2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）
第03辑（开学考试专辑）
专题03阅读理解七选五20篇 原卷版
（24-25高三上·广东·开学考试）The Path of Diligence (勤奋)
Undoubtedly, diligence is one of the key factors in achieving success. While students are often encouraged to work hard at their academics, they may lack the right methods and a positive mindset. 1 .
Set clear goals
To succeed academically, it’s crucial to set clear goals. 2 . Clear goals stimulate motivation, enabling you to organize your time more effectively. Moreover, setting short-term and long-term goals provides a clear sense of direction in your academic journey.
Create plans and schedules
3 . Break tasks into manageable steps, establish achievable daily plans, ensure adequate rest time, and avoid overexertion (用力过度). Properly planning your time to balance study and relaxation contributes to learning efficiency.
Foster self-discipline
Learning to control yourself and maintaining discipline are keys to cultivating diligence. Establishing regular sleep patterns, minimizing irrelevant social activities, and concentrating on academic tasks are essential components of self-discipline. Consistently practicing these habits allows you to effectively tackle academic challenges.
4
Challenges are unavoidable during the learning process. Diligent students seek assistance from teachers, peers, or professional tutors when needed. Additionally, accepting feedback (反馈) and continuously refining your study methods and skills are crucial.
Maintain a positive mindset
Maintaining a positive mindset is crucial when facing difficulties and challenges. Believe in your abilities, view problems as opportunities, and approach academic challenges with optimism. 5 .
A. Seek help and feedback
B. Look for help and lend a hand
C. It could be a goal you desire to achieve or your friend suggests
D. Here are suggestions to help you build habits and succeed academically
E. To maintain diligence, creating reasonable study plans and schedules is vital
F. These could be weekly study goals, semester-end targets, or long-term academic goals
G. A positive mindset reduces academic stress and boosts confidence in overcoming difficulties
（24-25高三上·山西·开学考试）Ways to Make Studying More Fun
The “S” word draws various responses from teenagers. Some students are eager to dive in and tackle the books. 6 Regardless of your attitude to studying, one thing is for sure — it has to be done. So why not look at how you can make the process more enjoyable
·Try hands-on learning. Consider going on a field trip to experience the topic first-hand. For example, if you’re studying marine biology, you can take a trip to the aquarium (水族馆). 7 If it’s math you’re trying to make sense of, talk with a structural engineer about how they figure out the load of a structure.
· 8 Getting together with a friend or a group of classmates can help you learn new study techniques while still getting a few laughs. Try having a debate about a topic you’re trying to learn. With a larger group, you can test each other’s knowledge by making quizzes and creating true or false mini-tests.
·Break it up. Plan scheduled study breaks every hour and take part in an activity you enjoy. 9 Before you take a break, write down what you have learned during your study time and add to this list each time you take a break.
·Leave the house. Study at your favorite coffee shop or bookstore. If the weather is nice, head to a park or the beach. If you’re a mover, hit the pavement for a run and listen to a podcast (播客) that covers the topic you’re studying, or grab a friend and quiz each other while you run. 10
A. Assess study skills.
B. Study with a partner.
C. Others have perfected the art of avoidance.
D. Go for a quick walk, talk with a friend or eat a snack.
E. Some of your best thoughts come when you’re moving your body.
F. You can spend several hours studying and then review your progress.
G. History students can go and check out one of the places mentioned in the book.
（24-25高三上·全国·开学考试）The Power of Reading in High School
In high school, reading is not just about passing exams or fulfilling assignments. It’s a gateway to new ideas, cultures, and perspectives. Here’s why reading should be a central part of your high school experience.
Firstly, 11 . By reading diverse texts, students can broaden their horizons and understand the complexities of the world. Whether it’s a novel set in a foreign country or an essay discussing social issues, reading allows students to gain insights into different cultures and viewpoints.
Secondly, reading improves critical thinking skills. 12 . They learn to analyze arguments, evaluate evidence, and form their own opinions. This is essential for success in both academic and professional life.
Thirdly, reading can enhance creativity. 13 . Authors often use unique language and imagery to convey their ideas, which can inspire readers to think creatively and come up with new ideas.
Moreover, reading is a great way to relax and destress. 14 . After a long day of classes and homework, picking up a good book can be a welcome break from the hustle and bustle of school life.
Finally, reading can be a source of inspiration. 15 . They can find role models, learn from others’ experiences, and gain motivation to pursue their own goals.
Reading, therefore, is not just a school subject; it’s a lifelong skill that can open up a world of possibilities. Make it a habit and enjoy the benefits it brings.
A. It’s a form of escape from the daily routine.
B. Through reading, students are exposed to new knowledge and ideas.
C. Reading encourages students to engage deeply with the text.
D. Students can find stories and characters that resonate with them.
E. Books often provide a window into the lives of others.
F. Reading fiction, in particular, can foster imaginative thinking.
G. By challenging their own beliefs and assumptions, students develop a more nuanced understanding of the world.
（24-25高三上·广东·开学考试）Are you concerned about travelling by plane with your dog A new airline called Bark Air might be the solution you need. It is designed specifically for dogs, which is initiated by Bark, a brand specializing in dog food and toys.
Bark Air, in cooperation with a jet charter (包机) service company, completed its first flight on May 23, 2024. Travelling from New York to Los Angeles, 16 , including passengers and crew. On the website of Bark Air, the company emphasizes that the airline is focused on the comfort and happiness of the dog first, and human second.
To ensure enough space for the dogs, 17 . Additionally, the aircraft will feature calming aids for these VIPs. Dogs are now able to travel on planes while sitting with their owners, thanks to Bark Air. Onboard, 18 , including water and bone broth. “No dog should fly in a cage,” the company said on its website.
Of course, 19 . According to National Public Radio (NPR), a flight between New York and Los Angeles for one human and one dog costs $6,000, while a regular one-way flight from New York to London is priced at $8,000. “If the demand is there, 20 , and that’s what we aim to do,” co-founder and CEO Matt Meeker told NPR. “We want to make this affordable and accessible for as many dogs as possible.”
A. this journey comes at a cost
B. the dogs can enjoy a variety of drinks
C. it would not book the plane to full capacity
D. the flight carried six dogs and eleven people
E. they even can have their toys along with them
F. one human and two dogs weigh under 50 pounds
G. we have pretty clear ways of bringing those prices down
（23-24高二上·江苏南京·开学考试）Is there a link between social media and depression 21 It’s complicated.
Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just- rolled- out- of- bed hair. 22 Clearly, social media isn’t all bad.
23 Things like cyberbullying (网上欺凌), screen addiction, and being exposed to endless filtered images (美颜) that make it impossible not to make comparisons between yourself and others often make the news. In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.” This big headline seems to confirm what a lot of people have been saying — 24
The study followed over 3,800 adolescents over four years as part of a drug and alcohol prevention program. Part of what the investigators measured was the teens’ amount of screen time, including time spent on social media, as well as their levels of depression symptoms. 25 That was true both when the researches compared between people and compared each person against their own mental health over time.
A. Screen time is horrible for young people.
B. Is there anyone in your family who uses stamps
C. Social media is a valuable way to cope with stress.
D. Do Facebook and Instagram have a negative impact on your mental health
E. There are also times when you laugh at funny memes and catch up with old friends.
F. They found those who used social media more had higher depression scores.
G. However, people are increasingly suspecting the potential problems of social media.
（24-25高二上·云南昆明·开学考试）You can begin loving life by learning to appreciate your health. Keeping yourself fit would do well enough to make you stay healthy to enjoy your life. It may seem difficult. 26 There are many ways that you can keep you fit. If fit without having to go through the usual process of going to the gym. There are other easy ways to do it.
Walk to be physically active. Walking can be very beneficial if you try to make a habit out of it just by changing some of the things you usually do. 27 If yes, why not walk it out instead of using your car
Ride your bike. If you wish to go places that can be too far to walk, you can use your bike instead of your car. Then you’ll enjoy the benefits of physical exercise. 28
Jog to keep yourself fit. Jogging is a fairly easy and effective way to improve your aerobic (有氧的) fitness. 29 Jogging can also offer other benefits aside from helping you keep fit. By going outdoors, you can enjoy fresh air and the surrounding scenery.
30 Taking the stairs instead of the elevator gives your body a good workout. You can try to park your car at the far end of the parking lot and try to walk the rest of the way into your office.
When going out to lunch, you can try walking instead of driving there.
A. It might be much better for you to be outdoors.
B. Loving life means trying to take care of your body.
C. You don’t have to buy a running machine just to do so.
D. Are you planning to go somewhere within a short distance
E. But doing so should not be as hard as you might believe.
F. Even at work, keeping fit can also be included in the daily tasks.
G. What’s more, you may also save quite a lot on fuel costs.
（24-25高二上·湖北襄阳·开学考试）I have collected some examples that should be an inspiration to anyone who desires to be successful. They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder. 31 The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position.
Walt Disney — one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. 32 Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough! In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films. 33 Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company.
Bill Gates-co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers. 34 However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire.
35 I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose. Do you agree or disagree with me
A. So, the one thing successful people never do is: Give up!
B. In 1923, the business went bankrupt.
C. He was greatly depressed.
D. Every experience of failure increases the hunger for success.
E. The company ran up losses between 1974 and 1980 before it was closed.
F. Many factors may affect your success.
G. Before the great success came a number of failures.
（23-24高二下·云南昭通·开学考试）Why Human Translation Is Better Than Machine
Will AI replace human translators 36 . In the following sections, we will explore four reasons why human translation will always be better than machine translation.
●Machines cannot express feelings and emotions like humans
Nowadays, soft skills like communication and relationship building are more important at work than technical skills. AI systems are indeed fast, sufficient, and accurate. 37 . In fact, these are the very skills that make us human. Humans can gain information from non-verbal cues, while machines just can’t.
● 38
Only a human translator can match and reproduce the style and tone of the source document accurately. With a machine translation, the intended tone and intricate nuances of the original document often get lost. This results in a rather flat and soulless end result. Translating some texts, such as poems and argumentative essays, is challenging for machines. Robots are unable to convey the feeling of the text, resulting in a flat translation.
●Machines can’t keep up with language changes
Machine translation software has to be constantly updated to keep up with these changes. Updating these programs is challenging because they are based on a sophisticated algorithmic system. Human translators, on the other hand, do not have to deal with such difficulties. As we all know, humans are much more adaptable. 39 .
●Machines don’t understand complex human cultures
When it comes to cultural translations, some words may have a specific meaning in one culture but a completely different meaning in another. In fact, in some occasions, even human translators have difficulty achieving a perfect translation, let alone a machine translator.
There’s no denying the importance of machine translation. It has come a long way in recent years, 40 . A professional human-based translation service is still by far the best option for translating high-quality content.
