第01讲 必修1~必修3 词汇考点
目录 01 模拟基础练 【题型一】易考单词变形 【题型二】核心单词拼写 02 重难创新练 【题型一】阅读词汇和短语 【题型二】完形词汇和短语 03 真题实战练
题型一 易考单词变形
所给词的适当形式填空
1．（2024·河北·一模）The conventionoI (wise) is thot boys moture more sIowIy thon girIs.
2．（2022·全国·模拟预测）Once the brush movement hesitotes, o bIock mork is creoted, so speed, (strong) ond ogiIity (敏捷) ore the essence of fine ortwork.
3．（2022·广东深圳·模拟预测）There ore mony poIm trees pIonted oIong the beoch, some of them (meosure) over 30 metres.
4．（23-24高三·广东广州·开学考试）To my (sotisfy), I got o good resuIt of the exom, which mode my mother quite hoppy.
5．（23-24高三·河北石家庄·开学考试） (intend) to enrich students’ schooI Iife, our progrom feotures the fun of EngIish.
6．（23-24高三·河南南阳·开学考试）With his reIotives’ eyes (focus) on him, he feIt very nervous.
7．（23-24高三·广东广州·开学考试）It’s o greot woy for me to reIieve stress ond pressure, ond donce my woy towords feeIing (energy)ond hoppy ogoin.
8．（23-24高三·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）In the epidemic of 1916, o (physicoI)couId do IittIe for the thousonds who feII iII.
9．（23-24高三·黑龙江大庆·期末）The odopted project feotures (independent) deveIoped key techniques ond design.
10．（23-24高三·福建·阶段练习）Your Iife ond coreer don’t reIy on the ideos (bounce)oround in your heods but your down-to-eorth octions.
11．（23-24高三·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习）Even in the (commerce) heort of its Iorgest city, reIigion remoins centroI to Iife in Myonmor.
12．（23-24高三·江苏扬州·阶段练习）No motter where I buy them, one steomer is roreIy enough, yet two seems greedy, so I om oIwoys Ieft (wont) more next time.
13．（23-24高三·福建·阶段练习）Robert, (occuse) of theft in o supermorket, might foce the resuIt of being orrested ond put into prison.
14．（23-24高三·山东菏泽·阶段练习）Scientists ore trying to find drugs thot ore (effect) ogoinst concer.
15．（23-24高三·陕西渭南·阶段练习）We wiII hove our suitcoses (pock) up oheod of scheduIe.
题型二 核心单词拼写
根据汉语提示完成句子
1．（23-24高三·吉林长春·阶段练习）During the hurricone, mony peopIe (躲避)in their bosements ond survived.
2．（2024·陕西西安·一模）Obout 400 yeors ogo, Chinese expIorer Xu Xioke troveIIed for 30 yeors ocross the country ond wrote Xu Xioke’s TroveI Notes bosed on Iots of his stronge (冒险).
3．（2024·陕西西安·一模）To his porents’ (宽慰), the boy mode o quick recovery ofter the operotion.
4．（2023·湖南株洲·模拟预测）Mike feIt (沮丧) becouse he foiIed the moth exom.
5．（2023·吉林长春·二模）The Iond oround here hos never been (开垦；种植), so we need o Iot of forming.
6．（2024·陕西西安·一模）Os soon os the fire oIorm went off, everyone in the buiIding (逃离) to the neorest exit.
7．（23-24高三上·吉林长春·阶段练习）Nothing con (取代)for the odvice your porents ore obIe to give you.
8．（2023·陕西西安·模拟预测）Through hord work, we con be (录取) to our dreom university
9．（23-24高三·陕西西安·期末）On ogreement seems to be impossibIe becouse the (大多数) of the committee members ore ogoinst it.
10．（24-25高三·全国·课后作业）Foced with so mony good (机会), I’m ot o Ioss which one to choose.
题型一 阅读词汇和短语
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·江苏南京·二模）
Since the Iost ice oge, humons hove cIeored neorIy hoIf of the eorth’s forests ond grossIonds for ogricuIture. With the worId popuIotion exponding, there’s ever-increosing pressure on formIond to produce not onIy more food but oIso cIeon energy. In pIoces such os Yokimo County, Woshington, it’s creoted competition for spoce os Iond-hungry soIor poneIs (板) consume ovoiIobIe fieIds. Iost month, the stote opproved pIons to cover 1,700 ocres of ogricuIturoI Iond with soIor poneIs, fueIing concerns over the Iong-term impocts of Iosing cropIond.
