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Unit 3 Period 1 Reading and Thinking分层练习
语言能力 了解不同地方中国美食的特点。
学习能力 引导学生理解文字背后隐藏的意义。
思维品质 培养学生逻辑思维能力
文化意识 了解中外美食的区别。
一、单词拼写
1．Nowadays, there are a lot of people who think that plastic surgery(整形手术) is 　 　(稍微;有点) hard to accept.
【答案】somewhat
【解析】【分析】句意：现在，有很多人认为整形手术有些难以接受。根据句意和汉语提示，应用副词 somewhat ，此处修饰形容词 hard ，作状语，故填 somewhat 。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰形容词。
2．At the class meeting, the students expressed their views on the behavior of admiring vanity(虚荣) and wearing famous 　 　(品牌) clothes.
【答案】brand
【解析】【分析】句意：在班会上，学生们就慕虚荣、穿名牌服装的行为发表了自己的看法。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 brand ，此处作定语，修饰名词 clothes ，故填 brand 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作定语。
3．As they move to high school, their characters are fully formed and they are both very 　 　(稳重的) teenagers.
【答案】stable
【解析】【分析】句意：随着他们进入高中，他们的性格已经完全形成，他们都是非常稳定的青少年。根据句意和汉语提示，应用形容词 stable ，此处修饰名词 teenagers ，作定语，故填 stable 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
4．　 　(甜点)is not seen as an essential part of the meal, but as something extra.
【答案】Dessert
【解析】【分析】句意：甜点并不被视为一顿饭的重要组成部分，而是一种额外的东西。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 dessert，此处作主语，不可数，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 Dessert 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
5．It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of 　 　 (全面的) quality.
【答案】overall
【解析】【分析】句意：人们普遍认为，应该从综合素质的角度来评价学生。“ 全面的 ”应用 overall ，此处形容词修饰名词 quality ，作定语，故填 overall 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
6．So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is far from 　 　 (理想的).
【答案】ideal
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，我们在建设低碳经济方面做了很多工作，但还远远不够理想。“ 理想的”应用 ideal ，形容词，此处作表语，故填 ideal 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
7．That is the reason why I recommend another 　 　 (种类) of books to my students.
【答案】category
【解析】【分析】句意：这就是为什么我向我的学生推荐另一类书的原因。“ 种类 ”应用 category ，可数名词， another 后接单数名词，故填 category 。
【点评】考查名词，掌握 category 的应用。
8．Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream, which 　 　 (有点) bothers us.
【答案】somewhat
【解析】【分析】句意：每天晚上两点左右， Sue 都会在梦中开始说话，这让我们有些心烦。“ 有点 ”应用 somewhat ，副词，此处修饰动词 bothers ，作状语，故填 somewhat 。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
9．Just a couple of weeks later, I ran in to my old friend Tom in the university 　 　 (自助餐厅).
【答案】cafeteria
【解析】【分析】句意：几周后，我在大学食堂碰见了我的老朋友汤姆。“ 自助餐厅 ”应用 cafeteria，可数名词，此处作介词宾语，结合语境应用单数名词，故填cafeteria 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
10．We should take effective measures to reduce the discharge to the 　 　 (最小) in order to protect the environment.
【答案】minimum
【解析】【分析】句意：为了保护环境，我们应该采取有效措施将排放量减至最低。“ 最小 ”应用 minimum ，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 minimum 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
二、语法填空
11．I 　 　(plan) to come over to see you last night, but someone called me and I couldn't get away.
