Unit8 People and Events知识清单
believe[b li v]v.相信 brilliant[ br lj nt]adj.杰出的
chat[t t]v.聊天 chief[t i f]adj.总的;主要的
complete[k m'pli:t]v.完成 consider[k n'sid (r)]v.认为
design[di'zain]v.设计 graduation[ gr d u'ei n]n.毕业
invent[in'vent]v.发明 invention[in'ven n]n.发明
overcome[ uv 'k m]v.克服 record['rek :d]v.记录
schedule[' edju:l]n.工作计划;日程安排 stretch[stret ]v.延伸
ahead of schedule 提前 ebook reader电子书阅读器
return to 返回 show an interest in 对…感兴趣
succeed in 在…取得成功
Lin Yang: What’s your favorite invention
Jane Adams: The smart phone, of course.
Lin Yang: Why do you like it most
Jane Adams: I can do a lot of things with it, such as chatting with friends and taking selfies. Is it also your favorite invention
Lin Yang: I'm afraid not. I like the ebook reader best.
Jane Adams: Really Why
Lin Yang: Well, I can read with it wherever I am. I can’t live without it.
Jane Adams: I see. There are so many inventions, and they have changed our lives so much.
Lin Yang: That’s true. I hope someday I can invent something useful.
Jane Adams: Yeah. That would be cool.
参考译文:
林杨：你最喜欢的发明是什么？
简·亚当斯：当然是智能手机。
林杨：你为什么最喜欢它？
简·亚当斯：我可以用它做很多事情，比如与朋友聊天和自拍。它也是你最喜欢的发明吗？
林杨：恐怕不是。我最喜欢电子书阅读器。
简·亚当斯：真的吗？为什么？
林杨：嗯，无论我在哪里，我都可以用它读书。没有它我活不下去。
简·亚当斯：我明白了。有这么多的发明，它们极大地改变了我们的生活。
林杨：没错。希望有一天我也能发明件有用的东西。
简·亚当斯：是啊。那就太酷了。
Jingzhang Railway
The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first of its kind designed and built by Chinese people.
The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. Born in 1861 in Guangdong province, he showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, he went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, Zhan returned to China and began his work on the Jingzhang Railway in 1905.
The Jingzhang Railway must go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could ever build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200-kilometer-long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. It is considered a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history.
参考译文:
京张铁路
京张铁路从北京通向张家口。它在中国很有名，因
为它是第一条由中国人设计并建造的铁路。
这条铁路的总工程师是詹天佑。他1861年出生于广东省，从小就对机械感兴趣。11岁时，他赴美国学习。1881年从耶鲁大学毕业后，詹天佑便回到中国并于1905年开始主持京张铁路的工作。
京张铁路必须穿过一片山岭地带。当时，许多人都认为没人能在那里修建铁路。然而，詹天佑克服了重重困难，成功完成了任务。这条长200干米的铁路于1909年竣工，比计划提前了两年。它被认为是中国铁路史上的一项杰出工程。
The Invention of the Train
With the invention of the train, people could travel long distances at a higher speed more easily. The following people are remembered for their contributions to this great breakthrough (突破):
James Watt — improving steam engines
James Watt was a British engineer. He improved the steam engine and made it an effective source(来源) of power in 1776.
Richard Trevithick — inventing steam locomotives(火车头)
Richard Trevithick was a British engineer. Working on Watt’s steam engines, he managed to build one of the first steam locomotives in 1804.
George Stephenson — building steam locomotives for railways
The British inventor George Stephenson produced the world’s first commercial(商用的) passenger steam locomotive in 1825 and was later called “The Father of Railways”. Through his efforts, trains gradually became a major means of transportation, with railways spread all over the world.
参考译文:
火车的发明
火车的发明使人们可以更快、更轻松地进行长途旅
行。下列人物因他们为这一重大突破所做的贡献而
被人铭记。
詹姆斯·瓦特——改良蒸汽机
詹姆斯·瓦特是位英国工程师。1776年，他改进了蒸汽机，使之成为一种有效的动力来源。
理查德·特里维西克——发明蒸汽机车
理查德·特里维西克是位英国工程师。他在瓦特的蒸汽机的基础上，于1804年成功造出了第一批蒸汽机车中的一辆。
乔治·斯蒂芬孙——建造用于铁路的蒸汽机车
1825年，英国发明家乔治·斯蒂芬孙生产了世界首台商用蒸汽客运机车，他后来被称为“铁路之父”。通过他的努力，火车逐渐成为一种主要的交通工具，铁路在世界各地广泛建设开来。
单元练习
一、单选题。
1) —Must I water the flowers now
—No, you _____. You may do it later.
A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
2) —Excuse me. May I keep the book a little longer
—Sorry. You _____ return it today.
A. Must B. can C. may D. need
3) I _____ follow you. Would you please repeat it
A. can’t B. ought to C. might D. mustn’t
4) —Is the man over there Mr Smith
—No, it _____ be him. He has gone to China.
A. may not B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
5) Children _____ sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous.
A. need B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t
6) —I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours
—Yes, you _____.
A. can B. must C. might D. should
7) —Are you interested in shopping online
—Not so much. We _____ see real products but pictures.
A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
8) This book _____ be Kitty’s. Only she likes to read this kind of books.
A. can B. must C. May D. might
9) —I can’t find my key in my bag.
—You _____ it at home.
can have left B. may have left
C. must have left D. should have left
10) I _____ have watched that movie this afternoon. It will give me horrible dreams tonight.
A. Should B. shouldn’t C. need D. needn’t
二、完成句子。
1) Zhan Tianyou was interested in machinery in his childhood.
Zhan Tianyou _____ _____ _____ _____ machinery at an early age.
2) Robert studies at University of Cambridge from 2021 to 2025.
Robert got into University of Cambridge in 2021 and _____ _____ it in 2025.
3) The project will be completed four days earlier than it was planned.
The project will be completed four days _____ _____ _____.
4) The manager was very successful in the sales of suitcases.
The manager _____ _____ selling many suitcases.
5) 詹天佑回国是因为他对祖国深深的爱。
Zhan Tianyou returned to China because of _____ _____ _____ for his motherland.
三、选择合适的句子补全对话。
(A)
Ella: Hey, Yuting. I saw there’s a Chinese paper cutting museum nearby. Should I go there
Yuting: Yeah. 1) __________ Paper cutting is a well-known art form in China.
Ella: I didn’t know that. 2) __________
Yuting: Sure. 3) __________
Ella: That’s a long time.
Yuting: Yes. 4) __________
Ella: Wow, that’s great. I heard Chinese people call it“chuanghua”.
Yuting: Yes. 5) __________
Ella: Cool.
A. And it’s still popular among young people.
B. You are right.
C. It’s a good idea.
D. What about you
E. Could you teach me a little bit about it
F. Because people use the art to decorate windows.
G. The history of paper cutting in China is over 1 000 years long.
(B)
Ella Baker: What’s your favorite invention
Zhang Yuchen: 6)__________
Ella Baker: Why do you like it most
Zhang Yuchen: Because it can help cars move easily. 7)__________
Ella Baker: I’m afraid not. I like the Internet best.
Zhang Yuchen: 8)__________
Ella Baker: Well, you know, I’m a teacher. 9)__________
Zhang Yuchen: I see. There’re so many inventions, and they’ve changed our lives so much.
Ella Baker: That’s true. 10)__________
Zhang Yuchen: Yeah. That would be cool.
A. Really Why
B. What about this
C. I like ebooks best.
D. The wheel, of course.
E. Is it also your favorite invention
F. I hope someday I can invent something useful.
G. I can find a lot of resources online to help me teach.
阅读并选择最佳答案补全文章。
With the invention of the train, people could travel long distances at a higher speed more easily. 1)_____ people are worth remembering for their contributions to this great 2)_____. They are James Watt, Richard Trevithick and George Stephenson.
In 1776, James Watt, a British 3)_____ improved the steam engines. He 4)_____ the steam engine and made it an effective source of power. About 30 years later, Richard Trevithick invented steam locomotives. 5)_____ on Watt’s steam engines, he managed to build one of the first steam 6)_____ in 1804. George Stephenson built 7)_____ locomotives for railways. He 8)_____ the world’s first commercial passenger steam locomotive in 1825 and was later called “The Father of Railways”. 9)_____ his efforts, trains gradually became a 10)_____ means of transportation, with railways spreading all over the world.
1) A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
2) A. breakdown B. breakup C. breakout D. breakthrough
3) A. pilot B. engineer C. repairer D. teacher
4) A. repaired B. moved C. improved D. stayed
5) A. Becoming B. Acting C. Working D. Writing
6) A. locomotive B. locomotives C. motives D. motive
7) A. steam B. gas C. electricity D. energy
8) A. produce B. produces C. produced D. producing
9) A. After B. Through C. Without D. In
10) A. big B. small C. minor D. major
参考答案：
一、单选题。
1-5DAABD 6-10ABBCB
二、完成句子。
1.showed, great / an, interest, in 2. graduated, from
3. ahead, of, schedule 4. succeeded, in 5.his, deep, love
三、选择合适的句子补全对话。
1-5CEGAF 6-10DEAGF
四、阅读并选择最佳答案补全文章。
1-5CDBCC 6-10BACBD
01 Word and Expressions
02 Listening and Speaking
03 Reading and Writing
04 Culture understanding
精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
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Unit8 People and Events知识清单
01 Word and Expressions
believe[b li v]v.相信 brilliant[ br lj nt]adj.杰出的
chat[t t]v.聊天 chief[t i f]adj.总的;主要的
complete[k m'pli:t]v.完成 consider[k n'sid (r)]v.认为
design[di'zain]v.设计 graduation[ gr d u'ei n]n.毕业
invent[in'vent]v.发明 invention[in'ven n]n.发明
overcome[ uv 'k m]v.克服 record['rek :d]v.记录
schedule[' edju:l]n.工作计划;日程安排 stretch[stret ]v.延伸
ahead of schedule 提前 ebook reader电子书阅读器
return to 返回 show an interest in 对…感兴趣
succeed in 在…取得成功
02 Listening and Speaking
Lin Yang: What’s your favorite invention
Jane Adams: The smart phone, of course.
Lin Yang: Why do you like it most
Jane Adams: I can do a lot of things with it, such as chatting with friends and taking selfies. Is
it also your favorite invention
Lin Yang: I'm afraid not. I like the ebook reader best.
Jane Adams: Really Why
Lin Yang: Well, I can read with it wherever I am. I can’t live without it.
Jane Adams: I see. There are so many inventions, and they have changed our lives so much.
Lin Yang: That’s true. I hope someday I can invent something useful.
Jane Adams: Yeah. That would be cool.
()

