【命题风向标】德育话题--备考2025中考英语真题新题型分类 原卷
（2024·四川眉山·中考真题）Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy.
Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live
Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risks of falls. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation (循环), making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health
Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money
So, let’s think again what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, the value of you is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person.
1．Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage
A．Because the diets are healthy. B．Because they just want to look good.
C．Because they want to save time. D．Because they want to save money.
2．What is the writer’s purpose of using a question in each paragraph
A．To ask for help from readers. B．To tell how to spend time and money.
C．To introduce the latest fashion. D．To lead readers to think about the topic.
3．What does the underlined word “well-being” mean in the last paragraph
A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth.
4．Which of the following is the structure of the passage
（①=Paragraph 1;②=Paragraph2……）
A． B． C． D．
（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）
A theory of emotionTwo scientists called Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer developed the two-factor theory of emotion in 1962. They said that emotions are formed in two parts. First, the body has a physical response to a threat and then the mind considers the physical response as an emotion, which is then felt by the person. For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out. Your mind then decides that this is fear, which you feel as an emotion.
A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation.
The study was published in March by Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman from Ohio State University in the US. They wanted to explore the popular theory that venting (expressing) anger is a good way of reducing it. Examples of venting anger include shouting or hitting something like a cushion, so that you let go of the emotion and therefore don’t feel it any more. The pair looked at 154 other studies on anger. These involved 10, 189 people, and included a variety of ages and backgrounds. In their study, Kjaervik and Bushman define anger as “an emotional response (反应) to a real or imagined threat (威胁)”. They used a theory of emotion (情绪假说) that says emotions are partly felt in your body and partly in your mind.
The scientists looked at the other studies to see how different activities influenced anger. They found that activities such as running or boxing—which are often thought to be good for dealing with anger—weren’t very good at reducing it. In fact, some of these activities actually made it worse because they increased physical responses in the body that are linked to feeling angry. For example, they made people’s hearts beat faster. However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga. Bushman says activities that increase physical responses may be good for heart health but are “definitely not the best way to reduce anger”.
The team found jogging was most likely to increase anger. However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger.
5．What is the main finding of the new study
A．A new method of venting anger. B．A new method of reducing anger.
C．Good activities to vent anger. D．Good activities to reduce anger.
6．What can we learn about calming activities
A．They can reduce feelings of anger. B．They can increase the heart rate.
C．They are good for mind health. D．They are good for heart health.
7．According to Schachter and Singer’s theory, what happens first if you see a snake and feel afraid
A．You get the feeling of fear. B．You get the feeling of calm.
C．Your heart beats fast. D．Your heart beats slowly.
8．The following sentence can best be put at the end of ________.
They think this shows that fun or playful activities help to reduce negative feelings.
A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4
（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）阅读下面文字，从A到F选项中为每个段落选出一个最适合的标题。
What makes you happy Different people have different answers—doing well at school, being picked to play in a sports team or receiving the birthday present you wanted.
9 Every year since 2013, the world has celebrated International Day of Happiness. It falls on 20 March and was created by the United Nations (UN). The UN set up the day to tell people that happiness is important.
10 This year, the goal for International Day of Happiness is “keep calm, stay wise and be kind”. Keeping calm reminds people not to let their worries out of control. Staying wise means choosing activities increases your happiness. Be kind to the people around.
11 Research has shown that happiness is good for people’s health. The happy people seldom get sick. The happier people will live longer and serve more to the communities where they live.
12 Lots of scientific research shows we can improve our happiness if we use the right ways, such as trying a new sport, setting a new goal, telling a friend something you like about them and so on.
13 No one feels happy all the time. Everybody may feel angry, nervous or sad from time to time. If you feel upset for a long time, you should talk to an adult you trust or share your feelings with your best friends.
A．How to make yourself happy
B．The meaning of happiness
C．The advantages of happiness
D．How to deal with unhappiness
E．The date of International Day of Happiness
F．The goal for International Day of Happiness
（2024·山东烟台·中考真题）Everyone knows some teachers who whole-heartedly help their students learn and grow. This year, Teacher Appreciation (感谢) Week starts from May 6. To celebrate it, we asked some kids to make cards to thank the teachers who inspired them greatly. Let’s enjoy some of their works and think about which teacher inspires you.
14．How did students celebrate this year’s Teacher Appreciation Week
A．By writing thank-you cards. B．By helping their teachers.
C．By sending teachers presents. D．By telephoning their teachers.
15．What problem did Harper probably have in the past
A．He was afraid of speaking in class. B．He had difficulty in reading and writing.
C．He didn’t get along well with his parents. D．He was too shy to communicate with others.
16．What do Mrs. Elizabeth White and Mrs. Taylor have in common
A．They are strict. B．They are humorous.
C．They are energetic. D．They are encouraging.
（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）
Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. “A Farewell (告别) Song” is about saying goodbye to a friend. It is a famous poem by Wang Wei, a great poet, who lived in Tang Dynasty. He is good at writing poems and drawing. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. His poems are full of beauty and imagination.
“No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain”, “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green”, a picture of silence and peace gets into our eyes. After a morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. The hotel looks green. The willows look fresh. Everything is nice, gentle and silent. Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends.
“I invite you to drink a cup of wine again” is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend. Having another drink together is like a symbol of their goodbye. Lastly, “West of the sunny pass no more friends will be seen” shows the feeling of being alone and missing someone. It also shows his sincere love and care for his friend.
“A Farewell Song” creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye.
17．Who is the writer of this poem
A．李白 B．王维 C．杜甫
18．When did Wang Wei’s friend leave in the poem
A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn.
19．What is considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China
A．A morning rain. B．A hotel. C．A willow branch.
20．Which of the following rhymes (押韵) are RIGHT for this poem
A．aa-bb. B．ab-ab. C．ab-cd.
21．What does Wang Wei want to show in this poem
A．To show his excitement after seeing his old friend.
B．To show his joy before separating from his friend.
C．To show a feeling of quiet sadness before farewell.
（2024·江苏徐州·三模）阅读短文，从短文后A至F六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How was your sleep last night World Sleep Day fell on March 21 this year. How can we have healthy sleep Take a look at these two tips.
◆Waking up naturally
22 Studies showed that when you get “shocked” by the alarm, your breathing will go up from 16 to 24 breaths per minute. Your heart will have 10 more beats every minute. Your blood pressure will rise.
“This is a very unhappy way to start the day,” sleep scientist Whitney Roman told the online magazine Bustle. 23 “This will mess up your body’s natural sleep-wake cycle,” said Roman.
So, what should we do 24 Or leave part of the curtains (窗帘) open—the rising sun will wake you up.
◆Sleep early, get up early
Some young people may go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 am to 10 am. 25
But in fact, our bodies can tell time. They use light and temperature to do so. If we wake up too late, our bodies might feel stuck between sleep and being awake. 26
A．They think as long as they have 8 hours of sleep, everything will be fine.
B．Waking up to a ringing alarm is never fun.
C．Good sleep can make you energetic in the daytime.
D．You’ll feel worse if you fallback to get a few more minutes of sleep.
E．That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping.
F．Try to choose an alarm with softer and lower sounds.
（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Naps (小睡) don’t just feel amazing — they are amazing. A study published in the magazine Heart found a relationship between healthy napping and a lowered risk of heart disease. The American Psychological Association points out that naps can improve memory, learning ability, immune system function (免疫功能) and mood. Sara Mednick, the writer of The Power of the Downstate, explains that when you fall asleep, your body moves through stages that each play a role in health.