A. Machines can’t match style and tone of a human being
B. Machines can’t match the intelligence of a human being
C. but it still has a long way to go
D. Of course not, there is no replacement for human translation
E. However, they are not wise, emotional, or culturally sensitive
F. A translation cannot be complete without the human touch
G. Hence they can keep up with language changes faster than any AI program
（23-24高二下·辽宁本溪·期末）Traveling is becoming more and more popular every year. It can be passion to so many people. One of the reasons behind this is the advanced transportation system that humans have achieved up to now. 41 There are even personalities who have traveled the entire world.
Everyone has their own reason for traveling. Some people travel for a break in life. At times, our daily life gets very dull. 42 We get bored of doing the same things in the same way again and again every day. We need a breathing space, longing for new adventures in life. Traveling opens new doors of amusement in life.
Traveling helps in improving social and communication skills. 43 Traveling involves getting connected with random strangers. It can be a true exercise to the people dealing with social anxiety. We even end up learning new languages for traveling.
44 Traveling forces us to take a break from our normal life and explore. It makes us appreciate beauties in the world. It fills us with positive energy. People suffering from spiritual illness from stress often choose the path of exploring and traveling to cure themselves. It creates unforgettable and endless fond memories, which comfort them and help ease their stress.
Traveling gets us real life education. People say that if you cannot read books, then start traveling for knowledge. What we learn from traveling different places cannot be taught in any school, college or university. We learn about different cultures, different societies, different types of people, different languages. At least, if we are not able to travel abroad, we can travel our country. 45
A. Traveling offers an escape from reality.
B. This enables us to know it in a better way.
C. We cannot travel without interacting with anyone.
D. Traveling contributes to maintaining peace of mind.
E. It becomes a cycle of having meals, sleeping and working.
F. One can easily travel from one place to another in less time.
G. People of different countries have different ideas of traveling.
（24-25高三上·湖南·开学考试）Ten years ago, not many families in the United States would consider homeschooling a serious option for their children. There were negative feelings about homeschooling, especially among school educators, who considered it crazy or irresponsible. But things have changed now. 46 As homeschooling becomes more widely practiced, school communities are becoming far more accepting and recognize that it can meet real needs.
47 Homeschooling provides community life that is valuable to children. Participating in community life, homeschooled children relate socially with a wide variety of people. 48 Without social pressure from age-separated classrooms, kid feel more comfortable forming friendships.
49 We often hear parents and kids talk about how relieved they feel from being freed of traditional schooling and nightly homework. With independent learning, they have more time to talk and listen; more time to spend in libraries, museums, and concert halls; or to hike, ride bikes, read, or think. These changes are what happens when family life is driven by the needs of families, rather than the needs of institutions.
Homeschooling also creates better learning environments for children who have been wrongly considered as having all sorts of imaginary “learning problems” in public and private schools. The educators want the children to be fixed so that they will fit; the parents correctly sense that their children are fine and only need something different: more space, freedom to move, a safe environment, or respectful treatment from others. 50
A. Homeschooling helps children to broaden their knowledge.
B. In homeschooling families, life is likely to be less stressful.
C. Some people choose homeschooling for socialization benefits.
D. Homeschooling success stories are often reported in the media.
E. People can see how easy it is to get along with homeschooled kids.
F. For these families, homeschooling helps a child build a life that works.
G. The combination of two kinds of schooling has a great effect on a child.
（23-24高二下·山西晋城·开学考试）Why don’t birds on a wire get a shock
Now how is that possible The fact is, for a living creature to get a shock there has to be a substantial flow of currents through the body. 51 Firstly, the bird not only forms a circuit with the wire, but it also offers high resistance to currents, so currents pass through the wire instead of the bird.
It’s a bit like this, would you prefer going on a smooth road or a road full of holes The answer is obvious. 52 All objects offer some amount of resistance to the flow of currents, depending on the material.
53 However, the most important reason why currents don’t pass through the bird is, there is barely any voltage (电压) difference across the bird. Current flow is actually just a flow of minute charged particles (粒子). These charged particles need an energy input in order for them to move. The amount of energy needed to move the charges from one point to another is measured in terms of the potential difference between the two points.
A bird sitting on high-tension wires has both its feet placed firmly on the same wire. 54 In order for currents to flow through the bird, there must be a sizeable difference in voltage across the body. The potential difference between the bird’s two feet is tiny and so a very small current flows through the bird which can barely be registered.
55 On the other hand if it were to touch the wire and some other object connected to the ground, it would receive a deadly shock.
A. Currents travel like water.
B. There are differences in birds’ shapes.
C. Just like you, the current prefers taking the easier path.
D. This is just one of the reasons why birds don’t get a shock.
E. However, there’s barely any current running through the bird’s body for two reasons.
F. Therefore, the net potential difference from one end of the bird to the other is almost zero.
G. If the bird were to touch the wire and another wire at the same time, it would receive a mild shock.
（23-24高二下·浙江·开学考试）There’s a long-standing argument in scientific circles over how to classify viruses. They’re not lifeless, because they multiply and have genes. Yet they’re not “alive,” as they don’t have cells, and can’t survive on their own. Viruses reproduce by hijacking (劫持) the host’s cells, eventually causing them to burst and die. 56 In order to protect ourselves from them, we have to know some basic facts about viruses.
57 People often think of just a few viruses — influenza, HIV, and now coronaviruses — but they are the most plentiful microbes (微生物) on the planet. There are about 320,000 types that infect mammals, but just 219 are known to infect humans.
You can get some viruses more than once. There’s a popular myth that once you’ve had a virus, you’re immune to (对……免疫) it. 58 When you get a virus, your body builds up antibodies to fight it. However, not everyone makes enough antibodies, and they can wear off over time, which is why you need booster shots of some vaccines.
You can be contagious (传染性的) without ever showing symptoms. Some viruses can be spread via people who never had signs of the illness or who don’t have symptoms yet. Some people may even be “super-spreaders”. 59 Take precautions to prevent spreading viruses even when you don’t feel sick.
If you’re very overweight, you need to be extra cautious. Obese people are contagious with the flu virus 42 percent longer than those who aren’t obese. Because obesity is linked to many health problems, it may affect your immune system. 60
A. But that’s not always the case.
B. There are many more viruses than you think.
C. Loss of taste or smell is an early warning sign.
D. Extra weight may make the flu shot (流感疫苗) less effective too.
E. Sleep as much as possible to help your body to recover.
F. That’s why viruses that infect humans nearly always cause illness.
G. They will infect dozens to hundreds of other people without even realizing it.
（23-24高三下·四川雅安·开学考试）Earth Hour is an annual event, asking you to switch off all your lights for one hour in positive change for our planet. It is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. 61 , which means switching off all lights everywhere at the same time for one hour.
Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. 62 , and many countries around the world have taken part.
It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a little power. 63 . Joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and how to protect nature so that people can enjoy healthy and sustainable lives. Besides, many people acting together pushes governments and companies to consider green issues when making big decisions.
64 . The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour, and the plus invites people to keep on taking action even after Earth Hour is finished. In fact, people joining in Earth Hour say that taking part in it inspires them to do more for the environment. The climate activist Greta Thunberg says, “Earth Hour is every hour of every day.”
Why is it in March At the end of March in the northern and southern hemispheres (半球), the days and the nights are almost of the same length. 65 , so it is dark in the evening in each country for the Earth Hour switch-off.
A. But this is only the beginning
B. The logo of Earth Hour is “60+”
C. On this evening, people “go dark”
D. There are many events people can join in
E. Since then it has grown into an international event
F. The idea is to raise the awareness of environmental issues
G. At this time, the sunset time is similar in both hemispheres
（23-24高二下·湖南·开学考试）Once considered an optional lifestyle choice, recycling has become a commonplace activity in most areas. One type of recycling, called downcycling, involves re-purposing a material into a new product of lesser quality. 66
Downcycling is most common in terms of industrial materials. These products lose their value as they are recycled, which limits their capacity for new use. 67 White writing paper, for example, is often downcycled into cardboard; once downcycled to this new form, it can no longer be used as white paper again. Another example of downcycling includes the use of plastic components.
68 Plastic, glass, and aluminium products coded with the number one may be remade into something of equal or greater value. This type of recycling is known as upcycling, and represents the forward compatibility of recycled components. Materials available for downcycling, such as water, juice, and milk bottles, are coded with the number two. They may not be used to contain food-grade items again upon being downcycled.
Items available for downcycling often require additional chemicals, energy, and other treatments in order to transform them into something usable. 69 Trash bins, tables, and chairs are also considered materials with a high energy cost to recycle.
70 This usually occurs when a substance is blended with other substances, such as different types of plastic with various recycling codes. Since these products can no longer be made into new ones, they will either have to be reused or discarded, typically in a landfill.
A. Their recycled form is typically both weaker and cheaper than their original one.
B. When a product reaches a code seven, it is considered no longer recyclable
C. Durable plastic products in particular require much additional treatment.
D. Giving products a new life is considered a good way to reuse materials and avoid waste.
E. It can include varying grades of plastic, paper products, and other materials.
F. These recycled materials may often be put into new use.
G. Products are provided with codes to determine their grades and whether or not they may be recycled.
（23-24高三下·浙江·开学考试）Cruise through many neighborhoods or parks around the world, and you will find no shortage of well-mowed expanses of grass. Lawns (草坪) do look attractive. 71 Additionally, they can require environmentally questionable practices to maintain. Researchers and landscape architects are increasingly considering alternatives that are more sustainable, demand fewer resources and help people connect more intimately with nature. Here follows an edited excerpt of the conversation between researchers MariaIgnatieva and Marcus Hedblom.
Why did lawns become so popular
72 They were like a special frontier that separated cities and towns from the wilderness. A lawn was always a symbol of how a civilized society should be. That’s why it was so powerful. And of course, they are also important for recreation.
What environmental problems are lawns causing
Lawns are homogenizing the environment, not only in terms of biodiversity but also visually. You compare countries’ and cities’ urban landscapes around the world, and they look exactly the same. 73 Mowers burn fossil fuels and emit gases that heat up the atmosphere.
74
You have to find your own local solution. We can take inspiration from the natural plant communities around us. In suburban and rural areas, that might mean having a meadow or prairie. In other places, it might be a savanna like environment or mountain plants. You can have a “grass-free” lawn; with only low-growing plants that create the same effect as a lawn, and you can walk on it.
How can we persuade people to adopt these alternatives
When people see them, they appreciate them and like them. 75 We also have to try to change the minds of decision makers, including politicians. We need to show the public there are different ways of handling our urban environment and making it better.