参考译文:
林杨：你最喜欢的发明是什么？
简·亚当斯：当然是智能手机。
林杨：你为什么最喜欢它？
简·亚当斯：我可以用它做很多事情，比如与朋友聊天和自拍。它也是你最喜欢的发明
吗？
林杨：恐怕不是。我最喜欢电子书阅读器。
简·亚当斯：真的吗？为什么？
林杨：嗯，无论我在哪里，我都可以用它读书。没有它我活不下去。
简·亚当斯：我明白了。有这么多的发明，它们极大地改变了我们的生活。
林杨：没错。希望有一天我也能发明件有用的东西。
简·亚当斯：是啊。那就太酷了。
03 Reading andWriting
Jingzhang Railway
The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China
because it was the first of its kind designed and built by Chinese people.
The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. Born in 1861 in Guangdong province,
he showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, he went to study in the US. Upon
his graduation from Yale University in 1881, Zhan returned to China and began his work on
the Jingzhang Railway in 1905.
The Jingzhang Railway must go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many
people believed no one could ever build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou overcame all
kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200-kilometer-long railway was
completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. It is considered a brilliant piece of work in
Chinese railway history.
参考译文:
京张铁路
京张铁路从北京通向张家口。它在中国很有名，因
为它是第一条由中国人设计并建造的铁路。
()