Stage 1: the “dozing off” (打瞌睡) period
Stage 2: heart rate (率) and brain activity slow down
Stage 3: deep sleep
Stage 4: REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, when brain activity increases and you’re most likely to dream.
Ideal napping times are based around this four-stage cycle.
The 20-minute nap
Between 20 and 30 minutes is one napping sweet spot, according to Mednick, who explains that you get enough Stage 2 sleep to turn your body and mind into full relaxation mode, good for memory.
The 60-minute nap
Stage 3 sleep is a time for your body to repair itself, strengthen the immune system and recharge energy stores. But waking up during this stage can make you feel weak or rather ill, Mednick says. Most people start to move out of Stage 3 after around 60 minutes, which makes it a good time to set your alarm clock.
The 90-minute nap
A complete sleep cycle is about an hour and a half, and napping for a full cycle is of great help. But naps longer than 90 minutes can influence nighttime sleep and might even lead to a bad memory, according to a study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. Not a regular napper That’s OK. “Everyone needs to rest, but not everyone necessarily needs to nap, ” says Mednick.
27．What can a healthy napping improve
A．Mood. B．Skills. C．Sports ability. D．Nighttime sleep.
28．What can we learn from the passage
A．People will not have a dream until Stage 3.
B．People who nap too long may be forgetful.
C．People can get enough Stage 2 sleep in 5 minutes.
D．People who nap healthily won’t have heart diseases.
29．If you have a speech at 1:00 p. m., which kind of nap will be the best choice at noon
A．A 10-minute nap. B．A 30-minute nap. C．A 60-minute nap. D．A 90-minute nap.
（2024·吉林松原·三模）For years I have noticed that one common characteristic (特征) that successful people have is curiosity (好奇心). Why is curiosity important Because it provides you with a fresh perspective (视角) and fresh ideas, and curious people can see things that many other people can’t. So how can you develop curiosity 30
Expect things to be fun. Instead of expecting things to be boring, expect them to be fun. 31 Once you do it, it will be much easier for you to find the fun side of almost everything. And also, more doors of chances will be open for you.
Always have questions in your mind. Whenever you deal with a topic, have questions in your mind. Find the answers and ask new questions. 32 They can change your learning process from being boring to being interesting.
Take on a new challenge. By taking on a new challenge, you will want to prove to yourself (or perhaps to others) that you can make it. One good way to do that is to create a competition with your friends to find out who can do something faster or better.
Connect new things with what you've already known. Things will be more exciting if you can connect what you’re learning with what you’ve already known. Why 33
Add variety (多样性) to your life. Find new possibilities by stepping into new topics. 34 Meet people from all walks of life.
All the advice above can be summarized (概括) in just one phrase “make things fun”.
根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。
A．Read books in new fields.
B．Here are some tips that you can follow.
C．Curiosity is part of the children’s nature.
D．This small change in your thinking can make a big difference.
E．Questions keep your mind busy.
F．Because that improves your understanding of the world and allows you to see new things that you haven’t noticed before.
（2024·宁夏吴忠·二模）Dear Mum,
Today is my birthday and it is the first birthday I have spent far away from home. I miss you very much.
A few days ago, we learned a poem and discussed the famous line “You don’t know what you’ve got until its gone.” Miss Li told us that her primary school teacher made a huge difference in her life. She told us how her teacher encouraged her. But she mentioned that she didn’t have a chance to tell her. She was sad about this. This made me think a lot, especially when I’m thousands of kilometres away from home. I am writing you this letter because I want you to know how much I love you.
A friend once said that a person’s happiness was mostly because of their childhood. I agree with her. I still remember the times when you held my hand and counted steps with me as we walked along. You told me stories about the brave elephant and encouraged me to be a confident girl. I also remember that in our small flat, you read books at your desk and I played with my toys on the bed nearby. In cool autumns, we took many walks along the street, chatting and laughing together. My childhood was filled with these warm memories. Now, I see what an influence you’ve had on my life.
Time flies and so much has happened. There have been good times and bad times, successes and failures, but you were always by my side. When I won the swimming prize, you smiled and said you were proud of me. When I failed my maths exam, you encouraged me and said that everything would be fine. Your words encouraged me to deal with all my difficulties. Now when I have problems, I always think of your words and they help me so much. You have always said that we should judge people’s success by how they live their lives every day. Now I think I am living a successful life and it’s because of you. I think I should say “Thank you, Mum.”
Love,
Feifei
35．What does the underlined word “her” refer to
A．Miss Li. B．Eeifei.
C．Miss Li’s teacher. D．Feife’s mum.
36．In Paragraph 3 in the body of the letter, Feifei describes her mum’s influence on her life by ________.
A．expressing opinions B．providing examples
C．telling stories D．using sayings
37．Why does Feifei write the letter
A．To express why she thanks her mother.
B．To tell how she is living at present.
C．To recall her mother’s achievements.
D．To show her happy childhood.
38．What can we infer from the last paragraph of the letter
A．Feifei faces many difficulties. B．Feifei depends on her mother.
C．Feifei is on the way to success. D．Feifei is living a successful life.
（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）
“Pure love, only for China.” When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World read out the words in a lost phone to find its owner, people all cheered for these 39 words on the wallpaper (屏保) of the phone. These words were written by Chen Xiangrong who lost his life for the safety of our country. The 40 of the lost phone is a student from Heilongjiang University. Her family name is Xie.
Xie knew Chen Xiangrong when she 41 in a high school. One day, she learned about Chen’s story from a newspaper and was deeply moved. Since then, Xie has regarded Chen as 42 and hoped one day she could also serve our country like him. She has kept Chen’s words “Pure love, only for China” in 43 phone together with a Chinese national flag as an inspiration.
To her surprise, the wallpaper 44 on the Internet suddenly. Even many people asked for the wallpaper. “I am very 45 that many young people hold the same dream as me. We all have a feeling of responsibility and big 46 ,” Xie said. “I believe that through our hard work, our country will be stronger and stronger! We will 47 to create a better future for our country!”
We Chinese people are confident, ambitious and responsible. “Pure love, only for China.” 48 these words are simple, they show our strong respect, love and loyalty to our country.
39．A．funny B．touching C．scary
40．A．owner B．wallpaper C．picture
41．A．taught B．played C．studied
42．A．a host B．a student C．an example
43．A．his B．her C．our
44．A．was broken B．got lost C．became popular
45．A．excited B．bored C．sorry
46．A．phones B．dreams C．problems
47．A．try our best B．feel free C．write words
48．A．So B．Although C．Unless
（2024·新疆·中考真题）My daughter Linda is kind. She always writes love notes as gifts to warm 49 .
Her brother Stephen 50 a basketball game. She wrote a note to tell him he was the best player in the world 51 he didn’t win the game. After work, I often got her thank-you note with 52 face for my efforts.
We were used to receiving Linda’s love notes and always put them up on the fridge. But one day I 53 found there was no one for Linda. At that time, my eyes filled 54 tears (眼泪). My husband asked me 55 was wrong. I pointed at the notes on the fridge. Though I said 56 , he knew exactly what I was trying to tell him.
Weeks 57 I could see the notes for Linda on the fridge. In return, she wrote more notes to show her love.
Linda has 58 . She has her own family and children. But some things about her have 59 changed.
One afternoon, I got another love note 60 her. “Thanks for always being there for me, Mom. I am 61 to have you as family. “It reminded me of all her love 62 . They are the warmest 63 in the world.
