Unit 1 Encyclopaedias
单元话题阅读理解练习
（22-23八年级上·广东广州·阶段练习）Monarch butterflies from eastern Canada make the most amazing journey in the insect world. Each year, this butterfly travels about 3000 miles to its winter home in central Mexico. How can it fly so far And why does it make this long and dangerous trip Scientists still don’t have an answer.
For many years, people in Mexico wondered where the orange-and-black butterflies came from every winter. Then, in 1937, a scientist started to follow and study the butterflies. For the next 20 years, he discovered that one butterfly started its journey in Canada. Four months later, it arrived in Mexico.
The length of the butterflies find their way back to the same place Another amazing thing is that the butterflies always return to the same area in central Mexico.
How do the butterflies find their way back to the same place This is an interesting question because only every fourth generation（代）makes the trip south. In other words, the butterfly that travels to Mexico this year is the great-great-grandchild of the butterfly that traveled there last year.
Each year, four generations of a Monarch butterfly family are born. Each generation of the family has a very different life. The first generation is born in the south in late April. It slowly moves north, reproduces（繁衍）, and then dies. On the trip north, two more generations are born, reproduce, and die. Each of these generations of butterflies is born. This generation has a much longer life. It lives for about eight months. This generation of butterflies makes the amazing journey back to the winter home of its great-great-grandparents. The butterflies spend the winter there, and in the spring they reproduce and then die. Their offspring will be the first generation of the next circle of life.
Today, people are still studying the Monarch butterfly. But they are not clear about everything.
1．The best title of the passage can be ________.
A．Family of Monarch butterflies B．Mystery of Monarch butterflies
C．Monarch butterflies’ birthplace D．Monarch butterflies’ winter home
2．We know that the ________ generation of Monarch butterflies travel back to central Mexico.
A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
3．The underlined word “offspring” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.
A．seasons B．butterflies C．children D．parents
4．Which statement is true according to the text
A．Monarch butterflies spend winter in eastern Canada.
B．The four generations have the same length of life.
C．Some generations die on the way north of Canada.
D．Scientists are clear about everything of the butterflies.
（22-23八年级上·广东广州·阶段练习）The science teacher, Mr. Litmus, asked his students to study animals at the weekend. They could write a short report and share it with the rest of the class. In the Monday’s science class, some talked about dogs, others about horses. But the most interesting story of all was made by little Sophie.
“I found that flies are terribly bad-tempered (脾气坏的)”, she said.
Everyone smiled. Then Sophie said, “I spent hours in my house watching flies. When they found a window, they would really start buzzing (嗡嗡响). I always thought they made that noise with their wings, but they don’t. A further watch let me see clearly that in fact they were shouting and crying. They were angry that they couldn’t fly out of the window. A butterfly tried to tell them that the top of the window was open, but the flies didn’t listen and just kept on shouting and complaining.”
Mr. Litmus laughed and told the class that the flies’ action had nothing to do with anger. Instead, it was an example of animals having different intelligence (智力). They agreed that the next day they would write down the order of animals’ intelligence.
The next day, many parents had to come to the science class and complain (抱怨), because their children thought their parents were among the least intelligent of animals! The children said this was because the parents often did nothing but complain and they never listened to anyone.
Mr. Litmus had to calm down some parents. This really helped some of them realize that they often do things not very cleverly.
5．According to Mr. Litmus, the flies started buzzing when they couldn’t fly out of the window because ________.
A．they were angry B．they were not intelligent
C．they were communicating with others D．they couldn’t understand butterflies’ words
6．Which of the following can describe Sophie
a. Interesting. b. Careful. c. Honest. d. Brave.
A．ab B．bc C．bd D．ad
7．What does the underlined word “them” refer to
A．Students. B．Parents. C．Animals. D．Teachers.