A. So it is all about education.
B. What are these alternatives
C. And it is understandable fondness.
D. What are the inspirations of lawns
E. However, they choke out biodiversity.
F. Lawns came to be seen as a symbol of civilization and a way of life.
G. Lawn upkeep takes resources, fertilizer and pesticide that enter groundwater and runoff water.
（23-24高三下·江苏南通·开学考试）There are many reasons why some cats are bad-tempered. It’s commonly believed that their temperament can be influenced by the way they are born or raised. 76 According to veterinarian Dr Katrina Warren, the problem can generally be solved, but you’ll need to look for underlying issues.
Changes in a cat’s behaviour can often be explained by a health problem. Pain can cause cats to behave differently. It’s easy to mistake a problem as behavioural, which in fact is medical. Should you observe a significant change in your cat’s behaviour, then a visit to the vet is the best place to start. 77 Also hiding and avoiding being touched. Be sure to report all changes to your vet. There are many health problems that can be readily treated to ease symptoms and pain for your cat.
It pays to remember that cats don’t like to share or queue. Sharing of ‘resources’ such as litter trays and foodbowls can cause stress and anxiety for many cats. It’s always a good idea to provide each cat with their own litter box, food, water bowls and bed. A lack of space to hide from or avoid other cats, competition for territory and lack of individual attention can also add to household friction. 78
Moving to a new house, the arrival of a new baby, new pets and other types of change can seriously impact cat behaviour. Cats are creatures of habit and tend to be territorial. 79 Try to keep your cat’s environment as calm as possible and ensure there are places where they feel safe.
80 These are often cats that received limited socialisation with humans when they were kittens. These cats do best in a quiet household without children and need understanding and patience to help build their confidence.
A. Some cats simply do not like being touched and handled.
B. Watch out for changes in eating, drinking or litter-box habits.
C. When your cat seems lonely, you can hold it gently in your arms.
D. If so, offering the cat a high place to sit, such as a climbing tree, can be helpful.
E. So a change in routine may cause them to react, including withdrawal or aggression.
F. Don’t forget their incredible sense of smell, which is a useful tool of communication.
G. In fact, even the sweetest cats can suddenly become bad-tempered and behave out of character.
（23-24高二上·安徽马鞍山·期末）It is believed that it’s dangerous to have plants in the bedroom. Plants take in carbon dioxide (CO ) and produce oxygen (氧气) in the day. 81 . The build-up of CO is a real problem for indoor air quality, which has been shown to influence health, so it is easy to see where the concern comes from. But to consider whether sharing our bedroom with our plants can harm health, we should consider three things.
Firstly, how much CO do plants produce at night compared with what they take in during the day 82 For the answer depends on everything from species to light levels and even room temperature.
Thankfully, in 2015, researchers at Turkey’s Kastamonu University found that large houseplants take in between six and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they produce at night.
83 A single human breath contains around 40, 000 ppm of CO2, more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours, so you might want to throw your partner out before your plants.
Finally, we don’t live in the sealed (密封的) boxes in which these studies are carried out. 84 The air is even exchanged when we move around. According to one recent review, we need houseplants to keep indoor air fresh, and to fight some pollution. 85
Let’s enjoy houseplants whenever we like, because if sleeping near plants were bad for our health, camping in a forest would be deadly.
A. This is hard to answer.
B. So, they are quite necessary.
C. The question has more than one answer.
D. Besides, we often share a room with someone else.
E. Indoor air is being exchanged through doors and windows.
F. At night they compete with us for the air we breathe while asleep.
G. Secondly, compare the influence of a plant with that of a person sharing a room.
（23-24高一上·云南保山·阶段练习）Unlike other natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes are very hard to see coming, even for scientists. Nowadays early detection systems can only give seconds of warning ahead. Thus, specific practices for earthquake preparedness are necessary. 86
Drop, cover and hold.
If you feel the ground start to shake, drop, take cover under a stable piece of furniture, and hold on. You can hide under something like a desk or table, with one arm holding on to a leg of the table and your other arm protecting your neck and head. 87 In modern homes, it is no stronger than any other part of the house and will not protect you from injury.
Make a family plan.
Make sure your household has a plan of action. Create a meeting point — somewhere easy for everyone to remember, or you could also meet at home. Whatever plan you decide on, don’t rely on your phone as your main form of communication. 88 A major earthquake in California, for example, damaged cell towers and knocked out communication services for days.
Secure your furniture.
89 People often get injured from “flying or falling objects” like furniture or glass during earthquakes. So examine your home and ask yourself, “What could be a potential danger to my safety ” If possible, remove those heavy and big objects above your bed immediately.
90
Important documents may get destroyed during earthquakes. Therefore, scan or take photos of your important documents, such as your license, financial records and insurance policy information. Then send them to your e-mail. This step can help ensure your documents will be available even if your computer is lost in a quake.
A. Technology fails all the time in disasters.
B. These are all important personal documents.
C. Make digital copies of important documents.
D. Whatever you do, do not stand in a door frame.
E. If you find the answer, you need to run away immediately.
F. Here are four steps you can take to prepare yourself in advance.
G. Those hanging shelves above your bed could be a danger during an earthquake.
（23-24高二下·北京·阶段练习）The War Against Sand
Imagine living on the edge of a vast desert, which is moving quietly closer to your village every day and covering your fields. The desert is on the move. This is called desertification.
Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. 91 The first is over-use of water in the area. There is not enough water in any case, and if it is not carefully used, disaster can follow. As time goes on, water shortages make farming more and more difficult. In some places, locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. 92 Farmers leave the land, and fields are replaced by deserts.
The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land. 93 Ploughing (耕) large fields and removing bushes and trees means that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit.
94 Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming, these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding to what is known as the greenhouse effect.
What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously first steps are to find new water sources. 95 Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand.
A. It generally arises from two related causes.
B. It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer.
C. They have been completely buried by the sand now.
D. Scientists are doing the research on the cause of desertification.
E. They destroy the land as the soil dries out and is then blown away.
F. Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between desert and rich field.
G. This means that the wrong crops are planted, and need more water than is available.
（2024·广东·二模）Artificial Intelligence (AI) geolocation (互联网定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. These systems use advanced sensors, satellite imagery, and machine learning algorithms (算法) to gather real-time data on animal movements, habitat preferences, and migration patterns. 96
Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals. 97 The devices can work as tags and the camera traps can be set up remotely, which decreases human impact on wildlife.
In addition, AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely. Through their assistance, scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 98 For example, by analyzing the collected data, conservationists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.
99 By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real-time, researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.
Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species. 100 This help them feel more connected to the issues wildlife face in habitats. The bond promotes a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through various means, such as donations, volunteer work, and so on.
A. This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.
B. However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals.
C. AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.
D. The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.
E. Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.
F. The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork.
G. With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.
()
2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）
第03辑（开学考试专辑）
专题03阅读理解七选五20篇 解析版
（24-25高三上·广东·开学考试）The Path of Diligence (勤奋)
Undoubtedly, diligence is one of the key factors in achieving success. While students are often encouraged to work hard at their academics, they may lack the right methods and a positive mindset. 1 .
Set clear goals
To succeed academically, it’s crucial to set clear goals. 2 . Clear goals stimulate motivation, enabling you to organize your time more effectively. Moreover, setting short-term and long-term goals provides a clear sense of direction in your academic journey.
Create plans and schedules
3 . Break tasks into manageable steps, establish achievable daily plans, ensure adequate rest time, and avoid overexertion (用力过度). Properly planning your time to balance study and relaxation contributes to learning efficiency.
Foster self-discipline
Learning to control yourself and maintaining discipline are keys to cultivating diligence. Establishing regular sleep patterns, minimizing irrelevant social activities, and concentrating on academic tasks are essential components of self-discipline. Consistently practicing these habits allows you to effectively tackle academic challenges.
4
Challenges are unavoidable during the learning process. Diligent students seek assistance from teachers, peers, or professional tutors when needed. Additionally, accepting feedback (反馈) and continuously refining your study methods and skills are crucial.
Maintain a positive mindset
Maintaining a positive mindset is crucial when facing difficulties and challenges. Believe in your abilities, view problems as opportunities, and approach academic challenges with optimism. 5 .
A. Seek help and feedback
B. Look for help and lend a hand
C. It could be a goal you desire to achieve or your friend suggests
D. Here are suggestions to help you build habits and succeed academically
E. To maintain diligence, creating reasonable study plans and schedules is vital
F. These could be weekly study goals, semester-end targets, or long-term academic goals
G. A positive mindset reduces academic stress and boosts confidence in overcoming difficulties
【答案】1. D 2. F 3. E 4. A 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过勤奋来取得学术上的成功，并提供了一些具体的建议。
1. 根据上文“While students are often encouraged to work hard at their academics, they may lack the right methods and a positive mindset.”（虽然学生们经常被鼓励在学术上努力工作，但他们可能缺乏正确的方法和积极的心态。）可知，接下来应该是对此提供一些建议。D选项“Here are suggestions to help you build habits and succeed academically”（这里有一些建议可以帮助你建立习惯并在学术上取得成功）能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据上文“To succeed academically, it’s crucial to set clear goals.”（要在学术上取得成功，设定明确的目标是至关重要的。）可知，接下来应该是具体说明这些目标是什么。F选项“These could be weekly study goals, semester-end targets, or long-term academic goals”（这些可以是每周的学习目标、学期末的目标或长期的学术目标）能承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
3. 根据上文“Create plans and schedules”（制定计划和时间表）可知，接下来应该是说明制定合理的学习计划和时间表的重要性。E选项“To maintain diligence, creating reasonable study plans and schedules is vital”（为了保持勤奋，制定合理的学习计划和时间表是至关重要的）能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
4. 根据下文“Challenges are unavoidable during the learning process. Diligent students seek assistance from teachers, peers, or professional tutors when needed. Additionally, accepting feedback (反馈) and continuously refining your study methods and skills are crucial.”（在学习过程中，挑战是不可避免的。勤奋的学生在需要的时候会向老师、同学或专业导师寻求帮助。此外，接受反馈并不断完善你的学习方法和技能是至关重要的。）可知，本段应该是说明在遇到挑战时寻求帮助和反馈的重要性。A选项“Seek help and feedback”（寻求帮助和反馈）能概括本段主旨，符合语境。故选A。
5. 根据上文“Maintaining a positive mindset is crucial when facing difficulties and challenges.”（在面对困难和挑战时，保持积极的心态是至关重要的。）可知，接下来应该是说明积极的心态如何帮助减轻学术压力并增强克服困难的信心。G选项“A positive mindset reduces academic stress and boosts confidence in overcoming difficulties”（积极的心态可以减轻学术压力并增强克服困难的信心）能承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
（24-25高三上·山西·开学考试）Ways to Make Studying More Fun
The “S” word draws various responses from teenagers. Some students are eager to dive in and tackle the books. 6 Regardless of your attitude to studying, one thing is for sure — it has to be done. So why not look at how you can make the process more enjoyable
·Try hands-on learning. Consider going on a field trip to experience the topic first-hand. For example, if you’re studying marine biology, you can take a trip to the aquarium (水族馆). 7 If it’s math you’re trying to make sense of, talk with a structural engineer about how they figure out the load of a structure.