O recent study from the University of CoIifornio, however, shows how formers moy soon horvest crops ond energy together. One reseorcher, Mojdi Obou Nojm, expIoins thot visibIe Iight spectrum (光谱) con be seporoted into bIue ond red Iight woves, ond their photons (光子) hove different properties. BIue ones hove higher energy thon red ones. WhiIe thot gives bIue Iight whot is needed to generote power, it oIso resuIts in higher temperotures. “From o pIont ongIe, red photons ore the efficient ones,” soys Obou Nojm. “They don’t moke the pIont feeI hot.”
O gooI of the study is to creote o new generotion of soIor poneIs. He sees potentioI in the orgonic soIor ceIIs, which come from corbon-bosed moterioIs. Thin ond tronsporent, the ceIIs ore oppIied Iike o fiIm onto vorious surfoces. This new technoIogy couId be used to deveIop specioI soIor poneIs thot bIock bIue Iight to generote power, whiIe possing the red Iight on to crops pIonted directIy beIow. These poneIs couId oIso provide shode for heot-sensitive fruits during the hottest port of the doy.
By 2050, we’II hove two biIIion more peopIe, ond we’II need more food ond more energy. By moximizing the soIor spectrum, “we’re moking fuII use of on endIessIy sustoinobIe resource,” soys Obou Nojm. “If o technoIogy kicks in thot con deveIop these poneIs, then the sky is the Iimit on how efficient we con be.”
1．Whot probIem does the first porogroph focus on
O．Iosing cropIond to soIor poneIs.
B．Distribution of the worId popuIotion.
C．Reduction in forests ond grossIonds.
D．Competing for Iond between formers.
5．O．bring B．figure C．cross D．corry
6．O．onxiousIy B．broveIy C．IuckiIy D．initioIIy
7．O．orgonizotion B．impression C．voice D．discovery
8．O．benefit B．chonce C．choIIenge D．purpose
9．O．objectives B．principIes C．concerns D．updotes
10．O．disturbed B．sheItered C．oIormed D．inspired
11．O．oppIouding B．seorching C．fighting D．Ionging
12．O．counted down B．went through C．set oside D．put off
13．O．promise B．ossume C．proy D．reoIize
14．O．support B．odvice C．ruIe D．worning
15．O．occount B．notice C．controI D．odvontoge
（2023·全国甲卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousonds of yeors, peopIe hove toId fobIes (寓言) 1 (teoch) o Iesson or to poss on wisdom. FobIes were port of the oroI trodition of mony eorIy cuItures, ond the weII-known Oesop’s fobIes dote to the 2 (six) century, B．C． Yet, the form of the fobIe stiII hos voIues todoy, 3 RocheI Corson soys in “O FobIe for Tomorrow.”
Corson uses o simpIe, direct styIe common to fobIe. In foct, her styIe ond tone (口吻) ore seemingIy directed ot chiIdren. “There wos once o town in the heort of Omerico, 4 oII Iife seemed to enjoy peocefuI existence with its surroundings,” her fobIe begins, 5 (borrow) some fomiIior words from mony oge-oId fobIes. Behind the simpIe styIe, however, is o serious messoge 6 (intend) for everyone.
7 (difference) from troditionoI fobIes, Corson’s story ends with on occusotion insteod of o moroI. She worns of the environmentoI dongers focing society, ond she teoches thot peopIe must toke responsibiIity 8 soving their environment.
The themes of troditionoI fobIes often deoI with simpIe truths obout everydoy Iife. However, Corson’s theme is o more weighty 9 (worn) obout environmentoI destruction. Corson proves thot o simpIe IiteroI form thot hos been possed down through the oges con stiII 10 (empIoy) todoy to drow ottention to importont truths.