49．A．others B．herself C．him
50．A．got B．lost C．won
51．A．although B．or C．and
52．A．crying B．sleeping C．smiling
53．A．politely B．suddenly C．deeply
54．A．to B．of C．with
55．A．what B．which C．who
56．A．everything B．nothing C．something
57．A．later B．before C．ago
58．A．made up B．given up C．grown up
59．A．always B．never C．often
60．A．at B．in C．from
61．A．happy B．unhappy C．lonely
62．A．books B．notes C．lessons
63．A．gifts B．fridges C．games
（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）In my memory, my father was always cold to me. When I was young, I had to take the bus home. Though the bus stop was two miles away from home, he never 64 me there. So I often went home on my own, even in bad weather. If I complained (抱怨), he always said in a 65 voice, “That’s what your legs are for!”
In fact, I was afraid to walk 66 in the dark because it was dangerous. And I thought my father never worried about my 67 . But that feeling changed on a spring evening.
That evening, when the bus arrived at the stop, I 68 the bus to walk home. There was a row of bush (矮树丛) along the way. Suddenly, I saw something 69 moving along the top of the bush towards my house. When I came closer, I realized it was my father’s 70 . Then I knew, each time I came home, he would stand behind the bush, 71 , until he knew I arrived safely. At that time, I knew he 72 for me secretly.
Later, that spot (地点) of grey was my watch tower. I never told my father I knew his 73 . But I never complained about his coldness again. Love is always there, whether we see it or not.
64．A．met B．hugged C．noticed
65．A．soft B．loud C．sweet
66．A．fast B．alone C．ahead
67．A．health B．safety C．happiness
68．A．got off B．waited for C．looked around
69．A．grey B．white C．black
70．A．neck B．foot C．head
71．A．waving B．playing C．watching
72．A．cared B．looked C．worked
73．A．choice B．secret C．opinion
（2024·安徽·中考真题）My family has always had family dinners, as far as I can remember. Since I was a little boy, my mother has insisted (坚持) that we attend family dinners at least once a week. Every Sunday, my mother would prepare a lot of food and bring it to my grandma’s house. We would wait for more family members to come before eating together at the table, my grandma’s dinner table.
I used to feel that was a silly little tradition. But now I find it’s fantastic to get together as a family to talk about anything and everything after a long week of school and work. Every time I sit at the dinner table, my grandma’s dinner table, I look around and find so many people who truly love me. It’s a love that feels so good. For me, dinner is not just a meal, but a chance to reconnect with each other.
I finally realize the true meaning of this tradition. It’s not about the dinners or activities. It’s about family, a group of people who care about each other. All the memories (记忆) around my grandma’s dinner table will last forever.
Now, I’m always expecting Sunday to arrive.
74．How often do the writer’s family members get together for dinner （不超过5个词）
75．What does dinner mean to the writer （不超过10个词）
76．Why is “my grandma’s dinner table” mentioned several times in the text （不超过10个词）
（2024·湖北咸宁·二模）阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
bright find fresh full get life quiet support thank warm
In November, we had a unique (独特的) class meeting. Our teacher took us out of the classroom and into the 77 playground. The aim was to help us write Thanksgiving cards by 78 closer to nature.
The sun was shining 79 as we all got together on the playground. The soft wind carried the sweet smell of 80 grass and flowers. We were then given blank (空白的) cards and asked to write Thanksgiving messages to anyone for whom we felt 81 . Our teacher wanted us to feel the beauty of nature and show our thanks to the people who make our 82 beautiful.
As I sat there, I realized how much I had in my life to be thankful for. I wrote cards to my parents, friends, and my teachers to thank them for their love and 83 . Later, I sent the cards to the people I thanked. The smiles on their faces were like warm sunshine. I also got two cards from my best friends. My heart is 84 of happiness. This class activity taught me a lesson—to 85 beauty in the ordinary (平凡) and to be thankful for it. Life is not just about achieving big dreams, but also about holding the small moments that fill our days with joy and 86 . We should always appreciate the people who enrich (使……丰富) our lives in different ways.
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【命题风向标】德育话题--备考2025中考英语真题新题型分类 解析卷
（2024·四川眉山·中考真题）Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy.
Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live
Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risks of falls. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation (循环), making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health
Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money
So, let’s think again what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, the value of you is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person.
1．Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage
A．Because the diets are healthy. B．Because they just want to look good.
C．Because they want to save time. D．Because they want to save money.
2．What is the writer’s purpose of using a question in each paragraph
A．To ask for help from readers. B．To tell how to spend time and money.
C．To introduce the latest fashion. D．To lead readers to think about the topic.
3．What does the underlined word “well-being” mean in the last paragraph
A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth.
4．Which of the following is the structure of the passage
（①=Paragraph 1;②=Paragraph2……）
A． B． C． D．
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由个人决定的，健康的生活才是最重要的。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health.”可知，有些人为了看起来好看，开始了极端的饮食。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s more important to be healthy.”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了引导读者思考“健康更重要”这个主题。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Is it a healthy way to live ”、第三段“Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health ”及第四段“Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money ”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以well-being指的是“健康”。故选B。
4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出文章主题：时尚不是一切，健康更重要；文章第二、三、四段介绍了当下一些年轻人为了追求时尚而忽视健康的反面案例；文章最后一段总结全文，再次强调健康以及个人价值的重要性。故文章的正确结构是C选项的结构。故选C。
（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）
A theory of emotionTwo scientists called Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer developed the two-factor theory of emotion in 1962. They said that emotions are formed in two parts. First, the body has a physical response to a threat and then the mind considers the physical response as an emotion, which is then felt by the person. For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out. Your mind then decides that this is fear, which you feel as an emotion.
A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation.
The study was published in March by Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman from Ohio State University in the US. They wanted to explore the popular theory that venting (expressing) anger is a good way of reducing it. Examples of venting anger include shouting or hitting something like a cushion, so that you let go of the emotion and therefore don’t feel it any more. The pair looked at 154 other studies on anger. These involved 10, 189 people, and included a variety of ages and backgrounds. In their study, Kjaervik and Bushman define anger as “an emotional response (反应) to a real or imagined threat (威胁)”. They used a theory of emotion (情绪假说) that says emotions are partly felt in your body and partly in your mind.
The scientists looked at the other studies to see how different activities influenced anger. They found that activities such as running or boxing—which are often thought to be good for dealing with anger—weren’t very good at reducing it. In fact, some of these activities actually made it worse because they increased physical responses in the body that are linked to feeling angry. For example, they made people’s hearts beat faster. However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga. Bushman says activities that increase physical responses may be good for heart health but are “definitely not the best way to reduce anger”.
The team found jogging was most likely to increase anger. However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger.
5．What is the main finding of the new study
A．A new method of venting anger. B．A new method of reducing anger.
C．Good activities to vent anger. D．Good activities to reduce anger.
6．What can we learn about calming activities
A．They can reduce feelings of anger. B．They can increase the heart rate.
C．They are good for mind health. D．They are good for heart health.
7．According to Schachter and Singer’s theory, what happens first if you see a snake and feel afraid
A．You get the feeling of fear. B．You get the feeling of calm.
C．Your heart beats fast. D．Your heart beats slowly.
8．The following sentence can best be put at the end of ________.
They think this shows that fun or playful activities help to reduce negative feelings.