8．What is the best title for the passage
A．Bad temper of flies B．Complaints from the parents
C．Science reports by the students D．Trouble from the Science Class
（21-22八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions of the last 50 years, but not everything that is said about them is good. Mobiles are often believed to be the cause of a number of things from poor eyesight and headaches to house fires. There’s even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees!
The theory is that the radiation (辐射) given off by mobile phones does great harm to bees’ navigation systems (导航系统). Bees have built-in system a bit like GPS and this helps them find their way back to their hives (蜂巢). But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. It is believed they are dying far from their hives.
The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more serious than it at first seems. The important thing about bees is that most of the crops in many countries of the world are pollinated by them. Without bees, the crops can’t continue to grow. Many beekeepers in Europe have reported losing between 50 and 70 percent of their bees. Jim Piper, London beekeeper, said to the reporter, “My business is becoming wore. Twenty-nine of my forty hives are now empty.”
Nobody knows for sure whether the theory is true or not, but it’s a fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers. And we can’t manage without them. Einstein said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years! If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about it right now—before it’s too late.
9．What might be caused by mobiles according to Paragraph 1
A．Poor listening. B．The forest fires.
C．The disappearance of bees. D．Terrible toothache.
10．What does the theory in the passage say
A．Bees have GPS inside their bodies.
B．Mobiles have an influence on bees’ hives.
C．The radiation makes bees unable to fly.
D．The radiation makes bees lose their way home.
11．What does Paragraph-3 mainly tell us
A．Crops will stop growing.
B．Beekeepers’ business is getting worse.
C．Bees’ disappearing is a serious problem.
D．Beekeepers in Europe found the problem first.
12．The author wrote this passage to ________.
A．cull on people to help beekeepers.
B．show how a bee’s built-in system works.
C．ask people to stop using mobiles right away.
D．warn people of the possible harm mobiles do to bees.
13．In which section of the newspaper can we probably read his article
A．Education. B．Fashion. C．Science. D．Sport.
（22-23八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Swifts（雨燕） live mostly in the air. These small birds are among the fastest animals on Earth. In fact, swifts can go two or three days without touching the ground! To get used to life in the sky, swifts use their speed and the saliva（唾液）in their mouths.
Swifts can fly faster than 100 miles per hour. That’s because their wings are like boomerangs （飞行器）. This shape of the wings helps them to fly much faster. They can also move one wing faster than the other, which allows them to make sharp turns without slowing down. Making fast, sharp turns helps swifts catching flying bugs to eat.
The saliva helps swifts catch bugs to feed their young. It is sticky, like glue. Swifts often fly into clouds of bugs such as mosquitoes and open their wide mouths to catch as many insects as they can. The bird collects insects in its mouth gradually and holds the insects in a sticky ball of saliva. One food ball can contain nearly 1,000 bugs.
Swifts also use their saliva as glue to build their nests. The birds catch feathers in the air and stick the feathers together to build a strong nest on the side of a building. Swifts’ short feet are not good for walking or standing on land for long. But their sharp claws allow them to stick to rocks and walls so they can take a brief rest before returning their lives in the sky.
14．The second paragraph mainly talks about ________.
A．how fast swifts can fly B．how swifts turn around in the sky
C．why swifts make sharp turns D．why swifts can fly and turn so fast
15．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3
A．the saliva B．the swifts C．the bugs D．the glue
16．Which of the following is TRUE about swifts
A．Swifts don’t usually live on land because of their wings.
B．Swifts can fly for a long time because of their small bodies.
C．Swifts can’t walk for a long time because of their short feet.
D．Swifts can catch nearly 1,000 bugs in one go with the saliva.
17．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Life in the Sky B．A Small Pet C．The Fastest Speed D．The Special Saliva
18．Which of the following best show the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
（22-23八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Chinese scientists have discovered a new kind of dinosaur that lived 200 million years ago in what is today Southwest China’s Yunnan Province. The scientists plan to carry out further research into how the dinosaur moved and its family relationships.