· 8 Getting together with a friend or a group of classmates can help you learn new study techniques while still getting a few laughs. Try having a debate about a topic you’re trying to learn. With a larger group, you can test each other’s knowledge by making quizzes and creating true or false mini-tests.
·Break it up. Plan scheduled study breaks every hour and take part in an activity you enjoy. 9 Before you take a break, write down what you have learned during your study time and add to this list each time you take a break.
·Leave the house. Study at your favorite coffee shop or bookstore. If the weather is nice, head to a park or the beach. If you’re a mover, hit the pavement for a run and listen to a podcast (播客) that covers the topic you’re studying, or grab a friend and quiz each other while you run. 10
A. Assess study skills.
B. Study with a partner.
C. Others have perfected the art of avoidance.
D. Go for a quick walk, talk with a friend or eat a snack.
E. Some of your best thoughts come when you’re moving your body.
F. You can spend several hours studying and then review your progress.
G. History students can go and check out one of the places mentioned in the book.
【答案】6. C 7. G 8. B 9. D 10. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些让学习变得更有趣的方法，包括亲身体验学习内容、与他人一起学习、定时休息以及换个环境学习等技巧。
6. 根据上文“The “S” word draws various responses from teenagers. Some students are eager to dive in and tackle the books. (提到“学习”这个词会让青少年有不同的反应，有些学生渴望投入学习)”，与C项“Others have perfected the art of avoidance. (其他人则已经掌握了逃避的技巧)”形成了对比，说明不同学生对待学习的态度不一样，故选C项。
7. 根据上文“Consider going on a field trip to experience the topic first-hand. For example, if you’re studying marine biology, you can take a trip to the aquarium (水族馆).(考虑进行实地考察，亲身体验主题。例如，如果你正在学习海洋生物学，你可以组织一次去水族馆的旅行)”可知，作者建议通过实地考察来亲身体验所学主题，并以海洋生物学为例，提到了可以去水族馆。因此，空处需要另一个与实地考察相关的例子。选项G“History students can go and check out one of the places mentioned in the book. (历史系的学生可以去查看书中提到的一个地方)”提供了一个与历史学习相关的实地考察的例子，符合语境。故选G项。
8. 根据下文“Getting together with a friend or a group of classmates can help you learn new study techniques while still getting a few laughs.(和朋友或一群同学聚在一起，可以帮助你学习新的学习方法，同时也能收获一些欢笑)”可知，与朋友或同学一起学习可以帮助你学习新的学习技巧，同时还能带来一些欢笑。因此，此处需要一个与“与他人一起学习”相关的主题句。选项B“Study with a partner. (与伙伴一起学习)”正好概括了这一部分内容，符合语境。故选B项。
9. 根据上文“Plan scheduled study breaks every hour and take part in an activity you enjoy.(每小时计划学习休息，并参与你喜欢的活动).”可知，作者建议每小时规划一次学习休息时间，并参与自己喜欢的活动。因此，此处需要具体的活动建议。选项D“Go for a quick walk, talk with a friend or eat a snack. (去快速散步，与朋友交谈或吃零食)”介绍了具体的活动建议，符合语境。故选D项。
10. 根据上文“If you’re a mover, hit the pavement for a run and listen to a podcast (播客) that covers the topic you’re studying, or grab a friend and quiz each other while you run.(如果你是个爱动的人，可以边跑步边听一个与你正在学习的领域相关的播客，或者找个朋友一起跑，边跑边互相提问)”可知，如果你是一个喜欢运动的人，可以在跑步时听一个涵盖你所学主题的播客，或者找一个朋友一起在跑步时互相提问。因此，此处需要一个与运动和学习相关的总结句。选项E“Some of your best thoughts come when you’re moving your body. (当你在运动时，一些最好的想法就会涌现出来)”强调了运动对思维的积极影响，符合语境。故选E项。
（24-25高三上·全国·开学考试）The Power of Reading in High School
In high school, reading is not just about passing exams or fulfilling assignments. It’s a gateway to new ideas, cultures, and perspectives. Here’s why reading should be a central part of your high school experience.
Firstly, 11 . By reading diverse texts, students can broaden their horizons and understand the complexities of the world. Whether it’s a novel set in a foreign country or an essay discussing social issues, reading allows students to gain insights into different cultures and viewpoints.
Secondly, reading improves critical thinking skills. 12 . They learn to analyze arguments, evaluate evidence, and form their own opinions. This is essential for success in both academic and professional life.
Thirdly, reading can enhance creativity. 13 . Authors often use unique language and imagery to convey their ideas, which can inspire readers to think creatively and come up with new ideas.
Moreover, reading is a great way to relax and destress. 14 . After a long day of classes and homework, picking up a good book can be a welcome break from the hustle and bustle of school life.
Finally, reading can be a source of inspiration. 15 . They can find role models, learn from others’ experiences, and gain motivation to pursue their own goals.
Reading, therefore, is not just a school subject; it’s a lifelong skill that can open up a world of possibilities. Make it a habit and enjoy the benefits it brings.
A. It’s a form of escape from the daily routine.
B. Through reading, students are exposed to new knowledge and ideas.
C. Reading encourages students to engage deeply with the text.
D. Students can find stories and characters that resonate with them.
E. Books often provide a window into the lives of others.
F. Reading fiction, in particular, can foster imaginative thinking.
G. By challenging their own beliefs and assumptions, students develop a more nuanced understanding of the world.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. F 14. A 15. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阅读在高中阶段的重要性及其带来的多方面好处。
11. 该空是本段主题句，需总结下文。由下文“By reading diverse texts, students can broaden their horizons and understand the complexities of the world. Whether it’s a novel set in a foreign country or an essay discussing social issues, reading allows students to gain insights into different cultures and viewpoints. (通过阅读不同的文本，学生可以开阔视野，了解世界的复杂性。无论是以外国为背景的小说还是讨论社会问题的文章，阅读都能让学生深入了解不同的文化和观点)”可知，该空讲的是高中阅读的第一个好处——阅读可以让学生接触到新的知识和想法，B选项“通过阅读，学生接触到新知识和新思想。”切合语境。故选B项。
12. 由本段主题句“Secondly, reading improves critical thinking skills. (其次，阅读可以提高批判性思维能力)”和下文“They learn to analyze arguments, evaluate evidence, and form their own opinions. (他们学会分析论点，评估证据，形成自己的观点)”可知，想要形成批判性思维能力，就需要深入研读课文来锻炼各种思维能力，C选项“阅读鼓励学生深入阅读课文。”切合语境。故选C项。
13. 由本段主题句“Thirdly, reading can enhance creativity. (第三，阅读可以增强创造力)”和下文“Authors often use unique language and imagery to convey their ideas, which can inspire readers to think creatively and come up with new ideas. (作者经常使用独特的语言和意象来传达他们的想法，这可以激发读者进行创造性思考并提出新的想法)”可知，阅读是能培养人的想象力的，F选项“阅读小说尤其能培养想象力。”切合语境。故选F项。
14. 由本段主题句“Moreover, reading is a great way to relax and destress. (此外，阅读是放松和减压的好方法)”和下文“After a long day of classes and homework, picking up a good book can be a welcome break from the hustle and bustle of school life. (在漫长的一天的课程和作业之后，拿起一本好书可以让你从学校生活的喧嚣中解脱出来)”可知，阅读能让人从日常生活的繁忙和压力中解脱出来，让人放松和减压，A选项“这是一种逃离日常生活的方式。”切合语境。故选A项。
15. 由本段主题句“Finally, reading can be a source of inspiration. (最后，阅读可以成为灵感的源泉)”和下文“They can find role models, learn from others’ experiences, and gain motivation to pursue their own goals. (他们可以找到榜样，从别人的经历中学习，并获得追求自己目标的动力)”可知，阅读能让人从榜样的人生经历中找到灵感并获得追求目标的动力，说明书籍是了解他人生活的窗口，E选项“书籍往往是了解他人生活的窗口。”切合语境。故选E项。
（24-25高三上·广东·开学考试）Are you concerned about travelling by plane with your dog A new airline called Bark Air might be the solution you need. It is designed specifically for dogs, which is initiated by Bark, a brand specializing in dog food and toys.
Bark Air, in cooperation with a jet charter (包机) service company, completed its first flight on May 23, 2024. Travelling from New York to Los Angeles, 16 , including passengers and crew. On the website of Bark Air, the company emphasizes that the airline is focused on the comfort and happiness of the dog first, and human second.
To ensure enough space for the dogs, 17 . Additionally, the aircraft will feature calming aids for these VIPs. Dogs are now able to travel on planes while sitting with their owners, thanks to Bark Air. Onboard, 18 , including water and bone broth. “No dog should fly in a cage,” the company said on its website.
Of course, 19 . According to National Public Radio (NPR), a flight between New York and Los Angeles for one human and one dog costs $6,000, while a regular one-way flight from New York to London is priced at $8,000. “If the demand is there, 20 , and that’s what we aim to do,” co-founder and CEO Matt Meeker told NPR. “We want to make this affordable and accessible for as many dogs as possible.”
A. this journey comes at a cost
B. the dogs can enjoy a variety of drinks
C. it would not book the plane to full capacity
D. the flight carried six dogs and eleven people
E. they even can have their toys along with them
F. one human and two dogs weigh under 50 pounds
G. we have pretty clear ways of bringing those prices down
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. G
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了专门为宠物狗设计的航班——Bark Air。
16. 前文“Bark Air, in cooperation with a jet charter (包机) service company, completed its first flight on May 23, 2024.(Bark Air与一家包机服务公司合作，于2024年5月23日完成了首次飞行。)”讲述了Bark Air完成了首次载狗飞行的任务，再根据空前“Travelling from New York to Los Angeles(从纽约前往洛杉矶)”和空后“including passengers and crew(包括乘客和机组人员)”可知，这趟从纽约到洛杉矶的航班里有乘客和机组人员，所以空处应讲述飞机载的人和狗数量，D项“这架飞机上载有6 只狗和11 个人”符合语境。故选D。
17. 空前“To ensure enough space for the dogs(为了确保狗有足够的空间)”提到要确保狗有足够的空间，空处应说明飞机上采取的措施，C项“不会让飞机预定到满仓”符合题意。故选C。
18. 空后“including water and bone broth(包括水和骨汤)”提到有水和骨汤，所以空处应讲述狗在飞机上能享受的饮品，B项“狗可以享受各种饮料”符合题意。故选B。
19. 根据下文“According to National Public Radio (NPR), a flight between New York and Los Angeles for one human and one dog costs $6,000, while a regular one-way flight from New York to London is priced at $8,000.(据美国国家公共广播电台（NPR）报道，一个人和一只狗在纽约和洛杉矶之间的航班费用为6000美元，而从纽约到伦敦的定期单程航班价格为8000美元。)”可知，空处应讲述这种带狗坐飞机出行的方式是有代价的，A项“这种旅行是有代价的”符合题意。故选A。
20. 根据下文“We want to make this affordable and accessible for as many dogs as possible.(我们希望让尽可能多的狗能够负担得起并获得这种服务。)”可知，空处应是说降低价格，G项“我们有很明确的方法来降低这些价格”符合题意。故选G。
（23-24高二上·江苏南京·开学考试）Is there a link between social media and depression 21 It’s complicated.
Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just- rolled- out- of- bed hair. 22 Clearly, social media isn’t all bad.
23 Things like cyberbullying (网上欺凌), screen addiction, and being exposed to endless filtered images (美颜) that make it impossible not to make comparisons between yourself and others often make the news. In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.” This big headline seems to confirm what a lot of people have been saying — 24
The study followed over 3,800 adolescents over four years as part of a drug and alcohol prevention program. Part of what the investigators measured was the teens’ amount of screen time, including time spent on social media, as well as their levels of depression symptoms. 25 That was true both when the researches compared between people and compared each person against their own mental health over time.
A. Screen time is horrible for young people.
B. Is there anyone in your family who uses stamps
C. Social media is a valuable way to cope with stress.
D. Do Facebook and Instagram have a negative impact on your mental health
E. There are also times when you laugh at funny memes and catch up with old friends.
F. They found those who used social media more had higher depression scores.
G. However, people are increasingly suspecting the potential problems of social media.
【答案】21. D 22. E 23. G 24. A 25. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项最新研究，研究人员比较了青少年之间的社交媒体使用和抑郁状况，分析了社交媒体和抑郁症之间是否有联系，是否对心理健康产生负面影响。
21. 上文“Is there a link between social media and depression (社交媒体和抑郁症之间有联系吗 )”提出了社交媒体和心理健康之间的疑问，选项D中mental health是关键词，与上文呼应，所以D选项“Facebook和Instagram对你的心理健康有负面影响吗 ”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
22. 上文“Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just- rolled- out- of- bed hair. (有时候，浏览Instagram只会让你感觉很糟糕。你试着不去羡慕你的朋友，但他们似乎总是去了很酷的地方，吃了很好吃的东西，或者看起来很可爱，头发刚从床上滚下来。)”提到了社交媒体的糟糕情况，下文“Clearly, social media isn’t all bad.(显然，社交媒体并不全是坏事。)”有转折意思，所以E选项“有时你也会因为有趣的表情包而大笑，并与老朋友聊天。”和上文构成转折关系，且承接下文，符合语境。故选E项。
23. 下文“Things like cyberbullying (网上欺凌), screen addiction, and being exposed to endless filtered images (美颜) that make it impossible not to make comparisons between yourself and others often make the news.(诸如网络欺凌、屏幕成瘾、以及暴露在无尽的过滤图像中，使你不可能不把自己和他人进行比较，这些事情经常成为新闻。)”提到了社交媒体存在的一些问题，选项G中problems是关键词，与下文呼应，所以G选项“然而，人们越来越怀疑社交媒体的潜在问题。”能引起下文内容，符合语境。故选G项。
24. 上文“In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.”(今年7月，《美国医学会杂志》(JAMA)发表了一项名为“青少年看屏幕时间与抑郁之间的关系”的大型研究。) ”提到了屏幕时间，选项A中Screen time是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以A选项“屏幕时间对年轻人来说是可怕的。”符合语境。故选A项。
25. 上文“Part of what the investigators measured was the teens’ amount of screen time, including time spent on social media, as well as their levels of depression symptoms.(调查人员测量的部分内容是青少年看屏幕的时间，包括花在社交媒体上的时间，以及他们的抑郁症状程度。)”提到了屏幕时间和抑郁症状程度，所以F选项“他们发现，使用社交媒体更多的人抑郁得分更高。”和上文构成顺承关系，符合语境。故选F项。
（24-25高二上·云南昆明·开学考试）You can begin loving life by learning to appreciate your health. Keeping yourself fit would do well enough to make you stay healthy to enjoy your life. It may seem difficult. 26 There are many ways that you can keep you fit. If fit without having to go through the usual process of going to the gym. There are other easy ways to do it.
Walk to be physically active. Walking can be very beneficial if you try to make a habit out of it just by changing some of the things you usually do. 27 If yes, why not walk it out instead of using your car
Ride your bike. If you wish to go places that can be too far to walk, you can use your bike instead of your car. Then you’ll enjoy the benefits of physical exercise. 28
Jog to keep yourself fit. Jogging is a fairly easy and effective way to improve your aerobic (有氧的) fitness. 29 Jogging can also offer other benefits aside from helping you keep fit. By going outdoors, you can enjoy fresh air and the surrounding scenery.
30 Taking the stairs instead of the elevator gives your body a good workout. You can try to park your car at the far end of the parking lot and try to walk the rest of the way into your office.
When going out to lunch, you can try walking instead of driving there.
A. It might be much better for you to be outdoors.
B. Loving life means trying to take care of your body.
C. You don’t have to buy a running machine just to do so.
D. Are you planning to go somewhere within a short distance
E. But doing so should not be as hard as you might believe.
F. Even at work, keeping fit can also be included in the daily tasks.
G. What’s more, you may also save quite a lot on fuel costs.
【答案】26. E 27. D 28. G 29. C 30. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何锻炼保持健康提出了一些建议。
26. 根据上文“It may seem difficult. (这似乎很难。)”以及后文“There are many ways that you can keep you fit. If fit without having to go through the usual process of going to the gym. There are other easy ways to do it. (有很多方法可以让你保持健康，而不必经历通常去健身房的过程，还有其他简单的方法。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出保持健康没有想的那么困难。故E选项“但是这样做应该没有你想象的那么难”符合语境，故选E。
27. 根据后文“If yes, why not walk it out instead of using your car (如果是的话，为什么不步行而是开车呢？)”可知，后文主要回答了本句提出的一个问题，故D选项“你打算去一个近距离的地方吗？”符合语境，故选D。
28. 根据上文“Ride your bike. If you wish to go places that can be too far to walk, you can use your bike instead of your car. Then you’ll enjoy the benefits of physical exercise. (骑你的自行车。如果你想去那些走路太远的地方，你可以用自行车代替汽车。然后你就会享受到体育锻炼的好处。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明自行车锻炼的好处。故G选项“更重要的是，你还可以节省很多燃料费用”符合语境，故选G。
29. 根据后文“Jogging can also offer other benefits aside from helping you keep fit. By going outdoors, you can enjoy fresh air and the surrounding scenery. (慢跑除了能帮助你保持健康，还能带来其他好处。到户外去，你可以呼吸新鲜空气，欣赏周围的景色。)”可知，后文主要提出了除了跑步机以外其他的跑步方式。故C选项“你不必为了跑步而买一台跑步机”符合语境，故选C。
30. 根据后文“Taking the stairs instead of the elevator gives your body a good workout. You can try to park your car at the far end of the parking lot and try to walk the rest of the way into your office. (爬楼梯而不是坐电梯能让你的身体得到很好的锻炼。你可以试着把车停在停车场的尽头，然后走着去你的办公室。)”可知，本段主要说明了在日常生活中如何锻炼来保持健康。故F选项“即使在工作中，保持健康也可以包括在日常任务中”符合语境，故选F。
（24-25高二上·湖北襄阳·开学考试）I have collected some examples that should be an inspiration to anyone who desires to be successful. They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder. 31 The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position.
Walt Disney — one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. 32 Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough! In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films. 33 Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company.
Bill Gates-co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers. 34 However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire.
35 I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose. Do you agree or disagree with me
A. So, the one thing successful people never do is: Give up!
B. In 1923, the business went bankrupt.
C. He was greatly depressed.
D. Every experience of failure increases the hunger for success.
E. The company ran up losses between 1974 and 1980 before it was closed.
F. Many factors may affect your success.
G. Before the great success came a number of failures.
【答案】31. D 32. G 33. B 34. E 35. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章通过举例说明了成功人士在成功之前经历过的失败，并强调了失败是成功的垫脚石。
31. 根据前文“They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder.(它们表明，如果你想成功，你应该预料到一路上会有失败。我实际上相信失败可以鼓励你继续努力。)”和后文“The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position.(真正成功的人不会被打败，他们对失败负责，从中吸取教训，从一个更强大的位置重新开始。)”可知，每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。选项D“每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。”符合语境。故选D。
32. 根据前文“Walt Disney — one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. (华特·迪士尼——创造了全球迪斯尼帝国的最伟大的商业领袖之一，包括电影制片厂、主题公园和消费品，但他一开始并不成功。)”和后文“Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough!(信不信由你，沃尔特因为不够有创意而被堪萨斯城星报解雇了！)”可知，沃尔特在取得巨大成功之前并不成功，后文列举了失败的例子。选项G“在取得巨大成功之前经历了许多失败。”符合语境。故选G。
33. 根据前文“In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films.(1922年，他创办了第一家公司，名为Laugh-O-Gram。这家位于堪萨斯的公司将制作卡通片和短广告片。)”和后文“Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company.(沃尔特没有放弃，他收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。)”可知，发生了变故，导致沃尔特收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。选项B“1923年，公司破产了。”，从时间上承接1922，相吻合，符合语境。故选B。
34. 根据前文“Bill Gates-co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers.(微软联合创始人兼董事长比尔·盖茨创办了一家名为Traf-O-Data的公司。他与保罗·艾伦和保罗·吉尔伯特的合作基于一个好主意，但由于商业模式存在缺陷，公司客户很少。)”和后文“However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire.(然而，比尔·盖茨和保罗·艾伦吸取了教训，避免了那些错误，创建了微软帝国。)”可知，后文提到了“那些错误”，空格处应该继续描述这家公司不好的状态，继而引出后文的“创建了微软帝国”。选项E“公司在1974年至1980年间亏损后关闭。”符合语境。故选E。
35. 空格处是最后一段的首句，应该起到总结全文的作用。后文“I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose.(我希望这些能激励和激励每一个渴望成功的人。)”可知，最后一段总结全文列举的成功人士从不放弃的这些例子，对读者进行呼吁。选项A“所以，成功人士从不做的一件事就是：放弃！”符合语境。故选A。
（23-24高二下·云南昭通·开学考试）Why Human Translation Is Better Than Machine
Will AI replace human translators 36 . In the following sections, we will explore four reasons why human translation will always be better than machine translation.
