名词
知识点梳理
考点一 可数名词复数的变化规则
规则变化：1. 一般直接加s (desks, maps, pencils, teachers)
2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es (buses, boxes, watches , dishes)
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,先改y为i, 再加es (family --- families study --- studies)
4. 以o结尾的名词, 只有5个加es(negro, hero, tomato, potato, mango), 其余加s
5. 以f或fe结尾的单词将f或fe改成v再加es (knife 小刀---knives)
不规则变化：1. man --- men (男人) woman --- women (女人)
policeman -- policemen (男警察) policewoman --- policewomen (女警察)
2. goose ------ geese(鹅) foot --- feet (脚) tooth----- teeth (牙)
3. louse --- lice (虱子) mouse ---mice (老鼠)
4. fish---- fish sheep --- sheep (羊) deer ---- deer (鹿)
5. child --- children (小孩)
记忆口诀：男人女人a变 e; 鹅足牙oo变ee;
孩子后面加个ren; 老鼠虱子ous变ic;
鱼鹿绵羊不用变
注意事项：1. Stomach的复数形式直接+ s;
2. German表示德国人时，复数形式直接+ s;
3. mouse需要考虑2种情况，当mouse表示老鼠时，复数mice; 当mouse表示鼠标时，复数mouses
4. 哪国人的变化形式：Chinese; Japanese; English复数和单数一个American; German后面直接加s
考点二 复合名词单数变复数
1. 当复合名词中有man和woman这两个单词；变为复数时；前后两单词都需要变为复数
man doctor --- men doctors woman nurse --- women nurses
2. 当复合名词中没有man和woman这两个单词；变为复数时；只需要将后面的单词变为复数
boy student ---- boy students girl student -- girl students
考点三 不可数名词计量表示方法
1. 用some, much, a little, a lot of, a bit of, plenty of 表示多少；
2. 用单位词表示。如：
a cup of... 一杯……
a piece of... 一张……
a pair of... 一双(对)……
3. 不可数名词量的复数表达形式
数词 + 量词复数 of 不可数名词 Eg: 3 pieces of bread
考点四 名词所有格
1. 表示有生命的东西名次末尾加’s
A. 以-es; 或者-s结尾的名词复数在末尾加“s’”Eg: Teachers’s Day
B. 表示共同所有的内容，在最后名词末尾加’s Eg: Joan and Jim’s room
C. 表示各自所有的内容，在两名词的末尾各加’s Eg: Joan’s and Jim’s rooms
2. of 所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中 Eg: a map of world
3. 两名词中间加上连子符号，也表示 …..的; 而且名词为单数； Eg: five --- minute walk; ten--- day holiday
4. a + 名词 of + 名词所有格或者名词形物主代词，这种表达方式称为双重所有格。
Eg: a friend of Jim’s /mine
注意事项：1. 表店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加’s代表全称。
Eg: at the butcher’s.表示在肉店。
2. 有关时间；距离；长度的名词所有格，一律用’s
Eg: five minutes’ walk
基础题巩固练习
一、将下列汉语译成英语
1. 杰克和吉姆的卧室 2. 一杯茶
3. 三名男司机 4. 两条裤子
5. 六个美国人 6.一阵强风
7. 教师节 8. 儿童节
9. 我的一个朋友 10. 一个五岁的男孩
二、将下列名词变为复数形式
1. English 9. potato 17. stomach
2. German 10. tomato 18. bus
3. American 11. watch 19. fox
4. Chinese 12. fish 20. boy
5. leaf 13. sheep 21. family
6. wolf 14. tooth 22. toy
7. shelf 15. man 23. library
8. hero 16. snowman 24. student
三、根据句意，用括号中所给名词的适当形式填空
1. I’d like two cups of _______________ (milk) for my twin sister.
2. There are few_______________ (vegetable) in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some carrots and cabbages.
3. Bill said they would have two _______________ (month) holiday.
4. We’d like to go for a walk in the_______________ (wood).
5. The baby has only two _______________ (tooth) although he is 2 years old.
6. Look! A lion is running after a group of_______________ (deer).
7. The girl in a red skirt is a friend of my _______________ (sister).
8. Could you please give me some French_______________ (fry)
9. How many_______________ (knife) does Mary have
10. The soldier, Wang Wei, is one of the_______________ (hero) in the big Zhouqu debris flow (泥石流) disaster.
11. There are a lot of __________________ (leaf) on the tree.
12. Uncle Li brought two__________________ (watch) yesterday.
13. There are many__________________ (child) in the classroom.
14. We have a lot of nice__________________ (tomato) here.
15. There are lots of __________________ (sheep) in the hill.
16. There are about eighty __________________ (man doctor) in the hospital.
17. I have a lot of __________________ (information) to tell you.
18. The baby has two __________________ (tooth).
19. There are many books on those__________________ (shelf).
20. There are 13 __________________ (Japanese) and 30 __________________ (German) here.
21. It’s only ten _____________(minute) walk from the station to the hotel.
22. It’s an _______(hour) ride from here to the museum.
23. The shops sell _________(woman) handbags.
24. March 8th is ______________Day. (woman)
25. I’ll give my English teacher a card for _____________________Day. (teacher)
26. This is _______________(Bobby and Tom) room.
27. These are __________________(Bobby and Tom) rooms.
28. She is a friend of ________(I).
四、单选题
1. ( ) This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much.