Some fossils of the dinosaur were found several years ago in Yuxi, Yunnan Province, but they were not enough to make sure what kind of dinosaurs they are. However, the recent discovery has provided enough fossil materials to identify it as Asia’s earliest known thyreophoran dinosaurs(覆盾甲龙) for the first time.
The research team at the School of Life Sciences in Yunnan University has their research printed in the magazine e-Life. “It is such a meaningful discovery that our team can’t wait to have a deep research on it. The newly found dinosaur will be good for our study of the living environment after disappearance of some creatures from 250 million BC to 200 million BC,” said Xu Xing, one of the researchers.
According to the study, the dinosaur was about 3 meters long with four legs. At the same time, it could use its two front legs to catch the leaves of plants when needed. Recent study has shown that this dinosaur’s group spread rapidly, reaching all around the world within 10,000 years. Besides, the fossils provide evidence(证据) for how the different parts of the Earth moved at that time.
The team plans to take some parts from the fossil to study how the dinosaur grew and to build a 3D model to study how it moved. “The current fossil is still not fully complete. After we fill in the missing pieces, we can also make a 3D printed model for public education. Yunnan is the kingdom of dinosaurs, so we believe that other unnamed dinosaurs will also be discovered in this place” said Xu.
19．When did the newly found dinosaur lived
A．10,000 years ago. B．200 million years ago.
C．250 million years ago. D．20,000 years ago.
20．What does the discovery bring to the researchers
A．Some ffossils found in Yunnan University.
B．Some reasons for the disappearance of dinosaurs.
C．A chance to learn the future environment.
D．A record as the earliest known thyreophoran dinosaurs in Asia.
21．Which of the following statement is true
A．Some fossils of the dinosaur were found in Hunan Province.
B．The research team has their research printed in the magazine e-Life.
C．According to the study, the dinosaur was about 30 meters long with four legs.
D．This dinosaur’s group reached all around the world within 100,000 years.
22．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．They team will make a 3D film about the dinosaur.
B．They team will find all the dinosaurs in Yunnan Province.
C．They team will make the dinosaur model educational.
D．They team will study why the dinosaur is not fully complete.
23．What is the structure of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期中）Here are some pieces of information from an encyclopedia.
Dinosaur
The most famous dinosaur was the T-Rex. It lived about 65 million year ago. It came from America. It had two legs and two short arms. It had a huge head with a very big mouth and fifty-eight very sharp teeth. It ate meat. It killed other dinosaurs and ate them too.
Giraffe (长颈鹿)
Giraffes are the tallest animals of all today. They live in parts of Africa. Their necks are long so they can reach into trees to eat the leaves. Leaves give giraffes most of the water they need so that they do not often have to drink water.
Hummingbird (蜂鸟)
Hummingbirds are the smallest birds in the world. They live in the south American forest. Though the hummingbird is not bigger than a bee and weighs only 2 to 3 grams, it can fly as fast as 50 metres in a second. It can fly forwards as most birds do, and it can fly backwards as well. The strangest thing about it, however, is that it can stay still in the air just like an airplane.
24．Which of the following about the T-Tex is NOT true
A．It came from America. B．It had the smallest head.
C．It walked on two legs. D．It never ate leaves and plants.
25．Why does a giraffe only drink once a day
A．Because he can drink enough at a time.
B．Because he doesn’t need much water.
C．Because he has a stomach like a camel does.
D．Because leaves give him enough water.
26．According to this passage, we can know that ________.
A．Most of the hummingbirds live in the north American forest
B．A hummingbird can even fly backwards
C．A hummingbird can stay still in the water
D．A hummingbird is not smaller than a bee
27．A hummingbird can fly as fast as ________ meters in a second.
A．50 B．500 C．15 D．150
（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期中）Every year, hundreds of millions of monarch butterflies from Canada and the United States fly 5,000 kilometers to Michoacan in central Mexico. They arrived at the forest in Michoacan in late October and spent the next five months clustering together in the trees or the ground. The forest are orange and black in those months because of the large number of the butterflies. Sometimes, there are so many of them in a single tree that the tree branches bend or even break.