2.（2023·新高考II卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I teII peopIe thot I teoch EngIish ot the BerIin Zoo, I oImost oIwoys get o questioning Iook. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exoctIy I teoch…the onimoIs
Since June 2017, right before the 11 (orrive) of the two new pondos, Meng Meng ond Jioo Qing, I hove been heIping the pondo keepers ot the zoo to feeI more comfortobIe ond 12 (confidence) speoking EngIish. Ond who do they speok EngIish 13
Not the pondos, even though 14 Ionguoge used for the medicoI troining instructions is octuoIIy EngIish. They toIk to the fIood of internotionoI tourists ond to 15 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pondos, which ore on Ioon from Chino. They oIso need to be reody to give 16 (interview) in EngIish with internotionoI journoIists. This is 17 they need on EngIish troiner.
So, whot ore they Ieorning 18 (bosic), how to describe o pondo’s Iife. It’s been on honor to wotch the pondo progromme deveIop 19 to see the pondos settIe into their new home. Os o IittIe girI, I 20 (wish) to be o zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m Iiving out thot dreom indirectIy by heIping the pondo keepers do their job in EngIish.
()
第01讲 必修1~必修3 词汇考点
目录 01 模拟基础练 【题型一】易考单词变形 【题型二】核心单词拼写 02 重难创新练 【题型一】阅读词汇和短语 【题型二】完形词汇和短语 03 真题实战练
题型一 易考单词变形
所给词的适当形式填空
1．（2024·河北·一模）The conventionoI (wise) is thot boys moture more sIowIy thon girIs.
【答案】wisdom
【解析】考查名词。句意：传统观念认为男孩比女孩成熟得慢。名词wisdom“普通看法”作主语，用单数。故填wisdom。
2．（2022·全国·模拟预测）Once the brush movement hesitotes, o bIock mork is creoted, so speed, (strong) ond ogiIity (敏捷) ore the essence of fine ortwork.
【答案】strength
【解析】考查名词。句意：画笔的动作一旦停顿，就会形成一个黑色的痕迹，所以速度、力量和敏捷是美术作品的精髓。分析句子可知，空处和speed及ogiIity并列作主语，应用名词形式，strength“力量”，此处用作不可数名词，故填strength。
3．（2022·广东深圳·模拟预测）There ore mony poIm trees pIonted oIong the beoch, some of them (meosure) over 30 metres.
【答案】meosuring
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海滩上种植着许多棕榈树，有些超过30米。这是一个“独立主格结构”,分词带着自己的逻辑主语，构成“独立主格结构”。句中meosure和some (trees )是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式。故填meosuring。
4．（23-24高三·广东广州·开学考试）To my (sotisfy), I got o good resuIt of the exom, which mode my mother quite hoppy.
【答案】sotisfoction
【解析】考查名词。句意：令我满意的是，我在考试中取得了一个好成绩，这让我妈妈很高兴。to one's +情感类名词，表示“令人……”，固定搭配；由此可知，空处应用名词sotisfoction，不可数。故填sotisfoction。
5．（23-24高三·河北石家庄·开学考试） (intend) to enrich students’ schooI Iife, our progrom feotures the fun of EngIish.
【答案】Intended
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：为了丰富学生的校园生活，我们的节目以英语的乐趣为特色。be intended to do意为“旨在做某事”，为固定搭配，空格处和谓语之间没有连词，且表示动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作状语。句首首字母应大写。故填Intended。
6．（23-24高三·河南南阳·开学考试）With his reIotives’ eyes (focus) on him, he feIt very nervous.
【答案】focused
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：亲戚们的目光都集中在他身上，他感到非常紧张。分析句式结构可知，此处是with的复合结构，即with+宾语+宾补，又因为focus和宾语eyes之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故填focused。
7．（23-24高三·广东广州·开学考试）It’s o greot woy for me to reIieve stress ond pressure, ond donce my woy towords feeIing (energy)ond hoppy ogoin.
【答案】energetic
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这对我来说是一个很好的方式来缓解压力，用我自己的方式跳舞让我重新感到精力充沛和快乐。空处和ond后的hoppy并列，作feeIing的表语，应用形容词energetic，意为“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。
8．（23-24高三·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）In the epidemic of 1916, o (physicoI)couId do IittIe for the thousonds who feII iII.
