UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
主题语境：人与社会——语言学习的规律、方法等
一、单词分类识记——用时少·见效高
识记单词写对
Ⅰ.知其意
1.system n.　　　　　　　　________________
2.billion n. ________________
3.bone n. ________________
4.shell n. ________________
5.carve vt.& vi. ________________
6.dynasty n. ________________
7.dialect n. ________________
8.tongue n. ________________
9.semester n. ________________
10.petrol n．(NAmE gas) ________________
11.pants n．[pl.] ________________
Ⅱ.写其形
1.__________ n．因素；要素
2.__________ n．符号；象征
3.__________ n．方式；方法；途径
4.__________ adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n．经典作品；名著
5.__________ n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
6.__________ n．书法；书法艺术
7.__________ n．公共事务；事件；关系
8.__________ n．(BrE underground)地铁
9.__________ n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房
10.________ n．间隔；开口；差距
11.________ n．词汇
核心单词练透
1.[2023·全国甲卷书面表达]He reached the destination ________ (尽管) many hardships, including extreme weather conditions and lack of food and water.
2.[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]I had taken first place in the writing contest，and that I was the only winner whose ________ (本地的) language wasn't English.
3.[2023·浙江1月卷读后续写]Perhaps she had been ________ (斗争；搏斗)against the window too long and was too tired
4.[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]________ (认为) as an instructive English broadcast program, “Talk and Talk” is set up to share efficient methods of learning English with us teenagers.
5.Some tourists like ________ (雕刻) their names on the buildings in scenic spots, which is a bad behavior in my opinion.
6.Not only did the race improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive ________ (态度) towards life.
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.________ vi.提到；参考；查阅　vt.查询；将……交给/委托→________ n．参考；参照
2.________ vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础　n. 底部；根据→________ adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→________ adj. 基本的；基础的→________ adv.根本上；基本上→________ n．基础；根据
3.________ n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→________ v．变化；不同→________ adj.各种各样的
4.________ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会　vi.增值→________ n．欣赏；感激；感谢
5.________ n．同等的人；相等物　adj.相同的；同样的→________ adv.同样地；相等地；公平地→________ n．平等；相等
6.relate vt.联系；讲述→________ adj.有关系的；有关联的→________ n．关系
[用准用活]
7.The ________ of the students look forward to majoring in English because English ________ can find a job easily.(major)
8.I have difficulty ________ the tourist attraction，whose beauty is beyond ________．(describe)
9.[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]First, try every means to fight against ________(globe) warming, which has become a great threat to sea creatures.
10.It was a challenging and ________ (demand) job，but anyhow we managed to handle it with joint efforts.
11.I would like to express my ________ (appreciate) to those who always give me timely help and encouragement when I'm trapped by the flood.
一、短语语境记忆——不枯燥·兴趣高
记全记牢
用准用活
1.________________ 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
2.________________ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
3.________________ 追溯到
4.________________ 观点；看法
5.________________ 与……相关；涉及；谈到
6.________________ 导致
7.________________ 和……有联系
8.________________ 在……中起着重要的作用
9.________________ 中国书法
10.________________ 消除我们之间的隔阂
选用左栏短语填空
1.Although we've experienced economic ____________ over the years, we have achieved a lot in improving people's life.
2.This temple ____________ the early period of the Tang Dynasty has become the symbol of this small town.
3.Fluency in a second language cultivates an ability to see things from another person's ____________．
4.[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]Your talk show can cover anything ____________ English, or what school life is like in your country.
二、用活——造佳句·表达妙
句式背诵
句型1　no matter where/which...“无论在哪里/无论哪一个……”引导让步状语从句
(教材原句)Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
句型2　the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语), the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)．.. 越……，(……)越……
(教材原句)The more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
我对一门语言学的越多， 我的大脑就会越发达。
句型3　“be of＋名词”结构
(教材原句)That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
句型4　It was a time when... “这/那是一个……的时期”；动词-ing形式作结果状语
(教材原句)Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.多年来，人们按地域划分，使得书法体系发展成了不同的形式，从而导致多种方言和汉字的形成。
句式仿写
1.知道一些小贴士可以帮助你与朋友或家人享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你身处世界的哪个角落。
Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—____________________________．
2.她越想到马上就能赢得冠军， 就越感到高兴。
____________________ she would be the championship soon, ____________________ she became.
3.学会自律对我们的英语学习大有益处。
Learning to discipline ourselves is __________________________________________________．
4.那是一个很多年轻人到农村去锻炼的时代。
______________________________________________________ many young people went to the countryside to get some training.
一、核心单词重点练——测能力·博高分
1 refer vi.(referred; referred; referring)提到；参考；查阅　vt.查询；叫……求助于　reference n．指称关系；参考
(1)refer to　　　　　　指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer to a book/dictionary 查阅书/词典
refer to...as... 称……为……
(2) in/with reference to 关于
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He referred ________ the system that was related to the welfare of billions of people at the conference.
②As for the living conditions, here are some details for your ________(refer).
③如果你遇到了不认识的字，我强烈建议你查阅参考书或者向他人求助。(建议信)
If you meet with the characters you don't know，I strongly suggest that ________ or turn to others for help.
④我写信寻求您的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。
I am writing to ask for your advice
________________________________________________________________________.
2 base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础　n．底部；根据　basic adj.基本的；基础的　basis n．基础
(1)base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon... 以……为基础
(2)on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
on the basis of 在……的基础上
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Therefore, would it be possible for us to choose our partners freely ________ (base) on our personality and English potential？[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文]
②So, what are they learning ________ (basic)，how to describe a panda's life.[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空]
③我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。(应用文之告知信)
I am writing to inform you of ____________________________. ____________________________，you should let the elderly eat first.
3 means n．方法；方式；途径
(1)by this means　通过这种方法
by means of 借助……手段
by all means 一定，务必；当然可以
by no means 决不 (位于句首倒装)
(2)a means of communication 一种交际工具
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①Exchange students sometimes support themselves ________ means of doing part-time jobs.
②首先，想尽一切办法与全球变暖作斗争，全球变暖已经成为海洋生物的巨大威胁。
First, ________________________________， which has become a great threat to sea creatures.
③没有Paul的好心帮忙，Mac绝不会赤手空拳把狼吓跑。
Mac ________________________________ with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.