【答案】had planned
【解析】【分析】句意：我本来打算昨晚来看你的，但有人打电话给我，我无法脱身。had planed to do固定短语，"本打算做......（实际上没做）"，故填 had planned 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时以及固定短语had planed to do。
12．My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they 　 　(know) for the past 60 years. (2021全国乙)
【答案】had known
【解析】【分析】句意：我的祖父害怕离开他们在过去60年里唯一熟悉的家。此处是限制性定语从句的谓语动词，且发生在 was afraid of 之前，应用过去完成时，故填 had known 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
13．They 　 　(ask)him to bring some pepperoni(辣香肠) from back east. So he filled a suitcase full of pepperoni. (2021全国甲)
【答案】had asked
【解析】【分析】句意：他们让他从东部带回一些意大利辣香肠。于是他装满了一个装满意大利辣香肠的手提箱。此处是谓语动词，且发生在 filled 之前，应用过去完成时，故填 had asked 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
14．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who　 　(trap) in the mountains for two days.(2018北京)
【答案】had been trapped
【解析】【分析】句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客，此处是限制性定语从句的谓语动词，与主语who（指代先行词 two tourists ）是被动关系，应用被动语态，且发生在谓语动词 risked 之前，所以应用过去完成时，故填 had been trapped 。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及过去完成时的被动语态。
15．By about 6000 BC, people 　 　(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.(2020浙江)
【答案】had discovered
【解析】【分析】句意：到公元前6000年左右，人们已经发现了最适合种植的庄稼和最适合饲养的动物。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 By about 6000 BC ，可知应用过去完成时，故填 had discovered 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
16．Amy, as well as her brothers,　 　(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.(2019天津)
【答案】was given
【解析】【分析】句意： Amy 和她的兄弟们上周回到村子时受到了热烈欢迎。此处是谓语动词，结合主语 as well as her brothers ，可知应遵循就远原则，与主语 Amy 保持一致，且二者之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语 last week ，可知应用一般过去时，故填 was given 。
【点评】考查时态语态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态和第三人称单数。
17．A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith　 　(fall) in love with the people and culture there.(2019江苏)
【答案】fell
【解析】【分析】句意：抵达中国几个月后，史密斯先生就爱上了那里的人民和文化。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 A few months after he had arrived in China ，可知应用一般过去时，故填 fell 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
18．It was the third time that we 　 　(do) the experiment.
【答案】had done
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我们第三次做这个实验了。此处是谓语动词，结合空前的 It was the third time ，可知此处应用过去完成时，故填 had done 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
19．By the time Jack returned home from England, his son　 　(graduate) from college.
【答案】had graduated
【解析】【分析】句意：杰克从英国回国时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 By the time Jack returned home from England ，可知应用过去完成时，故填 had graduated 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
20．Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they 　 　 (receive) from China.
【答案】had received
【解析】【分析】句意：上个月，日本政府对他们从中国得到的援助表示感谢。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，且发生在 expressed 之前，应用过去完成时，故填 had received 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
三、完形填空
完形填空
There are too many fat people in America, so many Americans are fighting against overweight. But the 21． thing is that the French,who consume rich food, tend to stay thin. Now a 22． by Cornell University points out 23． lifestyle and decisions about 24． may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel 25． . However, Americans tend to stop when their 26． are empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating 27． an important part of their lifestyle. They enjoy food and therefore spend a very 28． time at the table,while Americans see eating as anything to be squeezed in between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans 29． the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and 30． foods for the week. The French, 31． , tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers' markets where they have a choice of fresh fruit, vegetables rich in fiber, and eggs as well as high-quality meat for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don't Get Fat, decided to 32． about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid 33． . Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent lifestyle 34． may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity(肥胖)—or extreme overweight—among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains 35． and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.