这条铁路的总工程师是詹天佑。他 1861年出生于广东省，从小就对机械感兴趣。11岁
时，他赴美国学习。1881年从耶鲁大学毕业后，詹天佑便回到中国并于 1905年开始主
持京张铁路的工作。
京张铁路必须穿过一片山岭地带。当时，许多人都认为没人能在那里修建铁路。然而，
詹天佑克服了重重困难，成功完成了任务。这条长 200干米的铁路于 1909年竣工，比计
划提前了两年。它被认为是中国铁路史上的一项杰出工程。
04 Culture understanding
The Invention of the Train
With the invention of the train, people could travel long distances at a higher speed more easily.
The following people are remembered for their contributions to this great breakthrough (突破):
James Watt — improving steam engines
James Watt was a British engineer. He improved the steam engine and made it an effective
source(来源) of power in 1776.
Richard Trevithick — inventing steam locomotives(火车头)
Richard Trevithick was a British engineer. Working on Watt’s steam engines, he managed to
build one of the first steam locomotives in 1804.
George Stephenson — building steam locomotives for railways
The British inventor George Stephenson produced the world’s first commercial(商用的 )
passenger steam locomotive in 1825 and was later called “The Father of Railways”. Through
his efforts, trains gradually became a major means of transportation, with railways spread all
over the world.
参考译文:
火车的发明
火车的发明使人们可以更快、更轻松地进行长途旅
行。下列人物因他们为这一重大突破所做的贡献而
被人铭记。
詹姆斯·瓦特——改良蒸汽机
詹姆斯·瓦特是位英国工程师。1776年，他改进了蒸汽机，使之成为一种有效的动力来
源。
()

理查德·特里维西克——发明蒸汽机车
理查德·特里维西克是位英国工程师。他在瓦特的蒸汽机的基础上，于 1804年成功造出
了第一批蒸汽机车中的一辆。
乔治·斯蒂芬孙——建造用于铁路的蒸汽机车
1825年，英国发明家乔治·斯蒂芬孙生产了世界首台商用蒸汽客运机车，他后来被称为
“铁路之父”。通过他的努力，火车逐渐成为一种主要的交通工具，铁路在世界各地广
泛建设开来。
单元练习
一、单选题。
1) —Must I water the flowers now
—No, you _____. You may do it later.
A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
2) —Excuse me. May I keep the book a little longer
—Sorry. You _____ return it today.
A. Must B. can C. may D. need
3) I _____ follow you. Would you please repeat it
A. can’t B. ought to C. might D. mustn’t
4) —Is the man over there Mr Smith
—No, it _____ be him. He has gone to China.
A. may not B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
5) Children _____ sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous.
A. need B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t
6) —I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours
—Yes, you _____.
A. can B. must C. might D. should
7) —Are you interested in shopping online
—Not so much. We _____ see real products but pictures.
A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
()