＝__________________________ with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.(倒装句)
4 appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会　vi.增值　appreciation n．欣赏；感激
(1)appreciate (one's) doing sth.　　　喜欢/感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 假如……，我将不胜感激
(2)express/convey one's appreciation to sb. 向某人表达感激之情
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I appreciate ________ (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
②I'm writing to convey my ________ (appreciate) for what you did for me during my stay in London.(感谢信)
③如果您能尽早回复我，我将非常感激。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文]
______________________________ at your earliest convenience.
5 struggle vi. & n．斗争；奋斗；搏斗
(1)struggle for...　为……而斗争/奋斗
struggle with/against sb./sth. 与某人/某事做斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
(2)it is a struggle (for sb.) to do sth. (对于某人而言)做某事真是一件难事
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Some farmers would like to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggling ________ (provide) better education for their children.
②At present，China has to struggle ________ all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
③从现在起，为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的录取通知书。
From now on, you should ________________________ and you will get the offer from Beijing Language and Culture University.
6 equal n．同等的人；相等物　adj.相同的， 同样的　v．与……相等，比得上　equally adv. 同等地；公平地　equality n．平等；相等
(1)be without equal＝have no equal　　　　无与伦比
(2)be equal to sth./doing sth. 等于/胜任(做)某事
(3)equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I am convinced that I am equal to ________ (be)a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition.
②Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides ________ (equal)contact and share with one another.[2022·全国乙卷]
③首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。此外，我擅长与其他人交流。因此，我坚信我胜任博览会志愿者的工作。(应用文之申请信)
Firstly，nobody can ____________________. In addition, I am good at communicating with others. So I hold the firm belief that I ____________________________ for the fair.
7 demand n．需求；要求　vt.强烈要求；需要　vi.查问　demanding adj.要求高的
(1)be in (great) demand　　　　　　需求量大
meet/satisfy one's demand(s) 满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that ... (should) do sth. 要求……做某事
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Because it was a ________ task，the manager demanded that we ________ (work) extra hours to meet customers' ________．(demand)
②由于我们篮球俱乐部招收新成员，我写信邀请你加入。(邀请信)
__________________________ in our basketball club, I'm writing to invite you to join it.
③为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。
____________________________，my uncle demanded that ________________________ in case we could get lost.
● 划重点　练透易错点 ●
维度一　词形转换和动词形式变化
1．To our shock, the young girl struggled ________ (support)a large family last year, which ________ (appreciate) by her family members.
2．The president demanded that the environment problems referred to ________ (pay) attention to.
3．Though ________ (major) in engineering, the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which ________ (regard) as an art form.
4．In addition, there will be no limits to the donation, that is, new or second-hand ones will be ________(equal) welcomed.
5．________ (specific) speaking, I am expressing my ________ (appreciate) to you for your effort in the rescue work.
6．There are a ________ (vary) of books in the bookstore for us to choose from, like history books, science books, ________ (refer) books and so on.
7．What's more, the snatch thief was finally arrested and put into jail, thanks to your detailed ________ (describe) of his facial features.
8．The survivor of the disaster was wandering in the street, ________ (beg) for help.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
My love for Chinese can date back to my childhood.①________ the fact that there are various Chinese ②________ (character), I have been struggling ③________ (learn) it well. However, with confusing dialects, it was really ④________ struggle for me to understand what the natives of Chinese said. However, ⑤________ no means did I give up.Whenever I come across a new character, I always refer ⑥________ the dictionary. Gradually, I am equal to ⑦________ (work) as a qualified interpreter.
From my point of view, though one may have trouble learning a foreign language, one needs to think positively. Additionally, the harder one works, the ⑧________ (well) one will learn it.
维度三　熟词生义
1．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读D]Somehow，these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.________
2．This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.________
3．At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters, giving way to lands of low growing plants.________
二、短语句式精准练——测素养·快增分
1 date back (to...) 追溯到
date back to　　　追溯到
date from... 追溯到……
go back to... 追溯到……
【练透】　一句多译
我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前478年的孔庙。(应用文写作之推荐信)
The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple ______________ 478 BC.(定语从句)
＝The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple ____________________ 478 BC.(现在分词短语作定语)
[点拨]　date back (to)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态，没有进行时态。
2 句型公式：“be of＋名词”结构
(1)be of＋value/significance/importance/use/benefit等表抽象意义的名词＝be＋该名词对应的形容词，名词前可用great, no, little, much等词修饰。
(2)of＋size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality 等表人或物的属性的名词，在句中作表语或定语。(教材原句)That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
【练透】　一句多译
①在我看来，提高人们保护海洋的意识是非常重要的．
From my point of view, raising people's awareness of protecting oceans ________________________________．
＝As far as I'm concerned, raising people's awareness of protecting oceans ______________________________________________．
②在我看来，掌握基本的生活技能对我们学生而言是非常重要的。[2023·全国乙卷书面表达]
As far as I'm concerned, learning basic living skills ________________________________________________________________________.
＝From my point of view, mastering basic living skills ________________________________________________________________________.
3 句型公式：“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
(1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。
(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。(教材原句)Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
【练透】　完成句子
①无论你什么时候旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。[2023·浙江1月卷]
____________________________，it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
②我尝到了胜利的滋味，学会了不管遇到什么困难，都要坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]
I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance，________________________________________.
③无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多我们的习俗和传统。
____________________________，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students from the USA with Chinese and tell them more about our customs and traditions.
④每年，谁做的风筝最漂亮，谁就能在风筝节上获奖。
Every year, ____________________________ will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
● 划重点　练透热考点 ●
维度一　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
1．I am sorry to hear that you have trouble ________ (improve) your English at the new school.
2．无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地联系我。
______________________，I sincerely hope that you can get in touch with me without hesitation.
3．[2021·北京高考道歉信]我不能和你外出是因为我必须照顾我生病的爷爷。
____________________________ I have to care for my sick grandfather.
4．常言道， “独木不成林”，我们的成功建立在与他人合作的基础上。
Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn't make a forest”，____________________________．
5．从你的信中我知道你对汉字和中国文化很感兴趣，这对你是有益的。
①From your letter I know you take a great interest in Chinese characters and Chinese culture, ____________________________.