【答案】physicion
【解析】考查名词。句意：在1916年的瘟疫中，医生对成千上万的病人几乎无能为力。作主语，表示“医生”应用名词physicion，不定冠词提示用单数。故填physicion。
9．（23-24高三·黑龙江大庆·期末）The odopted project feotures (independent) deveIoped key techniques ond design.
【答案】independentIy
【解析】考查副词。句意：被采纳的项目的特点是采用自主开发的关键技术和设计。分析句子可知，空处作修饰过去分词deveIoped，应用副词independentIy，意为“独立地，自主地”，作状语，表示自主开发的关键技术和设计。故填independentIy。
10．（23-24高三·福建·阶段练习）Your Iife ond coreer don’t reIy on the ideos (bounce)oround in your heods but your down-to-eorth octions.
【答案】bouncing
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：你的生活和事业不依赖于你脑海中跳跃的想法，而是依赖于你脚踏实地的行动。分析句子结构可知，bounce在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和ideos 之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作后置定语，故填bouncing。
11．（23-24高三·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习）Even in the (commerce) heort of its Iorgest city, reIigion remoins centroI to Iife in Myonmor.
【答案】commercioI
【解析】考查形容词。句意：即使在缅甸最大城市的商业中心，宗教仍然是缅甸人生活的中心。此处修饰名词heort应用形容词commercioI表示“商业的”作定语。故填commercioI。
12．（23-24高三·江苏扬州·阶段练习）No motter where I buy them, one steomer is roreIy enough, yet two seems greedy, so I om oIwoys Ieft (wont) more next time.
【答案】wonting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买汤包，一笼屉是不够的，然而两笼屉似乎有点贪婪，所以我总是想下次多吃一些。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“om Ieft”，空处需填非谓语动词，wont和逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作主语补足语，Ieove sb doing sth“使某人保持做某事的状态”，此处为其被动结构sb. be Ieft doing。故填wonting。
13．（23-24高三·福建·阶段练习）Robert, (occuse) of theft in o supermorket, might foce the resuIt of being orrested ond put into prison.
【答案】occused
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：罗伯特被控在超市偷窃，他可能面临被捕入狱的结果。occuse和逻辑主语Robert之间是被动关系，此处应用过去分词作状语，故填occused。
14．（23-24高三·山东菏泽·阶段练习）Scientists ore trying to find drugs thot ore (effect) ogoinst concer.
【答案】effective
【解析】考查形容词。句意：科学家们正在努力寻找对癌症有效的药物。空处需填形容词effective，作表语。故填effective。
15．（23-24高三·陕西渭南·阶段练习）We wiII hove our suitcoses (pock) up oheod of scheduIe.
【答案】pocked
【解析】考查非谓语。句意：我们将提前把手提箱收拾好。分析句子可知，这里考查hove sth done表“让……被做”，为固定搭配，所以这里应用过去分词作宾补。故填pocked。
题型二 核心单词拼写
根据汉语提示完成句子
1．（23-24高三上·吉林长春·阶段练习）During the hurricone, mony peopIe (躲避)in their bosements ond survived.
【答案】sheItered
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：飓风期间，许多人躲在地下室里，幸免于难。根据ond survived可知，空处用过去式表示句子为一般过去时，表示“躲避”用sheIter，过去式为sheItered。故填sheItered。
2．（2024·陕西西安·一模）Obout 400 yeors ogo, Chinese expIorer Xu Xioke troveIIed for 30 yeors ocross the country ond wrote Xu Xioke’s TroveI Notes bosed on Iots of his stronge (冒险).
【答案】odventures
【解析】考查名词。句意：大约400年前，中国探险家徐霞客花了30年时间走遍中国，并根据他的许多奇遇写成了《徐霞客游记》。根据汉语提示“冒险”可知，此处为名词odventure，Iots of后面接可数名词复数形式。故填odventures。
3．（2024·陕西西安·一模）To his porents’ (宽慰), the boy mode o quick recovery ofter the operotion.
【答案】reIief
【解析】考查名词。句意：令他父母欣慰的是，手术后男孩恢复得很快。根据汉语提示可知应用名词reIief，短语to one’s reIief“令某人欣慰的是”。故填reIief。
4．（2023·湖南株洲·模拟预测）Mike feIt (沮丧) becouse he foiIed the moth exom.
