UNIT 3　课时测评作业二　
【小题夯基】
维度一　语境辨义练
1.The judge has the final say on the sentence.法官
2.The tennis players refused to accept the linesman’s decision, so the judge ordered them to play that point over.裁判
3.Judging by her last letter, they are having a wonderful time 判断
4.The tour was judged a great success.认为
5.It’s difficult to judge how long the journey will take.估计
维度二　语境拼写练
1.As far as I can judge (认为)，all of them are to blame.
2.The company suffered (遭受) huge losses because of the economic crisis.
3.Nowadays，chatting (聊天) with friends on WeChat is common.
4.Sadly, the library has moved from its original (起初的) place into another building.
5.It was very awkward (令人尴尬的) for me to be punished by my teacher in class.
6.Hearing the bad news, the man exploded with anger.
7.After graduation, I don’t have much contact with my teachers.
8.It is generous of you to donate so much money to our organization.
9.I apologize to you for misunderstanding you so much.
10.Knowing that she was tricked by her best friend, her heart was broken.
维度三　固定用法练
1.John was at a loss as to how to use the new machine.
2.It will take him a long time to make a full recovery (recover).
3.To my surprise, the reporter refused to make a judg(e)ment (judge) on it.
4.She felt sorry for her son’s bad behavio(u)r (behave) at the party.
5.All people，whether they are young or old，will benefit a lot from the new policy.
6.Jim had been unemployed for over five months and he was really on the rocks now.
7.You must let go of the idea that to be single is to be unhappy and unfulfilled.
8.He apologized to the people who had been affected.
9.You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.
10.Judging from/by his tone，there’s no doubt he is against it.
维度四　写作提升练
利用本课时所学知识补全短文并尝试背诵
I’m sorry! I definitely understand your feeling.I have some suggestions for you.It is hard to form a friendship, so a friendship 1.is worth saving(值得挽留).2.In any case(无论如何), you should find an opportunity to 3.have a full and frank talk with your friend (和你的朋友深入坦诚地谈一谈).You should listen to what your friend wants to say, and 4.it is also important to explain how you feel to your friend (向你的朋友说清你的感受也很重要).However, if your friend 5.ignores your feelings(忽视你的感受) or 6.makes you suffer(让你难受), 7.it’s time to rethink your relationship(该是重新考虑你们的友谊的时候). It’s sad to 8.move on(放手), but you have to accept that friends come and go in life.
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
One of the most challenging aspects of traveling alone is trying to make friends on the road.But, despite the conception that solo travel means you have to be alone all the time, it can actually be one of the best times to socialize and meet new people.Read on to learn our tips for it!
Stay in hostels
If you’re worried about feeling lonely while traveling solo, one of the best ways to solve this problem is to stay in hostels.Their friendly and open-minded atmosphere makes it easy to strike up conversations.No matter where you are, you’ll always have at least one thing in common with your fellow hostel-mates: a love of travel!
Take part in group tours and hiking
When you’re traveling alone, it’s all too easy to stick to your own routine.If you’re eager to break out of it, try signing up for a group tour or activity.Try using a service like Busabout, where you can book tours tailored to your interests, location, and time-frame.Alternatively, book an Airbnb Experience to learn a local’s trade or taste regional wines, or join a foodie-friendly activity through Eatwith.
Use an app
With the development of technology in the travel space, solo travel is a good opportunity to use tech to your advantage.And, if you’re someone who has trouble introducing yourself to strangers in person, travel apps can be a great way to facilitate friendships on the road.With apps like Backpack and Tourlina, it’s never been easier to find and make friends with fellow travelers online.All you have to do is pack your bags and swipe right!
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了在单人旅行中如何结识新朋友。
1.What do you have in common with your hostel-mates while travelling alone
A.Passions for travel.
B.Use of tech.
C.Experience of local trade.
D.Taste of regional wines.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据“Stay in hostels”部分最后一句“No matter where you are，...a love of travel！”可知，独自旅行时，你与旅伴至少有一个共同点，那就是你们都热爱旅行，由此可知，独自旅行时，你与旅伴的共同之处在于对旅行的热爱，故选A项。]
2.Which one is most recommended for a solo traveler to find companions
A.Tourlina. B.Eatwith.
C.Airbnb Experience. D.Busabout.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据“Use an app”部分倒数第二句“With apps like...and swipe right！”可知，用Backpack和Tourlina这样的应用程序，可以帮助你在网上找到旅伴，由此可知，Tourlina最适合单人旅行者寻找同伴，故选A项。]
3.What is the purpose of this text
A.To inspire people to travel alone.
B.To emphasize the benefits of solo travel.
C.To show the challenges of traveling alone.
D.To give advice on facilitating friendships in solo travel.
答案　D　[写作意图题。通读文章，结合第一段第二句“But, despite the conception...learn our tips for it！”可知，本文主要介绍了在单人旅行中如何结识新朋友，并举例说明我们可以通过参加团体旅游或使用应用程序等方式来结识新朋友，由此可知，本文的目的是为促进单人旅行中的友谊提供建议，故选D项。]
B
We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？” “When I got that great job，did Jim really feel good about it，as a friend Or did he envy my luck？” “And Paul—why didn’t I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car？” When we look back，doubts like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back，it’s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.And if we don’t really listen，we will miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you，“You’re a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side If he says，“You’re a lucky guy.” or “You’re a lucky girl.” that’s being friendly.But lucky “dog”？ There’s a bit of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn’t see it himself.But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.
“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is he Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important.It’s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven’t got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words One way is to take a good look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks Does what he says agree with the tone of voice His posture？The look in his eyes Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章告诉我们在与他人交流的过程中要观察别人说话的表情、语调、姿态和眼神等，通过这些观察可以辨别出别人的真正想法。
4.This passage is mainly about .
A.how to interpret what people say
B.what to do when you listen to others talking
C.how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
D.why we go wrong with people sometimes
答案　C　[文章大意题。第一段第三句告诉我们，经常犯的错误都是关于人的错误，接下来的部分告诉我们如何辨别别人的言外之意。也就是说本文主要告诉我们在与他人交流的过程中如何避免出现错误。]
5.According to the author，the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that .
A.we fail to listen carefully when they talk
B.people tend to be annoyed when we check what they say
C.people usually state one thing but mean another
D.we tend to doubt what our friends say
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第二段前三句可知，人们所说的话会隐藏他们真实的含义，如果我们没有认真倾听，我们可能就会错过真实的含义，这也是我们会和朋友产生误解的原因。]
6.In the second paragraph，the underlined word “it” refers to “ ”.
A.being friendly B.lucky dog
C.a bit of envy D.your luck
答案　C　[代词指代题。根据第二段中的“There’s a bit of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn’t see it himself.”可知，在别人用lucky dog形容你是幸运儿的时候，实际上是有点嫉妒的含义的，但是他自己并没有感觉到这一点。句中的it就是指前句中的“a bit of envy”。]
7.When we listen to a person talking，the most important thing for us to do is to .
A.notice the way the person is talking
B.take a good look at the person talking
C.mind his tone，his posture and the look in his eyes instead of words
D.examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner，his tone and his posture
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者建议我们观察别人说话的表情、语调、姿态和眼神等，通过观察这些可以辨别出别人的真正想法。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
A South Carolina couple was surprised this week to find their 1 dog ringing their doorbell.
Mary Lynn Whitacre and Ryan Washick moved into their new 2 in Simpsonville about a month ago.On Sunday night, their dog Rajah was playing in the backyard 3 someone set off some early July 4 fireworks.Whitacre knew Rajah would be 4 ，so she went out to get her.She saw Rajah jump over the fence (篱笆) and was 5 .
Whitacre jumped on blog, posting on every page she could 6 .The couple also drove around their new neighborhood for hours.They kept 7 they could find her, but they failed.
Feeling 8 ， they went home.Washick sat up， 9 .About 3 am on Monday he heard scratching (抓), and then, the doorbell rang.
A ring camera outside of their home captured (拍摄) Rajah’s 10 .She was dirty and covered in thorns (棘刺).Washick 11 someone had put her there and rang the doorbell.But no! It was Rajah that was ringing the doorbell!
Where did Rajah spend her seven hours of 12 ？ That was still unknown.But she was covered in thorns, 13 of a terrible evening.When she got back inside, she looked a bit 14 .