The forest are now protected by law, and the breathtaking views of the butterflies attract a great many visitors every year. However, the number of monarch butterflies is continuing to reduce mainly due to human activities.
Illegal logging (非法采伐) is one of the major threats to monarch butterflies as it destroys their homes. In 2015, some people cut down trees in a central area in the forests. They had cleared nine hectares (公顷) of trees before being stopped and taken to the police station. However, they were set free only hours later, though they should have been put in prison for five to eight years according to the law.
Another major threat to the butterflies is the use of herbicides (除草剂). Herbicides kill the milkweed—a kind of plant. A monarch butterfly grows on it, from an egg to an adult.
The number of monarch butterflies in Mexico has fallen by more than 80 percent over the past 20 years. If we don’t do anything to protect the butterflies, we are likely to lose one of the greatest natural wonders in the near future.
28．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about
A．The sights in Michoacan.
B．Introduction about monarch butterflies.
C．The monarch butterflies’ colour.
D．The food that monarch butterflies eat.
29．What does the underlined word “breathtaking” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Simple. B．Boring. C．Amazing. D．Common.
30．What mainly causes monarch butterflies in danger
A．The climate change. B．Illegal logging.
C．The use of herbicides. D．Both B and C．
31．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To ask people to protect monarch butterflies.
B．To call on people to visit Michoacan.
C．To describe the dangerous situation of all butterflies.
D．To tell about a great place to watch monarch butterflies.
（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期中）Dolphins are not fish. They are mammals(哺乳动物). They live in groups and speak to each other in their own language. But they are quite different from almost all land animals. Their brain (大脑) is as big as men’s and they live a long life—at least 20 or 30 years.
Like some animals, dolphins use sounds to help them find their way around. They also use these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. They do not use their ears to receive sounds, but use the jaw—the lower part of the mouth.
It is strange that dolphins are friendly to men, and for thousands of years, there are many stories about dolphins and men. In the 19th century, in dangerous part of the sea near New Zealand, there was a dolphin. The seamen liked him very much and gave him a very good name, Jack. From 1871 to 1903, Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way. In 1903, a passenger on a boat with the name of the Penguin shot and hurt Jack. Luckily the dolphin didn’t die, and after a long time he was well again. He guided the ships through the area for nine more years, but he refused to help the boat The Penguin.
Today, some people still kill dolphins, but many countries in the world now protect them. In these places, people are not allowed to kill them.
32．The word “jaw” means ________ in Chinese.
A．下颚 B．嘴巴 C．嘴唇 D．鼻子
33．How do dolphins find their way
A．They use their noses to smell the way. B．They use their ears to hear the sounds.
C．They use their eyes to see the way. D．They use sounds to find the way.
34．Who was Jack
A．The writer B．A dolphin C．A seaman D．The passenger
35．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT right
A．Dolphins are not fish. B．Dolphins don’t live in groups.
C．Dolphins are kind and friendly to people. D．Dolphins can live a long life.