●Machines cannot express feelings and emotions like humans
Nowadays, soft skills like communication and relationship building are more important at work than technical skills. AI systems are indeed fast, sufficient, and accurate. 37 . In fact, these are the very skills that make us human. Humans can gain information from non-verbal cues, while machines just can’t.
● 38
Only a human translator can match and reproduce the style and tone of the source document accurately. With a machine translation, the intended tone and intricate nuances of the original document often get lost. This results in a rather flat and soulless end result. Translating some texts, such as poems and argumentative essays, is challenging for machines. Robots are unable to convey the feeling of the text, resulting in a flat translation.
●Machines can’t keep up with language changes
Machine translation software has to be constantly updated to keep up with these changes. Updating these programs is challenging because they are based on a sophisticated algorithmic system. Human translators, on the other hand, do not have to deal with such difficulties. As we all know, humans are much more adaptable. 39 .
●Machines don’t understand complex human cultures
When it comes to cultural translations, some words may have a specific meaning in one culture but a completely different meaning in another. In fact, in some occasions, even human translators have difficulty achieving a perfect translation, let alone a machine translator.
There’s no denying the importance of machine translation. It has come a long way in recent years, 40 . A professional human-based translation service is still by far the best option for translating high-quality content.
A. Machines can’t match style and tone of a human being
B. Machines can’t match the intelligence of a human being
C. but it still has a long way to go
D. Of course not, there is no replacement for human translation
E. However, they are not wise, emotional, or culturally sensitive
F. A translation cannot be complete without the human touch
G. Hence they can keep up with language changes faster than any AI program
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. A 39. G 40. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章论述了人类翻译比人工智能翻译优越的四个理由。
36. 根据空前“Will AI take the place of human translators (人工智能将会取代人类翻译吗 )”可知，空前提出问题，空后作者给出自己的回答。由此可知，D项“简而言之，人类的翻译无法取代”符合语境，在此处承上启下，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
37. 根据空前“AI systems are indeed fast, rational, and accurate. (人工智能的确快速，有逻辑和准确。)”和空后“In fact, these are the very skills that make us human. (事实上那些技能为人类专有。)”可知，此空和前文构成转折关系，故E项“然而它们并不具备洞察力、共情能力、文化感知力”符合文意，和上文形成转折关系，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
38. 根据段落首句“Only a human translator can match and reproduce the style and tone of the source document accurately. (只有人类翻译者能准确匹配复制原文档的风格和口气。)”可知，A项“机器无法模仿人的风格和语气”是全段的标题，总结该段内容，紧扣关键词style and tone。故选A项。
39. 根据空前“As we all know, humans are much more adaptable. (我们都知道，人类更能适应。)”可知，本句和前文构成因果关系，说明人类适应能力好的结果。上下文紧密连接，故G项“因此他们能比任何一款人工智能更快地跟上语言的变化”符合文意。故选G项。
40. 根据空前“It has come a long way in recent years (人工智能近年来发展很快)”以及后文“A professional human-based translation service is still by far the best option for translating high-quality content. (到目前为止，专业的人工翻译服务仍然是翻译高质量内容的最佳选择。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出人工智能还有很长的路要走。故C项“但是还有很长的路要走”符合文意，和下文构成解释关系，上下文紧密连接。故选C项。
（23-24高二下·辽宁本溪·期末）Traveling is becoming more and more popular every year. It can be passion to so many people. One of the reasons behind this is the advanced transportation system that humans have achieved up to now. 41 There are even personalities who have traveled the entire world.
Everyone has their own reason for traveling. Some people travel for a break in life. At times, our daily life gets very dull. 42 We get bored of doing the same things in the same way again and again every day. We need a breathing space, longing for new adventures in life. Traveling opens new doors of amusement in life.
Traveling helps in improving social and communication skills. 43 Traveling involves getting connected with random strangers. It can be a true exercise to the people dealing with social anxiety. We even end up learning new languages for traveling.
44 Traveling forces us to take a break from our normal life and explore. It makes us appreciate beauties in the world. It fills us with positive energy. People suffering from spiritual illness from stress often choose the path of exploring and traveling to cure themselves. It creates unforgettable and endless fond memories, which comfort them and help ease their stress.
Traveling gets us real life education. People say that if you cannot read books, then start traveling for knowledge. What we learn from traveling different places cannot be taught in any school, college or university. We learn about different cultures, different societies, different types of people, different languages. At least, if we are not able to travel abroad, we can travel our country. 45
A. Traveling offers an escape from reality.
B. This enables us to know it in a better way.
C. We cannot travel without interacting with anyone.
D. Traveling contributes to maintaining peace of mind.
E. It becomes a cycle of having meals, sleeping and working.
F. One can easily travel from one place to another in less time.
G. People of different countries have different ideas of traveling.
【答案】41. F 42. E 43. C 44. D 45. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了旅行的好处。
41. 根据上文的“Traveling is becoming more and more popular every year. It can be passion to so many people. One of the reasons behind this is the advanced transportation system that humans have achieved up to now. (旅游每年都变得越来越受欢迎。对很多人来说，这是一种激情。这背后的原因之一是人类迄今为止已经实现的先进交通系统。)”和下文的“There are even personalities who have traveled the entire world.(有些人甚至环游了整个世界。)”可知，F项(一个人可以很容易地在更短的时间内从一个地方旅行到另一个地方。)承接上文，说明了先进的交通系统使人们可以很容易地在更短的时间内从一个地方旅行到另一个地方，下文指出了先进的交通带来的影响是很大的，即有些人甚至环游了整个世界。故选F项。
42. 根据上文的“Everyone has their own reason for traveling. Some people travel for a break in life. At times, our daily life gets very dull. (每个人都有自己旅行的理由。有些人旅行是为了休息一下。有时，我们的日常生活变得非常枯燥。)”和下文的“We get bored of doing the same things in the same way again and again every day. We need a breathing space, longing for new adventures in life. Traveling opens new doors of amusement in life.(我们厌倦了每天以同样的方式做同样的事情。我们需要一个喘息的空间，渴望生活中的新冒险。旅行为生活打开了新的娱乐之门。)”可知，E项(它变成了一个吃饭、睡觉和工作的循环。)承接上文，说明了日常生活变得非常枯燥的原因所在，下文指出人们对于这个一成不变的循环感到了厌倦，因此想去旅行。故选E项。
43. 根据上文的“Traveling helps in improving social and communication skills. (旅行有助于提高社交和沟通技巧。)”和下文的“Traveling involves getting connected with random strangers. It can be a true exercise to the people dealing with social anxiety. We even end up learning new languages for traveling.(旅行涉及到与随机的陌生人建立联系。对于那些处理社交焦虑的人来说，这是一种真正的锻炼。我们甚至为了旅行而学习新的语言。)”可知，C项(我们不可能不与任何人交流就去旅行。)承接上文，说明了旅行使得人们进行沟通和交流，下文指出了旅行会给社交带来的好处。故选C项。
44. 根据下文的“Traveling forces us to take a break from our normal life and explore. It makes us appreciate beauties in the world. It fills us with positive energy. People suffering from spiritual illness from stress often choose the path of exploring and traveling to cure themselves. It creates unforgettable and endless fond memories, which comfort them and help ease their stress.(旅行迫使我们从正常的生活中休息一下，去探索。它让我们欣赏世界上的美丽。它让我们充满正能量。患有精神疾病的人往往会选择探索和旅行的道路来治愈自己。它创造了难忘和无尽的美好回忆，这让他们感到安慰，帮助他们缓解压力。)”可知，旅行带来众多好处，关键在于它对人内心世界的积极影响，因此D项(旅行有助于保持心灵的平静。)适合作为本段的话题句。故选D项。
45. 根据上文的“Traveling gets us real life education. People say that if you cannot read books, then start traveling for knowledge. What we learn from traveling different places cannot be taught in any school, college or university. We learn about different cultures, different societies, different types of people, different languages. At least, if we are not able to travel abroad, we can travel our country. (旅行给了我们真实的生活教育。人们说，如果你不会读书，那就开始旅行吧。我们从不同的地方旅行中学到的东西是任何学校、学院或大学都无法教给我们的。我们了解不同的文化，不同的社会，不同类型的人，不同的语言。至少，如果我们不能出国旅行，我们可以在我们的国家旅行。)”可知，B项(这使我们能够更好地了解它。)承接上文，说明了在国内旅行可以更好了解自己国家，是在现实中获取知识得到教育的一种方式。故选B项。
（24-25高三上·湖南·开学考试）Ten years ago, not many families in the United States would consider homeschooling a serious option for their children. There were negative feelings about homeschooling, especially among school educators, who considered it crazy or irresponsible. But things have changed now. 46 As homeschooling becomes more widely practiced, school communities are becoming far more accepting and recognize that it can meet real needs.
47 Homeschooling provides community life that is valuable to children. Participating in community life, homeschooled children relate socially with a wide variety of people. 48 Without social pressure from age-separated classrooms, kid feel more comfortable forming friendships.
49 We often hear parents and kids talk about how relieved they feel from being freed of traditional schooling and nightly homework. With independent learning, they have more time to talk and listen; more time to spend in libraries, museums, and concert halls; or to hike, ride bikes, read, or think. These changes are what happens when family life is driven by the needs of families, rather than the needs of institutions.