“It seems like she had a bad time，” Whitacre said.Washick said he 15 to build up the back fence to avoid similar events.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。邻居放焰火吓跑了Washick家的爱犬Rajah，Washick夫妇寻找未果，谁知走失的Rajah在半夜按响了他家的门铃，她的表现让人又惊又喜。
1.A.brave B.missing
C.careless D.sick
答案　B　[根据第二段中的“She saw Rajah jump over the fence(篱笆)”以及第三段中的“they could find her, but they failed”可知，Washick夫妇惊奇地发现他们家“走失的(missing)”爱犬竟然在按门铃。]
2.A.lab B.hotel
C.home D.office
答案　C　[根据第三段中的“The couple also drove around their new neighborhood”可知，Washick夫妇一个月前刚搬到新“家(home)”。]
3.A.when B.since
C.after D.till
答案　A　[Washick家的爱犬正在后院玩耍，忽然有人放焰火，故选when。when引导状语从句。]
4.A.surprised B.frightened
C.happy D.sleepy
答案　B　[解析见下题。]
5.A.hurt B.caught
C.tired D.gone
答案　D　[根据本段中的“Rajah jump over the fence(篱笆)”以及下文中Washick夫妇寻找爱犬的情节可知，由于有人放焰火，爱犬会受到“惊吓(frightened)”，于是“跑了(gone)”。]
6.A.talk of B.print out
C.think of D.hand out
答案　C　[根据本空前的“Whitacre jumped on blog, posting on every page”可知，Whitacre快速登录博客，在她能“想到(think of)”的每一个网页发布爱犬走失的消息。]
7.A.promising B.hoping
C.showing D.admitting
答案　B　[本空后的“they could find her”是Washick夫妇一直“希望(hoping)”发生的事。]
8.A.bored B.cold
C.helpless D.fearless
答案　C　[解析见下题。]
9.A.preparing B.typing
C.discussing D.waiting
答案　D　[根据上段中的“but they failed”以及本段中的“they went home.Washick sat up”可知，他们没有找到爱犬，感到很“无助(helpless)”。Washick坐在那里不睡，一直在“等待(waiting)”。]
10.A.return B.growth
C.escape D.fight
答案　A　[根据本空后的“She was dirty and covered in thorns(棘刺)”以及本段末的“It was Rajah that was ringing the doorbell！”可知，Rajah凌晨三点回来了，Washick家门口的摄像头拍下了她“回来(return)”的镜头。]
11.A.realized B.guessed
C.remembered D.noticed
答案　B　[根据本段中的“It was Rajah that was ringing the doorbell！”可知，本空后的“someone had put her there and rang the doorbell”是Washick“猜测(guessed)”出来的，事实上是爱犬Rajah自己在按门铃。]
12.A.freedom B.rest
C.practice D.search
答案　A　[Rajah离家几个小时，这段时间她不受管束，她在何处度过了这七个小时的“自由(freedom)”时间仍是个谜。]
13.A.dreams B.signs
C.reviews D.stories
答案　B　[“she was covered in thorns”是Rajah度过了一个糟糕的夜晚的“迹象(signs)”。]
14.A.doubtful B.proud
C.calm D.sad
答案　D　[根据本段中的“a terrible evening”和下段中的“It seems like she had a bad time”可知，Rajah那天晚上过得并不好，她看上去有点“伤心(sad)”。]
15.A.forgot B.regretted
C.agreed D.planned
答案　D　[“to build up the back fence”是Washick“计划(planned)”要做的事，以避免类似的情况再次发生。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Valentine’s Day is known as a day of love and romance on February 14th every year.
There are a few different versions of its origin and history，one of which dates back 1.
an ancient Roman festival，Lupercalia，2. (celebrate) on February 15th.On this day，young single women would place 3. (they) names in a huge container and young bachelors of the town would come and draw a name from it.The young man and the woman，4. names were picked would become partners for the 5. (follow) years.Many of these couples would eventually get
6. (marry).It 7. (believe) that the month of February is perfect for romance.
Valentine’s Day was originally celebrated in Europe，but in recent years it is also celebrated in China，8. (especial) among young people.Interestingly，China has its own Valentine’s Day，Qixi Festival，on the 7th day of the 7th month of our lunar calendar.It is in memory of a day on which the legendary cow-herder and weaving-maid 9. (allow) to be together，after being separated by the Milky Way for a whole year.What 10. interesting story!
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了西方的情人节的起源和中国特有的情人节。
1.to　[考查介词。date back to意为“起源于，追溯到”，是固定短语。]
2.celebrated　[考查非谓语动词。celebrate在句中作定语，与被修饰词“Roman festival”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。]
3.their　[考查代词。所填词在句中作定语，修饰names，故用形容词性物主代词。]
4.whose　[考查定语从句。逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的名词，所填词在从句中作定语，修饰names，故填whose。]
5.following　[考查词性转换。此处作定语，修饰years，故用形容词following “接着的”。]
6.married　[考查非谓语动词。“get＋过去分词”是一种固定搭配。]
7.is believed　[考查语态及固定句式。It is believed that...意为“人们相信……”，it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。]
8.especially　[考查词性转换。此处用副词修饰后面的介词短语。]
9.are allowed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。allow与主语之间是被动关系；结合主句中动词的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语cow-herder and weaving-main是复数，谓语动词故用复数形式。]
10.an　[考查冠词。story是可数名词，此处表泛指；另外interesting以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。]UNIT 3　课时测评作业二
(分值:93.5分)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【小题夯基】
维度一　语境辨义练(每小题1分,共5分)
judge v.判断;估计;认为 n.法官;裁判
1.The judge has the final say on the sentence. 　　　　　
2.The tennis players refused to accept the linesman’s decision, so the judge ordered them to play that point over. 　　　　　
3.Judging by her last letter, they are having a wonderful time 　　　　　
4.The tour was judged a great success. 　　　　　
5.It’s difficult to judge how long the journey will take. 　　　　　
维度二　语境拼写练(每小题1分,共10分)
1.As far as I can 　　　　　　(认为),all of them are to blame.
2.The company 　　　　　　(遭受) huge losses because of the economic crisis.
3.Nowadays,　　　　　　 (聊天) with friends on WeChat is common.
4.Sadly, the library has moved from its 　　　　　　(起初的) place into another building.
5.It was very 　　　　　　(令人尴尬的) for me to be punished by my teacher in class.
6.Hearing the bad news, the man 　　　　　　with anger.
7.After graduation, I don’t have much 　　　　　　　　　　　
with my teachers.
8.It is 　　　　　　of you to donate so much money to our organization.
9.I apologize to you for 　　　　　　you so much.
10.Knowing that she was 　　　　　　by her best friend, her heart was broken.
维度三　固定用法练(每小题1.5分,共15分)
1.John was at 　　　　　　loss as to how to use the new machine.
2.It will take him a long time to make a full 　　　　　　(recover).
3.To my surprise, the reporter refused to make a 　　　　　　(judge) on it.
4.She felt sorry for her son’s bad 　　　　　　(behave) at the party.
5.All people,whether they are young 　　　　　　　　　　　
old,will benefit a lot from the new policy.
6.Jim had been unemployed for over five months and he was really 　　　　　　the rocks now.
7.You must let go 　　　　　　the idea that to be single is to be unhappy and unfulfilled.
8.He apologized 　　　　　　the people who had been affected.
9.You can rely on him to respond 　　　　　　a challenge.
10.Judging 　　　　　　his tone,there’s no doubt he is against it.
维度四　写作提升练(每小题2分,共16分)
利用本课时所学知识补全短文并尝试背诵
I’m sorry! I definitely understand your feeling.I have some suggestions for you.It is hard to form a friendship, so a friendship 1.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　(值得挽留).
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　(无论如何), you should find an opportunity to 3.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 (和你的朋友深入坦诚地谈一谈).You should listen to what your friend wants to say, and 4.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　 (向你的朋友说清你的感受也很重要).However, if your friend 5.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　(忽视你的感受) or
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　(让你难受), 7.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　(该是重新考虑你们的友谊的时候). It’s sad to 8.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(放手),
but you have to accept that friends come and go in life.
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共17.5分)
A
One of the most challenging aspects of traveling alone is trying to make friends on the road.But, despite the conception that solo travel means you have to be alone all the time, it can actually be one of the best times to socialize and meet new people.Read on to learn our tips for it!
Stay in hostels
If you’re worried about feeling lonely while traveling solo, one of the best ways to solve this problem is to stay in hostels.Their friendly and open-minded atmosphere makes it easy to strike up conversations.No matter where you are, you’ll always have at least one thing in common with your fellow hostel-mates: a love of travel!
Take part in group tours and hiking
When you’re traveling alone, it’s all too easy to stick to your own routine.If you’re eager to break out of it, try signing up for a group tour or activity.Try using a service like Busabout, where you can book tours tailored to your interests, location, and time-frame.Alternatively, book an Airbnb Experience to learn a local’s trade or taste regional wines, or join a foodie-friendly activity through Eatwith.
Use an app
With the development of technology in the travel space, solo travel is a good opportunity to use tech to your advantage.And, if you’re someone who has trouble introducing yourself to strangers in person, travel apps can be a great way to facilitate friendships on the road.With apps like Backpack and Tourlina, it’s never been easier to find and make friends with fellow travelers online.All you have to do is pack your bags and swipe right!
1.What do you have in common with your hostel-mates while travelling alone
Passions for travel.
Use of tech.
Experience of local trade.
Taste of regional wines.
2.Which one is most recommended for a solo traveler to find companions
Tourlina. 　Eatwith.
Airbnb Experience. 　Busabout.
3.What is the purpose of this text
To inspire people to travel alone.
To emphasize the benefits of solo travel.
To show the challenges of traveling alone.
To give advice on facilitating friendships in solo travel.
B
We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen ” “When I got that great job,did Jim really feel good about it,as a friend Or did he envy my luck ” “And Paul—why didn’t I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car ” When we look back,doubts like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back,it’s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.And if we don’t really listen,we will miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you,“You’re a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side If he says,“You’re a lucky guy.” or “You’re a lucky girl.” that’s being friendly.But lucky “dog” There’s a bit of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn’t see it himself.But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.
“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is he Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important.It’s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven’t got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words One way is to take a good look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks Does what he says agree with the tone of voice His posture The look in his eyes Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
4.This passage is mainly about 　　　　.
how to interpret what people say
what to do when you listen to others talking
how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
why we go wrong with people sometimes
5.According to the author,the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that 　　　　　　.
we fail to listen carefully when they talk
people tend to be annoyed when we check what they say
people usually state one thing but mean another
we tend to doubt what our friends say
6.In the second paragraph,the underlined word “it” refers to “　　　　”.
being friendly lucky dog
a bit of envy your luck
7.When we listen to a person talking,the most important thing for us to do is to 　　　　.
notice the way the person is talking
take a good look at the person talking
mind his tone,his posture and the look in his eyes instead of words
examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner,his tone and his posture
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
A South Carolina couple was surprised this week to find their 　1　 dog ringing their doorbell.
Mary Lynn Whitacre and Ryan Washick moved into their new 　2　 in Simpsonville about a month ago.On Sunday night, their dog Rajah was playing in the backyard 　3　 someone set off some early
1.brave missing
careless sick
2.lab hotel
home office
3.when since
after till
July 4 fireworks.Whitacre knew Rajah would be 　4　,so she went out to get her.She saw Rajah jump over the fence (篱笆) and was 　5　.
Whitacre jumped on blog, posting on every page she could 　6　.The couple also drove around their new neighborhood for hours.They kept 　7　 they could find her, but they failed.
Feeling 　8　, they went home.Washick sat up,　9　.About 3 am on Monday he heard scratching (抓), and then, the doorbell rang.