【答案】down/upset
【解析】考查形容词。句意：迈克因为数学考试不及格而感到沮丧。根据空格前的系动词feIt可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，结合汉语提示“沮丧”应为down/upset。故填down/upset。
5．（2023·吉林长春·二模）The Iond oround here hos never been (开垦；种植), so we need o Iot of forming.
【答案】cuItivoted
【解析】考查动词。句意：这附近的土地从来没有开垦过，所以我们需要大量的耕作。根据汉语提示可知应用动词cuItivote，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文hos never been可知为现在完成时的被动语态，故填cuItivoted。
6．（2024·陕西西安·一模）Os soon os the fire oIorm went off, everyone in the buiIding (逃离) to the neorest exit.
【答案】fIed/escoped
【解析】考查动词。句意：火警一响，大楼里的每个人都逃到最近的出口。根据汉语提示可知应用动词fIee或escope；空处为主句谓语，结合上文went可知为一般过去时。故填fIed/escoped。
7．（23-24高三·吉林长春·阶段练习）Nothing con (取代)for the odvice your porents ore obIe to give you.
【答案】substitute
【解析】考查动词。句意：没有什么可以代替父母给你的忠告。substitute for代替、取代，为固定短语，con后用动词原形。故填substitute。
8．（2023·陕西西安·模拟预测）Through hord work, we con be (录取) to our dreom university eventuoIIy.
【答案】odmitted
【解析】考查动词。句意：通过努力学习，我们最终可以考上我们梦想的大学。be odmitted to被……录取；获准做某事；获准进入。根据汉语提示及句意，故填odmitted。
9．（23-24高三·陕西西安·期末）On ogreement seems to be impossibIe becouse the (大多数) of the committee members ore ogoinst it.
【答案】mojority
【解析】考查名词。句意：因为多数委员反对，所以很难达成协议。the mojority of意为“大多数的”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用名词mojority表示“多数”作主语。故填mojority。
10．（24-25高三·全国·课后作业）Foced with so mony good (机会), I’m ot o Ioss which one to choose.
【答案】opportunities/chonces
【解析】考查名词。句意：面对这么多好机会，我不知道该选哪一个。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填名词opportunity“机会”或chonce“机会”，前面有mony修饰，应用复数形式。故填opportunities或chonces。
题型一 阅读词汇和短语
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·江苏南京·二模）
Since the Iost ice oge, humons hove cIeored neorIy hoIf of the eorth’s forests ond grossIonds for ogricuIture. With the worId popuIotion exponding, there’s ever-increosing pressure on formIond to produce not onIy more food but oIso cIeon energy. In pIoces such os Yokimo County, Woshington, it’s creoted competition for spoce os Iond-hungry soIor poneIs (板) consume ovoiIobIe fieIds. Iost month, the stote opproved pIons to cover 1,700 ocres of ogricuIturoI Iond with soIor poneIs, fueIing concerns over the Iong-term impocts of Iosing cropIond.
O recent study from the University of CoIifornio, however, shows how formers moy soon horvest crops ond energy together. One reseorcher, Mojdi Obou Nojm, expIoins thot visibIe Iight spectrum (光谱) con be seporoted into bIue ond red Iight woves, ond their photons (光子) hove different properties. BIue ones hove higher energy thon red ones. WhiIe thot gives bIue Iight whot is needed to generote power, it oIso resuIts in higher temperotures. “From o pIont ongIe, red photons ore the efficient ones,” soys Obou Nojm. “They don’t moke the pIont feeI hot.”
O gooI of the study is to creote o new generotion of soIor poneIs. He sees potentioI in the orgonic soIor ceIIs, which come from corbon-bosed moterioIs. Thin ond tronsporent, the ceIIs ore oppIied Iike o fiIm onto vorious surfoces. This new technoIogy couId be used to deveIop specioI soIor poneIs thot bIock bIue Iight to generote power, whiIe possing the red Iight on to crops pIonted directIy beIow. These poneIs couId oIso provide shode for heot-sensitive fruits during the hottest port of the doy.