21．A．formal B．strange C．natural D．modern
22．A．novel B．study C．strategy D．newspaper
23．A．that B．what C．where D．when
24．A．working B．living C．eating D．studying
25．A．sensitive B．full C．happy D．annoyed
26．A．pockets B．refrigerators C．houses D．plates
27．A．as B．into C．inside D．to
28．A．long B．short C．exciting D．fast
29．A．bring B．lose C．get D．receive
30．A．frozen B．cool C．warm D．hot
31．A．therefore B．instead C．meanwhile D．consequently
32．A．write B．read C．speak D．think
33．A．fruit B．oil C．food D．egg
34．A．examples B．changes C．designs D．stories
35．A．failure B．success C．confidence D．acceptance
【答案】21．B；22．B；23．A；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．A；28．A；29．B；30．A；31．B；32．A；33．C；34．B；35．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的饮食方式导致美国人发胖，相反，法国人健康的饮食方式让他们能够保持身材，但随着美国快餐的流行，法国儿童的肥胖率也在不断增加。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：但奇怪的是，吃油腻食物的法国人却往往保持苗条。A. formal"正式的"；B. strange"奇怪的"；C. natural"自然的"；D. modern"现代的"。根据空后"who consume rich food, tend to stay thin"可知，法国人吃油腻的食物却能保持苗条，这是一种奇怪的现象。故选B。
22．句意：现在康奈尔大学的一项研究指出，生活方式和饮食决定可能会影响体重。A. novel"小说"；B. study"研究"；C. strategy"策略"；D. newspaper"报纸"。根据空后"lifestyle and decisions about 4 may affect weight"可知，"生活方式和饮食决定可能会影响体重"应该是一项研究结果，可推知，句中指康奈尔大学的一项研究指出。故选B。
23．句意：现在康奈尔大学的一项研究指出，生活方式和饮食决定可能会影响体重。A. that引导宾语从句（不作成分，无实意）；B. what"什么"；C. where "在……的地方"；D. when"在……的时候"。此处是宾语从句的连接词，根据空后"lifestyle and decisions about 4 may affect weight"可知，从句意义完整，不缺成分，阐述了研究结果，应用"that"引导从句，在从句中不作成分，无实意。故选A。
24．句意：现在康奈尔大学的一项研究指出，生活方式和饮食决定可能会影响体重。A. working"工作"；B. living"居住"；C. eating "吃"；D. studying"学习"。根据空后"affect weight"可知，句中介绍的是可能会影响体重的因素，由此可知，应该是饮食决定可能会影响体重，"decisions about eating"表示"饮食决定"，且与下文多次出现的"eating"相呼应。故选C。
25．句意：研究人员得出结论，法国人在感到饱腹时往往会停止进食。A. sensitive"敏感的"；B. full "吃饱了的"；C. happy"快乐的"；D. annoyed"恼怒的"。根据空前"stop eating"和生活常识可知，法国人停止进食应该是感觉吃饱了。故选B。
26．句意：然而，美国人往往在他们的盘子空了或者他们最喜欢的电视节目结束时才会停止进食。A. pockets"口袋"；B. refrigerators"冰箱"；C. houses"房屋"；D. plates"盘子"。根据上文"There are too many fat people in America"可知，美国人普遍肥胖，可推知，他们不知道控制饮食，直到盘子空了才会停止进食。故选D。
27．句意：根据健康专家约瑟夫·梅科拉博士的说法，法国人把饮食看作他们生活方式的重要组成部分。A. as"作为"；B. into"到……里面"；C. inside"在……里"；D. to"朝，向"。根据下文"They enjoy food"可知，法国人享受食物的乐趣，可推知，法国人把饮食看作他们生活方式的重要组成部分，see…as…固定短语，"把……看作……"。故选A。
28．句意：他们喜欢食物，因此会在餐桌上花费很长时间，而美国人则认为吃饭是介于其他日常活动之间的任何事情。A. long"长的"；B. short"短的"；C. exciting"令人兴奋的"；D. fast"快的"。根据上文"the French see eating 7 an important part of their lifestyle"可知，法国人把饮食看作他们生活方式的重要组成部分，可推知，他们会在餐桌上花费很长时间。故选A。
29．句意：梅科拉认为，美国人在实际吃饱时失去了感知能力。A. bring"带来"；B. lose"失去"；C. get"得到"；D. receive"接收"。根据上文"Americans tend to stop when their 6 are empty or their favorite TV show is over"可知，美国人不知道控制饮食，直到盘子空了才会停止进食，可推知，美国人在实际吃饱时失去了感知能力。故选B。
30．句意：此外，他还指出，美国人每周都会开车去大型超市购买罐装和冷冻食品。A. frozen"冷冻的"；B. cool"凉的"；C. warm"温暖的"；D. hot"热的"。根据上文"There are too many fat people in America"可知，美国人普遍肥胖；以及空前"canned"可知，美国人的饮食不健康，每周都会购买罐装和冷冻食品。故选A。