A ring camera outside of their home captured (拍摄) Rajah’s 　10　.She was dirty and covered in thorns (棘刺).Washick 　11　 someone had put her there and rang the doorbell.But no! It was Rajah that was ringing the doorbell!
Where did Rajah spend her seven hours of 　12　 That was still unknown.But she was covered in thorns, 　13　 of a terrible evening.When she got back inside, she looked a bit 　14　.
“It seems like she had a bad time,” Whitacre said.Washick said he 　15　 to build up the back fence to avoid similar events.
4.surprised frightened
happy sleepy
5.hurt caught
tired gone
6.talk of print out
think of hand out
7.promising hoping
showing admitting
8.bored cold
helpless fearless
9.preparing typing
discussing waiting
10.return growth
escape fight
11.realized guessed
remembered noticed
12.freedom rest
practice search
13.dreams signs
reviews stories
14.doubtful proud
calm sad
15.forgot regretted
agreed planned
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
Valentine’s Day is known as a day of love and romance on February 14th every year.
There are a few different versions of its origin and history,one of which dates back 1.　　　　　　　　　　　 an ancient Roman festival,Lupercalia,2.　　　　　　　　　　　
(celebrate) on February 15th.On this day,young single women would place 3.　　　　　　 (they) names in a huge container and young bachelors of the town would come and draw a name from it.The young man and the woman,4.　　　　　　 names were picked would become partners for the 5.　　　　　　 (follow) years.Many of these couples would eventually get 6.　　　　 (marry).It 7.　　　　　　 (believe) that the month of February is perfect for romance.
Valentine’s Day was originally celebrated in Europe,but in recent years it is also celebrated in China,8.　　　　　　 (especial) among young people.Interestingly,China has its own Valentine’s Day,Qixi Festival,on the 7th day of the 7th month of our lunar calendar.It is in memory of a day on which the legendary cow-herder and weaving-maid 9.　　　　　　 (allow) to be together,after being separated by the Milky Way for a whole year.What 10.　　　　　　 interesting story! UNIT 3　课时测评作业三　
【小题夯基】
维度一　语境辨义练
1.In the US, distance is measured in miles.测量
2.A number of measures were taken to alleviate (缓解) the problem.措施
3.Doctors say it is too early to measure the effectiveness of the drug.估量，判定
4.Happiness is the only true measure of personal success.衡量(标准)
维度二　语境拼写练
1.For forty years he has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect (尊重) the life of animals.
2.While some people claim they can predict the future，there is no scientific basis (基础) behind it.
3.The theme (主题) of the lecture is the relationship between people and nature.
4.As we get older, our bodies become less efficient(效率高的) at burning up calories.
5.Besides these tasks, there is going to be some extra work.
6.Exam results are not necessarily a true measure of a student’s abilities.
7.What are the qualities you should find in a great person
8.Different people have different opinions about the problem.
维度三　语法专项练
(一)用关系代词填空
1.The man who/whom/that I met yesterday lent me some money.
2.The person whom you should write to is Mr.Ball.
3.A clock is a machine which tells people the time.
4.Show me the boy whose mother is a well-known singer.
5.This is the person whose story surprised everybody.
6.This is the shirt which/that I bought yesterday.
7.A dictionary is a book which/that gives the meaning.
8.This is the most beautiful park that I have ever visited.
9.Would you like to buy that book whose content is very inspiring
10.The boy who/that broke the window is called Tom.
11.She is the only one of the employees in the company that has received little education.
12.She heard a terrible noise that/which brought her heart into her mouth.
(二)用限制性定语从句补全句子
1.China is a country which/that has a history of more than 5，000 years.
中国是一个拥有5 000多年历史的国家。
2.Those who are confident and optimistic are more likely to achieve their goals.
那些自信和乐观的人更有可能实现他们的目标。
3.We are going to learn some Chinese poems that/which were written in the Tang Dynasty.
我们将学习一些写于唐朝的中国诗歌。
4.Look out! Don’t get too close to the house whose roof is being repaired.
当心！不要太靠近那间正在维修屋顶的房子。
5.Harry Potter is the most interesting story (that) I have ever read.
《哈利·波特》是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Life can bring us down from time to time. At some point，you may find yourself in what you will consider as your darkest hour. As you try to find your way out of that bad situation，you should try to remind yourself that there will always be a reason to be grateful.
If you look at your situation now and compare it with that of someone else who is in much deeper trouble than you，I am sure that you’ll find something to be thankful for. We all have our share of problems，but complaining about them so much only makes us blind to the fact that there are miracles(奇迹) which happen around us each day.
When all your needs are provided，then you should be content and happy. If you have a roof over your head，some proper clothes to wear，enough food on the table，a comfortable place to sleep，clean water to drink and you are free to make your own choices，then you should be happy and grateful. Many people all around the world，especially those who are at war or those in very poor countries，would give anything to be in your shoes.
Even if you lose all your money or possessions and your heart is broken for some reason，as long as you are still alive，then everything you have lost can be regained. If you have a few good friends who will be there to support or help you，then be glad because true friends are hard to find. As long as you have someone to love and someone to love you back，then you are a very fortunate person. Remember to be patient and trust that things will get better.
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。生活中难免会出现不顺利，我们要心存感激，看到光明的前方。
1.What are we told to do when life brings us down
A.To remind ourselves to keep calm.
B.To find a way out of the situation soon.
C.To fight against the bad situation bravely.
D.To know there is something to be grateful for.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... you should try to remind yourself that there will always be a reason to be grateful.”可知，作者说在情况不顺的时候，我们要提醒自己仍有值得感恩的地方。]
2.That we complain about the bad situation only results in .
A.losing others’ support
B.ignoring something good
C.having a far worse situation
D.taking everything for granted
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“but complaining about them so much only makes us blind to the fact that there are miracles(奇迹)”可知，过多的抱怨只会导致我们看不到身边的奇迹。]
3.By saying the underlined part “would give anything to be in your shoes”， the author means many people .
A.really admire your shoes
B.are in a better situation than you
C.would like to be in your situation
D.never know the value of your shoes
答案　C　[句意理解题。画线部分之前都是对“你”的情况的描述，这些都好过许多人，尤其是那些身处战争或贫困中的人，他们会愿意付出一切与你交换。]
4.According to the author，as long as you are still alive， .
A.you should be content and happy
B.what you’ve lost will be back soon
C.you will certainly lead a life you like
D.you will have a chance to get what you’ve lost back
答案　D　[细节理解题。由最后一段中的“...as long as you are still alive，then everything you have lost can be regained.”可知，作者说只要你还活着，你就可能重新获得失去的一切。]
B
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back.That is why some friendships don’t last very long.To have a friend, you must learn to be one.You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts.Friends must be able to trust one another.If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out.If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest you may lose your friend’s trust.Good friends always expect one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and makes a friendship grow.You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes.Instead, you have to learn how to share your ideas and feelings.These can be very valuable to friends.They tell your friends what is important to you.By sharing them, you help your friends know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with problems.Something may go wrong at school.Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve.Turning to a friend for help can be a first step in solving the problem.So to be a friend you must listen and understand.You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are completely alike.But all true friendships have three things in common.If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了交朋友应该学会的三个原则：诚实、慷慨、善解人意。
5.Some friendships don’t last long because .
A.there are too many people who want to make friends
B.some people receive friendship but never give it back
C.they do not know that friendship is something serious
D.those who give others friendship also receive friendship
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Too many people...don’t last very long.”可知，有些友谊不会长久，因为有些人得到友谊却从不回报。]
6.According to the passage, honesty is .
A.something understanding
B.the base of friendship
C.a good way to solve problems
D.more important than money
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Honesty is where a good friendship starts.”可知，诚实是友谊的基础。]
7.In the third paragraph, the underlined word “they” refers to .
A.generosity and friendship
B.generosity and sharing
C.your ideas and feelings
D.your money and clothes
答案　C　[代词指代题。根据画线词上下文可知，你必须学会如何分享你的想法和感受，这些对朋友来说很有价值，你的想法和感受会告诉你的朋友什么对你是重要的。故画线词指的是“你的想法和感受”。]
8.What can be a proper title for the text
A.Honesty Is Most Valuable
B.A Friend In Need Is a Friend Indeed
C.How To Be a Good Friend
D.Three Important Points In Life
答案　C　[标题归纳题。根据第一段中“To have a friend...be understanding.”结合文章说明了很多人在交朋友时，只想要对方的付出友情，而自己却不付出，这样的友谊不会持续太长时间。如何做一个好朋友呢，这篇短文告诉我们应该学会三个原则：诚实、慷慨、善解人意。故C选项“如何成为一个好朋友”最符合文章标题。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
Michael Martinez’s parents have always thought of their son as their little baby, but recently, he also became their 1 ！
Born at 27 weeks, the 7-year-old from Texas has 2 a wheelchair all his life 3 he has cerebral palsy (脑瘫).He’s also got something wrong with one arm.But none of them got in the way when he needed to 4 all his family members’ lives.
One January night, Michael woke up to a strange 5 .Neither he nor his parents had 6 it before.While they didn’t know it then, it was their CO alarm going off for the first time in at least 14 years.Someone had 7 left a gas burner on.
The little boy was scared.He knew something was 8 ， so he found all his courage and crawled (爬) to his parents’ room to 9 them.Thanks to his quick response, all seven of his family 10 ， including his aunt and three cousins, woke up 11 to run outside, where Michael’s mom Angie and her sister began feeling the effects (影响) of CO poisoning (中毒).
Luckily, everyone is 12 now, and they are all proud of their little hero.If you ask Angie, their 13 just goes to show that you should 14 undervalue anyone whose abilities differ from yours.
His family has since received a lot of money from many kind people so they can buy him a power wheelchair.Enjoy that new 15 ， Michael.You’re worthy of it!