A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4
【答案】5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了关于情绪的两因素理论，以及一项新的研究发现，即减少愤怒感觉的关键不是发泄，而是做一些如瑜伽或冥想等平静的活动。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation.”可知，新的研究发现，减少愤怒感觉的关键不是发泄，而是做一些如瑜伽或冥想等平静的活动，故这项新的研究主要发现了一些可以减少愤怒的好的活动。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga.”可知，那些能够减少身体反应的活动，即深呼吸、冥想和瑜伽等平静的活动有助于减少愤怒感觉。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据“For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out.”可知，文章指出，当我们看到一只熊时，我们的身体可能会做出反应，比如心跳得很快，出汗。故可知当我们看到一条蛇并感到害怕时，我们心跳也会加快。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据第四段“However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger.”可知，团队发现一些增加心率的活动，如球类运动和团队运动，可能会减少愤怒。这表明有趣的活动有助于减少负面情绪。故这句话可以放在第四自然段的结尾。故选D。
（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）阅读下面文字，从A到F选项中为每个段落选出一个最适合的标题。
What makes you happy Different people have different answers—doing well at school, being picked to play in a sports team or receiving the birthday present you wanted.
9 Every year since 2013, the world has celebrated International Day of Happiness. It falls on 20 March and was created by the United Nations (UN). The UN set up the day to tell people that happiness is important.
10 This year, the goal for International Day of Happiness is “keep calm, stay wise and be kind”. Keeping calm reminds people not to let their worries out of control. Staying wise means choosing activities increases your happiness. Be kind to the people around.
11 Research has shown that happiness is good for people’s health. The happy people seldom get sick. The happier people will live longer and serve more to the communities where they live.
12 Lots of scientific research shows we can improve our happiness if we use the right ways, such as trying a new sport, setting a new goal, telling a friend something you like about them and so on.
13 No one feels happy all the time. Everybody may feel angry, nervous or sad from time to time. If you feel upset for a long time, you should talk to an adult you trust or share your feelings with your best friends.
A．How to make yourself happy
B．The meaning of happiness
C．The advantages of happiness
D．How to deal with unhappiness
E．The date of International Day of Happiness
F．The goal for International Day of Happiness
【答案】9．E 10．F 11．C 12．A 13．D
【导语】本文主要围绕“幸福”这一话题进行展开。
9．根据“Every year since 2013, the world has celebrated International Day of Happiness.”可知，自2013年以来，全世界每年都庆祝国际幸福日。此处提到国际幸福日，选项E“今天是国际幸福日”符合语境，故选E。
10．根据“This year, the goal for International Day of Happiness is ‘keep calm, stay wise and be kind’.”可知，今年，国际幸福日的目标是“保持冷静，保持智慧，保持善良”。此处介绍今年国际幸福日的目标，选项F“这是国际幸福日的目标”符合语境，故选F。
11．根据“Research has shown that happiness is good for people’s health.”可知，研究表明，幸福对人的健康有益。此处介绍幸福的好处，选项C“幸福的好处”符合语境，故选C。
12．根据“Lots of scientific research shows we can improve our happiness if we use the right ways, such as trying a new sport, setting a new goal, telling a friend something you like about them and so on.”可知，许多科学研究表明，如果我们使用正确的方法，比如尝试一项新的运动，设定一个新的目标，告诉朋友你喜欢他们的一些事情等等，我们可以提高我们的幸福感。此处介绍让自己幸福的方法，选项A“如何让自己幸福”符合语境，故选A。
13．根据“No one feels happy all the time. Everybody may feel angry, nervous or sad from time to time. If you feel upset for a long time, you should talk to an adult you trust or share your feelings with your best friends.”可知，没有人会一直感到快乐。每个人都会时不时地感到愤怒、紧张或悲伤。如果你长时间感到不安，你应该和你信任的成年人谈谈，或者和你最好的朋友分享你的感受。此处介绍如果不幸福时，应该怎么做。选项D“如何处理不幸福”符合语境，故选D。
（2024·山东烟台·中考真题）Everyone knows some teachers who whole-heartedly help their students learn and grow. This year, Teacher Appreciation (感谢) Week starts from May 6. To celebrate it, we asked some kids to make cards to thank the teachers who inspired them greatly. Let’s enjoy some of their works and think about which teacher inspires you.
14．How did students celebrate this year’s Teacher Appreciation Week
A．By writing thank-you cards. B．By helping their teachers.
C．By sending teachers presents. D．By telephoning their teachers.
15．What problem did Harper probably have in the past
A．He was afraid of speaking in class. B．He had difficulty in reading and writing.
C．He didn’t get along well with his parents. D．He was too shy to communicate with others.
16．What do Mrs. Elizabeth White and Mrs. Taylor have in common
A．They are strict. B．They are humorous.
C．They are energetic. D．They are encouraging.
【答案】14．A 15．C 16．D
【导语】本文主要展示几个学生在教师感恩周为感谢老师所做的卡片。
14．细节理解题。根据“To celebrate it, we asked some kids to make cards to thank the teachers who inspired them greatly”可知，今年学生们制作一些卡片来感谢老师，故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据“You have helped me to clear the way to communicate with my parents”可推断，Harper在过去与父母沟通可能有问题，故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据“Thank you! Mrs. Elizabeth White”“For your continuous guidance and encouragement throughout the school year”以及“Thank you! Mrs. Taylor”“You always believe in me and encourage me to follow my passions and dreams”可知，这两位老师的共同之处就是他们很鼓舞人心，故选D。
（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）
Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. “A Farewell (告别) Song” is about saying goodbye to a friend. It is a famous poem by Wang Wei, a great poet, who lived in Tang Dynasty. He is good at writing poems and drawing. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. His poems are full of beauty and imagination.
“No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain”, “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green”, a picture of silence and peace gets into our eyes. After a morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. The hotel looks green. The willows look fresh. Everything is nice, gentle and silent. Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends.
“I invite you to drink a cup of wine again” is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend. Having another drink together is like a symbol of their goodbye. Lastly, “West of the sunny pass no more friends will be seen” shows the feeling of being alone and missing someone. It also shows his sincere love and care for his friend.
“A Farewell Song” creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye.
17．Who is the writer of this poem
A．李白 B．王维 C．杜甫
18．When did Wang Wei’s friend leave in the poem
A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn.
19．What is considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China
A．A morning rain. B．A hotel. C．A willow branch.
20．Which of the following rhymes (押韵) are RIGHT for this poem
A．aa-bb. B．ab-ab. C．ab-cd.
21．What does Wang Wei want to show in this poem
A．To show his excitement after seeing his old friend.
B．To show his joy before separating from his friend.
C．To show a feeling of quiet sadness before farewell.
【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．C
【导语】本文是鉴赏王维《送元二使安西》这首诗。
17．细节理解题。根据“It is a famous poem by Wang Wei”可知，这是王维写的诗，故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“After a morning rain in spring…Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends”可知，朋友是在春天离开，故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China.”可知，柳枝在中国被认为是告别的典型象征，故选C。
20．推理判断题。根据整首诗的特点可知，这是ab-ab韵，故选B。
21．推理判断题。根据“is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend”以及“creates a feeling of quiet sadness”可知，想表达的是在告别前的一种悲伤，故选C。
（2024·江苏徐州·三模）阅读短文，从短文后A至F六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How was your sleep last night World Sleep Day fell on March 21 this year. How can we have healthy sleep Take a look at these two tips.
◆Waking up naturally
22 Studies showed that when you get “shocked” by the alarm, your breathing will go up from 16 to 24 breaths per minute. Your heart will have 10 more beats every minute. Your blood pressure will rise.
“This is a very unhappy way to start the day,” sleep scientist Whitney Roman told the online magazine Bustle. 23 “This will mess up your body’s natural sleep-wake cycle,” said Roman.