31．句意：相反，法国人倾向于每天购物，步行到小商店和农贸市场，在那里他们每餐都可以选择新鲜水果、富含纤维的蔬菜、鸡蛋和优质肉类。A. therefore"因此"；B. instead"相反"；C. meanwhile "同时"；D. consequently"因此"。根据上文"buy canned and 10 foods"；以及空后"have a choice of fresh fruit, vegetables rich in fiber"可知，美国人和法国人的饮食不同，美国人购买罐装和冷冻食品，相反，法国人倾向于购买新鲜水果和富含纤维的蔬菜，"instead"意为"相反"，符合语境。故选B。
32．句意：《法国女人不会胖》一书的作者米雷耶·吉利亚诺在访问美国后，决定写一篇关于知道何时停止进食的重要性的文章，而不是建议如何避免食物。A. write"写"；B. read"阅读"；C. speak"说话"；D. think"思考"。根据空前"author of French Women Don't Get Fat"可知，米雷耶·吉利亚诺是一位作家，可推知，她决定写一篇关于知道何时停止进食的重要性的文章。故选A。
33．句意：《法国女人不会胖》一书的作者米雷耶·吉利亚诺在访问美国后，决定写一篇关于知道何时停止进食的重要性的文章，而不是建议如何避免食物。A. fruit"水果"；B. oil"油"；C. food"食物"；D. egg"鸡蛋"。根据空前"knowing when to stop"可知，减肥的重点是知道何时停止进食，而不是避免食物。故选C。
34．句意：尽管存在这些差异，但有证据表明，最近的生活方式的变化可能会影响法国人的饮食习惯。A. examples"例子"；B. changes"变化"；C. designs"设计"；D. stories"故事"。根据下文"the young reject older traditions"可知，年轻人拒绝古老的传统，可推知，最近的生活方式发生了变化。故选B。
35．句意：然而，随着美国快餐获得认可，而且年轻人拒绝接受古老的传统，法国儿童的肥胖率已经达到17%，而且还在增长。A. failure"失败"；B. success"成功"；C. confidence"信心"；D. acceptance"认可"。根据空后"the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing"可知，法国儿童的肥胖率正在不断增加，可推知，美国快餐在法国获得了认可，法国儿童吃了快餐后导致发胖。故选D。
四、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
People
tend to connect to their cultural or ethnic group through similar food patterns.
Immigrants often use food as a means of maintaining their cultural identity. People
from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods. The ingredients, methods
of preparation, preservation techniques (技巧), and types
of food eaten at different mealtimes vary among cultures. The areas in which families
live and where their ancestors originated influence food likes and dislikes. These
food preferences result in patterns of food choices within a cultural or regional
group.
Nations
or countries are frequently associated with certain foods. For example, many people
associate Italy with pizza and pasta (意大利面食). Yet
Italians eat many other foods, and types of pasta dishes vary throughout Italy.
Methods of preparation and types of food in a nation vary by region. Some families
in the United States prefer to eat "meat and potatoes," but "meat
and potatoes" are not eaten on a regular basis, nor even preferred, by many
in the United States and would not be labeled a national cuisine.
Regional
food habits do exist, but they also change over time. As people immigrate, food
practices and preferences are imported and exported. Families move to other locations,
bringing their food preferences with them. They may use their old recipes with new
ingredients, or experiment with new recipes. In addition, food itself is imported
from other countries. Approximately (大约) 80 percent
of Samoa's food requirements are imported from the United States, New Zealand, or
Australia. Because people and food are mobile, attempts to characterize a country
or people by what they eat are often inaccurate.