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C
【导语】本文讲述了对黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙的研究。
1．最佳标题题。由文章第一段提出的一系列问题“How can it fly so far And why does it make this long and dangerous trip Scientists still don’t have an answer.”及下文科学家的一系列发现可知，本文主要讲述的是科学家对黑脉金斑蝶迁徙的研究，因此可推断选项B“黑脉金斑碟之谜”是最好的标题。故选B。
2．推理判断题。由第四段中“In other words, the butterfly that travels to Mexico this year is the great-great-grandchild of the butterfly that traveled there last year.”可知今年迁徙到墨西哥的是去年飞往墨西哥的曾曾孙辈，也就是第四代蝴蝶。故选D。
3．词义猜测题。根据“The butterflies spend the winter there, and in the spring they reproduce and then die. Their offspring will be the first generation of the next circle of life.”可知，他们的offspring将会成下一个生命周期的第一代，可以推测出offspring是他们的“孩子”，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“The first generation is born in the south in late April. It slowly moves north, reproduces（繁衍）, and then dies. On the trip north, two more generations are born, reproduce, and die.”可知，有些代在北上加拿大的路上死去。故选C。
5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文主要讲述科学老师让学生们观察一个特殊的动物，有位学生观察的是苍蝇，科学老师说不同的动物有不同的智力，随后的作业引起了家长的误会。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段“ Instead, it was an example of animals having different intelligence.”可推理出，据Mr. Litmus说，当苍蝇无法飞出窗外时，它们开始嗡嗡作响，是因为它们不聪明。故选B。
6．推理判断题。Interesting有趣的；Careful仔细的；Honest诚实的；Brave勇敢的。根据第一段“But the most interesting story of all was made by little Sophie.”和第三段Sophie对苍蝇的一系列描述可知，Sophie对苍蝇观察的很仔细，可推理出可以描述Sophie的是有趣和仔细。故选A。
7．词句猜测题。Students学生；Parents父母；Animals动物；Teachers老师。根据上文“Mr. Litmus had to calm down some parents.”可知，下文是指帮助到家长中的一些人意识到，他们做事情往往不是很聪明。故下划线的“them”应是代指“家长”。故选B。
8．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，因为科学老师给学生布置的题目，导致家长来到学校抱怨。故文章的最佳标题应是“来自科学课的烦恼”。故选D。
9．C 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了人们使用手机产生的辐射可能对蜜蜂造成伤害。
9．细节理解题。根据“There’s even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees!”可知手机甚至可以导致蜜蜂的消失，故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据“The theory is that the radiation (辐射) given off by mobile phones does great harm to bees’ navigation systems (导航系统). Bees have built-in system a bit like GPS and this helps them find their way back to their hives (蜂巢). But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. ”可知手机的辐射使蜜蜂迷失了回家的路。故选D。
11．段落大意题。根据“The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more serious than it at first seems.”以及本段可知，这段主要讲述了蜜蜂的消失是个严重的问题。故选C。
12．主旨大意题。根据“There’s even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees!”以及全文可知作者写这篇文章是为了警告人们手机对蜜蜂可能造成的伤害。故选D。
13．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了人们使用手机产生的辐射可能对蜜蜂造成伤害，所以可以在科学部分看到。故选C。
14．D 15．A 16．C 17．A 18．C
【导语】本文介绍雨燕主要生活在空中，及其能长时间生活在空中的原因。
14．段落大意题。根据“Swifts can fly faster than 100 miles per hour. That’s because their wings are like boomerangs. They can also move one wing faster than the other,which allows them to make sharp turns without slowing down.”可知，第二段主要讲述雨燕飞得快和能够急转的原因。故选D。
15．词句猜测题。根据“The saliva helps swifts catch bugs to feed their young. It is sticky, like glue.”可知，唾液帮助雨燕抓住昆虫喂养它们的幼鸟。它有粘性，就像胶水。因此it指代的是”唾液”。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据“Swifts’ short feet are not good for walking or standing on land for long.”可知，雨燕不能长时间行走是因为它们的短脚。故选C。
17．标题归纳题。本文介绍了雨燕主要生活在空中，它们飞得很快，能够急转，以及它们怎样觅食和筑巢，故最佳标题应该是“空中的生命”。故选A。
18．篇章结构题。文章第一段概述雨燕生活在空中，第二段具体介绍它飞得快和能够急转的原因，第三、四段介绍它的唾液的作用。故正确的结构应该是C。故选C。
19．B 20．D 21．B 22．C 23．A
【导语】本文讲了中国科学家在今天中国西南部的云南省发现了一种生活在2亿年前的新型恐龙以及科学家们对它的研究。