So, what should we do 24 Or leave part of the curtains (窗帘) open—the rising sun will wake you up.
◆Sleep early, get up early
Some young people may go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 am to 10 am. 25
But in fact, our bodies can tell time. They use light and temperature to do so. If we wake up too late, our bodies might feel stuck between sleep and being awake. 26
A．They think as long as they have 8 hours of sleep, everything will be fine.
B．Waking up to a ringing alarm is never fun.
C．Good sleep can make you energetic in the daytime.
D．You’ll feel worse if you fallback to get a few more minutes of sleep.
E．That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping.
F．Try to choose an alarm with softer and lower sounds.
【答案】22．B 23．D 24．F 25．A 26．E
【导语】本文就如何拥有健康的睡眠给出了一些建议。
22．根据“This is a very unhappy way to start the day”可知，被闹钟吵醒并不好。B选项“被闹钟吵醒绝对不是一件愉快的事”符合题意。故选B。
23．根据“This will mess up your body’s natural sleep-wake cycle”可知，被闹钟吵醒会扰乱身体的自然睡眠周期。D选项“如果你再睡几分钟，你会感觉更糟”符合题意。故选D。
24．根据“Or leave part of the curtains (窗帘) open—the rising sun will wake you up.”可知，应选择柔和的方式让自己苏醒。F选项“尽量选择声音较柔和、较低的闹钟”符合题意。故选F。
25．根据“Some young people may go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 am to 10 am.”可知，一些人有不好的睡眠习惯。A选项“他们认为只要睡8个小时，一切都会好起来”符合题意。故选A。
26．根据“If we wake up too late, our bodies might feel stuck between sleep and being awake.”可知，如果我们起床太晚，我们的身体可能会感觉处于睡眠和清醒之间。E选项“这就是为什么有时我们睡过头后会感觉更累”符合题意。故选E。
（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Naps (小睡) don’t just feel amazing — they are amazing. A study published in the magazine Heart found a relationship between healthy napping and a lowered risk of heart disease. The American Psychological Association points out that naps can improve memory, learning ability, immune system function (免疫功能) and mood. Sara Mednick, the writer of The Power of the Downstate, explains that when you fall asleep, your body moves through stages that each play a role in health.
Stage 1: the “dozing off” (打瞌睡) period
Stage 2: heart rate (率) and brain activity slow down
Stage 3: deep sleep
Stage 4: REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, when brain activity increases and you’re most likely to dream.
Ideal napping times are based around this four-stage cycle.
The 20-minute nap
Between 20 and 30 minutes is one napping sweet spot, according to Mednick, who explains that you get enough Stage 2 sleep to turn your body and mind into full relaxation mode, good for memory.
The 60-minute nap
Stage 3 sleep is a time for your body to repair itself, strengthen the immune system and recharge energy stores. But waking up during this stage can make you feel weak or rather ill, Mednick says. Most people start to move out of Stage 3 after around 60 minutes, which makes it a good time to set your alarm clock.
The 90-minute nap
A complete sleep cycle is about an hour and a half, and napping for a full cycle is of great help. But naps longer than 90 minutes can influence nighttime sleep and might even lead to a bad memory, according to a study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. Not a regular napper That’s OK. “Everyone needs to rest, but not everyone necessarily needs to nap, ” says Mednick.
27．What can a healthy napping improve
A．Mood. B．Skills. C．Sports ability. D．Nighttime sleep.
28．What can we learn from the passage
A．People will not have a dream until Stage 3.
B．People who nap too long may be forgetful.
C．People can get enough Stage 2 sleep in 5 minutes.
D．People who nap healthily won’t have heart diseases.
29．If you have a speech at 1:00 p. m., which kind of nap will be the best choice at noon
A．A 10-minute nap. B．A 30-minute nap. C．A 60-minute nap. D．A 90-minute nap.
【答案】27．A 28．B 29．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了小睡的好处以及小睡的几个阶段。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“The American Psychological Association points out that naps can improve memory, learning ability, immune system function (免疫功能) and mood.”可知小睡能提高记忆力，学习能力，免疫系统功能和情绪，故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据“Stage 4: REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, when brain activity increases and you’re most likely to dream.”可知第四阶段才会做梦，故A选项错误。根据“Between 20 and 30 minutes is one napping sweet spot, according to Mednick, who explains that you get enough Stage 2 sleep to turn your body and mind into full relaxation mode, good for memory”可知20-30分钟才能保持充足第二阶段睡眠，故C选项错误。根据“A study published in the magazine Heart found a relationship between healthy napping and a lowered risk of heart diseasep”可知健康小睡和降低患心脏病的风险有关，而不是健康小睡就不会得心脏病，表达过于绝对，故选项D错误。根据“But naps longer than 90 minutes can influence nighttime sleep and might even lead to a bad memory...”可知小睡太久会导致记忆力下降，故B选项正确。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“Between 20 and 30 minutes is one napping sweet spot, according to Mednick, who explains that you get enough Stage 2 sleep to turn your body and mind into full relaxation mode, good for memory.”可知20-30分钟可以让身心完全放松，且记忆力好。故选B。
（2024·吉林松原·三模）For years I have noticed that one common characteristic (特征) that successful people have is curiosity (好奇心). Why is curiosity important Because it provides you with a fresh perspective (视角) and fresh ideas, and curious people can see things that many other people can’t. So how can you develop curiosity 30
Expect things to be fun. Instead of expecting things to be boring, expect them to be fun. 31 Once you do it, it will be much easier for you to find the fun side of almost everything. And also, more doors of chances will be open for you.
Always have questions in your mind. Whenever you deal with a topic, have questions in your mind. Find the answers and ask new questions. 32 They can change your learning process from being boring to being interesting.
Take on a new challenge. By taking on a new challenge, you will want to prove to yourself (or perhaps to others) that you can make it. One good way to do that is to create a competition with your friends to find out who can do something faster or better.
Connect new things with what you've already known. Things will be more exciting if you can connect what you’re learning with what you’ve already known. Why 33
Add variety (多样性) to your life. Find new possibilities by stepping into new topics. 34 Meet people from all walks of life.
All the advice above can be summarized (概括) in just one phrase “make things fun”.
根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。
A．Read books in new fields.
B．Here are some tips that you can follow.
C．Curiosity is part of the children’s nature.
D．This small change in your thinking can make a big difference.
E．Questions keep your mind busy.
F．Because that improves your understanding of the world and allows you to see new things that you haven’t noticed before.
【答案】30．B 31．D 32．E 33．F 34．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何培养好奇心。
30．根据“So how can you develop curiosity ”以及下文“Expect things to be fun.”可知，提出如何培养好奇心这一话题并告知了一些方法，故空处提到方法。选项B“以下是一些您可以遵循的提示。”与之相符。故选B。
31．根据“Instead of expecting things to be boring, expect them to be fun”以及“Once you do it, it will be much easier for you to find the fun side of almost everything.”可知，描述了需要改变想法，期望有趣的事。选项D“思维上的这个小变化可以带来很大的不同。”与之相符。故选D。
32．根据“Find the answers and ask new questions.”可知，保持有疑问并解决疑问的想法。故空处与保持有疑问相关。选项E“问题让你的大脑保持忙碌。”与之相符。故选E。
33．根据“Things will be more exciting if you can connect what you’re learning with what you’ve already known. Why ”可知，询问为何将正在学习的知识与已经知道的知识联系起来会让人兴奋的原因。故空处会告知原因。选项F“因为这可以提高你对世界的理解，让你看到以前没有注意到的新事物。”与之相符。故选F。
34．根据“Add variety ( 多样性) to your life. Find new possibilities by stepping into new topics.”可知，提出了生活要增添多样性。故空处与多样性相关。选项A“阅读新领域的书籍。”与之相符。故选A。
（2024·宁夏吴忠·二模）Dear Mum,
Today is my birthday and it is the first birthday I have spent far away from home. I miss you very much.