②From your letter I know you take a great interest in Chinese characters and Chinese culture, ____________________________．
维度二　固定搭配和句式
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇
Though an increasing number of international students are learning Chinese, it may be ①____________________________________ (对他们而言学好汉语很费力).
②________________________ (这在语言学习中是常有的事，定语从句), ③______________________________________ (学习汉语也需要练习). Firstly, it's of great importance to read ④________________________ (与汉语相关的书籍，定语从句). Additionally, to improve your spoken Chinese, you should communicate more with the ⑤________ (native). The more you communicate with the natives in Chinese，⑥________________________ (你就会说得越流利). Aside from that, it's helpful to watch some Chinese films or TV programs. Finally, ⑦________________________(有积极的态度) no matter what trouble you may have learning it.
Part 1　应用文写作技巧练(建议信——参观故宫)
第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达 (加黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
1．得知你要参观追溯到明朝的故宫，我写信给你一些建议。
Learning that you will visit the Forbidden City
________________________________________________________________________.
2．由于你缺乏关于故宫的知识，你最好提前查阅相关资料。
Owing to your lack of knowledge about it,
________________________________________________________________________.
3．我强烈要求你雇用一位导游，这是详细了解故宫的好方式。
________________________________________________________________________.
4．同样重要的是，你应该穿运动鞋，这样你就不会太疲倦了。
__________________________ you should wear sneakers so that you won't get too exhausted.
5．听从以上建议，你就能尽情地欣赏故宫之美。
Follow the above suggestions and ______________________________．
第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part 2　读后续写微技能练(情感细节描写之“感激与感动”)
第一步：按要求利用表“感激与感动”的表达完成以下各句，并背诵
1．彼得差点撞上一辆过路的汽车，这时一位过路人把他推到了安全的地方。
________________________________________________________________________
2．他眼里含着感激的泪水，哽咽着，不停地说：“太感谢你了！”(神态/语言＋情感词汇)
________________________________________________________________________ (with复合结构)
3．但路人只是笑了笑。彼得在寒冷的天气里，感到一阵暖意，他开始相信处处有善良。
But the passer-by just smiled. ____________________________________， he began to believe there was kindness in every corner.
4．看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．人群深受感动，喝彩鼓掌。(非谓语动词作状语)
________________________________________， the crowd cheered and clapped.
6．知道事情的经过后，彼得的母亲流下喜悦和感激的泪水。(神态＋情感词汇)
Learning what had happened, ________________________________.
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
一、单词分类识记
识记单词写对
Ⅰ.知其意
1.体系；制度；系统　2.十亿　3.骨头；骨 (质)　4.壳；壳状物　5.雕刻　6.王朝；朝代　7.地方话；方言　8.舌头；语言　9.学期
10.汽油　11.内裤；短裤；裤子
Ⅱ.写其形
1.factor　2.symbol　3.means　4.classic　5.character　6.calligraphy
7.affair　8.subway　9.apartment　10.gap　11.vocabulary
核心单词练透
1.despite　2.native　3.struggling　4.Regarded　5.carving　6.attitude
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.refer； reference　2.base； based； basic； basically； basis　3.variety； vary； various　4.appreciate； appreciation　5.equal； equally； equality　6.related； relation
[用准用活]
7.majority； majors　8.describing； description　9.global 　10.demanding　11.appreciation
二、短语语境记忆
记全记牢
1.refer to　2.ups and downs　3.date back (to...)　4.point of view　5.relate to　6.lead to　7.be connected with　8.play an important role in　9.Chinese calligraphy　10.bridge the gap between us
用准用活
1.ups and downs　2.dating back to　3.point of view　4.related to
三、句式仿写用活
1.no matter where you are in the world
2.The more she thought； the more delighted
3.of great benefit to our English learning
4.It was a time when
重难突破　解惑释疑
一、核心单词重点练
1.①to　②reference　③you (should) refer to reference books　④with reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most
2.①based　②Basically　③some basic table manners； Based on traditional Chinese customs
3.①by　②try every means to fight against global warming　③could by no means scare the wolf off/away； By no means could Mac scare the wolf off/away
4.①having been given　②appreciation　③I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me
5.①to provide　②against/with　③struggle for your dream
6.①being　②equally　③equal me in oral English； am equal to the job as a volunteer
7.①demanding； (should) work； demands　②As new members are in demand　③To meet/satisfy my demands； my father and I (should) keep to the track
划重点　练透易错点
维度一
1.to support； was appreciated 　2.(should) be paid　3.majoring； is regarded　4.equally　5.Specifically； appreciation　6.variety； reference　7.description　8.begging
维度二
①Despite　②characters　③to learn　④a　⑤by　⑥to　⑦working
⑧better
维度三
1.adj.整体的，全面的　2.vt.重视　3.n.底部
二、短语句式精准练
1.that/which dates/goes back to；dating/going back to
2.①is of great importance/significance； is very important/significant　②is of great importance/significance to us students； is very important/significant to us students
3.①No matter when you travel　②whatever difficulties might arise　③However/No matter how busy I am　④whoever makes the most beautiful kite
划重点　练透热考点
维度一
1.improving　2.Whenever/No matter when you need help　3.The reason why I fail to go out with you is that　4.our success is based on cooperating with others　5.①which is of great benefit to you　②which is very beneficial to you
维度二
①a struggle for them to learn Chinese well　②As is always the case with language learning　③learning Chinese also demands practice　④books that are related to Chinese　⑤natives　⑥the more fluently you will speak　⑦take a positive attitude
满分写作　妙笔成篇
Part 1
第一步
1.dating back to/that dates back to/which dates back to the Ming Dynasty， I am writing to offer you some tips
2.you'd better refer to some relevant materials in advance
3.I strongly demand that you (should) hire a tourist guide， which is a good means of knowing more about it in detail.
4.Equally important is that
5.you can appreciate the beauty of the Forbidden City to the fullest
第二步
范文
Learning that you will visit the Forbidden City dating back to/that dates back to/which dates back to the Ming Dynasty，I am writing to offer you some tips.
Firstly，owing to your lack of knowledge about it，you'd better refer to some relevant materials in advance. Besides，I strongly demand that you (should) hire a tourist guide，which is a good means of knowing more about it in detail. Last but not least，equally important is that you should wear sneakers so that you won't get too exhausted.