19．细节理解题。根据“Chinese scientists have discovered a new kind of dinosaur that lived 200 million years ago in what is today Southwest China’s Yunnan Province.”可知，新恐龙生活在2亿年前，故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“However, the recent discovery has provided enough fossil materials to identify it as Asia’s earliest known thyreophoran dinosaurs for the first time.”可知，这是亚洲已知的最早的覆盾甲龙。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据“The research team at the School of Life Sciences in Yunnan University has their research printed in the magazine e-Life.”可知，云南大学生命科学学院的研究团队的研究成果发表在《e-Life》杂志上。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“After we fill in the missing pieces, we can also make a 3D printed model for public education.”可知，在我们把缺失的部分填满之后，我们还可以制作一个用于公共教育的3D打印模型，所以他们的团队将使恐龙模型具有教育意义。故选C。
23．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段提出的是关于科学家们计划对这只恐龙如何移动及其家庭关系进行进一步研究；第二、三、四、五段是具体分析了他们的研究。故选A。
24．B 25．D 26．B 27．A
【导语】本文介绍了百科全书中一些动物的知识。
24．细节理解题。根据“It had a huge head with a very big mouth and fifty-eight very sharp teeth.”可知，霸王龙有一个大脑袋，选项B表述有误。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据“Leaves give giraffes most of the water they need so that they do not often have to drink water.”可知，树叶给长颈鹿提供了它们所需的大部分水分，所以它们不需要经常喝水。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据“It can fly forwards as most birds do, and it can fly backwards as well.”可知，蜂鸟可以向后飞行。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“it can fly as fast as 50 metres in a second”可知，蜂鸟一秒钟能飞50米。故选A。
28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了每年冬天从加拿大迁徙到墨西哥过冬的黑脉金斑蝶数量减少甚至灭绝的情况，呼吁人们保护它们。
28．段落大意题。根据“Every year, hundreds of millions of monarch butterflies from Canada and the United States fly 5,000 kilometers to Michoacan in central Mexico.…”可知，本段在介绍黑脉金斑蝶生活情况，故选B。
29．词义猜测题。根据“The forest are now protected by law, and the breathtaking views of the butterflies attract a great many visitors every year.”可知，森林现在受到法律保护，蝴蝶令人叹为观止的景色吸引了许多游客，可推测既然吸引了许多游客，说明不是一般的景色，结合选项可知breathtaking与amazing意思相近，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“Illegal logging (非法采伐) is one of the major threats to monarch butterflies as it destroys their homes.”和 “Another major threat to the butterflies is the use of herbicides (除草剂). ”可知，非法采伐和除草剂的使用导致黑脉金斑蝶处在危险中，故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据“If we don’t do anything to protect the butterflies, we are likely to lose one of the greatest natural wonders in the near future.”以及上文介绍的黑脉金斑蝶生存情况，告诉我们：如果我们不保护它们，在不久的未来会失去这最伟大的自然奇观之一，说明文章目的在于让人们保护这种蝴蝶，故选A。
32．A 33．D 34．B 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有关海豚的一些情况。
32．词句猜测题。分析“They do not use their ears to receive sounds, but use the jaw—the lower part of the mouth.”可知，它们不用耳朵来接收声音，而是用嘴巴的下部。所以jaw的意思是“下颚”，故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据“Like some animals, dolphins use sounds to help them find their way around.”可知，和一些动物一样，海豚用声音来帮助它们找路。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“In the 19th century, in dangerous part of the sea near New Zealand, there was a dolphin. The seamen liked him very much and gave him a very good name, Jack.”可知，19世纪，在新西兰附近的危险海域，有一只海豚。水手们都很喜欢他，给他起了个很好听的名字——杰克。所以杰克是一只海豚，故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“They live in groups and speak to each other in their own language.”可知，它们群居，用自己的语言互相交谈。选项B“海豚不群居”表述错误，故选B。

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