A few days ago, we learned a poem and discussed the famous line “You don’t know what you’ve got until its gone.” Miss Li told us that her primary school teacher made a huge difference in her life. She told us how her teacher encouraged her. But she mentioned that she didn’t have a chance to tell her. She was sad about this. This made me think a lot, especially when I’m thousands of kilometres away from home. I am writing you this letter because I want you to know how much I love you.
A friend once said that a person’s happiness was mostly because of their childhood. I agree with her. I still remember the times when you held my hand and counted steps with me as we walked along. You told me stories about the brave elephant and encouraged me to be a confident girl. I also remember that in our small flat, you read books at your desk and I played with my toys on the bed nearby. In cool autumns, we took many walks along the street, chatting and laughing together. My childhood was filled with these warm memories. Now, I see what an influence you’ve had on my life.
Time flies and so much has happened. There have been good times and bad times, successes and failures, but you were always by my side. When I won the swimming prize, you smiled and said you were proud of me. When I failed my maths exam, you encouraged me and said that everything would be fine. Your words encouraged me to deal with all my difficulties. Now when I have problems, I always think of your words and they help me so much. You have always said that we should judge people’s success by how they live their lives every day. Now I think I am living a successful life and it’s because of you. I think I should say “Thank you, Mum.”
Love,
Feifei
35．What does the underlined word “her” refer to
A．Miss Li. B．Eeifei.
C．Miss Li’s teacher. D．Feife’s mum.
36．In Paragraph 3 in the body of the letter, Feifei describes her mum’s influence on her life by ________.
A．expressing opinions B．providing examples
C．telling stories D．using sayings
37．Why does Feifei write the letter
A．To express why she thanks her mother.
B．To tell how she is living at present.
C．To recall her mother’s achievements.
D．To show her happy childhood.
38．What can we infer from the last paragraph of the letter
A．Feifei faces many difficulties. B．Feifei depends on her mother.
C．Feifei is on the way to success. D．Feifei is living a successful life.
【答案】35．C 36．B 37．A 38．D
【导语】本文是作者写给母亲的一封信，表达对母亲的思念之情和感激之情。
35．词义猜测题。根据“She told us how her teacher encouraged her. But she mentioned that she didn’t have a chance to tell her.”可知，李老师告诉我们她的老师是如何鼓励她的，但她提到她没有机会告诉她。因此her指代的是“李老师的老师”。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据“I still remember the times when you held my hand and counted steps with me as we walked along. You told me stories about the brave elephant and encouraged me to be a confident girl. ... chatting and laughing together.”可知，作者是通过提供实例来说明妈妈对她生活的影响的。故选B。
37．主旨大意题。根据“Now I think I should say ‘Thank you, Mum.’”及全文可知，作者写这封信是为了表达对母亲的感激之情。故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据“Now I think I am living a successful life and it’s because of you.”可知她现在过着成功的生活。故选D。
（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）
“Pure love, only for China.” When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World read out the words in a lost phone to find its owner, people all cheered for these 39 words on the wallpaper (屏保) of the phone. These words were written by Chen Xiangrong who lost his life for the safety of our country. The 40 of the lost phone is a student from Heilongjiang University. Her family name is Xie.
Xie knew Chen Xiangrong when she 41 in a high school. One day, she learned about Chen’s story from a newspaper and was deeply moved. Since then, Xie has regarded Chen as 42 and hoped one day she could also serve our country like him. She has kept Chen’s words “Pure love, only for China” in 43 phone together with a Chinese national flag as an inspiration.
To her surprise, the wallpaper 44 on the Internet suddenly. Even many people asked for the wallpaper. “I am very 45 that many young people hold the same dream as me. We all have a feeling of responsibility and big 46 ,” Xie said. “I believe that through our hard work, our country will be stronger and stronger! We will 47 to create a better future for our country!”
We Chinese people are confident, ambitious and responsible. “Pure love, only for China.” 48 these words are simple, they show our strong respect, love and loyalty to our country.
39．A．funny B．touching C．scary
40．A．owner B．wallpaper C．picture
41．A．taught B．played C．studied
42．A．a host B．a student C．an example
43．A．his B．her C．our
44．A．was broken B．got lost C．became popular
45．A．excited B．bored C．sorry
46．A．phones B．dreams C．problems
47．A．try our best B．feel free C．write words
48．A．So B．Although C．Unless
【答案】
39．B 40．A 41．C 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．A 48．B
【导语】本文介绍了一位女孩的手机屏保“清澈的爱，只为中国”在网络上走红。这句话是英雄陈祥榕的战斗口号，这句话代表了中国人对祖国的尊重、爱和忠诚。
39．句意：当哈尔滨冰雪大世界的主持人读出一部丢失的手机中的文字以寻找失主时，人们都为手机屏保上这些感人的文字欢呼。
funny有趣的；touching感人的；scary恐怖的。根据“Pure love, only for China”可知，“清澈的爱，只为中国”是一句感人的话。故选B。
40．句意：丢失手机的主人是黑龙江大学的一名学生。
owner主人；wallpaper屏保；picture照片。根据“The…of the lost phone is a student from Heilongjiang University.”可知，手机失主是一位来自黑龙江大学的学生。故选A。
41．句意：谢在高中时就知道了陈祥榕。
taught教；played玩；studied学习。根据“a student from Heilongjiang University”及“when she…in a high school”可知，谢是一位学生，她在高中学习时就知晓了陈祥榕的事迹。故选C。
42．句意：从那时起，谢就以陈为榜样，希望有一天她也能像他一样为国效力。
a host一个东道主；a student一个学生；an example一个榜样。根据“Since then, Xie has regarded Chen as…and hoped one day she could also serve our country like him.”可知，谢将陈祥榕视为榜样，希望能够像他一样为祖国服务。故选C。
43．句意：她把陈的“清澈的爱，只为中国”和一面中国国旗放在手机里作为灵感。
his他的；her她的；our我们的。根据“She has kept Chen’s words ‘Pure love, only for China’ in…phone”可知，谢把这句话放在她自己的手机里。谢是女性，用物主代词her。故选B。
44．句意：令她惊讶的是，屏保突然在网上走红。
was broken破碎的；got lost丢失；became popular变得受欢迎。根据“Even many people asked for the wallpaper.”可知，“清澈的爱，只为中国”在网上变得受欢迎，很多人都想要这个屏保。故选C。
45．句意：很多年轻人和我有着同样的梦想，我感到非常兴奋。
excited兴奋的；bored无聊的；sorry对不起的。根据“I am very…that many young people hold the same dream as me.”可知，谢知道很多年轻人和自己怀揣同样的梦想，她是感到兴奋的。故选A。
46．句意：我们都有责任感和远大的梦想。
phones手机；dreams梦想；problems问题。根据“We all have a feeling of responsibility and big…”可知，谢和很多年轻人都有责任感和远大梦想。故选B。
47．句意：我们会尽最大努力为我们的国家创造更美好的未来！
try our best尽我们最大努力；feel free请随意；write words写字。根据“We will…to create a better future for our country!”可知，以谢为代表的人们会尽最大努力为祖国创造美好未来。故选A。
48．句意：虽然这句话很简单，但它们表明了我们对国家的强烈尊重、爱和忠诚。
So因此；Although尽管；Unless除非。根据“…these words are simple, they show our strong respect, love and loyalty to our country.”可知，虽然这句话很简单，但是蕴含着中国人对祖国的爱，although引导让步状语从句。故选B。
（2024·新疆·中考真题）My daughter Linda is kind. She always writes love notes as gifts to warm 49 .