Even the
role of conversation during mealtime varies from place to place. Many families believe
that mealtime is a good time to catch up on the lives of family and friends.
Among other families, conversation during a meal is acceptable, but the topics of
conversation are limited. In some Southeast Asian countries, it is considered polite
to limit conversation during a meal.
Food traditions
vary widely throughout the world. However, in most parts of the world, food is associated
with hospitality (好客) and expression of friendship.
Therefore, sensitivity to food rules and customs is important in building and strengthening
cross-cultural relationships.
36．What can be learned about Italians' eating habits
A．They differ from region to region.
B．They center on meat and potatoes.
C．They mainly consist of pizza and pasta.
D．They are similar to American eating habits.
37．What is the author trying to reveal with the example of Samoa
A．People are forming new food preferences.
B．People can't be simply defined by their food.
C．People don't have the same food requirements.
D．People are developing a liking for international food.
38．What does the underlined part "catch up on" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Learn about. B．Make up for.
C．Continue with. D．Make a difference to.
39．What advice is given in the last paragraph
A．Expression of friendship should be appropriate.
B．Awareness of food cultures should be developed.
C．Cross-cultural relationships should be built continually.
D．Food traditions should be passed on from generation to generation.
【答案】36．A
37．B
38．A
39．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同种族、不同背景的人有不同的饮食文化。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
36．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Yet Italians eat many other foods, and types of pasta dishes vary throughout Italy. Methods of preparation and types of food in a nation vary by region.”然而，意大利人吃许多其他食物，意大利面食的种类在整个意大利各不相同。一个国家的食物制备方法和种类因地区而异。可知，不同地区的意大利人饮食习惯各不相同。故选A。
37．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Because people and food are mobile, attempts to characterize a country or people by what they eat are often inaccurate.”因为人和食物是流动的，所以试图用一个国家或一个人的饮食来描述他们的特征往往是不准确的。可知，作者举萨摩亚食物进口的例子是为了说明人们不能单纯以饮食定义一个国家或种族。故选B。
38．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的conversation可知，这段是说吃饭的时候与家人朋友交流以“了解”他们的近况。可推知catch up on是“了解”之意，故选A。
39．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Food traditions vary widely throughout the world. However, in most parts of the world, food is associated with hospitality (好客) and expression of friendship. Therefore, sensitivity to food rules and customs is important in building and strengthening cross-cultural relationships.”世界各地的饮食传统差异很大。然而，在世界大多数地区，食物与热情好客和表达友谊联系在一起。因此，对食品规则和习俗的敏感性对于建立和加强跨文化关系至关重要。可知，作者认为饮食是建立友谊的一座桥梁，所以我们要有一定的饮食文化意识，了解不同的饮食文化。故选B。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There is more of a connection between food and culture than
you may think. On an
individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and
good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal
value for us. Food from
our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of
frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of
culture. It also
operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it
wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of
coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve
traditional dishes. However, the
food does not remain exactly the same. Some
materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so
the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their
home countries. Additionally,
immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but
to people from different countries. Therefore,
they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider
range of customers. Those
changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the
dishes.
We should embrace our heritage(遗产) through our culture's food but also become more informed about other
cultures by trying their food. It is
important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to
which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as
such.
40．What's the function of food mentioned in the article
A．To help motivate homesickness. B．To show national identity.
C．To reflect a country's history. D．To show a community's superiority.
41．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The specific traditional food. B．The national culture.
C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste.
42．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant
A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.
B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.
C．To make the dishes popular among customers.
D．To present their own food culture in a new way.
43．What's the author's attitude towards different food cultures
A．Negative. B．Balanced. C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.