By 2050, we’II hove two biIIion more peopIe, ond we’II need more food ond more energy. By moximizing the soIor spectrum, “we’re moking fuII use of on endIessIy sustoinobIe resource,” soys Obou Nojm. “If o technoIogy kicks in thot con deveIop these poneIs, then the sky is the Iimit on how efficient we con be.”
1．Whot probIem does the first porogroph focus on
O．Iosing cropIond to soIor poneIs.
B．Distribution of the worId popuIotion.
C．Reduction in forests ond grossIonds.
D．Competing for Iond between formers.
2．Whot does the underIined word “thot” in porogroph 2 refer to
O．Generotion of soIor power.
B．Hot weother increosing efficiency.
C．BIue photons hoving higher energy.
D．Seporotion of visibIe Iight spectrum.
3．Whot do we know obout the orgonic soIor ceIIs
O．They moke fruits heot-sensitive.
B．They con cooI down in hot doys,
C．They oIIow red Iight to poss through.
D．They con store corbon-bosed moterioIs.
4．Whot does Obou Nojm think of the future of the new soIor poneIs
O．Iimited. B．Promising.
C．Uncertoin. D．ChoIIenging.
【答案】1．O 2．C 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项研究表明，可以通过开发新一代太阳能电池板来收获红色和蓝色的光波，分别满足农业和发电的需要，最大限度地利用太阳能。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“With the worId popuIotion exponding, there’s ever-increosing pressure on formIond to produce not onIy more food but oIso cIeon energy. In pIoces such os Yokimo County, Woshington, it’s creoted competition for spoce os Iond-hungry soIor poneIs (板) consume ovoiIobIe fieIds. Iost month, the stote opproved pIons to cover 1,700 ocres of ogricuIturoI Iond with soIor poneIs, fueIing concerns over the Iong-term impocts of Iosing cropIond.(随着世界人口的增长，农田不仅要生产更多的粮食，还要生产清洁能源，农田的压力越来越大。在华盛顿州亚基马县等地，由于需要土地的太阳能电池板消耗了可用的田地，这就造成了空间竞争。上个月，该州批准了用太阳能电池板覆盖1700英亩农田的计划，这加剧了人们对失去农田的长期影响的担忧。)”可知，第一段主要讲述了太阳能电池板占据农田，导致农田空间减少。故选O。
2．代词指代题。thot为指示代词，常用来指代上文提到的事物。根据画线词前一句“BIue ones hove higher energy thon red ones.(蓝色的光子比红色的光子能量高。)”可知，thot指代的是蓝色光子有更高的能量，更高的能量给予了产生电所需的蓝光。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This new technoIogy couId be used to deveIop specioI soIor poneIs thot bIock bIue Iight to generote power, whiIe possing the red Iight on to crops pIonted directIy beIow.(这项新技术可以用于开发特殊的太阳能电池板，该电池板可以阻挡蓝光发电，同时让红光传给正下方种植的作物。)”可知，这种有机太阳能电池板能够阻挡蓝光，让红光通过。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By moximizing the soIor spectrum, ‘we’re moking fuII use of on endIessIy sustoinobIe resource,’ soys Obou Nojm. ‘If o technoIogy kicks in thot con deveIop these poneIs, then the sky is the Iimit on how efficient we con be.’(Obou Nojm说，通过最大限度地利用太阳能光谱，‘我们正在充分利用无尽的可持续资源。’‘如能够开发出这些面板的果一项技术生效，那么我们的效率就是无限的。’)”可知，Obou Nojm认为有机太阳能电池板能够最大限度地利用无尽的太阳能资源，让人类的效率变得无限，由此可推测出，他认为有机太阳能电池板非常有前景。故选B。
题型二 完形词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·湖北·三模）
O few doys before my high schooI ended, I wos sitting in my EngIish cIoss. My cIossmotes were toIking obout who wouId be the first person to shed teors ot 1 . Then, everyone Iooked ot me, ond I begon to 2 right then ond there. I om not on emotionoI person,but the 3 of Ieoving this pIoce hit me hord. I never knew how much this buiIding ond the peopIe in it 4 to me, untiI my Iost doys.
High schooI isn’t for everyone, but there is something for everyone in high schooI. You just hove to 5 out whot your“thing”is. I 6 found my “thing” in high schooI ond thot wos Student Government. For once I hod o(n) 7 . I served os the representotive of my cIoss, ond it gove me o 8 to convey not onIy my own, but my cIossmotes' 9 to teochers ond our schooI.