Her brother Stephen 50 a basketball game. She wrote a note to tell him he was the best player in the world 51 he didn’t win the game. After work, I often got her thank-you note with 52 face for my efforts.
We were used to receiving Linda’s love notes and always put them up on the fridge. But one day I 53 found there was no one for Linda. At that time, my eyes filled 54 tears (眼泪). My husband asked me 55 was wrong. I pointed at the notes on the fridge. Though I said 56 , he knew exactly what I was trying to tell him.
Weeks 57 I could see the notes for Linda on the fridge. In return, she wrote more notes to show her love.
Linda has 58 . She has her own family and children. But some things about her have 59 changed.
One afternoon, I got another love note 60 her. “Thanks for always being there for me, Mom. I am 61 to have you as family. “It reminded me of all her love 62 . They are the warmest 63 in the world.
49．A．others B．herself C．him
50．A．got B．lost C．won
51．A．although B．or C．and
52．A．crying B．sleeping C．smiling
53．A．politely B．suddenly C．deeply
54．A．to B．of C．with
55．A．what B．which C．who
56．A．everything B．nothing C．something
57．A．later B．before C．ago
58．A．made up B．given up C．grown up
59．A．always B．never C．often
60．A．at B．in C．from
61．A．happy B．unhappy C．lonely
62．A．books B．notes C．lessons
63．A．gifts B．fridges C．games
【答案】
49．A 50．B 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．C 55．A 56．B 57．A 58．C 59．B 60．C 61．A 62．B 63．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的女儿琳达以写爱心便条的方式表达对家人的爱和支持。她不仅在哥哥输球后鼓励他，还经常给父母留下感谢的便条。尽管琳达已经长大并有了自己的家庭，但她依然保持着这个温馨的传统。一天，作者发现冰箱上没有新的便条时感到难过，但后来琳达又开始继续写便条，最近的一张便条表达了对母亲的感激之情，让作者感受到了持续不断的爱和温暖。
49．句意：她总是写爱心便条作为礼物来温暖别人。
others其他的人或物；herself她自己；him他。根据“My daughter Linda is kind.”可知，琳达总是写便条温暖其他人。故选A。
50．句意：她哥哥斯蒂芬输了一场篮球赛。
got得到；lost失去；won赢。根据“he didn’t win the game”可知，哥哥输了一场篮球赛。故选B。
51．句意：她写了一张纸条告诉他，虽然他没有赢得比赛，但他是世界上最好的选手。
although虽然；or或者；and和。“he was the best player in the world”与“he didn’t win the game”是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。
52．句意：下班后，我经常收到她带着微笑的感谢便条，感谢我的努力。
crying哭泣；sleeping睡觉；smiling微笑。根据“thank-you note with … face for my efforts”可知，便条带着笑脸。故选C。
53．句意：但是有一天我突然发现没有给琳达的。
politely有礼貌地；suddenly突然；deeply深深地。根据上文“We were used to receiving Linda’s love notes and always put them up on the fridge”可知，突然有一天我发现这件事。故选B。
54．句意：那时，我的眼睛充满了泪水。
to到；of属于；with带有。根据“be filled with（充满了）”可知，空处使用介词with。故选C。
55．句意：我丈夫问我发生了什么。
what什么；which哪个；who谁。根据“what’s wrong？（发生了什么？）”可知，空处使用代词what。故选A。
56．句意：虽然我什么也没说，但他清楚地知道我想告诉他什么。
everything每件事；nothing没有事；something某事。根据“he knew exactly what I was trying to tell him.”可知，作者对丈夫什么都没说。故选B。
57．句意：几周后，我在冰箱上看到了给琳达的便条。
later后来；before在……以前；ago以前。根据“But one day I … found there was no one for Linda”可知，几周后作者又看到了给琳达的便条。故选A。
58．句意：琳达已经长大了。她有自己的家庭和孩子。
made up编造；given up放弃；grown up长大。根据“She has her own family and children.”可知，琳达已经长大了。故选C。
59．句意：但是关于她的一些事情从未改变。
always总是；never从不；often经常。根据“One afternoon, I got another love note…her”可知，一些事情从来没有改变。故选B。
60．句意：一天下午，我又收到了她的一张爱心便条。
at在；in在……里；from从。根据空前“I got another love note”可知，作者从女儿琳达那里收到了便条。故选C。
61．句意：我很高兴有你这样的家人。
happy高兴的；unhappy不高兴的；lonely孤单的。根据“Thanks for always being there for me”可知，琳达很高兴有妈妈这样的家人。故选A。
62．句意：这让我想起了她所有的爱心便条。
books书；notes便条；lessons课程。根据“One afternoon, I got another love note…her”可知，作者想起了女儿琳达所有的爱心便条。故选B。
63．句意：它们是世界上最温暖的礼物。
gifts礼物；fridges冰箱；games游戏。根据第一段“She always writes love notes as gifts to warm”可知，作者认为这些爱心便条是最温暖的礼物。故选A。
（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）In my memory, my father was always cold to me. When I was young, I had to take the bus home. Though the bus stop was two miles away from home, he never 64 me there. So I often went home on my own, even in bad weather. If I complained (抱怨), he always said in a 65 voice, “That’s what your legs are for!”
In fact, I was afraid to walk 66 in the dark because it was dangerous. And I thought my father never worried about my 67 . But that feeling changed on a spring evening.
That evening, when the bus arrived at the stop, I 68 the bus to walk home. There was a row of bush (矮树丛) along the way. Suddenly, I saw something 69 moving along the top of the bush towards my house. When I came closer, I realized it was my father’s 70 . Then I knew, each time I came home, he would stand behind the bush, 71 , until he knew I arrived safely. At that time, I knew he 72 for me secretly.
Later, that spot (地点) of grey was my watch tower. I never told my father I knew his 73 . But I never complained about his coldness again. Love is always there, whether we see it or not.