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章讲述了身患残疾的男孩Michael成功挽救家人性命的故事。
1.A.child B.leader
C.friend D.hero
答案　D　[根据下文内容可知，Michael最近成功挽救了家人的性命，因此，成为父母的“英雄(hero)”。下文中的“their little hero”也提示本空，属于原词复现。]
2.A.used B.liked
C.made D.studied
答案　A　[解析见下题。]
3.A.unless B.until
C.though D.because
答案　D　[根据下文中的“he has cerebral palsy”可知，“因为(because)”Michael患有脑瘫，所以从出生到现在一直“使用(used)”轮椅。]
4.A.improve B.risk
C.save D.end
答案　C　[根据下文内容可知，Michael最近成功挽救了家人的性命，因此，他身上的残疾并没有妨碍他“救(save)”自己的家人。]
5.A.call B.sound
C.text D.song
答案　B　[解析见下题。]
6.A.seen B.heard
C.felt D.touched
答案　B　[根据下文中的“their CO alarm going off for the first time”可知，Michael被一个奇怪的“声音(sound)”吵醒，他和他的家人之前都没有“听到过(heard)”这个声音。]
7.A.accidentally B.responsibly
C.suddenly D.recently
答案　A　[根据上文中的“their CO alarm going off”可知，有人“不小心(accidentally)”忘了关煤气炉。]
8.A.missing B.possible
C.difficult D.wrong
答案　D　[解析见下题。]
9.A.warn B.stop
C.visit D.examine
答案　A　[根据两空间的“he found all his courage and crawled (爬) to his parents’ room”可知，Michael知道“出事了(something was wrong)”，尽管他很害怕，但还是鼓起所有的勇气爬到父母的房间去“提醒(warn)”他们。]
10.A.pets B.photos
C.members D.rooms
答案　C　[解析见下题。]
11.A.in time B.at first
C.right now D.on purpose
答案　A　[根据上文中的“Thanks to his quick response”和两空间的“including his aunt and three cousins”可知，多亏了Michael的快速反应，他的七名家庭“成员(members)”都得以“及时(in time)”醒过来并跑了出去。]
12.A.free B.fine
C.ready D.curious
答案　B　[根据上文中的“Michael’s mom Angie and her sister began feeling the effects (影响) of CO poisoning (中毒)”和Luckily可知，Michael的妈妈和姨妈当时已经开始受到一氧化碳毒性的影响，幸运的是每个人现在都很“好(fine)”。]
13.A.research B.success
C.report D.story
答案　D　[根据下文中的“show that you...differ from yours”可知，本句在总结Michael成功挽救家人性命这个“故事(story)”所告诉人们的道理。]
14.A.just B.still
C.never D.already
答案　C　[根据下文中的“undervalue anyone whose abilities differ from yours”并结合Michael虽然身患残疾但仍成功挽救家人性命这件事可知，“永远不要(never)”低估那些能力与你不同的人。]
15.A.style B.ride
C.speed D.record
答案　B　[上文中的“power wheelchair”提示本空选择ride。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
From digital devices(设备) to robots，a new generation is providing driving force for innovation(创新). It’s difficult 1. (know) what will be the next big thing to expect from this generation. On video-sharing platform Bilibili，it seems that nothing is 2. (possible). At first，they 3. (complete) did not know each other but were united by a spirit of creativity.
When Bilibili uploader Lin Xiao，nicknamed Linshiqi online，had too many bags to carry，instead of asking someone 4. a hand，the then 18-year-old spent 200 days dealing with 5. problem. He built a robot 6. can follow him wherever he goes and on which he can ride. The robot’s name？Devil!
Uploader He Shijie，known online as Hetongxue，7. (inspire) by a canceled Apple product and invented his own wireless charging desk，which can fill the 8. (battery) of three devices at the same time. The 22-year-old student from the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications posted a 7-minute video in October，which 9. (receive) more than 17 million views by now.
Many Internet users comment that such uploaders prove what Liang Qichao(1873—1929) wrote in his essay Shaonian Zhongguo Shuo(On the Young China) in 1900—Today’s 10. (responsible) lies with the youth. If the youth are wise，the country will be wise... If the youth are strong，the country will be strong.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，主要介绍了新一代的年轻人利用科技创新的事迹。
1.to know　[考查非谓语动词。本句为“It is＋adj. ＋to do sth”的结构，意思是“做某事是……的”。]
2.impossible　[考查词性转换。根据句意并分析句子结构，空处放在is后面作表语用形容词，此处表示“不可能”，用impossible。]
3.completely　[考查词性转换。分析句子可知，空处修饰did not know，用副词completely作状语。]
4.for　[考查介词。ask sb for a hand(向某人求助)是固定短语。]
5.the　[考查冠词。此处problem指前面提到的搬运包裹的问题，用定冠词。]
6.which/that　[考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词robot表示物，关系词用which或者that。]
7.was inspired/had been inspired　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。表示事情发生在过去，用一般过去时；也可强调受启发发生在发明之前，用过去完成时。根据空后的by a canceled Apple product可知，此处要用被动语态。]
8.batteries　[考查名词的数。根据of three devices可知，提到的是三款设备的电池，因此应用复数。]
9.has received　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据本句中的时间状语by now可知，用现在完成时。which指代这个视频，应用单数形式。]
10.responsibility　[考查词性转换。空处放在lies前作主语，应用名词单数形式。]UNIT 3　课时测评作业三
(分值:90分)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【小题夯基】
维度一　语境辨义练(每小题1分,共4分)
measure vt.估量,判定;测量 n.措施;衡量(标准)
1.In the US, distance is measured in miles. 　　　　　
2.A number of measures were taken to alleviate (缓解) the problem. 　　　　　
3.Doctors say it is too early to measure the effectiveness of the drug. 　　　　　
4.Happiness is the only true measure of personal success. 　　　　　
维度二　语境拼写练(每小题1分,共8分)
1.For forty years he has been helping the rest of the world understand and 　　　　　　(尊重) the life of animals.
2.While some people claim they can predict the future,there is no scientific 　　　　　　(基础) behind it.
3.The 　　　　　　(主题) of the lecture is the relationship between people and nature.
4.As we get older, our bodies become less 　　　　　　(效率高的) at burning up calories.
5.Besides these tasks, there is going to be some 　　　　　　work.
6.Exam results are not necessarily a true 　　　　　　　　　　　 of a student’s abilities.
7.What are the 　　　　　　you should find in a great person
8.Different people have different 　　　　　　　　　　　 about the problem.
维度三　语法专项练
(一)用关系代词填空(每小题1.5分,共18分)
1.The man 　　　　　　I met yesterday lent me some money.
2.The person 　　　　　　you should write to is Mr.Ball.
3.A clock is a machine 　　　　　　tells people the time.
4.Show me the boy 　　　　　　mother is a well-known singer.
5.This is the person 　　　　　　story surprised everybody.
6.This is the shirt 　　　　　　I bought yesterday.
7.A dictionary is a book 　　　　　　gives the meaning.
8.This is the most beautiful park 　　　　　　I have ever visited.
9.Would you like to buy that book 　　　　　　content is very inspiring
10.The boy 　　　　　　broke the window is called Tom.
11.She is the only one of the employees in the company 　　　　　　has received little education.
12.She heard a terrible noise 　　　　　　brought her heart into her mouth.
(二)用限制性定语从句补全句子(每小题2分,共10分)
1.China is a country 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
中国是一个拥有5 000多年历史的国家。
2.Those 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
are more likely to achieve their goals.
那些自信和乐观的人更有可能实现他们的目标。
3.We are going to learn some Chinese poems 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　
　　　　　　　　in the Tang Dynasty.
我们将学习一些写于唐朝的中国诗歌。
4.Look out! Don’t get too close to the house 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
当心!不要太靠近那间正在维修屋顶的房子。
5.Harry Potter is the most interesting story 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
《哈利·波特》是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
A
Life can bring us down from time to time. At some point,you may find yourself in what you will consider as your darkest hour. As you try to find your way out of that bad situation,you should try to remind yourself that there will always be a reason to be grateful.
If you look at your situation now and compare it with that of someone else who is in much deeper trouble than you,I am sure that you’ll find something to be thankful for. We all have our share of problems,but complaining about them so much only makes us blind to the fact that there are miracles(奇迹) which happen around us each day.
When all your needs are provided,then you should be content and happy. If you have a roof over your head,some proper clothes to wear,enough food on the table,a comfortable place to sleep,clean water to drink and you are free to make your own choices,then you should be happy and grateful. Many people all around the world,especially those who are at war or those in very poor countries,would give anything to be in your shoes.
Even if you lose all your money or possessions and your heart is broken for some reason,as long as you are still alive,then everything you have lost can be regained. If you have a few good friends who will be there to support or help you,then be glad because true friends are hard to find. As long as you have someone to love and someone to love you back,then you are a very fortunate person. Remember to be patient and trust that things will get better.
1.What are we told to do when life brings us down
To remind ourselves to keep calm.
To find a way out of the situation soon.
To fight against the bad situation bravely.
To know there is something to be grateful for.
2.That we complain about the bad situation only results in 　　　　.
losing others’ support
ignoring something good
having a far worse situation
taking everything for granted
3.By saying the underlined part “would give anything to be in your shoes”, the author means many people 　　　　.
really admire your shoes
are in a better situation than you
would like to be in your situation
never know the value of your shoes
4.According to the author,as long as you are still alive,　　　　.
you should be content and happy
what you’ve lost will be back soon
you will certainly lead a life you like
you will have a chance to get what you’ve lost back
B
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back.That is why some friendships don’t last very long.To have a friend, you must learn to be one.You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.
　　Honesty is where a good friendship starts.Friends must be able to trust one another.If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out.If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest you may lose your friend’s trust.Good friends always expect one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and makes a friendship grow.You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes.Instead, you have to learn how to share your ideas and feelings.These can be very valuable to friends.They tell your friends what is important to you.By sharing them, you help your friends know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with problems.Something may go wrong at school.Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve.Turning to a friend for help can be a first step in solving the problem.So to be a friend you must listen and understand.You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are completely alike.But all true friendships have three things in common.If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.