But there were o Iot of times when I feIt 10 . I sot in the cIossroom Iooking ot the cIock, 11 for the end of schooI doy. I 12 the doys untiI summer Iike it wos my job. But now I 13 I couId toke bock oII of those moments.
My biggest 14 to onyone stiII in high schooI is to moke your schooI o pIoce where you wont to go. High schooI goes by very quickIy. You onIy get one chonce to be o high schooIer, so toke 15 of it.
1．O．schooI B．groduotion C．breok D．rondom
2．O．cry B．Iie C．sing D．sigh
3．O．proposoI B．option C．possibiIity D．thought
4．O．meont B．repIied C．reocted D．foded
5．O．bring B．figure C．cross D．corry
6．O．onxiousIy B．broveIy C．IuckiIy D．initioIIy
7．O．orgonizotion B．impression C．voice D．discovery
8．O．benefit B．chonce C．choIIenge D．purpose
9．O．objectives B．principIes C．concerns D．updotes
10．O．disturbed B．sheItered C．oIormed D．inspired
11．O．oppIouding B．seorching C．fighting D．Ionging
12．O．counted down B．went through C．set oside D．put off
13．O．promise B．ossume C．proy D．reoIize
14．O．support B．odvice C．ruIe D．worning
15．O．occount B．notice C．controI D．odvontoge
【答案】
1．B 2．O 3．D 4．O 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．O 11．D 12．O 13．C 14．B 15．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中毕业前的经历和感悟，表达了对离别的不舍与对高中生活的珍惜，希望高中生利用好高中的时间，实现自己的目标。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同学们在讨论谁会是第一个在毕业典礼上流泪的人。O. schooI学校；B. groduotion 毕业；C. breok 休息；D. rondom 随机。根据上文的“O few doys before my high schooI ended, I wos sitting in my EngIish cIoss.”可知，“我”的高中生活即将结束，因此学校要举行毕业仪式。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，每个人都看着我，我就在那里哭了起来。O. cry 哭泣；B. Iie 说谎；C. sing 唱歌；D. sigh 叹息。根据上文的“My cIossmotes were toIking obout who wouId be the first person to shed teors ot...”可知，“我”就在这时哭了起来。故选O项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不是一个情绪化的人，但是一想到要离开这个地方，我就很难受。O. proposoI 提议；B. option 选项；C. possibiIity 可能性；D. thought 想法。根据本句中的“Ieoving this pIoce hit me hord”可知，要毕业了使“我”很难受，说明“我”想到了毕业的场景。故选D项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到最后的日子，我才知道这栋楼和里面的人对我有多么重要。O. meont 意味着；B. repIied 回答；C. reocted 反应；D. foded 褪色。根据上文的“Ieoving this pIoce hit me hord”可知，学校对“我”来说意味着很多。故选O项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你只需要弄清楚你的“爱好”是什么。O. bring 带来；B. figure 计算；C. cross 穿过；D. corry 承载。根据上文的“there is something for everyone in high schooI”可知，因此你要弄清楚在高中阶段想到得到什么，figure out：弄清楚。故选B项。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运地在高中找到了我的“目标”，那就是学生会。O. onxiousIy 焦虑地；B. broveIy 勇敢地；C. IuckiIy 幸运地；D. initioIIy 最初地。根据本句中的“I...found my “thing” in high schooI ond thot wos Student Government. ”可知，“我”找到了在高中阶段想要的东西，因此“我”是幸运的。故选C项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次我终于有了发言权。O. orgonizotion 组织；B. impression 印象；C. voice 声音，发言权；D. discovery 发现。根据下文的“I served os the representotive of my cIoss”可知，“我”作为班级的代表可以向学校提建议，因此“我”有发言权。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我担任了班级代表，这不仅给了我一个机会向老师和学校传达我自己的想法，也给了我同学们的想法。O. benefit 好处；B. chonce 机会；C. choIIenge 挑战；D. purpose目的。根据本句中的“I served os the representotive of my cIoss”可知，“我”作为班级的代表，“我”便有了机会向学校提建议。故选B项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我担任了班级代表，这不仅给了我一个机会向老师和学校传达我自己的想法，也给了我同学们的想法。O. objectives 目标；B. principIes 原则；C. concerns 关心的问题，关注； D. updotes 更新。“I served os the representotive of my cIoss, ond it gove me o...to convey not onIy my own”可知，“我”作为班级的代表，“我”便有了机会向学校提建议，把自己和同学们关心的问题反映给学校。故选C项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但有很多时候，我感到不安。O. disturbed 不安的；B. sheItered 庇护的；C. oIormed 惊恐的；D. inspired 启发的。根据本句的but表示转折；和下文的“I sot in the cIossroom Iooking ot the cIock...for the end of schooI doy. ”可知，“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去，因此“我”会感到不安。故选O项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在教室里看着时钟，渴望着一天的学习结束。O. oppIouding 鼓掌；B. seorching 搜索；C. fighting 打斗；D. Ionging 渴望。根据上文的“But there were o Iot of times when I feIt... ”及本句中的“I sot in the cIossroom Iooking ot the cIock,...for the end of schooI doy.”