A. Lucy’s and Lily’s B. Lucy’s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily’s D. Lucy and Lily
2. ( ) In ______ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.
A. few years B. a few years’ C. a few year D. a few year’s
3. ( ) We will have a ___________holiday after the exam.
A. two month B. two–month C. two month’s D. two–months
4. ( ) Did you hear the ___________report
A. policemen B. policemen’s C. policemens’ D. policemens
5. ( ) It’s about __________walk from my home.
A. ten minute B. ten minutes’ C. ten minute’s D. ten minutes
6. ( ) This is my dress. That one is ______________.
A. Mary B. Mary’s C. sister D. mother
7. ( ) Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ________ to his office.
A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
8. ( ) __________ mothers made them have piano lessons.
A. Peter and Anne B. Peter’s and Anne’s C. Peter’s and Anne D. Peter and Anne’s
9. ( ) The market isn’t far from here. It’s only ___________ bicycle ride.
A. half an hours’ B. half an hour’s C. half an hour D. an hour and a half
10.( ) My father will have a _________ holiday next month. He’ll take me to Qingdao.
A. ten days B. ten days’ C. ten-days D. ten day’s
11. There are many __________ and _______ at my school.
A. boy students; man teachers B. boys students; man teachers
C. boys students; men teachers D. boy students; men teachers
12. Would you like _______ ,please
A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water
C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters
13. There are some ______ in these _______.
A. knifes; pencil-boxes B. knives; pencils-box
C. knives; pencil-box D. knives; pencils-boxes
14. They come from different ______
A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys
提高题练习
一、单选题
1. --- Whose umbrella is it ---- It’s ___________.
A. somebody else’s B. somebody else C. somebody’s else D. somebody’s else
2. ---- Where did you see her --- I met her at __________.
A. the doctor B. doctor’s C. the doctor’s D. doctors’
3. Most of ______ live in _______.
A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany
4. There are a lot of _________ down there but hardly any __________.
A. sheeps, people B. sheep, people C. sheeps, peoples D. sheep, peoples
5. All the ________ are made of(由….做成) ___________, not plastics.
A. glass, glass B. glasses, glass C. glass, glasses D. glasses, glasses
6. ----How many ____________ does a cow have ----- Four.
A. stomaches B. stomach C. stomachs D. stomachies
7. What ________! Where did you get them
A. a big fish B. big fish C. a piece of fish D. a piece of big fish
8. ______________! Let’s go climbing!
A. What a fine weather B. How fine weather C. What a fine day D. How fine day
9. The village is far away from her indeed. It’s _________ walk.
A. a four hour B. a four hour’s C. a four-hour D. a four hours
10. Lin Tao is ill, so he has to go to the ________ .
A. doctor B. doctor's C. doctors' D. doctor’
11. The women over there are __________ mothers.
A. Lily and Millie’s B. Lily’s and Millie’s C. Lily’s and Millie D. Lily and Millie
12. He is a friend of _________.
A. my father B. my fathers’ C. my father’s D. my fathyer’
二、用单词适当形式填空
1. They are ________(China) students and ____________(Germany) students.
2. Can you speak ____________(Japan) ---- No, but I can speak a little ____________(Germany).
3. Tom is one of the tallest _________(girl student) in our school.
4. These hats are one of the _________(player).
5. We will have a party on __________(child) Day.
6. Please write down these ____________(hero) names.
基础题巩固练习答案
一、将下列汉语译成英语略
二、将下列名词变为复数形式
1. English English 9. potato potatoes 17. stomach stomachs
2. German German 10. tomato tomatoes 18. bus buses
3. American Americans 11. watch watches 19. fox foxes
4. Chinese Chinese 12. fish fish 20. boy boys
5. leaf leaves 13. sheep sheep 21. family families
6. wolf wolves 14. tooth teeth 22. toy toys
7. shelf shelves 15. man men 23. library libraries
8. hero heroes 16. snowman snowmen 24. student students
三、根据句意，用括号中所给名词的适当形式填空
1. milk 2. vegetables 3. months’ 4. woods 5. teeth
6. deer 7. sister’s 8. fries 9. knives 10. heroes
11. leaves 12. Watches 13. children 14. tomatoes 15. sheep
16. men doctors 17. Information 18. teeth 19. Shelves 20. Japanese Germans
21. minutes’ 22. hour’s 23.women 24. Women’s 25. Teachers’
26. Bobby and Tom’s 27. Bobby ‘s Tom’s 28. mine
四、单选题
CCBBB BDBBB DBDB
提高题练习
一、单选题
ACDBB CBCCC BC
二、用单词适当形式填空
1. Chinese German 2. Japanese; German 3. girl students 4. players’ 5. Children’s 6. heroes’

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