5.Some friendships don’t last long because 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
there are too many people who want to make friends
some people receive friendship but never give it back
they do not know that friendship is something serious
those who give others friendship also receive friendship
6.According to the passage, honesty is 　　　　.
something understanding
the base of friendship
a good way to solve problems
more important than money
7.In the third paragraph, the underlined word “they” refers to 　　　　.
generosity and friendship
generosity and sharing
your ideas and feelings
your money and clothes
8.What can be a proper title for the text
Honesty Is Most Valuable
A Friend In Need Is a Friend Indeed
How To Be a Good Friend
Three Important Points In Life
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
Michael Martinez’s parents have always thought of their son as their little baby, but recently, he also became their 　1　!
Born at 27 weeks, the 7-year-old from Texas has 　2　 a wheelchair all his life 　3　 he has cerebral palsy (脑瘫).He’s also got something wrong with one arm.But none of them got in the way when he needed to 　4　 all his family members’ lives.
　　One January night, Michael woke up to a strange 　5　.Neither he nor his parents had 　6　 it before.While they didn’t know it then, it was their CO alarm going off for the first time in at least 14 years.Someone had 　7　 left a gas burner on.
The little boy was scared.He knew something was 　8　, so he found all his courage and crawled (爬) to his parents’ room to 　9　 them.Thanks to his quick response, all seven of his family 　10　, including his aunt and three cousins, woke up 　11　 to run outside, where Michael’s mom Angie and her sister began feeling the effects (影响) of CO poisoning (中毒).
Luckily, everyone is 　12　 now, and they are all proud of their little hero.If you ask Angie, their 　13　 just goes to show that you should 　14　 undervalue anyone whose abilities differ from yours.
His family has since received a lot of money from many kind people so they can buy him a power wheelchair.Enjoy that new 　15　, Michael.You’re worthy of it!
1.child leader
friend hero
2.used liked
made studied
3.unless until
though because
4.improve risk
save end
5.call sound
text song
6.seen heard
felt touched
7.accidentally responsibly
suddenly recently
8.missing possible
difficult wrong
9.warn stop
visit examine
10.pets photos
members rooms
11.in time at first
right now on purpose
12.free fine
ready curious
13.research success
report story
14.just still
never already
15.style ride
speed record
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
From digital devices(设备) to robots,a new generation is providing driving force for innovation(创新). It’s difficult 1.　　　　　　(know) what will be the next big thing to expect from this generation. On video-sharing platform Bilibili,it seems that nothing is 2.　　　　　　(possible). At first,they 3.　　　　　　(complete) did not know each other but were united by a spirit of creativity.
When Bilibili uploader Lin Xiao,nicknamed Linshiqi online,had too many bags to carry,instead of asking someone 4.　　　　　　 a hand,the then 18-year-old spent 200 days dealing with 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 problem. He built a robot 6.　　　　　　 can follow him wherever he goes and on which he can ride. The robot’s name Devil!
Uploader He Shijie,known online as Hetongxue,7.　　　　　　(inspire) by a canceled Apple product and invented his own wireless charging desk,which can fill the 8.　　　　　　(battery) of three devices at the same time. The 22-year-old student from the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications posted a 7-minute video in October,which 9.　　　　　　 (receive) more than 17 million views by now.
Many Internet users comment that such uploaders prove what Liang Qichao(1873—1929) wrote in his essay Shaonian Zhongguo Shuo(On the Young China) in 1900—Today’s 10.　　　　　　　　　　　 (responsible) lies with the youth. If the youth are wise,the country will be wise... If the youth are strong,the country will be strong.UNIT 3　课时测评作业四　
【小题夯基】
维度一　语境辨义练
failure n.失败；失败的人或事；故障；衰竭；未履行
1.Failure is the mother of success.失败
2.The marriage was a failure and they both wanted to be free of it.失败的事
3.Elgar received many honors and much acclaim and yet he often considered himself a failure.失败的人
4.There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine failures.故障
5.She was disappointed with her best friend’s failure to support her when she was in trouble.未履行
6.Eating weight-loss pills caused Amy’s liver failure.衰竭
维度二　语境拼写练
1.The children have been a great comfort (安慰) to me through all of this.
2.It took me a long time to thread my way through the crowd (人群).
3.He liked to walk too，so we kept each other’s company(陪伴).
4.I recognized(认出) him as soon as I saw him in the street.
5.The success or failure(失败) of the plan depends on you.
6.The cat felt curious when she saw her own reflection (映像) in the mirror.
7.It can be of benefit (益处) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
8.The storm is thought to be responsible for as many as four deaths(死亡).
9.We sought(寻找) an answer to the question，but couldn’t find one.
10.The mother escaped(逃脱) from the burning house with her baby.
维度三　固定用法练
1.My mother made a nice dress to my measure last week.
2.We must try our best to seek out a solution to the problem.
3.The bus was so crowded (crowd) that nobody could move.
4.He managed to escape from the burning car.
5.At last the man decided to pay a visit to the old man in person.
6.The dress really brings out the colour of your eyes.
7.The engineer has done something admirable (admire) in this field.
8.As a respectable (respect) teacher，he is very patient with his students.
9.The company will start a project beneficial (benefit) to the poor students.
10.Usually a child’s behaviour is a reflection (reflect) of his/her family environment.
维度四　写作提升练
利用本课时所学知识补全短文并尝试背诵
Although we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, social life is also important to us.1.We can benefit a lot from close friendships(我们可以从亲密的友谊中获益很多).
2.First, close friendship may comfort our hearts (亲密的友谊能抚慰我们的心灵).With true friends, we feel free to 3.share our joy and sadness in full measure(最大限度地分享我们的欢乐和悲伤). Second, we can achieve a better understanding and judgement 4.through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends(通过与善意和明智的朋友交谈). Third, friends may help us in many different ways.There are so many things in life that can only be achieved 5.with the help of friends(在朋友的帮助下). Finally, it should be pointed out that 6.enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends (享受一群人的陪伴并不等于有朋友相伴).We should carefully choose friends and develop friendships cautiously.
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
People generally consider that friendship is reciprocal(相互的).But when we analyzed self-reported relationship surveys, we found that only about half of friendships are indeed reciprocal.These findings indicate a profound inability of people to know who their friends are.
This may seem like an interesting but minor finding, but this kind of asymmetric(不对称的) friendships has a major effect on the ability of an individual to convince others to cooperate or change their behavior.That’s because success depends on the ability to recruit friends to help at important times—in the spread of new behaviors, new ideas, and new methods.
Moreover, in recent years peer-support programs have become highly effective ways to make use of peer influence to support behavioral change of employees.One specific type of peer-support program is the “buddy system”.In this program, individuals are paired with another person(a buddy)with the responsibility of supporting them to change their behavior.
But our findings suggest that this misperception(错误认知) of friendships significantly limits the efforts buddy systems make to promote a behavioral change.What’s more, we’ve found that which way friendship is perceived between two people is also a factor.For example, we found that when a one-way friendship tie exists from the buddy(the person applying peer pressure) to the subject (the person receiving the pressure), programs were more effective than when friendship tie was from the subject to the buddy.While it is best to have a reciprocal friendship, having a buddy who thinks of their subject as a friend is the next best relationship.
To overcome this limitation, we can’t rely on how the subject perceives the relationship with the buddy to create effectiveness.If we want to design a program, two simple findings can be applied to achieve behavioral change more effectively.The first is that we shouldn’t start by focusing on people who “know everyone” in the organization.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，介绍了不对称的友谊会影响我们去改变他人行为的能力以及如何利用友谊帮助他人改变行为习惯。
1.What does the underlined word “recruit” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.inform B.gather
C.persuade D.employ
答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“but this kind of...at important times”中because可知，前后句有因果关系，两句中“the ability of an individual to convince others to cooperate”和“the ability to recruit friends to help”表达了同样的意思，所以recruit与convince(说服)同义，也与C项persuade(说服)同义，故选C项。]
2.Which of the following findings of the “buddy system” program is TRUE
A.The wrong cognition of friendship restricts a behavioral change.
B.The way friendship is perceived makes no difference in the program.
C.Having a buddy who thinks of their subject as a friend is the best relationship.
D.If the friendship tie was from the subject to the buddy, programs were more effective.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第四段首句“But our findings suggest...a behavioral change.”可知，对友谊的错误认识限制了行为上的改变，故选A项。]
3.While designing a program, we should .
A.pair individuals with another person
B.avoid involving those familiar with everyone
C.rely on how the subject perceives the relationship
D.consider people with a lot of social ties as influencers
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“If we want to...in the organization.”可知，设计项目时，应避开那种与所有人熟悉的人，故选B项。]
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.What Influences Our Friendship
B.How Does Buddy System Work
C.What Determines Behavioral Change
D.How Does Friendship Change Behaviour
答案　D　[标题判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲友谊并不总是双向的，这种不对称的友谊会影响我们去改变他人行为的能力，文章通过列举“buddy system”来告诉我们什么样的友谊关系才能更利于我们去帮助他人改变行为习惯，告诉我们如何用友谊去改变行为习惯，故选D项。]
B
It’s often said that the rise of social media has revolutionized (彻底改变) communication.With smartphones and social networking apps，we can write to our family and friends whenever we like.But while social media has brought us convenience，it also has its problems，such as misunderstandings in communication.
Quite often，people misunderstand what’s written on social media.According to a story published on The Conversation on March 8，sarcasm (讽刺)，in particular，can be very difficult to notice in a written message.
Sarcasm is a kind of irony (反语)：It’s when we say something，but really mean the opposite.For example，a message from a friend the day before a math exam that says “I’m so looking forward to tomorrow！” is obviously sarcasm.
Sarcasm before the rise of social media and mobile phones was mostly used in speech and face to face.That made sarcasm easier，because you could accompany your words with a facial gesture and a tone (语气) of voice that would help others get your message.You had a good chance of being understood and receiving a laugh or an understanding glance.
And yet when we text or write something online，a lot of that information goes missing.“There are no facial hints，no tones or maybe even a delayed response if a person can’t text you back immediately，”wrote The Conversation.“And if you don’t know the person all that well，there goes your last possible hint：history.”