64．A．met B．hugged C．noticed
65．A．soft B．loud C．sweet
66．A．fast B．alone C．ahead
67．A．health B．safety C．happiness
68．A．got off B．waited for C．looked around
69．A．grey B．white C．black
70．A．neck B．foot C．head
71．A．waving B．playing C．watching
72．A．cared B．looked C．worked
73．A．choice B．secret C．opinion
【答案】
64．A 65．B 66．B 67．B 68．A 69．A 70．C 71．C 72．A 73．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和父亲之间的一个故事。在小时候作者认为父亲对自己很苛刻，直到有一天他发现了父亲一直在背后偷偷地关注着自己的安全，才明白了父亲一直都很关心自己，从而改变了对父亲的看法。
64．句意：虽然公共汽车站离家有两英里，但他从来没有在那里与我相遇。
met会面；hugged拥抱；noticed注意到。根据“So I often went home on my own”可知，作者都是独自回家，父亲从来不在车站与作者相遇，故选A。
65．句意：如果我抱怨，他总是大声说。
soft柔软的；loud大声的；sweet甜美的。根据“That’s what your legs are for”可知，父亲用严厉的口吻说话，故选B。
66．句意：事实上，我害怕在黑暗中独自行走，因为这很危险。
fast快速；alone独自；ahead在前面。根据“walk … in the dark because it was dangerous”可知，害怕在黑暗独自行走，故选B。
67．句意：我还以为我父亲从不担心我的安全。
health健康；safety安全；happiness开心。根据“I was afraid to walk … in the dark because it was dangerous”及“And I thought my father never worried about my”可知，作者认为父亲从来不会担心自己的安全，故选B。
68．句意：那天晚上，当公共汽车到达车站时，我下了公共汽车走回家。
got off下车；waited for等待；looked around到处浏览。根据“the bus to walk home”可知，下车走路回家，故选A。
69．句意：突然，我看到一个灰色的东西沿着灌木丛的顶端向我的房子移动。
grey灰色；white白色；black黑色。根据“Later, that spot (地点) of grey was my watch tower”可知，看到了一个灰色东西，故选A。
70．句意：当我走近时，我意识到那是我父亲的头。
neck脖子；foot脚；head头。根据“Then I knew, each time I came home, he would stand behind the bush”可知，父亲站在矮树丛的后面，作者看到的就是父亲的头，故选C。
71．句意：然后我知道，每次我回家，他都会站在灌木丛后面，看着，直到他知道我安全到家。
waving挥手；playing玩；watching观看。根据“until he knew I arrived safely”可知，看着作者安全到家，故选C。
72．句意：在那个时候，我知道他在偷偷地关心我。
cared关心；looked看；worked工作。根据“Then I knew, each time I came home, he would stand behind the bush,…, until he knew I arrived safely.”可知，作者明白父亲是关心自己的，故选A。
73．句意：我从没告诉过父亲我知道他的秘密。
choice选择；secret秘密；opinion观点。根据前文描述可知，父亲是悄悄地躲在矮树丛后面，看着作者安全到家，所以这应是父亲的秘密，故选B。
（2024·安徽·中考真题）My family has always had family dinners, as far as I can remember. Since I was a little boy, my mother has insisted (坚持) that we attend family dinners at least once a week. Every Sunday, my mother would prepare a lot of food and bring it to my grandma’s house. We would wait for more family members to come before eating together at the table, my grandma’s dinner table.
I used to feel that was a silly little tradition. But now I find it’s fantastic to get together as a family to talk about anything and everything after a long week of school and work. Every time I sit at the dinner table, my grandma’s dinner table, I look around and find so many people who truly love me. It’s a love that feels so good. For me, dinner is not just a meal, but a chance to reconnect with each other.
I finally realize the true meaning of this tradition. It’s not about the dinners or activities. It’s about family, a group of people who care about each other. All the memories (记忆) around my grandma’s dinner table will last forever.
Now, I’m always expecting Sunday to arrive.
74．How often do the writer’s family members get together for dinner （不超过5个词）
75．What does dinner mean to the writer （不超过10个词）
76．Why is “my grandma’s dinner table” mentioned several times in the text （不超过10个词）
【答案】74．At least once a week./Every Sunday. 75．It is a chance to reconnect with each other. 76．Because it is the place full of family love.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一家的家庭聚餐传统。每周至少一次的家庭聚餐代表了家人之间的关爱。
74．根据“Since I was a little boy, my mother has insisted (坚持) that we attend family dinners at least once a week. Every Sunday, my mother would prepare a lot of food and bring it to my grandma’s house.”可知，作者一家每周至少一次/每个星期天家庭聚餐。故填At least once a week./Every Sunday.
75．根据“For me, dinner is not just a meal, but a chance to reconnect with each other.”可知，对作者来说，家庭聚餐是一个与家人互相重新建立联系的机会。故填It is a chance to reconnect with each other.
76．通读全文可知，文章多次提到“祖母的餐桌”，是因为家人们每周至少一次的家庭聚餐就是在祖母家，在祖母家的餐桌上，这是一个承载着家人们关爱的地方。故填Because it is the place full of family love.
（2024·湖北咸宁·二模）阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
bright find fresh full get life quiet support thank warm
In November, we had a unique (独特的) class meeting. Our teacher took us out of the classroom and into the 77 playground. The aim was to help us write Thanksgiving cards by 78 closer to nature.
The sun was shining 79 as we all got together on the playground. The soft wind carried the sweet smell of 80 grass and flowers. We were then given blank (空白的) cards and asked to write Thanksgiving messages to anyone for whom we felt 81 . Our teacher wanted us to feel the beauty of nature and show our thanks to the people who make our 82 beautiful.
As I sat there, I realized how much I had in my life to be thankful for. I wrote cards to my parents, friends, and my teachers to thank them for their love and 83 . Later, I sent the cards to the people I thanked. The smiles on their faces were like warm sunshine. I also got two cards from my best friends. My heart is 84 of happiness. This class activity taught me a lesson—to 85 beauty in the ordinary (平凡) and to be thankful for it. Life is not just about achieving big dreams, but also about holding the small moments that fill our days with joy and 86 . We should always appreciate the people who enrich (使……丰富) our lives in different ways.
【答案】
77．quiet 78．getting 79．brightly 80．fresh 81．thankful 82．lives 83．support 84．full 85．find 86．warmth
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的老师带领他们到户外上的特殊的一堂课，让他们享受大自然，并心存感激。
77．句意：老师把我们带出教室，来到安静的操场上。根据“took us out of the classroom and into the...playground”及备选词可知，此处是指安静的操场，quiet“安静的”，形容词作定语修饰名词playground，故填quiet。
78．句意：目的是通过亲近自然来帮助我们写感恩节贺卡。根据“...closer to nature”及备选词可知，是指亲近自然，get close to“接近，亲近”，介词by后跟动名词形式，故填getting。
79．句意：当我们都聚集在操场上时，阳光明媚。根据“The sun was shining...”及备选词可知，是指阳光明媚，应用副词brightly“明亮地”，修饰动词shine，故填brightly。
80．句意：柔和的风带着青草和鲜花的芬芳。根据“the sweet smell of...grass and flowers”及备选词可知，是指青草和鲜花的香气，fresh“新鲜的”，形容词作定语修饰名词grass和flowers，故填fresh。
81．句意：然后给我们一张空白卡片，让我们给任何我们感激的人写感恩节贺词。根据“Thanksgiving messages to anyone for whom we felt...”及备选词可知，感恩节贺词是写给我们觉得很感激的人，thankful“感激的”，形容词作表语，故填thankful。
82．句意：我们的老师想让我们感受大自然的美丽，并向那些使我们的生活变得美丽的人表示感谢。根据“the people who make our...beautiful”及备选词可知，是指使我们的生活变得美丽的人，life“生活”，此处our修饰名词复数形式，故填lives。
83．句意：我给父母、朋友和老师写了卡片，感谢他们的爱和支持。根据“thank them for their love and...”及备选词可知，是指他们的爱和支持，support“支持”，不可数名词，故填support。
84．句意：我的心充满了幸福。根据“My heart is...of happiness.”及备选词可知，作者的心充满幸福，be full of“充满”，固定短语，故填full。
85．句意：这次课堂活动给我上了一课——在平凡中发现美，并为此感恩。根据“to...beauty in the ordinary”及备选词可知，是发现平凡生活中的美，find“发现”，不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填find。
86．句意：生活不仅仅是实现伟大的梦想，还包括把握住那些让我们的生活充满快乐和温暖的小时刻。根据“holding the small moments that fill our days with joy and...”及备选词可知，是指把握住让我们的生活充满快乐和温暖的小时刻，warm“温暖的”，形容词；此处应用名词warmth与joy并列，故填warmth。
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