Homeschooling also creates better learning environments for children who have been wrongly considered as having all sorts of imaginary “learning problems” in public and private schools. The educators want the children to be fixed so that they will fit; the parents correctly sense that their children are fine and only need something different: more space, freedom to move, a safe environment, or respectful treatment from others. 50
A. Homeschooling helps children to broaden their knowledge.
B. In homeschooling families, life is likely to be less stressful.
C. Some people choose homeschooling for socialization benefits.
D. Homeschooling success stories are often reported in the media.
E. People can see how easy it is to get along with homeschooled kids.
F. For these families, homeschooling helps a child build a life that works.
G. The combination of two kinds of schooling has a great effect on a child.
【答案】46. D 47. C 48. E 49. B 50. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了在家上学的益处。
46. 根据上文“There were negative feelings about homeschooling, especially among school educators, who considered it crazy or irresponsible. But things have changed now.”（人们对在家上学持消极态度，尤其是在学校教育工作者中，他们认为这是疯狂的或不负责任的。）根据下文“As homeschooling becomes more widely practiced, school communities are becoming far more accepting and recognize that it can meet real needs.”（随着在家上学的实践越来越广泛，学校社区越来越接受并认识到它可以满足实际需要。）可知，选项承接上下文说明在家上学受欢迎的具体表现。故D选项“媒体经常报道在家上学的成功故事”切题。故选D项。
47. 根据下文“Homeschooling provides community life that is valuable to children. Participating in community life, homeschooled children relate socially with a wide variety of people.”（在家上学为孩子们提供了有价值的社区生活。在家上学的孩子参与社区生活，与各种各样的人建立社会关系。）可知，下文具体解释了在家上学有助于培养社交。所以选项承接下文与社交有关。故C选项“有些人选择在家上学是为了社交”切题。socialization benefits呼应relate socially with a wide variety of people。故选C项。
48. 根据下文“Without social pressure from age-separated classrooms, kid feel more comfortable forming friendships. ”（没有了不同年龄班级的社会压力，孩子们更容易建立友谊。）可知，选项承接下文说明在家学习使得与孩子相处更容易。easy呼应kid feel more comfortable forming friendship。故E选项“人们可以看到与在家上学的孩子相处是多么容易。”切题。故选E项。
49. 根据下文“We often hear parents and kids talk about how relieved they feel from being freed of traditional schooling and nightly homework. With independent learning, they have more time to talk and listen; more time to spend in libraries, museums, and concert halls; or to hike, ride bikes, read, or think.”（我们经常听到父母和孩子们谈论他们从传统的学校教育和夜间作业中解脱出来是多么的轻松。通过自主学习，他们有更多的时间说话和倾听;花更多的时间在图书馆、博物馆和音乐厅;或者去远足、骑自行车、读书或思考。）可知，本段主要在说在家上学减轻了家庭压力。故B选项“在家上学的家庭，生活压力可能会小一些”切题，为本段的标题。故选B项。
50. 根据上文“Homeschooling also creates better learning environments for children who have been wrongly considered as having all sorts of imaginary “learning problems” in public and private schools. The educators want the children to be fixed so that they will fit; the parents correctly sense that their children are fine and only need something different: more space, freedom to move, a safe environment, or respectful treatment from others.”（在家上学也为那些在公立和私立学校被错误地认为有各种想象中的“学习问题”的孩子创造了更好的学习环境。教育者希望孩子们能够适应;父母正确地意识到他们的孩子很好，只是需要一些不同的东西:更多的空间，自由移动，安全的环境，或者尊重他人的对待。）可知，选项承接上文总结上文说明对孩子的重要意义。故F选项“对于这些家庭来说，在家上学可以帮助孩子建立一个有意义的生活。”故选F项。
（23-24高二下·山西晋城·开学考试）Why don’t birds on a wire get a shock
Now how is that possible The fact is, for a living creature to get a shock there has to be a substantial flow of currents through the body. 51 Firstly, the bird not only forms a circuit with the wire, but it also offers high resistance to currents, so currents pass through the wire instead of the bird.
It’s a bit like this, would you prefer going on a smooth road or a road full of holes The answer is obvious. 52 All objects offer some amount of resistance to the flow of currents, depending on the material.
53 However, the most important reason why currents don’t pass through the bird is, there is barely any voltage (电压) difference across the bird. Current flow is actually just a flow of minute charged particles (粒子). These charged particles need an energy input in order for them to move. The amount of energy needed to move the charges from one point to another is measured in terms of the potential difference between the two points.
A bird sitting on high-tension wires has both its feet placed firmly on the same wire. 54 In order for currents to flow through the bird, there must be a sizeable difference in voltage across the body. The potential difference between the bird’s two feet is tiny and so a very small current flows through the bird which can barely be registered.
55 On the other hand if it were to touch the wire and some other object connected to the ground, it would receive a deadly shock.
A. Currents travel like water.
B. There are differences in birds’ shapes.
C. Just like you, the current prefers taking the easier path.
D. This is just one of the reasons why birds don’t get a shock.
E. However, there’s barely any current running through the bird’s body for two reasons.
F. Therefore, the net potential difference from one end of the bird to the other is almost zero.
G. If the bird were to touch the wire and another wire at the same time, it would receive a mild shock.
【答案】51. E 52. C 53. D 54. F 55. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了为什么鸟站在电线上不会被电击的原因。
51. 由下文“Firstly, the bird not only forms a circuit with the wire, but it also offers high resistance to currents, so currents pass through the wire instead of the bird.(首先，鸟不仅与电线形成电路，而且对电流具有高电阻，因此电流通过电线而不是鸟。)”可知，这里解释了为什么电流不通过鸟的原因。而E项“However, there’s barely any current running through the bird’s body for two reasons.(然而，由于两个原因，几乎没有电流流过这只鸟的身体。)”符合语境，其中reasons与下文的解释对应，有启下作用。故选E项。
52. 由上文“It’s a bit like this, would you prefer going on a smooth road or a road full of holes The answer is obvious.(有点像这样，你更喜欢走平坦的路还是满是凹凸不平的路？答案是显而易见的。)”可知，这里提出问题，显而易见，你会选择平坦的路。而C项“Just like you, the current prefers taking the easier path.(和你一样，电流更喜欢走更容易的路。)”符合语境，其中you与上文对应，path与上文 road对应，有承上作用。故选C项。
53. 由下文“However, the most important reason why currents don’t pass through the bird is, there is barely any voltage (电压) difference across the bird.(然而，电流不能通过鸟的最重要原因是，鸟身上几乎没有任何电压差。)”可知，这里在讲另外的原因，而D项“This is just one of the reasons why birds don’t get a shock(这只是鸟类不会受到电击的原因之一)”符合语境，其中This指代上文的解释，just one of the reasons也与后文the most important reason 对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选D项。
54. 由上文“A bird sitting on high-tension wires has both its feet placed firmly on the same wire.(一只鸟坐在高压电线上，双脚牢牢地放在同一根电线上。)”可知，这里讲述鸟的双脚是放在同一根电线上，而F项“Therefore, the net potential difference from one end of the bird to the other is almost zero(因此，从鸟的一端到另一端的净电势差几乎为零。)”符合语境，针对上一句的现象解释了鸟不被点击的原因。所以有承上作用。故选F项。
55. 由下文“On the other hand if it were to touch the wire and some other object connected to the ground, it would receive a deadly shock.(另一方面，如果它接触到电线和其它连接到地面的物体，它会受到致命的电击)”可知，这里讲述了鸟会被电击的一种情况，而G项“If the bird were to touch the wire and another wire at the same time, it would receive a mild shock(如果这只鸟同时接触电线和另一根电线，它会受到轻微的电击)”符合语境，也讲了鸟被电击的一种情况，If与后文对应，有启下作用。故选G项。
（23-24高二下·浙江·开学考试）There’s a long-standing argument in scientific circles over how to classify viruses. They’re not lifeless, because they multiply and have genes. Yet they’re not “alive,” as they don’t have cells, and can’t survive on their own. Viruses reproduce by hijacking (劫持) the host’s cells, eventually causing them to burst and die. 56 In order to protect ourselves from them, we have to know some basic facts about viruses.
57 People often think of just a few viruses — influenza, HIV, and now coronaviruses — but they are the most plentiful microbes (微生物) on the planet. There are about 320,000 types that infect mammals, but just 219 are known to infect humans.
You can get some viruses more than once. There’s a popular myth that once you’ve had a virus, you’re immune to (对……免疫) it. 58 When you get a virus, your body builds up antibodies to fight it. However, not everyone makes enough antibodies, and they can wear off over time, which is why you need booster shots of some vaccines.
You can be contagious (传染性的) without ever showing symptoms. Some viruses can be spread via people who never had signs of the illness or who don’t have symptoms yet. Some people may even be “super-spreaders”. 59 Take precautions to prevent spreading viruses even when you don’t feel sick.
If you’re very overweight, you need to be extra cautious. Obese people are contagious with the flu virus 42 percent longer than those who aren’t obese. Because obesity is linked to many health problems, it may affect your immune system. 60
A. But that’s not always the case.
B. There are many more viruses than you think.
C. Loss of taste or smell is an early warning sign.
D. Extra weight may make the flu shot (流感疫苗) less effective too.
E. Sleep as much as possible to help your body to recover.
F. That’s why viruses that infect humans nearly always cause illness.
G. They will infect dozens to hundreds of other people without even realizing it.
【答案】56. F 57. B 58. A 59. G 60. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关病毒的知识。
56. 上文“Viruses reproduce by hijacking (劫持) the host’s cells, eventually causing them to burst and die.(病毒通过劫持宿主细胞来繁殖，最终导致宿主细胞破裂死亡)”说明，病毒的繁殖导致宿主细胞死亡，选项F“这就是为什么感染人类的病毒几乎总是会致病的原因。”和上文存在因果关系，病毒导致细胞死亡，进而导致了疾病。故选F项。
57. 下文“People often think of just a few viruses—influenza, HIV, and now coronaviruses—but they are the most plentiful microbes (微生物) on the planet. (人们通常只想到几种病毒——流感病毒、艾滋病病毒和现在的冠状病毒——但它们是地球上数量最多的微生物)”说明病毒比人们想到的几种要多得多，选项B“病毒比你想象的要多得多。”概括引领下文。故选B项。
58. 上文“There’s a popular myth that once you’ve had a virus, you’re immune to (对……免疫) it.(有一个受欢迎的荒诞说法，一旦你感染过某种病毒，你就对它免疫了)”和下文“When you get a virus, your body builds up antibodies to fight it. However, not everyone makes enough antibodies, and they can wear off over time, which is why you need booster shots of some vaccines.(当你感染病毒时，你的身体会产生抗体来对抗它。然而，并不是每个人都能产生足够的抗体，而且它们会随着时间的推移而消失，这就是为什么你需要加强注射一些疫苗)”说明上下文发生转折，下文说明情况并不总是上文所说“感染过就免疫了”，选项A“但情况并非总是如此。”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。
59. 上文“Some viruses can be spread via people who never had signs of the illness or who don’t have symptoms yet. Some people may even be ‘super-spreaders’. (有些病毒可以通过从未有过疾病迹象或尚未出现症状的人传播。有些人甚至可能是‘超级传播者’)”介绍病毒的传播性，选项G“他们会在不知不觉中感染几十到几百人。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，是上文的结果。故选G项。
60. 上文“Obese people are contagious with the flu virus 42 percent longer than those who aren’t obese. Because obesity is linked to many health problems, it may affect your immune system.(肥胖者感染流感病毒的时间比非肥胖者长42%。因为过度肥胖与许多健康问题有关，它可能会影响你的免疫系统)”介绍过度肥胖会造成健康问题，选项D“超重也可能使流感疫苗效果降低。”承接上文，说明肥胖造成的另一问题，可能使流感疫苗效果降低。上文中obesity和选项中Extra weight语义一致，故选D项。
（23-24高三下·四川雅安·开学考试）Earth Hour is an annual event, asking you to switch off all your lights for one hour in positive change for our planet. It is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature and it’s a big event usually at the end of March every year. 61 , which means switching off all lights everywhere at the same time for one hour.
Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. 62 , and many countries around the world have taken part.
It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a little power. 63 . Joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and how to protect nature so that people can enjoy healthy and sustainable lives. Besides, many people acting together pushes governments and companies to consider green issues when making big decisions.