All in all，follow the above suggestions and you can appreciate the beauty of the Forbidden City to the fullest.
Part 2
第一步
1.Peter was nearly knocking into a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to safety.
2.With grateful tears/tears of gratitude hanging in/welling up in his eyes and a lump in his throat， he couldn't stop saying， “Thank you so much！”
3.A feeling of warmth swept/flooded over Peter on the cold day
4.It was very moving/touching to see how much strangers could care for each other.
5.Touched/Moved deeply
6.Peter's mother shed tears of joy and gratitude
第二步
范文
Peter was nearly knocking into a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to safety. With grateful tears/tears of gratitude hanging in/welling up in his eyes and a lump in his throat， he couldn't stop saying， “Thank you so much！” But the passer-by just smiled. A feeling of warmth swept/flooded over Peter on the cold day， he began to believe there was kindness in every corner. It was very moving to see how much strangers could care for each other. Touched/Moved deeply， the crowd cheered and clapped. Later， learning what had happened， Peter's mother shed tears of joy and gratitude.(共56张PPT)
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
语基落实
重点突破
满分写作
语基落实
一、单词分类识记——用时少·见效高
识记单词写对
Ⅰ.知其意
1.system n.　　 ________________
2.billion n. ________________
3.bone n. ________________
4.shell n. ________________
5.carve vt.& vi. ________________
6.dynasty n. ________________
7.dialect n. ________________
体系；制度；系统
十亿
骨头；骨 (质)
壳；壳状物
雕刻
王朝；朝代
地方话；方言
8.tongue n. ________________
9.semester n. ________________
10.petrol n．(NAmE gas) ________________
11.pants n．[pl.] ________________
舌头；语言
学期
汽油
内裤；短裤；裤子
Ⅱ.写其形
1.__________ n．因素；要素
2.__________ n．符号；象征
3.__________ n．方式；方法；途径
4.__________ adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n．经典作品；名著
5.__________ n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
6.__________ n．书法；书法艺术
7.__________ n．公共事务；事件；关系
8.__________ n．(BrE underground)地铁
9.__________ n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房
10.________ n．间隔；开口；差距
11.________ n．词汇
factor
symbol
means
classic
calligraphy
affair
subway
gap
vocabulary
calligraphy
apartment
核心单词练透
1.[2023·全国甲卷书面表达]He reached the destination ________ (尽管) many hardships, including extreme weather conditions and lack of food and water.
2.[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]I had taken first place in the writing contest，and that I was the only winner whose ________ (本地的) language wasn't English.
3.[2023·浙江1月卷读后续写]Perhaps she had been ________ (斗争；搏斗)against the window too long and was too tired
4.[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]________ (认为) as an instructive English broadcast program, “Talk and Talk” is set up to share efficient methods of learning English with us teenagers.
despite
native
struggling
Regarded
5.Some tourists like ________ (雕刻) their names on the buildings in scenic spots, which is a bad behavior in my opinion.
6.Not only did the race improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive ________ (态度) towards life.
carving
attitude
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.________ vi.提到；参考；查阅　vt.查询；将……交给/委托→________ n．参考；参照
2.________ vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础　n. 底部；根据→________ adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→________ adj. 基本的；基础的→________ adv.根本上；基本上→________ n．基础；根据
3.________ n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→________ v．变化；不同→________ adj.各种各样的
refer
reference
base
based
basic
basically
basis
variety
vary
various
4.________ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会　vi.增值→_________ n．欣赏；感激；感谢
5.________ n．同等的人；相等物　adj.相同的；同样的→________ adv.同样地；相等地；公平地→________ n．平等；相等
6.relate vt.联系；讲述→________ adj.有关系的；有关联的→________ n．关系
appreciate
appreciation
equal
equally
equality
related
relation
[用准用活]
7.The ________ of the students look forward to majoring in English because English ________ can find a job easily.(major)
8.I have difficulty ________ the tourist attraction，whose beauty is beyond ________．(describe)
9.[2022·全国甲卷书面表达]First, try every means to fight against ________(globe) warming, which has become a great threat to sea creatures.
10.It was a challenging and ________ (demand) job，but anyhow we managed to handle it with joint efforts.
11.I would like to express my ________ (appreciate) to those who always give me timely help and encouragement when I'm trapped by the flood.
majority
majors
describing
description
global
demanding
appreciation
一、短语语境记忆——不枯燥·兴趣高
记全记牢
用准用活
1.________________ 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
2.________________ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
3.________________ 追溯到
4.________________ 观点；看法
5.________________ 与……相关；涉及；谈到
6.________________ 导致
7.________________ 和……有联系
8.________________ 在……中起着重要的作用
9.________________ 中国书法
10.________________ 消除我们之间的隔阂
refer to
ups and downs
date back (to...)
point of view
relate to
lead to
be connected with
play an important role in
Chinese calligraphy
bridge the gap between us
选用左栏短语填空
1.Although we've experienced economic ____________ over the years, we have achieved a lot in improving people's life.
2.This temple ____________ the early period of the Tang Dynasty has become the symbol of this small town.
3.Fluency in a second language cultivates an ability to see things from another person's ____________．
4.[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]Your talk show can cover anything ____________ English, or what school life is like in your country.
ups and downs
dating back to
point of view
related to
重点突破
二、用活——造佳句·表达妙
句式背诵
句型1　no matter where/which...“无论在哪里/无论哪一个……”引导让步状语从句
(教材原句)Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
句型2　the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语), the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)．.. 越……，(……)越……
(教材原句)The more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
我对一门语言学的越多， 我的大脑就会越发达。
句型3　“be of＋名词”结构
(教材原句)That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
句型4　It was a time when... “这/那是一个……的时期”；动词-ing形式作结果状语
(教材原句)Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.多年来，人们按地域划分，使得书法体系发展成了不同的形式，从而导致多种方言和汉字的形成。
句式仿写
1.知道一些小贴士可以帮助你与朋友或家人享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你身处世界的哪个角落。
Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—____________________________．
2.她越想到马上就能赢得冠军， 就越感到高兴。
____________________ she would be the championship soon, ____________________ she became.
no matter where you are in the world
The more she thought
the more delighted
3.学会自律对我们的英语学习大有益处。
Learning to discipline ourselves is __________________________________________________．
4.那是一个很多年轻人到农村去锻炼的时代。
______________________________________________________ many young people went to the countryside to get some training.
of great benefit to our English learning
It was a time when
一、核心单词重点练——测能力·博高分
1 refer vi.(referred; referred; referring)提到；参考；查阅　vt.查询；叫……求助于　reference n．指称关系；参考
(1)refer to　　　　　　指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer to a book/dictionary 查阅书/词典
refer to...as... 称……为……
(2) in/with reference to 关于
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He referred ________ the system that was related to the welfare of billions of people at the conference.