【答案】40．B
41．A
42．C
43．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者从食物与文化的关系的角度表达了自己的看法。作者认为传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，它也是一种文化身份的表达，食物是了解文化的窗口。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness.”它也是一种文化身份的表达。移民无论走到哪里都会带着它，这是他们文化自豪的象征，也是解决乡愁的手段。可知，文中提到食物是一种文化身份的表达，故选B。
41．考查代词指代。根据第二段中的"On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. "在很大程度上，传统食物是文化的重要组成部分。它也是一种文化身份的表达。可知，此句中it代指"传统食物"。传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，是文化认同的一种表达方式。移民们把它带到任何地方，它是他们的文化自豪感的象征，也是应对思乡之情的手段。故选A。
42．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. "此外，移民不仅向来自同一国家的人出售菜肴，还向来自不同国家的人销售菜肴。因此，他们不得不对原有的菜肴做一些小改动，以迎合更广泛的顾客。可知，一些移民不得不改变他们餐馆原有的菜肴是为了迎合不同的顾客。故选C。
43．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的" We should embrace our heritage(遗产) through our culture's food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. "，我们应该通过我们的文化食物来接受我们的文化遗产，但也应该通过品尝其他文化的食物来了解其他文化，故选B。
()/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
Unit 3 Period 1 Reading and Thinking分层练习
语言能力 了解不同地方中国美食的特点。
学习能力 引导学生理解文字背后隐藏的意义。
思维品质 培养学生逻辑思维能力
文化意识 了解中外美食的区别。
一、单词拼写
1．Nowadays, there are a lot of people who think that plastic surgery(整形手术) is 　 　(稍微;有点) hard to accept.
2．At the class meeting, the students expressed their views on the behavior of admiring vanity(虚荣) and wearing famous 　 　(品牌) clothes.
3．As they move to high school, their characters are fully formed and they are both very 　 　(稳重的) teenagers.
4．　 　(甜点)is not seen as an essential part of the meal, but as something extra.
5．It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of 　 　 (全面的) quality.
6．So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is far from 　 　 (理想的).
7．That is the reason why I recommend another 　 　 (种类) of books to my students.
8．Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream, which 　 　 (有点) bothers us.
9．Just a couple of weeks later, I ran in to my old friend Tom in the university 　 　 (自助餐厅).
10．We should take effective measures to reduce the discharge to the 　 　 (最小) in order to protect the environment.
二、语法填空
11．I 　 　(plan) to come over to see you last night, but someone called me and I couldn't get away.
12．My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they 　 　(know) for the past 60 years. (2021全国乙)
13．They 　 　(ask)him to bring some pepperoni(辣香肠) from back east. So he filled a suitcase full of pepperoni. (2021全国甲)
14．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who　 　(trap) in the mountains for two days.(2018北京)
15．By about 6000 BC, people 　 　(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.(2020浙江)
16．Amy, as well as her brothers,　 　(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.(2019天津)
17．A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith　 　(fall) in love with the people and culture there.(2019江苏)
18．It was the third time that we 　 　(do) the experiment.
19．By the time Jack returned home from England, his son　 　(graduate) from college.
20．Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they 　 　 (receive) from China.
三、完形填空
完形填空
There are too many fat people in America, so many Americans are fighting against overweight. But the 21． thing is that the French,who consume rich food, tend to stay thin. Now a 22． by Cornell University points out 23． lifestyle and decisions about 24． may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel 25． . However, Americans tend to stop when their 26． are empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating 27． an important part of their lifestyle. They enjoy food and therefore spend a very 28． time at the table,while Americans see eating as anything to be squeezed in between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans 29． the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and 30． foods for the week. The French, 31． , tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers' markets where they have a choice of fresh fruit, vegetables rich in fiber, and eggs as well as high-quality meat for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don't Get Fat, decided to 32． about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid 33． . Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent lifestyle 34． may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity(肥胖)—or extreme overweight—among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains 35． and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.