8) This book _____ be Kitty’s. Only she likes to read this kind of books.
A. can B. must C. May D. might
9) —I can’t find my key in my bag.
—You _____ it at home.
A. can have left B. may have left
C. must have left D. should have left
10) I _____ have watched that movie this afternoon. It will give me horrible dreams tonight.
A. Should B. shouldn’t C. need D. needn’t
二、完成句子。
1) Zhan Tianyou was interested in machinery in his childhood.
Zhan Tianyou _____ _____ _____ _____ machinery at an early age.
2) Robert studies at University of Cambridge from 2021 to 2025.
Robert got into University of Cambridge in 2021 and _____ _____ it in 2025.
3) The project will be completed four days earlier than it was planned.
The project will be completed four days _____ _____ _____.
4) The manager was very successful in the sales of suitcases.
The manager _____ _____ selling many suitcases.
5) 詹天佑回国是因为他对祖国深深的爱。
Zhan Tianyou returned to China because of _____ _____ _____ for his motherland.
三、选择合适的句子补全对话。
(A)
Ella: Hey, Yuting. I saw there’s a Chinese paper cutting museum nearby. Should I go there
Yuting: Yeah. 1) __________ Paper cutting is a well-known art form in China.
Ella: I didn’t know that. 2) __________
Yuting: Sure. 3) __________
Ella: That’s a long time.
Yuting: Yes. 4) __________
Ella: Wow, that’s great. I heard Chinese people call it“chuanghua”.
Yuting: Yes. 5) __________
()

Ella: Cool.
A. And it’s still popular among young people.
B. You are right.
C. It’s a good idea.
D. What about you
E. Could you teach me a little bit about it
F. Because people use the art to decorate windows.
G. The history of paper cutting in China is over 1 000 years long.
(B)
Ella Baker: What’s your favorite invention
Zhang Yuchen: 6)__________
Ella Baker: Why do you like it most
Zhang Yuchen: Because it can help cars move easily. 7)__________
Ella Baker: I’m afraid not. I like the Internet best.
Zhang Yuchen: 8)__________
Ella Baker: Well, you know, I’m a teacher. 9)__________
Zhang Yuchen: I see. There’re so many inventions, and they’ve changed our lives so much.
Ella Baker: That’s true. 10)__________
Zhang Yuchen: Yeah. That would be cool.
A. Really Why
B. What about this
C. I like ebooks best.
D. The wheel, of course.
E. Is it also your favorite invention
F. I hope someday I can invent something useful.
G. I can find a lot of resources online to help me teach.
四、阅读并选择最佳答案补全文章。
With the invention of the train, people could travel long distances at a higher speed more easily.
1)_____ people are worth remembering for their contributions to this great 2)_____. They are
()

James Watt, Richard Trevithick and George Stephenson.
In 1776, James Watt, a British 3)_____ improved the steam engines. He 4)_____ the steam
engine and made it an effective source of power. About 30 years later, Richard Trevithick
invented steam locomotives. 5)_____ on Watt’s steam engines, he managed to build one of the
first steam 6)_____ in 1804. George Stephenson built 7)_____ locomotives for railways. He
8)_____ the world’s first commercial passenger steam locomotive in 1825 and was later called
“The Father of Railways”. 9)_____ his efforts, trains gradually became a 10)_____ means of
transportation, with railways spreading all over the world.
1) A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
2) A. breakdown B. breakup C. breakout D. breakthrough
3) A. pilot B. engineer C. repairer D. teacher
4) A. repaired B. moved C. improved D. stayed
5) A. Becoming B. Acting C. Working D. Writing
6) A. locomotive B. locomotives C. motives D. motive
7) A. steam B. gas C. electricity D. energy
8) A. produce B. produces C. produced D. producing
9) A. After B. Through C. Without D. In
10) A. big B. small C. minor D. major
参考答案：
一、单选题。
1-5DAABD 6-10ABBCB
二、完成句子。
1.showed, great / an, interest, in 2. graduated, from
3. ahead, of, schedule 4. succeeded, in 5.his, deep, love
三、选择合适的句子补全对话。
1-5CEGAF 6-10DEAGF
四、阅读并选择最佳答案补全文章。
1-5CDBCC 6-10BACBD
()

()

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