②As for the living conditions, here are some details for your ________(refer).
③如果你遇到了不认识的字，我强烈建议你查阅参考书或者向他人求助。(建议信)
If you meet with the characters you don't know，I strongly suggest that ____________________________ or turn to others for help.
④我写信寻求您的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。
I am writing to ask for your advice
___________________________________________________________.
to
reference
you (should) refer to reference books
with reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most
2 base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础　n．底部；根据　basic adj.基本的；基础的　basis n．基础
(1)base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon... 以……为基础
(2)on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
on the basis of 在……的基础上
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Therefore, would it be possible for us to choose our partners freely ________ (base) on our personality and English potential？[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文]
②So, what are they learning ________ (basic)，how to describe a panda's life.[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空]
③我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。(应用文之告知信)
I am writing to inform you of ____________________________. ____________________________，you should let the elderly eat first.
based
Basically
some basic table manners
Based on traditional Chinese customs
3 means n．方法；方式；途径
(1)by this means　通过这种方法
by means of 借助……手段
by all means 一定，务必；当然可以
by no means 决不 (位于句首倒装)
(2)a means of communication 一种交际工具
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①Exchange students sometimes support themselves ________ means of doing part-time jobs.
②首先，想尽一切办法与全球变暖作斗争，全球变暖已经成为海洋生物的巨大威胁。
First, __________________________________， which has become a great threat to sea creatures.
③没有Paul的好心帮忙，Mac绝不会赤手空拳把狼吓跑。
Mac ________________________________ with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.
＝___________________________________ with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.(倒装句)
by
try every means to fight against global warming
could by no means scare the wolf off/away
By no means could Mac scare the wolf off/away
4 appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会　vi.增值　appreciation n．欣赏；感激
(1)appreciate (one's) doing sth.　　　喜欢/感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 假如……，我将不胜感激
(2)express/convey one's appreciation to sb. 向某人表达感激之情
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I appreciate _____________ (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
②I'm writing to convey my ____________ (appreciate) for what you did for me during my stay in London.(感谢信)
③如果您能尽早回复我，我将非常感激。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文]
___________________________________________ at your earliest convenience.
having been given
appreciation
I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me
5 struggle vi. & n．斗争；奋斗；搏斗
(1)struggle for...　为……而斗争/奋斗
struggle with/against sb./sth. 与某人/某事做斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
(2)it is a struggle (for sb.) to do sth. (对于某人而言)做某事真是一件难事
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Some farmers would like to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggling ________ (provide) better education for their children.
②At present，China has to struggle ________ all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
③从现在起，为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的录取通知书。
From now on, you should ________________________ and you will get the offer from Beijing Language and Culture University.
to provide
against/with
struggle for your dream
6 equal n．同等的人；相等物　adj.相同的， 同样的　v．与……相等，比得上　equally adv. 同等地；公平地　equality n．平等；相等
(1)be without equal＝have no equal　　　　无与伦比
(2)be equal to sth./doing sth. 等于/胜任(做)某事
(3)equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I am convinced that I am equal to ________ (be)a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition.
②Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides ________ (equal)contact and share with one another.[2022·全国乙卷]
③首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。此外，我擅长与其他人交流。因此，我坚信我胜任博览会志愿者的工作。(应用文之申请信)
Firstly，nobody can ____________________. In addition, I am good at communicating with others. So I hold the firm belief that I ____________________________ for the fair.
being
equally
equal me in oral English
am equal to the job as a volunteer
7 demand n．需求；要求　vt.强烈要求；需要　vi.查问　demanding adj.要求高的
(1)be in (great) demand　　　　　　需求量大
meet/satisfy one's demand(s) 满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that ... (should) do sth. 要求……做某事
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Because it was a ________ task，the manager demanded that we __________ (work) extra hours to meet customers' ________．(demand)
②由于我们篮球俱乐部招收新成员，我写信邀请你加入。(邀请信)
__________________________ in our basketball club, I'm writing to invite you to join it.
③为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。
____________________________，my uncle demanded that _______________________________ in case we could get lost.
demanding
(should) work
demands
As new members are in demand
To meet/satisfy my demands
my father and I (should) keep to the track
● 划重点　练透易错点 ●
维度一　词形转换和动词形式变化
1．To our shock, the young girl struggled ________ (support)a large family last year, which ____________ (appreciate) by her family members.
2．The president demanded that the environment problems referred to _____________ (pay) attention to.
3．Though ________ (major) in engineering, the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which ________ (regard) as an art form.
4．In addition, there will be no limits to the donation, that is, new or second-hand ones will be ________(equal) welcomed.
5．________ (specific) speaking, I am expressing my ________ (appreciate) to you for your effort in the rescue work.
to support
was appreciated
(should) be paid
majoring
is regarded
equally
Specifically
appreciation
6．There are a ________ (vary) of books in the bookstore for us to choose from, like history books, science books, ________ (refer) books and so on.
7．What's more, the snatch thief was finally arrested and put into jail, thanks to your detailed ________ (describe) of his facial features.
8．The survivor of the disaster was wandering in the street, ________ (beg) for help.
variety
reference
description
begging
维度二　固定用法和搭配
My love for Chinese can date back to my childhood.①________ the fact that there are various Chinese ②________ (character), I have been struggling ③________ (learn) it well. However, with confusing dialects, it was really ④________ struggle for me to understand what the natives of Chinese said. However, ⑤________ no means did I give up.Whenever I come across a new character, I always refer ⑥________ the dictionary. Gradually, I am equal to ⑦________ (work) as a qualified interpreter.
From my point of view, though one may have trouble learning a foreign language, one needs to think positively. Additionally, the harder one works, the ⑧________ (well) one will learn it.