21．A．formal B．strange C．natural D．modern
22．A．novel B．study C．strategy D．newspaper
23．A．that B．what C．where D．when
24．A．working B．living C．eating D．studying
25．A．sensitive B．full C．happy D．annoyed
26．A．pockets B．refrigerators C．houses D．plates
27．A．as B．into C．inside D．to
28．A．long B．short C．exciting D．fast
29．A．bring B．lose C．get D．receive
30．A．frozen B．cool C．warm D．hot
31．A．therefore B．instead C．meanwhile D．consequently
32．A．write B．read C．speak D．think
33．A．fruit B．oil C．food D．egg
34．A．examples B．changes C．designs D．stories
35．A．failure B．success C．confidence D．acceptance
四、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
People
tend to connect to their cultural or ethnic group through similar food patterns.
Immigrants often use food as a means of maintaining their cultural identity. People
from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods. The ingredients, methods
of preparation, preservation techniques (技巧), and types
of food eaten at different mealtimes vary among cultures. The areas in which families
live and where their ancestors originated influence food likes and dislikes. These
food preferences result in patterns of food choices within a cultural or regional
group.
Nations
or countries are frequently associated with certain foods. For example, many people
associate Italy with pizza and pasta (意大利面食). Yet
Italians eat many other foods, and types of pasta dishes vary throughout Italy.
Methods of preparation and types of food in a nation vary by region. Some families
in the United States prefer to eat "meat and potatoes," but "meat
and potatoes" are not eaten on a regular basis, nor even preferred, by many
in the United States and would not be labeled a national cuisine.
Regional
food habits do exist, but they also change over time. As people immigrate, food
practices and preferences are imported and exported. Families move to other locations,
bringing their food preferences with them. They may use their old recipes with new
ingredients, or experiment with new recipes. In addition, food itself is imported
from other countries. Approximately (大约) 80 percent
of Samoa's food requirements are imported from the United States, New Zealand, or
Australia. Because people and food are mobile, attempts to characterize a country
or people by what they eat are often inaccurate.
Even the
role of conversation during mealtime varies from place to place. Many families believe
that mealtime is a good time to catch up on the lives of family and friends.
Among other families, conversation during a meal is acceptable, but the topics of
conversation are limited. In some Southeast Asian countries, it is considered polite
to limit conversation during a meal.
Food traditions
vary widely throughout the world. However, in most parts of the world, food is associated
with hospitality (好客) and expression of friendship.
Therefore, sensitivity to food rules and customs is important in building and strengthening
cross-cultural relationships.
36．What can be learned about Italians' eating habits
A．They differ from region to region.
B．They center on meat and potatoes.
C．They mainly consist of pizza and pasta.
D．They are similar to American eating habits.
37．What is the author trying to reveal with the example of Samoa
A．People are forming new food preferences.
B．People can't be simply defined by their food.
C．People don't have the same food requirements.
D．People are developing a liking for international food.
38．What does the underlined part "catch up on" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Learn about. B．Make up for.
C．Continue with. D．Make a difference to.
39．What advice is given in the last paragraph
A．Expression of friendship should be appropriate.
B．Awareness of food cultures should be developed.
C．Cross-cultural relationships should be built continually.
D．Food traditions should be passed on from generation to generation.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There is more of a connection between food and culture than
you may think. On an
individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and
good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal
value for us. Food from
our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of
frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of
culture. It also
operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it
wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of
coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve
traditional dishes. However, the
food does not remain exactly the same. Some
materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so
the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their
home countries. Additionally,
immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but
to people from different countries. Therefore,
they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider
range of customers. Those
changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the
dishes.
We should embrace our heritage(遗产) through our culture's food but also become more informed about other
cultures by trying their food. It is
important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to
which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as
such.
40．What's the function of food mentioned in the article
A．To help motivate homesickness. B．To show national identity.
C．To reflect a country's history. D．To show a community's superiority.
41．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The specific traditional food. B．The national culture.
C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste.
42．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant
A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.
B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.
C．To make the dishes popular among customers.
D．To present their own food culture in a new way.
43．What's the author's attitude towards different food cultures
A．Negative. B．Balanced. C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.
()

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