64 . The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour, and the plus invites people to keep on taking action even after Earth Hour is finished. In fact, people joining in Earth Hour say that taking part in it inspires them to do more for the environment. The climate activist Greta Thunberg says, “Earth Hour is every hour of every day.”
Why is it in March At the end of March in the northern and southern hemispheres (半球), the days and the nights are almost of the same length. 65 , so it is dark in the evening in each country for the Earth Hour switch-off.
A. But this is only the beginning
B. The logo of Earth Hour is “60+”
C. On this evening, people “go dark”
D. There are many events people can join in
E. Since then it has grown into an international event
F. The idea is to raise the awareness of environmental issues
G. At this time, the sunset time is similar in both hemispheres
【答案】61. C 62. E 63. A 64. B 65. G
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了“地球一小时”活动的相关情况。
61. 由下文“which means switching off all lights everywhere at the same time for one hour. (这意味着在同一时间关掉所有地方的灯一个小时)”可知，关掉所有地方的灯一个小时的时候，人们的世界就黑了，故C选项“On this evening, people “go dark” (在这个晚上，人们“进入黑暗状态”)”在语义上一致，能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。
62. 由上文“Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007, when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all unnecessary lights for an hour. (“地球一小时”始于2007年的澳大利亚，当时悉尼有220万人关掉所有不必要的灯一小时。)”可知，本空要说跟“2007年后活动发展”有关的话题，故E选项“Since then it has grown into an international event (从那时起，它已经发展成为一项国际活动)”能承接上文，符合题意。 E项中的Since then 意为“从那以后”，这里“那”是指上文的2007年。故选E。
63. 由上文“It’s true that switching off the lights for just one hour saves only a little power. (的确，关灯一小时只能省一点电。)”和后文“Joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and how to protect nature so that people can enjoy healthy and sustainable lives. (参加“地球一小时”让人们思考气候变化的问题，以及如何保护自然，让人们能够享受健康和可持续的生活。)”可知，本空要说跟“关灯一小时只是开始”有关的话题，引出下文讲关灯一小时的进一步意义，故A选项“But this is only the beginning (但这只是一个开始)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。
64. 由下文“The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour, and the plus invites people to keep on taking action even after Earth Hour is finished. (数字60代表“地球一小时”的60分钟，加号邀请人们在“地球一小时”结束后继续采取行动。)”可知，本空要说跟“60和加号”有关的话题，故B选项“The logo of Earth Hour is “60+” (“地球一小时”的标志是“60+”)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。
65. 由上文“Why is it in March At the end of March in the northern and southern hemispheres (半球), the days and the nights are almost of the same length. (为什么是在三月？在三月底的北半球和南半球，白天和黑夜的长度几乎是一样的。)”可知，在南北半球的三月底，昼夜长短几乎相同，所以两个半球的日落时间相似，故G选项“At this time, the sunset time is similar in both hemispheres (此时，两个半球的日落时间相似)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
（23-24高二下·湖南·开学考试）Once considered an optional lifestyle choice, recycling has become a commonplace activity in most areas. One type of recycling, called downcycling, involves re-purposing a material into a new product of lesser quality. 66
Downcycling is most common in terms of industrial materials. These products lose their value as they are recycled, which limits their capacity for new use. 67 White writing paper, for example, is often downcycled into cardboard; once downcycled to this new form, it can no longer be used as white paper again. Another example of downcycling includes the use of plastic components.
68 Plastic, glass, and aluminium products coded with the number one may be remade into something of equal or greater value. This type of recycling is known as upcycling, and represents the forward compatibility of recycled components. Materials available for downcycling, such as water, juice, and milk bottles, are coded with the number two. They may not be used to contain food-grade items again upon being downcycled.
Items available for downcycling often require additional chemicals, energy, and other treatments in order to transform them into something usable. 69 Trash bins, tables, and chairs are also considered materials with a high energy cost to recycle.
70 This usually occurs when a substance is blended with other substances, such as different types of plastic with various recycling codes. Since these products can no longer be made into new ones, they will either have to be reused or discarded, typically in a landfill.
A. Their recycled form is typically both weaker and cheaper than their original one.
B. When a product reaches a code seven, it is considered no longer recyclable
C. Durable plastic products in particular require much additional treatment.
D. Giving products a new life is considered a good way to reuse materials and avoid waste.
E. It can include varying grades of plastic, paper products, and other materials.
F. These recycled materials may often be put into new use.
G. Products are provided with codes to determine their grades and whether or not they may be recycled.
【答案】66. E 67. A 68. G 69. C 70. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种回收形式—降级回收，这种回收方式是将材料重新加工成质量更低的新产品。
66. 根据空前内容“One type of recycling, called downcycling, involves re-purposing a material into a new product of lesser quality.(其中一种回收被称为降级回收，涉及将一种材料重新利用成质量较低的新产品。)”可知，空前提到了降级回收的方式。选项E“It can include varying grades of plastic, paper products, and other materials.(它可以包括不同等级的塑料、纸制品和其他材料。)”是上文内容的自然延续，继续介绍了降级回收的相关信息。故选E。
67. 根据空后所举例子“White writing paper, for example, is often downcycled into cardboard; once downcycled to this new form, it can no longer be used as white paper again.(例如，白色的信纸经常被降级为硬纸板；一旦降级为这种新形式，它就不能再作为白纸使用了。)”可知，下文所举例子指的是白色信纸被降级为硬纸板，所以不能再作为白纸使用。选项A“Their recycled form is typically both weaker and cheaper than their original one.(它们的回收形式通常比原来的更弱，也更便宜。)”与下文所举例子内容上保持一致，指的是降级回收是将材料加工成质量更低的新产品。故选A。
68. 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Plastic, glass, and aluminium products coded with the number one may be remade into something of equal or greater value. This type of recycling is known as upcycling, and represents the forward compatibility of recycled components. Materials available for downcycling, such as water, juice, and milk bottles, are coded with the number two.(标有数字1的塑料、玻璃和铝制品可以重新制造成同等或更高价值的产品。这种类型的回收被称为升级回收，代表了回收部件的向前兼容性。可用于降级回收的材料，如水、果汁和牛奶瓶，都标有数字2。)”可知，下文讲述的是产品上的代码或数字，代表的是其等级以及是否可以回收。选项G“Products are provided with codes to determine their grades and whether or not they may be recycled.(产品附有代码，以确定其等级和是否可以回收。)”与本段主要内容一致，指的是产品代码确定了其等级和是否可以回收。故选G。
69. 根据空前内容“Items available for downcycling often require additional chemicals, energy, and other treatments in order to transform them into something usable.(可用于降级回收的材料往往需要额外的化学物质、能量或其他的处理来把它们转变成可用的东西。)”可知本段讲的是降级回收的处理方式，而选项C“Durable plastic products in particular require much additional treatment.(耐用塑料尤其需要很多额外处理。)”与上句衔接起递进作用。故选C。
70. 根据空后内容“This usually occurs when a substance is blended with other substances, such as different types of plastic with various recycling codes. Since these products can no longer be made into new ones, they will either have to be reused or discarded, typically in a landfill.(这通常发生在一种物质与其他物质混合时，例如具有不同的回收代码的不同类型的塑料。由于这些产品不能再制成新产品，它们要么必须重复使用，要么被丢弃，通常是在垃圾填埋场。)”可知，本段讲述不能回收的产品。选项B“When a product reaches a code seven, it is considered no longer recyclable(当产品达到代码7时，它被认为不再可回收。)”符合语境，下文对词具体介绍说明不能回收的产品。故选B。
（23-24高三下·浙江·开学考试）Cruise through many neighborhoods or parks around the world, and you will find no shortage of well-mowed expanses of grass. Lawns (草坪) do look attractive. 71 Additionally, they can require environmentally questionable practices to maintain. Researchers and landscape architects are increasingly considering alternatives that are more sustainable, demand fewer resources and help people connect more intimately with nature. Here follows an edited excerpt of the conversation between researchers MariaIgnatieva and Marcus Hedblom.
Why did lawns become so popular
72 They were like a special frontier that separated cities and towns from the wilderness. A lawn was always a symbol of how a civilized society should be. That’s why it was so powerful. And of course, they are also important for recreation.
What environmental problems are lawns causing
Lawns are homogenizing the environment, not only in terms of biodiversity but also visually. You compare countries’ and cities’ urban landscapes around the world, and they look exactly the same. 73 Mowers burn fossil fuels and emit gases that heat up the atmosphere.
74
You have to find your own local solution. We can take inspiration from the natural plant communities around us. In suburban and rural areas, that might mean having a meadow or prairie. In other places, it might be a savanna like environment or mountain plants. You can have a “grass-free” lawn; with only low-growing plants that create the same effect as a lawn, and you can walk on it.
How can we persuade people to adopt these alternatives
When people see them, they appreciate them and like them. 75 We also have to try to change the minds of decision makers, including politicians. We need to show the public there are different ways of handling our urban environment and making it better.
A. So it is all about education.
B. What are these alternatives
C. And it is understandable fondness.
D. What are the inspirations of lawns
E. However, they choke out biodiversity.
F. Lawns came to be seen as a symbol of civilization and a way of life.
G. Lawn upkeep takes resources, fertilizer and pesticide that enter groundwater and runoff water.
【答案】71. E 72. F 73. G 74. B 75. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文是关于草坪替代方案的讨论。草坪虽然美观，但是对环境造成了问题。草坪使环境同质化，与此同时，修剪草坪需要大量资源和环境不友好的做法。研究者认为需要推广更可持续、更节约资源的替代方案，如草地、草原、山区植物等。人们需要了解这些替代方案，并改变决策者的观念。
71. 根据前文“Cruise through many neighborhoods or parks around the world, and you will find no shortage of well-mowed expanses of grass. Lawns (草坪) do look attractive. (巡游世界各地的许多社区或公园，你会发现不缺修剪得很好的大片草地。草坪看起来确实很吸引人。)”和后文“Additionally, they can require environmentally questionable practices to maintain. (此外，它们可能需要有环境问题的做法来维持。)”可知，修剪很好的草坪确实看起来很吸引人，但需要对环境有害的方法维护，因此推知划线处应该与前文构成转折，讲述大面积修剪草坪的缺点。E选项“However, they choke out biodiversity.( 然而，它们扼杀了生物多样性)”与前文构成转折，并且与下文呼应，符合语境。故选E。
72. 根据前文“Why did lawns become so popular ( 为什么草坪变得如此受欢迎？)”以及后文“They were like a special frontier that separated cities and towns from the wilderness. (它们就像一条特殊的边界，把城镇和荒野隔开。)”可知，本段回答的是为什么草坪会如此受欢迎；后文指出草坪是特殊

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