Despite
characters
to learn
a
by
to
working
better
维度三　熟词生义
1．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读D]Somehow，these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.________
2．This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.________
3．At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters, giving way to lands of low growing plants.________
adj.整体的，全面的
vt.重视
n.底部
二、短语句式精准练——测素养·快增分
1 date back (to...) 追溯到
date back to　　　追溯到
date from... 追溯到……
go back to... 追溯到……
【练透】　一句多译
我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前478年的孔庙。(应用文写作之推荐信)
The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple ______________________ 478 BC.(定语从句)
＝The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple ____________________ 478 BC.(现在分词短语作定语)
[点拨]　date back (to)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态，没有进行时态。
that/which dates/goes back to
dating/going back to
2 句型公式：“be of＋名词”结构
(1)be of＋value/significance/importance/use/benefit等表抽象意义的名词＝be＋该名词对应的形容词，名词前可用great, no, little, much等词修饰。
(2)of＋size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality 等表人或物的属性的名词，在句中作表语或定语。(教材原句)That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
【练透】　一句多译
①在我看来，提高人们保护海洋的意识是非常重要的．
From my point of view, raising people's awareness of protecting oceans ________________________________．
＝As far as I'm concerned, raising people's awareness of protecting oceans ______________________________________________．
②在我看来，掌握基本的生活技能对我们学生而言是非常重要的。[2023·全国乙卷书面表达]
As far as I'm concerned, learning basic living skills ____________________________________________________________.
＝From my point of view, mastering basic living skills ____________________________________________________________.
is of great importance/significance
is very important/significant
is of great importance/significance to us students
is very important/significant to us students
3 句型公式：“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
(1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。
(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。(教材原句)Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
【练透】　完成句子
①无论你什么时候旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。[2023·浙江1月卷]
____________________________，it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
②我尝到了胜利的滋味，学会了不管遇到什么困难，都要坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]
I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance，________________________________________.
No matter when you travel
whatever difficulties might arise
③无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多我们的习俗和传统。
____________________________，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students from the USA with Chinese and tell them more about our customs and traditions.
④每年，谁做的风筝最漂亮，谁就能在风筝节上获奖。
Every year, ____________________________ will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
However/No matter how busy I am
whoever makes the most beautiful kite
● 划重点　练透热考点 ●
维度一　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
1．I am sorry to hear that you have trouble ________ (improve) your English at the new school.
2．无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地联系我。
______________________________，I sincerely hope that you can get in touch with me without hesitation.
3．[2021·北京高考道歉信]我不能和你外出是因为我必须照顾我生病的爷爷。
__________________________________ I have to care for my sick grandfather.
improving
Whenever/No matter when you need help
The reason why I fail to go out with you is that
4．常言道， “独木不成林”，我们的成功建立在与他人合作的基础上。
Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn't make a forest”，
____________________________________．
5．从你的信中我知道你对汉字和中国文化很感兴趣，这对你是有益的。
①From your letter I know you take a great interest in Chinese characters and Chinese culture, ____________________________.
②From your letter I know you take a great interest in Chinese characters and Chinese culture, ____________________________．
our success is based on cooperating with others
which is of great benefit to you
which is very beneficial to you
维度二　固定搭配和句式
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇
Though an increasing number of international students are learning Chinese, it may be ①____________________________________ (对他们而言学好汉语很费力).
②________________________________ (这在语言学习中是常有的事，定语从句), ③______________________________________ (学习汉语也需要练习). Firstly, it's of great importance to read ④________________________ (与汉语相关的书籍，定语从句). Additionally, to improve your spoken Chinese, you should communicate more with the ⑤________ (native).
a struggle for them to learn Chinese well
As is always the case with language learning
learning Chinese also demands practice
books that are related to Chinese
natives
The more you communicate with the natives in Chinese，⑥________________________ (你就会说得越流利). Aside from that, it's helpful to watch some Chinese films or TV programs. Finally, ⑦________________________(有积极的态度) no matter what trouble you may have learning it.
the more fluently you will speak
take a positive attitude
满分写作
Part 1　应用文写作技巧练(建议信——参观故宫)
第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达 (加黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
1．得知你要参观追溯到明朝的故宫，我写信给你一些建议。
Learning that you will visit the Forbidden City
____________________________________________________________.
2．由于你缺乏关于故宫的知识，你最好提前查阅相关资料。
Owing to your lack of knowledge about it,
___________________________________________________________.
3．我强烈要求你雇用一位导游，这是详细了解故宫的好方式。
____________________________________________________________.
dating back to/that dates back to/which dates back to the Ming Dynasty， I am writing to offer you some tips
you'd better refer to some relevant materials in advance
I strongly demand that you (should) hire a tourist guide， which is a good means of knowing more about it in detail.
4．同样重要的是，你应该穿运动鞋，这样你就不会太疲倦了。
__________________________ you should wear sneakers so that you won't get too exhausted.
5．听从以上建议，你就能尽情地欣赏故宫之美。
Follow the above suggestions and
_________________________________________________．
Equally important is that
you can appreciate the beauty of the Forbidden City to the fullest
第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
范文
Learning that you will visit the Forbidden City dating back to/that dates back to/which dates back to the Ming Dynasty，I am writing to offer you some tips.
Firstly，owing to your lack of knowledge about it，you'd better refer to some relevant materials in advance. Besides，I strongly demand that you (should) hire a tourist guide，which is a good means of knowing more about it in detail. Last but not least，equally important is that you should wear sneakers so that you won't get too exhausted.
All in all，follow the above suggestions and you can appreciate the beauty of the Forbidden City to the fullest.
Part 2　读后续写微技能练(情感细节描写之“感激与感动”)
第一步：按要求利用表“感激与感动”的表达完成以下各句，并背诵
1．彼得差点撞上一辆过路的汽车，这时一位过路人把他推到了安全的地方。
___________________________________________________________
2．他眼里含着感激的泪水，哽咽着，不停地说：“太感谢你了！”(神态/语言＋情感词汇)
___________________________________________________________ (with复合结构)
Peter was nearly knocking into a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to safety.
With grateful tears/tears of gratitude hanging in/welling up in his eyes and a lump in his throat， he couldn't stop saying， “Thank you so much！”
3．但路人只是笑了笑。彼得在寒冷的天气里，感到一阵暖意，他开始相信处处有善良。
But the passer-by just smiled.