To help avoid misunderstandings，people who use platforms such as Twitter often include the hashtag sarcasm—although this is like having to explain a joke when people don’t laugh at it，which destroys the point of sarcasm in the first place.
And it isn’t only sarcasm that can get lost in electronic communications.It’s also hard to notice things such as indifference (冷漠).
“One of the problems with digital communication，when it relies purely on text，is that this sucks (抽离) the empathy (情感共鸣) out of the communication.So it can lead to miscommunication，” linguist Vyv Evans，author of The Emoji Code，told USA Today.“This is where emojis come into their own.They put the body language back，so people can better read emotional intent (目的).”
However，even though there are hundreds of different emojis (表情符号) to choose from，there’s still no replacement for good old-fashioned face-to-face communication.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章指出虽然社交媒体给我们的生活带来了便利，但也有一些问题，比如交流中产生误解。
5.What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean according to the context
A.They can’t wait to take the exam.
B.They are well-prepared for the exam.
C.They’re not looking forward to taking the exam at all.
D.The exam might be too difficult for them.
答案　C　[句意理解题。根据第三段中的第一句可知，因为讽刺是一种反语，所以可推测出画线句子真正想表达的意思是：我不期待明天的考试。]
6.What might lead to the words we write online being misunderstood，according to The Conversation
A.The use of new Internet words and phrases.
B.The complicated relationship between people.
C.The absence of facial expressions and tones.
D.Responding to other people too quickly.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“There are no facial hints...text you back immediately，”可知，没有面部表情和语调都可能对网上交流造成误解。]
7.What does Vyv Evans think is a possible way to avoid miscommunication online
A.Using emojis，as they can display body language.
B.Expressing fewer personal feelings.
C.Sending voice messages instead of text messages.
D.Using a hashtag before making jokes.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，数字通信中存在的问题可以用表情符号来解决。]
8.What is the article mainly about
A.The convenience of online communication.
B.Some misunderstandings that come with digital communication.
C.A good replacement for face-to-face communication.
D.Some reasons for the popularity of emojis.
答案　B　[文章大意题。根据文章第一段尾句，文章开篇点明主题。文章主要是在讲解社交媒体中存在误解这个问题。]
C
When you set a foot outside of your door to drop trash，go to a social event or go for a walk，thoughts like “I hope I don’t see anyone I know” or “please don’t talk to me” may run through your mind. I’ve also said such things to myself. Sometimes the last thing you want to do is talk with someone，especially someone new.
Why do we go out of our ways to avoid people？Do we think meeting new people is a waste of time？Or are we just lazy，thinking that meeting someone new really is a trouble
Communication is the key to life. We have been told that many times. Take the past generations，like our parents，for example. They seem to take full advantage of that whole “communication” idea because they grew up talking face to face while Generation-Y grew up staring at screens. We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people that we don’t have the courage to actually do in reality.
Nowadays，we are so caught up in our little circle of friends—our comfort zone. We love it that they laugh at our jokes，understand our feelings and can read our minds. Most importantly，they know when we want to be alone. They just get us.
Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don’t actually believe and being someone you think they want you to be—it is，as I said before，a trouble. It takes up so much energy，and at some point or another，it is too tiring.
But meeting new people is important. Life is too short，so meet all the people you can meet，make the effort to go out and laugh. Remember，every “hello” leads to a smile—and a smile is worth a lot.
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文，文章主要讲了如今年轻一代人总是依靠互联网进行社交活动，却不愿意在真实的世界中与人交往，作者鼓励人们在现实世界中结识新朋友。
9.What do we learn about the author
A.He likes to be alone.
B.He feels stressed out lately.
C.He’s active in attending social events.
D.He’s afraid of talking to others at times.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“I’ve also said such...someone，especially someone new.”可知，作者有时害怕和别人说话。]
10.What’s the problem of Generation-Y in the author’s eyes
A.They rely on the Internet to socialize.
B.They are less confident in themselves.
C.They have difficulty in communicating.
D.They are unwilling to make new friends.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We send messages...do in reality.”可推断出，在作者看来，年轻一代的问题是他们依靠互联网进行社交活动。]
11.Why do many young people avoid meeting new people
A.They think it troublesome.
B.They are busy with their study.
C.They fear to disappoint their old friends.
D.They want to take time to do meaningful work.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，许多年轻人不愿结识新朋友是因为他们认为这很麻烦。]
12.Why does the author write the text
A.To tell about the importance of friends.
B.To give tips on how to meet new people.
C.To encourage people to meet new people.
D.To introduce the disadvantages of Generation-Y.
答案　C　[写作意图题。根据最后一段内容可推断出，作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们结识新朋友。]
Ⅱ.七选五
When I was young，my friends and I often played baseball in an alley behind our home.A woman named Mrs Shinas owned a tiny house nearby，and she used to watch us play from her window. 1 We all thought that she was mean.
She had a big trained dog and whenever one of our baseballs rolled in its direction，Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it. 2 Soon we ran out of balls.
In those days，I used to water our lawn each day.One day as I stood watering our small lawn，I noticed that Mrs Shinas’ lawn looked a little dry.It took only a few more minutes to water it，so I did it. 3
When autumn came that year，I also helped gather up the leaves on Mrs Shinas’ yard.As I was doing this one day，she invited me to sit in her living room.She gave me a cookie and a glass of milk.As I sat there eating the cookie，she showed me her collection of paintings. 4 That amazed me a lot.It was the first conversation I had ever had with her.
5 She went into her kitchen and returned with a box.In it were all the balls that her dog had taken.She handed me the box，said “thank you” and smiled.I realized she had a kind heart.I also learned that when we serve others，we are showing them that we love them.
A.We wanted to buy a new ball.
B.But the dog wouldn’t return the ball to us.
C.Her next action even changed my opinion of her.
D.Then she thanked me for taking care of her lawn.
E.Soon I found myself watering her lawn each day.
F.She rarely came out of her house and never smiled.
G.What delighted me most was that she was a great painter.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者回忆了小时候与Shinas女士之间发生的故事；作者起初认为她很刻薄，后来通过一些事情发现她是个很好的人。
1.F　[根据下文的“We all thought that she was mean.(我们都认为她很刻薄。)”可知，空处应该是对这个女士的描述，说明大家认为她很刻薄的原因。故F项切题。]
2.B　[根据上文的“...Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it.”和下文的“Soon we ran out of balls.”可知，空处说明了“我们的球很快用完了。”的原因，故B项切题。]
3.E　[根据上文的“It took only a few more minutes to water it，so I did it.”以及下文女士邀请作者去她家里做客并表示感谢可知，作者每天都给Shinas女士的草坪浇水，故E项切题。]
4.D　[前文已经提到过作者认为她很刻薄，根据下文的“That amazed me a lot.”可知，空处应该说的是让作者吃惊的原因，故D项切题。]
5.C　[根据下文的“She handed me the box，said ‘thank you’ and smiled.I realized she had a kind heart.”可知，这些都是在说作者对于那位女士看法的改变。故C项切题。]UNIT 3　课时测评作业四
(分值:85.5分)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　【小题夯基】
维度一　语境辨义练(每小题1分,共6分)
(
failure
n
.
失败
;
失败的人或事
;
故障
;
衰竭
;
未履行
)
1.Failure is the mother of success. 　　　　　
2.The marriage was a failure and they both wanted to be free of it. 　　　　　
3.Elgar received many honors and much acclaim and yet he often considered himself a failure. 　　　　　
4.There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine failures. 　　　　　
5.She was disappointed with her best friend’s failure to support her when she was in trouble. 　　　　　
6.Eating weight-loss pills caused Amy’s liver failure. 　　　　　
维度二　语境拼写练(每小题1分,共10分)
1.The children have been a great 　　　　　　　　　　　 (安慰) to me through all of this.
2.It took me a long time to thread my way through the 　　　　　　(人群).
3.He liked to walk too,so we kept each other’s 　　　　　　(陪伴).
4.I 　　　　　　(认出) him as soon as I saw him in the street.
5.The success or 　　　　　　(失败) of the plan depends on you.
6.The cat felt curious when she saw her own 　　　　　　(映像) in the mirror.
7.It can be of 　　　　　　(益处) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
8.The storm is thought to be responsible for as many as four 　　　　　　(死亡).
9.We 　　　　　　(寻找) an answer to the question,but couldn’t find one.
10.The mother 　　　　　　(逃脱) from the burning house with her baby.
维度三　固定用法练(每小题1.5分,共15分)
1.My mother made a nice dress 　　　　　　my measure last week.
2.We must try our best to seek 　　　　　　a solution to the problem.
3.The bus was so 　　　　　　(crowd) that nobody could move.
4.He managed to escape 　　　　　　　　　　　　the burning car.
5.At last the man decided to pay a visit to the old man 　　　　　　person.
6.The dress really brings 　　　　　　the colour of your eyes.
7.The engineer has done something 　　　　　　(admire) in this field.
8.As a 　　　　　　(respect) teacher,he is very patient with his students.
9.The company will start a project 　　　　　　(benefit) to the poor students.
10.Usually a child’s behaviour is a 　　　　　　(reflect) of his/her family environment.
维度四　写作提升练(每小题2分,共12分)
利用本课时所学知识补全短文并尝试背诵
Although we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, social life is also important to us.1.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 (我们可以从亲密的友谊中获益很多). 2.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 (亲密的友谊能抚慰我们的心灵).With true friends, we feel free to 3.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(最大限度地分享我们的欢乐和悲伤). Second, we can achieve a better understanding and judgement 4.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 (通过与善意和明智的朋友交谈). Third, friends may help us in many different ways.There are so many things in life that can only be achieved 5.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　(在朋友的帮助下). Finally, it should be pointed out that 6.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
(享受一群人的陪伴并不等于有朋友相伴).We should carefully choose friends and develop friendships cautiously.
【大题提能】
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共30分)
A
People generally consider that friendship is reciprocal(相互的).But when we analyzed self-reported relationship surveys, we found that only about half of friendships are indeed reciprocal.These findings indicate a profound inability of people to know who their friends are.