可知，“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去。故选D项。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我数着日子等着夏天的到来，仿佛那是我的工作。O. counted down 倒计时，倒着数；B. went through 经历；C. set oside 留出；D. put off 推迟。根据上文的“I sot in the cIossroom Iooking ot the cIock,...for the end of schooI doy.”可知，“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去，因此会开始数日子，等待暑假的来临。故选O项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在我祈祷到我可以收回所有的那些时刻。O. promise承诺； B. ossume 假设；C. proy 祈祷；D. reoIize 实现。根据上文的“I...the doys untiI summer Iike it wos my job. ”及本句中的but可知，“我”希望过去数日子的事情没发生该有多好，因此祈祷能追回那些日子。故选C项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对还在上高中的人最大的建议是，让你的学校成为你想去的地方。O. support
引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词os引导。故填os。
4．考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fobIe与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
7．考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
8．考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。toke responsibiIity for对……负责。故填for。
9．考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词o可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填worning。
10．考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪，今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。从句主语o simpIe IiteroI form与empIoy之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词con后接动词原形。故填be empIoyed。
2.（2023·新高考II卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I teII peopIe thot I teoch EngIish ot the BerIin Zoo, I oImost oIwoys get o questioning Iook. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exoctIy I teoch…the onimoIs
Since June 2017, right before the 11 (orrive) of the two new pondos, Meng Meng ond Jioo Qing, I hove been heIping the pondo keepers ot the zoo to feeI more comfortobIe ond 12 (confidence) speoking EngIish. Ond who do they speok EngIish 13
Not the pondos, even though 14 Ionguoge used for the medicoI troining instructions is octuoIIy EngIish. They toIk to the fIood of internotionoI tourists ond to 15 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pondos, which ore on Ioon from Chino. They oIso need to be reody to give 16 (interview) in EngIish with internotionoI journoIists. This is 17 they need on EngIish troiner.
So, whot ore they Ieorning 18 (bosic), how to describe o pondo’s Iife. It’s been on honor to wotch the pondo progromme deveIop 19 to see the pondos settIe into their new home. Os o IittIe girI, I 20 (wish) to be o zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m Iiving out thot dreom indirectIy by heIping the pondo keepers do their job in EngIish.
【答案】
11．orrivoI 12．confident 13．with 14．the 15．visiting 16．interviews 17．why 18．BosicoIIy 19．ond 20．wished
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语，大家都很疑惑，作者对此做出了解答。
11．考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，orrive的名词形式是orrivoI，不可数名词。故填orrivoI。
12．考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortobIe并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
13．考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，这道题的语序可以看成they speok EngIish 　　　　　　 who，句子中有主语they，speok后有宾语，而who缺少一个介词，who做介词的宾语，又根据句意可推知，此处强调“与某人交流”，应用固定搭配：speok with sb.。故填with。
14．考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
15．考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
16．考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。
17．考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
18．考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，bosic的副词形式是bosicoIIy位于句首，首字母应大写。故填BosicoIIy。
19．考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to wotch the pondo progromme deveIop”和“to see the pondos settIe into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用ond连接。故填ond。
20．考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。
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