_______________________________________________________， he began to believe there was kindness in every corner.
A feeling of warmth swept/flooded over Peter on the cold day
4．看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。
___________________________________________________________
5．人群深受感动，喝彩鼓掌。(非谓语动词作状语)
________________________________________， the crowd cheered and clapped.
6．知道事情的经过后，彼得的母亲流下喜悦和感激的泪水。(神态＋情感词汇)
Learning what had happened, __________________________________.
It was very moving/touching to see how much strangers could care for each other.
Touched/Moved deeply
Peter's mother shed tears of joy and gratitude
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
范文
Peter was nearly knocking into a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to safety. With grateful tears/tears of gratitude hanging in/welling up in his eyes and a lump in his throat， he couldn't stop saying， “Thank you so much！” But the passer-by just smiled. A feeling of warmth swept/flooded over Peter on the cold day， he began to believe there was kindness in every corner. It was very moving to see how much strangers could care for each other. Touched/Moved deeply， the crowd cheered and clapped. Later， learning what had happened， Peter's mother shed tears of joy and gratitude.UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2024·江西省百师联盟高三一轮复习联考]We've heard people say that we shouldn't worry too much about the future. But this saying doesn't hold true in the technological world. Here， you always need to think about the future， or else you won't have the chance to be in the digital age. There are so many new inventions that come up daily， which help in making our lives better and easier.
The iPod we use daily was once a far fetched thought of Mr. Jobs， which has become a reality today. Similarly， when television was launched， we thought nothing could beat this invention. Then came cable television， and now it's the age of digital television. Similarly， until a few years ago， 3D was limited to movies， but today， we have 3D blueprints， 3D graphics， and 3D television sets as well. All these inventions were just a prediction by their inventors， but they later went on to become a part of our lives. Similar predictions can be made for the future.
For example， how about having human like robots that understand our instructions by simply speaking to them？ We can talk with these robots regularly and simply instruct them to perform a particular task. If you want tea， you can simply require your robot to make it for you. These robots can be useful in industrial fields as well. For example， you can simply ask the robot to switch on the manufacturing line.
If waste keeps increasing， the future will see many problems related to pollution. So what about having a waste recycling machine that produces notebooks？ Yes， I'm not talking about the regular recycling machines that give us raw materials we need to put to effective use. If we build recycling machines that produce a particular product out of the waste， it'll do much help to the environment as well.
This list can go on and on. Our imagination has no limits and so does technology. Who knows？ Maybe one of these ideas may become a reality in the near future！
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．What should we do according to the author？
A．Take the future less seriously.
B．Use 3D technology more widely.
C．Base new inventions on experience.
D．Keep making predictions for the future.
2．What can so called human like robots do according to the text？
A．They can talk to themselves.
B．They can understand human words.
C．They can offer the users instructions.
D．They can invent something for humans.
3．What does the author think of the waste recycling machine？
A．It is achievable. B．It is profitable.
C．It is affordable. D．It is impractical.
4．What is the text mainly about？
A．The far future of technology.
B．Ways of making predictions.
C．Effects of predictions on inventions.
D．The significance of human imagination.B
[2024·广州市高三年级调研测试]A moment occurs in the exchange between professor and student when each of us adopts a look. My look says， “What， you don't understand？” Theirs say， “We don't. And we think you're making it up.” We are having a problem. Basically， we've all read the same story， but we haven't used the same analytical approaches. It may seem at times as if the professor is inventing interpretations out of thin air.
Actually， the truth is that as the slightly more experienced reader， the professor has acquired over the years the use of a certain “language reading”. Besides， he has grasped three professional tools memory， symbol and pattern. These items separate the professional readers from the ordinary ones.
English professors are cursed with memory. When reading a new book， I constantly seek out connections and inferences， recalling faces and themes from past readings. I can't not do it， although there are plenty of times when that ability is not something I want to exercise. This does not necessarily improve the experience of popular entertainment.
Professors also read and think symbolically. Everything is a symbol of something， it seems， until proven otherwise. We ask： What does the thing over there represent？ The kind of mind that works its way through undergraduate and then graduate classes in literature and criticism tends to see things as existing in themselves while also representing something else. This tendency to understand the world in symbolic terms is enhanced by years of training and rewards the symbolic imagination.
A related phenomenon in professorial reading is pattern recognition. Most professional students of literature learn to take in the specific detail while seeing the patterns that the detail reveals. Experience has proved to them that life and books fall into similar patterns. Literature is full of patterns， and your reading experience will be much more rewarding when you can step back from the work， even while you are reading it， and look for those patterns.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5．How does the author introduce the topic？
A．By describing a real life scene.
B．By using popular quotes.
C．By presenting conflicting ideas.
D．By raising an interesting question.
6．Why do the students think the professor is making up interpretations？
A．They have limited life experience.
B．They lack chances for sufficient reading.
C．They are unable to analyze the text thoroughly.
D．They do not trust the professor's teaching abilities.
7．What does Paragraph 3 say about English professors？
A．They have a strong desire not to have their good memory.
B.Their reading habit doesn't always guarantee desirable effects.
C．Their memory adds to their reading pleasure of popular works.
D．They keep making connections with their own life while reading.
8．Which is the author's suggestion on reading literature？
A．Identify the hidden text modes.
B．Perceive many things at the same time.
C．Look for details and language patterns.
D．Memorize patterns of symbolic meanings.Ⅱ.七选五
[2024·九省联考]Common Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However， many make a number of common mistakes， which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. __1__， keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.
Doing too much too soon
One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury， so you can continue on with your new running routine. __2__．
__3__
Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight loss goals， but this couldn't be further from the truth. Running is a high impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it's important to give your body a rest between workouts.
Not wearing the right equipment
__4__， it's important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes， so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.
Running through pain
__5__. If something hurts when you run， you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember： It doesn't make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.
A．Not taking rest days
B．If you're just starting out
C．Comparing yourself to others
D．Running can be uncomfortable at times
E．It's important not to use the same muscles
F.While it may be true that you don't need expensive equipment to take up running
G.Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week
[答题区]
1．____________　　2.____________　　3.____________　　4.____________　　5.____________
Ⅲ.语法填空
[2024·山东省烟台市高三期中]International Chinese Language Day 1.________ (fall) on April 20， and this year a series of celebrations， themed Together for the Future， were held by three different organizations at home and abroad 2.________ (successful).