This may seem like an interesting but minor finding, but this kind of asymmetric(不对称的) friendships has a major effect on the ability of an individual to convince others to cooperate or change their behavior.That’s because success depends on the ability to recruit friends to help at important times—in the spread of new behaviors, new ideas, and new methods.
Moreover, in recent years peer-support programs have become highly effective ways to make use of peer influence to support behavioral change of employees.One specific type of peer-support program is the “buddy system”.In this program, individuals are paired with another person(a buddy)with the responsibility of supporting them to change their behavior.
But our findings suggest that this misperception(错误认知) of friendships significantly limits the efforts buddy systems make to promote a behavioral change.What’s more, we’ve found that which way friendship is perceived between two people is also a factor.For example, we found that when a one-way friendship tie exists from the buddy(the person applying peer pressure) to the subject (the person receiving the pressure), programs were more effective than when friendship tie was from the subject to the buddy.While it is best to have a reciprocal friendship, having a buddy who thinks of their subject as a friend is the next best relationship.
To overcome this limitation, we can’t rely on how the subject perceives the relationship with the buddy to create effectiveness.If we want to design a program, two simple findings can be applied to achieve behavioral change more effectively.The first is that we shouldn’t start by focusing on people who “know everyone” in the organization.
1.What does the underlined word “recruit” in Paragraph 2 mean
inform gather
persuade employ
2.Which of the following findings of the “buddy system” program is TRUE
The wrong cognition of friendship restricts a behavioral change.
The way friendship is perceived makes no difference in the program.
Having a buddy who thinks of their subject as a friend is the best relationship.
If the friendship tie was from the subject to the buddy, programs were more effective.
3.While designing a program, we should 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
pair individuals with another person
avoid involving those familiar with everyone
rely on how the subject perceives the relationship
consider people with a lot of social ties as influencers
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
What Influences Our Friendship
How Does Buddy System Work
What Determines Behavioral Change
How Does Friendship Change Behaviour
B
It’s often said that the rise of social media has revolutionized (彻底改变) communication.With smartphones and social networking apps,we can write to our family and friends whenever we like.But while social media has brought us convenience,it also has its problems,such as misunderstandings in communication.
Quite often,people misunderstand what’s written on social media.According to a story published on The Conversation on March 8,sarcasm (讽刺),in particular,can be very difficult to notice in a written message.
Sarcasm is a kind of irony (反语):It’s when we say something,but really mean the opposite.For example,a message from a friend the day before a math exam that says “I’m so looking forward to tomorrow!” is obviously sarcasm.
Sarcasm before the rise of social media and mobile phones was mostly used in speech and face to face.That made sarcasm easier,because you could accompany your words with a facial gesture and a tone (语气) of voice that would help others get your message.You had a good chance of being understood and receiving a laugh or an understanding glance.
And yet when we text or write something online,a lot of that information goes missing.“There are no facial hints,no tones or maybe even a delayed response if a person can’t text you back immediately,”wrote The Conversation.“And if you don’t know the person all that well,there goes your last possible hint:history.”
To help avoid misunderstandings,people who use platforms such as Twitter often include the hashtag sarcasm—although this is like having to explain a joke when people don’t laugh at it,which destroys the point of sarcasm in the first place.
And it isn’t only sarcasm that can get lost in electronic communications.It’s also hard to notice things such as indifference (冷漠).
“One of the problems with digital communication,when it relies purely on text,is that this sucks (抽离) the empathy (情感共鸣) out of the communication.So it can lead to miscommunication,” linguist Vyv Evans,author of The Emoji Code,told USA Today.“This is where emojis come into their own.They put the body language back,so people can better read emotional intent (目的).”
However,even though there are hundreds of different emojis (表情符号) to choose from,there’s still no replacement for good old-fashioned face-to-face communication.
5.What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean according to the context
They can’t wait to take the exam.
They are well-prepared for the exam.
They’re not looking forward to taking the exam at all.
The exam might be too difficult for them.
6.What might lead to the words we write online being misunderstood,according to The Conversation
The use of new Internet words and phrases.
The complicated relationship between people.
The absence of facial expressions and tones.
Responding to other people too quickly.
7.What does Vyv Evans think is a possible way to avoid miscommunication online
Using emojis,as they can display body language.
Expressing fewer personal feelings.
Sending voice messages instead of text messages.
Using a hashtag before making jokes.
8.What is the article mainly about
The convenience of online communication.
Some misunderstandings that come with digital communication.
A good replacement for face-to-face communication.
Some reasons for the popularity of emojis.
C
When you set a foot outside of your door to drop trash,go to a social event or go for a walk,thoughts like “I hope I don’t see anyone I know” or “please don’t talk to me” may run through your mind. I’ve also said such things to myself. Sometimes the last thing you want to do is talk with someone,especially someone new.
Why do we go out of our ways to avoid people Do we think meeting new people is a waste of time Or are we just lazy,thinking that meeting someone new really is a trouble
Communication is the key to life. We have been told that many times. Take the past generations,like our parents,for example. They seem to take full advantage of that whole “communication” idea because they grew up talking face to face while Generation-Y grew up staring at screens. We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people that we don’t have the courage to actually do in reality.
Nowadays,we are so caught up in our little circle of friends—our comfort zone. We love it that they laugh at our jokes,understand our feelings and can read our minds. Most importantly,they know when we want to be alone. They just get us.
Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don’t actually believe and being someone you think they want you to be—it is,as I said before,a trouble. It takes up so much energy,and at some point or another,it is too tiring.
But meeting new people is important. Life is too short,so meet all the people you can meet,make the effort to go out and laugh. Remember,every “hello” leads to a smile—and a smile is worth a lot.
9.What do we learn about the author
He likes to be alone.
He feels stressed out lately.
He’s active in attending social events.
He’s afraid of talking to others at times.
10.What’s the problem of Generation-Y in the author’s eyes
They rely on the Internet to socialize.
They are less confident in themselves.
They have difficulty in communicating.
They are unwilling to make new friends.
11.Why do many young people avoid meeting new people
They think it troublesome.
They are busy with their study.
They fear to disappoint their old friends.
They want to take time to do meaningful work.
12.Why does the author write the text
To tell about the importance of friends.
To give tips on how to meet new people.
To encourage people to meet new people.
To introduce the disadvantages of Generation-Y.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
When I was young,my friends and I often played baseball in an alley behind our home.A woman named Mrs Shinas owned a tiny house nearby,and she used to watch us play from her window.　1　 We all thought that she was mean.
She had a big trained dog and whenever one of our baseballs rolled in its direction,Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it.　2　 Soon we ran out of balls.
In those days,I used to water our lawn each day.One day as I stood watering our small lawn,I noticed that Mrs Shinas’ lawn looked a little dry.It took only a few more minutes to water it,so I did it.　3　
When autumn came that year,I also helped gather up the leaves on Mrs Shinas’ yard.As I was doing this one day,she invited me to sit in her living room.She gave me a cookie and a glass of milk.As I sat there eating the cookie,she showed me her collection of paintings.　4　 That amazed me a lot.It was the first conversation I had ever had with her.
　5　 She went into her kitchen and returned with a box.In it were all the balls that her dog had taken.She handed me the box,said “thank you” and smiled.I realized she had a kind heart.I also learned that when we serve others,we are showing them that we love them.
A.We wanted to buy a new ball.
B.But the dog wouldn’t return the ball to us.
C.Her next action even changed my opinion of her.
D.Then she thanked me for taking care of her lawn.
E.Soon I found myself watering her lawn each day.
F.She rarely came out of her house and never smiled.
G.What delighted me most was that she was a great painter.
1.　　　　　　
2.　　　　　　
3.　　　　　　
4.　　　　　　
5.　　　　　　UNIT 3　Getting along with others
课时测评作业一　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
We often use the word “friendship” but what does it really mean？What is a close friend？Here is what four people said.
I think a close friend is someone you get on really well with，who helps you when you have problems，who gives you advice，and who always has time for you. I didn’t use to have many close friends when I was at school or at university as I was very shy，but now I have several. They are all women—I think it’s difficult to have a close friend of the opposite sex(异性).
—Marie
I don’t really have any close friends. I know a lot of people but mainly through work，and the kind of social occasions(场合) when we meet are business dinners and evening parties. I think if you come from a really close family，then friends are a bit unnecessary. The little free time I have I prefer to spend with my family.
—Richard
I think a close friend is someone who you’ve known for a long time，and who you still get on with. They probably have similar hobbies to you so you can do things together. I’ve got three close friends who I was at high school with and we often go away together (without our parents of course). We always go camping and somewhere we can go walking，play football and be outside in the open air.
—David
For me close friends are the people you spend your free time with. I go out at weekends with a group of people—there are about seven of us，and I’d say we are all close friends. We also live near each other. I don’t think you can have close friends at a distance(在远处)；you need to be able to see each other often. But I don’t think you need to be doing the same things. I mean I’m at university but none of my friends are.
—Anna
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文中的四人对亲密朋友这个话题发表了各自的看法。
1.What does Richard say about friends
A.It’s hard to make friends at work.
B.They’re less important than family.
C.Friends need to have a lot in common.
D.Women and men can’t be close friends.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据Richard说的“I think if you ...to spend with my family.”可知，他认为朋友没有家人重要。]
2.What does David enjoy
A.Physical activities.
B.Parent-child camp.
C.Going to evening parties.
D.Playing out in the open alone.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据David说的“We always go camping...in the open air.”可知，他热爱体育运动。]
3.What do we know about Anna’s friends
A.They are college students.
B.They are doing the same things.
C.They don’t live far away.
D.They don’t see each other often.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据末段中的“We also live near each other.”可知，Anna的朋友都住得离彼此很近。]
B
On October 27，2021，my friend and I boarded the first flight of our journey from Vancouver Island，to Peru，South America.
Twenty-four hours and four airports later we landed in Cusco，Peru，a city of one million ing from Vancouver Island with only 100 feet above sea level，we knew that we were now at a much higher altitude(海拔)—over 11，000 feet—and needed time to get used to the scarcer oxygen(缺氧) levels! We followed the advice of other travelers and the locals: drink lots of coca leaf tea and rest for a couple of hours before any activity.
We were soon hiking through the ruins and surrounding ancient castles of Cusco.Leaving Cusco the next day，we stopped at the Moray Ruins，which were used for farming by the Incas.Their size and unique design should be considered a lesson in historical engineering skills.This Inca site is one of the least known tourist destinations，but it’s one of the most interesting places to visit.
Arriving in the beautiful Sacred Valley，we stayed at Willka T’ika for the next week.This place is wonderful.We enjoyed delicious vegetarian meals，all made with local produce by loving Quechua people.
You can’t go to Peru without visiting historic Machu Picchu.The “road” up to the ruins is made up of an endless series of switchbacks(急转弯)，resulting in cold sweats.It was worth the ride，though.
It was too soon before we were leaving Peru.We learned the unique history of Inca，Quechua culture，and the farming methods still widely practiced.The best thing we took away returning home to Vancouver Island was how simple and caring the people are and how deeply they love the earth and everyone they meet.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者和朋友的南美洲秘鲁之旅中的见闻和感悟。
4.Why did the author drink lots of coca leaf tea
A.To have a good rest.
B.To follow the local culture.
C.To feel better at a greater height.
D.To avoid getting thirsty on the way.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，为了适应高海拔，作者和朋友遵循了其他旅行者和当地人的建议：喝大量的古柯叶茶。故选C。]
5.What does the author think of the Moray Ruins
A.They’re no longer suitable for farming.
B.They’re known to most travel lovers.
C.They’re not as interesting as expected.
D.They’re an example of creative(有创造力的) engineering.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，他们的形状和独特的设计被视为历史工程技能的一课，与D项(他们是创造性工程的一个典范)意思相等。故选D。]
6.Which can best describe the author’s trip to Machu Picchu
A.Safe but tiring.
B.Risky but worthwhile.
C.Enjoyable and interesting.
D.Comfortable and wonderful.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句可知，作者认为虽然去马丘比丘的路途惊险，但是很值得。故选B。]
7.How does the author’s trip to Peru influence him
A.It encourages him to be more caring.
B.It helps him understand his own culture.
C.It teaches him to accept all the differences.
D.It allows him to experience modern farming.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，这次秘鲁的旅行使作者感受到那里的人们的朴素和体贴以及他们对土地和遇到的每个人的深沉的爱，由此推知，这鼓励他也变得更关爱他人。故选A。]
Ⅱ.七选五
Ways to Build Strong Friendships
Be loyal to a friend.
Part of being a friend is being prepared to devote your time and energy to helping out your friends.If a friend needs help with an unpleasant thing，or if he or she just needs a shoulder to cry on，be there for him or her. 1 This is a good way to attract the kind of friends you want in your life.
2
When you say you’ll do something，do it.When your friend tells you a secret，keep it secret from others.Be someone that people know who they can rely on.If you show this quality to your friends，they will appreciate it and will be reliable in return.
Be a good listener.
Many people think they have to appear very interesting. 3 Listen carefully to what people say，remember important details about them，ask questions about their interests，and take the time to learn more about them.
Stress your good qualities.
Show others what makes you stand out from the crowd.Talk about your interests and hobbies.Everyone has interesting stories to tell—don’t be afraid to share yours. 4 People love to be around someone who makes them laugh.
As you make friends with more people，you may find that some are hard to get along with.Sometimes you may even realize that certain friendships are unhealthy. 5 Cherish those friends who are a positive influence on your life，and do your best to be a positive influence on theirs.
A.Be a reliable friend.
B.Keep your promise to your friend.
C.Besides，a little humour always keeps a conversation light and happy.
D.In this case，walk your way out of the friendship as gracefully as possible.
E.Being a loyal friend will attract other people who value this quality to you.
F.Be respectful of their decisions and share yours with them.
G.Far more important than that，however，is the ability to show that you’re interested in others.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何建立牢固的友谊。
1.E　[根据本段的标题“Be loyal to a friend.”可知，本段的建议是对朋友忠诚，设空处后一句中的关键信息“attract the kind of friends”与E项中的“Being a loyal friend will attract other people”呼应，所以E项符合语境。]
2.A　[设空处为段落标题句，根据该标题下的“Be someone that people know who they can rely on.”可知，本段主要讲做一个可以依靠的人。A项能概括本段中心思想，符合语境。]
3.G　[根据本段标题“Be a good listener.”和设空处后一句可知，本段建议做一个好的倾听者，G项中的“interested in others”与后面列举的对说话人感兴趣的表现呼应。]
4.C　[根据设空处后的“People love to be around someone who makes them laugh.”可知，人们喜欢与能让他们笑的人在一起。C项中的“a little humour always keeps a conversation light and happy”与“makes them laugh”呼应。]
5.D　[根据前面的“Sometimes you may even realize that certain friendships are unhealthy.”中的关键词“unhealthy”可知，此处应指遇到不健康的友谊怎么办，D项符合语境。]UNIT 3　课时测评作业一
(分值:30分)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共17.5分)
A
We often use the word “friendship” but what does it really mean What is a close friend Here is what four people said.
I think a close friend is someone you get on really well with,who helps you when you have problems,who gives you advice,and who always has time for you. I didn’t use to have many close friends when I was at school or at university as I was very shy,but now I have several. They are all women—I think it’s difficult to have a close friend of the opposite sex(异性).
—Marie
I don’t really have any close friends. I know a lot of people but mainly through work,and the kind of social occasions(场合) when we meet are business dinners and evening parties. I think if you come from a really close family,then friends are a bit unnecessary. The little free time I have I prefer to spend with my family.
—Richard
I think a close friend is someone who you’ve known for a long time,and who you still get on with. They probably have similar hobbies to you so you can do things together. I’ve got three close friends who I was at high school with and we often go away together (without our parents of course). We always go camping and somewhere we can go walking,play football and be outside in the open air.
—David
For me close friends are the people you spend your free time with. I go out at weekends with a group of people—there are about seven of us,and I’d say we are all close friends. We also live near each other. I don’t think you can have close friends at a distance(在远处);you need to be able to see each other often. But I don’t think you need to be doing the same things. I mean I’m at university but none of my friends are.
—Anna
1.What does Richard say about friends
It’s hard to make friends at work.
They’re less important than family.
Friends need to have a lot in common.
Women and men can’t be close friends.
2.What does David enjoy
Physical activities.
Parent-child camp.
Going to evening parties.
Playing out in the open alone.
3.What do we know about Anna’s friends
They are college students.
They are doing the same things.
They don’t live far away.
They don’t see each other often.
B
On October 27,2021,my friend and I boarded the first flight of our journey from Vancouver Island,to Peru,South America.
Twenty-four hours and four airports later we landed in Cusco,Peru,a city of one million ing from Vancouver Island with only 100 feet above sea level,we knew that we were now at a much higher altitude(海拔)—over 11,000 feet—and needed time to get used to the scarcer oxygen(缺氧) levels! We followed the advice of other travelers and the locals: drink lots of coca leaf tea and rest for a couple of hours before any activity.
We were soon hiking through the ruins and surrounding ancient castles of Cusco.Leaving Cusco the next day,we stopped at the Moray Ruins,which were used for farming by the Incas.Their size and unique design should be considered a lesson in historical engineering skills.This Inca site is one of the least known tourist destinations,but it’s one of the most interesting places to visit.
Arriving in the beautiful Sacred Valley,we stayed at Willka T’ika for the next week.This place is wonderful.We enjoyed delicious vegetarian meals,all made with local produce by loving Quechua people.
You can’t go to Peru without visiting historic Machu Picchu.The “road” up to the ruins is made up of an endless series of switchbacks(急转弯),resulting in cold sweats.It was worth the ride,though.
It was too soon before we were leaving Peru.We learned the unique history of Inca,Quechua culture,and the farming methods still widely practiced.The best thing we took away returning home to Vancouver Island was how simple and caring the people are and how deeply they love the earth and everyone they meet.
4.Why did the author drink lots of coca leaf tea
To have a good rest.
To follow the local culture.
To feel better at a greater height.
To avoid getting thirsty on the way.
5.What does the author think of the Moray Ruins
They’re no longer suitable for farming.
They’re known to most travel lovers.
They’re not as interesting as expected.
They’re an example of creative(有创造力的) engineering.
6.Which can best describe the author’s trip to Machu Picchu
Safe but tiring.
Risky but worthwhile.
Enjoyable and interesting.
Comfortable and wonderful.
7.How does the author’s trip to Peru influence him
It encourages him to be more caring.
It helps him understand his own culture.
It teaches him to accept all the differences.
It allows him to experience modern farming.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
Ways to Build Strong Friendships
Be loyal to a friend.
Part of being a friend is being prepared to devote your time and energy to helping out your friends.If a friend needs help with an unpleasant thing,or if he or she just needs a shoulder to cry on,be there for him or her.　1　This is a good way to attract the kind of friends you want in your life.
　2　
When you say you’ll do something,do it.When your friend tells you a secret,keep it secret from others.Be someone that people know who they can rely on.If you show this quality to your friends,they will appreciate it and will be reliable in return.
Be a good listener.
Many people think they have to appear very interesting.　3　Listen carefully to what people say,remember important details about them,ask questions about their interests,and take the time to learn more about them.
Stress your good qualities.
Show others what makes you stand out from the crowd.Talk about your interests and hobbies.Everyone has interesting stories to tell—don’t be afraid to share yours.　4　People love to be around someone who makes them laugh.
As you make friends with more people,you may find that some are hard to get along with.Sometimes you may even realize that certain friendships are unhealthy.　5　Cherish those friends who are a positive influence on your life,and do your best to be a positive influence on theirs.
A.Be a reliable friend.
B.Keep your promise to your friend.
C.Besides,a little humour always keeps a conversation light and happy.
D.In this case,walk your way out of the friendship as gracefully as possible.
E.Being a loyal friend will attract other people who value this quality to you.
F.Be respectful of their decisions and share yours with them.
G.Far more important than that,however,is the ability to show that you’re interested in others.
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