Officials from the organizations attended the event and delivered speeches， in which Chinese and foreign cooperation 3.________ (praise) to have contributed to the rapid and fruitful development of Chinese language education around the world. The Chinese language left the impression of having built a 4.________ (culture) bridge that promoted the exchange of cooperation between China and the world， as well as the global peace and development.
During the celebration， experts and scholars vividly interpreted the beauty of Chinese culture from three aspects： Chinese characters， Chinese painting， and traditional Chinese medicine， 5.________ the attenders said greatly impressed them.
Professor Yue Qi remarked on the concept of “If Chinese characters could speak”， and proposed that more Chinese stories could be discovered， spread， heard and 6.________ (understand) through Chinese characters. Director Liu Hong also presented a documentary 7.________ (feature) Chinese characters. Professor Yang Lei and Zhang Liang discussed Chinese poetry and painting while Dai Jingang exposed the audience to the charm of traditional Chinese medicine and the 8.________ (wise) of health preservation.
The event aims to express support 9.________ international Chinese education， and to reveal the charm of Chinese language and culture， while enhancing the cooperation between the Chinese and foreign education partners to eventually build 10.________ bright future together.
[答题区]
1．____________　　2.____________　　3.____________　　4.____________　　5.____________
6．____________　　7.____________　　8.____________　　9.____________　　10.____________
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。科技的发展离不开预言！正是预言促使一个又一个新的发明诞生，从而改变了人类生活。
1.答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Here， you always need to think about the future， or else you won't have the chance to be in the digital age.”和第二自然段最后一句“All these inventions were just a prediction by their inventors， but they later went on to become a part of our lives. Similar predictions can be made for the future.”可知，作者认为我们应继续预测未来。
2.答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三自然段“For example， how about having human like robots that understand our instructions by simply speaking to them？ We can talk with these robots regularly and simply instruct them to perform a particular task.”可知，所谓的人类机器人能理解人类的语言。
3.答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四自然段“So what about having a waste recycling machine that produces notebooks？ Yes， I'm not talking about the regular recycling machines that give us raw materials we need to put to effective use. If we build recycling machines that produce a particular product out of the waste， it'll do much help to the environment as well.”可知，作者认为垃圾回收机是可以实现的。
4.答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“Here， you always need to think about the future， or else you won't have the chance to be in the digital age.”和最后一段“This list can go on and on. Our imagination has no limits and so does technology. Who knows？ Maybe one of these ideas may become a reality in the near future！”可知，作者认为预言可以促进发明，并且相信预言有一天能被实现。由此可判断全文旨在说明预言对发明的影响。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了教授和学生在阅读文学作品时采用的不同分析方法以及他们之间的交流和理解上的挑战。
5.答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A moment occurs in the exchange between professor and student when each of us adopts a look. My look says， ‘What， you don't understand？’ Theirs says， ‘We don't. And we think you're making it up.’”并结合下文指出是分析方法的不同导致交流和理解上的挑战推知，作者通过描述教授和学生之间交流的实际场景引入了话题，故选A。
6.答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段推知，学生们可能认为教授在编造解释，是因为相对于教授他们是普通的读者，没有掌握一些阅读技巧，导致无法完全理解文章内容。
7.答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，英语教授的阅读习惯并不一定能保证理想的效果。
8.答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Literature is full of patterns， and your reading experience will be much more rewarding when you can step back from the work， even while you are reading it， and look for those patterns.”可知，文学阅读充满着规律和模式，我们在阅读过程中需要停下来，统揽全局，然后在全局中寻找这些规律和模式，故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。
1.答案与解析：B　上文“Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However， many make a number of common mistakes， which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. (跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本文标题“Common Mistakes New Runners Make(跑步新手常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出跑步新手会犯的错误，根据下文“keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.(记住这些事情可以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，B项“如果你刚刚开始”符合，是下文的条件，同时也符合主题，即如果你是跑步新手，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会，故选B。
2.答案与解析：G　上文“One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury， so you can continue on with your new running routine. (跑步新手犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险，这样您就可以继续新的跑步习惯。)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故选G。
3.答案与解析：A　此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight loss goals， but this couldn't be further from the truth. Running is a high impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it's important to give your body a rest between workouts. [初学者可能认为他们需要每天(或几乎每天)跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高强度的活动，对您的身体来说影响的确很大。因此，在锻炼之间让身体休息很重要。]”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A项“没有休息日”符合，故选A。
4.答案与解析：F　根据本段标题“Not wearing the right equipment(没有穿戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有穿戴合适的装备，下文“it's important that you wear properly for your workouts.(锻炼时正确穿着很重要)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“穿戴合适的装备”有关，F项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼应标题中的“the right equipment”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选F。
5.答案与解析：D　下文“If something hurts when you run， you need to stop and treat the pain. (如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需要停下来治疗疼痛。)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，D项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做，故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了“国际汉语日”的历史和目的，以及今年庆祝活动的主题和内容。
1.答案与解析：falls　分析句子可知，fall(发生)是句中谓语动词，与主语International Chinese Language Day之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时态，故填falls。
2.答案与解析：successfully　提示词修饰动词were held，用副词作状语，故填successfully。
3.答案与解析：was praised　分析句子可知，praise是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语Chinese and foreign cooperation之间是被动关系，故填was praised。
4.答案与解析：cultural　提示词作定语，修饰名词bridge， 故填cultural。
5.答案与解析：which　分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese characters， Chinese painting， and traditional Chinese medicine，故填which。
6.答案与解析：understood　提示词与过去分词discovered、spread和heard是并列关系，也用过去分词形式understood，与助动词be构成被动语态，作宾语从句中谓语动词。故填understood。
7.答案与解析：featuring　分析句子可知，(feature) Chinese characters作后置定语修饰名词documentary，feature(以……为主题)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语documentary之间是主动关系，故填featuring。
8.答案与解析：wisdom　根据空格前定冠词the和空格后作定语的介词短语of health preservation可知，应用名词作宾语，故填wisdom。
9.答案与解析：for　名词support常与介词for连用，表示“对……的支持”。
10.答案与解析：a　可数名词future在句中表示“一个(美好的)未来”，泛指，bright发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。

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