2024河南省九师联盟5月第6次考
英语（六）
注意事项：
1. 本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man mean
A. He is going on a diet.
B. He likes drinking water most.
C. He doesn’t want to be sleepless.
2. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister. C. Close friends.
3. What does the man promise to do
A. Make a call to the woman.
B. Hand in his paper on April 22nd.
C. Extend the deadline till April 21st.
4. What is the man doing
A. Looking for his luggage.
B. Showing the woman the way.
C. Asking for some information.
5. What will the man do tomorrow morning
A. Have his car repaired. B. Visit his grandparents. C. Meet the woman.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the website designed for
A. Idea-sharing. B. Entertainment. C. Making friends.
7. What does the man say about the website
A. It has attracted many people.
B. It needs improving.
C. It is very user-friendly.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman want to do
A. Borrow a book. B. Buy a card. C. Get her driver’s license.
9. What day is it probably today
A. 17th of June. B. 20th of June. C. 24th of June.
10. What is probably the man
A. A librarian. B. A driver. C. A policeman.
听第8段材料. 回答第11至13题。
11. What did the woman put in the cake
A. Sugar. B. Salt. C. Lemonade.
12. How does the cake taste
A. Delicious. B. Terrible. C. Just so-so.
13. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In a grocery store. B. In an office. C. At home.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who will make the guest list
A. The man. B. The woman. C. Tim.
15. What will Edward do
A. Design the invitations. B. Organize the musicians. C. Do online marketing tasks.
16. Where does Nancy’s brother work
A. In a hospital. B. On the train. C. In a hotel.
17. What can we know about Nancy
A. She is ill these days. B. She is on the way back. C. She will send out the invitations.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the third reason for students to start businesses
A. To realize their career potential.
B. To meet the need of making money.
C. To gain better development chances.
19. What is the percentage of students learning business-starting through student organizations
A. 17.15%. B. 22.58%. C. 32.5%.
20. Why do students choose to start businesses in small cities
A. They can enjoy free facilities.
B. They can get more information.
C. They see their rapid growth.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Choose the bike that suits you!
Do you want to tour Amsterdam by bike Here are some bikes that you can choose to use.
Bike with a child seat Are you looking for a bike with a child seat MacBike rents out bicycles with a child’s seat at the front or back. These are of high quality so you can be sure you can cycle safely through Amsterdam with your child. Prices: 1 hour: ?11.50 3 hours: ?13.50 1 day: ?18.50 Extra day: ?16.50 Available at: Oosterdok, Vondelpark & Waterlooplein Cargo (货运) bike Do you want to take more than one child on your bike Then hire a cargo bike for an adult and two children from MacBike. The cargo bike comes with seven gears (齿轮) so you can easily transport one or two children. Prices: 1 hour: ?17.50 3 hours: ?20.00 1 day: ?35.00 Extra day: ?35.00 Available at: Oosterdok, Vondelpark & Waterlooplein
Electric bike Would you like an extra push Or are you going to make a longer bike ride Then rent an electric bike from MacBike. The batteries of our electric bikes will last between 40 and 80 km depending on the speed chosen. The bike has two locks so you have the freedom to go wherever you want. Prices: 3 hours: ?17.50 1 day: ?28.00 Extra day: ?28.00 Insurance per 3 hours: ?10.00 Insurance per day: ?12.00 Deposit: only credit card Available at: Oosterdok & Vondelpark Parent-child tandem (双人自行车) Do you feel like cycling together as a team and discovering Amsterdam together Then rent a tandem for an adult with a child from MacBike. With this tandem the child sits in the front and can pedal (踩) along. The tandem is equipped with two locks so you have the freedom to go wherever you want. Prices: 1 hour: ?17.50 3 hours: ?20.00 1 day: ?35.00 Extra day: ?35.00 Available at: Vondelpark & Waterlooplein
1. Which of the following costs the least money for two days
A. A bike with a child seat. B. A cargo bike.
C. A parent-child tandem. D. An electric bike.
2. What is the unique feature of the electric bike
A. It is the safest to ride. B. It is the most effortless.
C. It doesn’t need a deposit. D. It is equipped with locks.
3. What do the four bikes have in common
A. They ask for extra insurance. B. They are designed for children.
C. They belong to the same owner. D. They are rentable at Waterlooplein.
B
Sicco Rood didn’t know what to expect when he set out, in the last days of December, to explore the Salton Sea, which is California’s largest and most treacherous inland water body. Temperatures around the lake can approach freezing in the winter and rise well above 38℃ in the summer. Much of the lake is bordered by wetland and quicksands. While preparing for the trip, he wondered, “Am I going to be blown into the middle of the lake by the unpredictable storm or get stuck in the quicksands ”
Fortunately, none of those things happened, although conditions weren’t perfect enough for Rood to make it all the way around the lake. A storm sent him home after six days of exploring.
The modern version of the Salton Sea was accidentally created in 1905 when the Colorado River broke its banks and began flowing into the dry bed of historic Lake Cahuilla. Before that, the lake bed naturally filled up and dried out periodically.
It had attracted Rood since he travelled to the Santa Rosa Mountains several years ago to watch the sun rise and set over the lake. Since then he has made up his mind to experience it close up.
“I wanted to be on the lake,” he said. “I think there’s no better way to experience a lake or a sea than by way of boating.”
Rood spent months planning for this trip. He listed everything he’d need. He even bought snowshoes, which he hoped would help him safely walk across wetland to find dry spots for camping. He found a good weather window at the end of December and he net off on December 29.
The Salton Sea once supported a wide variety of fish. But as the water has been drying up and gotten steadily saltier, the lake has gotten an increasingly bad reputation.
“People have been saying the place is dead. But that’s not what I saw.” he said. “During my six days on the lake, I saw thousands of birds every day. It’s a beautiful place. It just needs protection.”
4. What does the underlined word “treacherous” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Hot. B. Windy. C. Accessible. D. Dangerous.
5. What can be learned about Lake Cahuilla
A. It dried out regularly. B. It was connected with a river.
C. It was created in 1905. D. It broke its banks in the 1900s.
6. What does Sicco Rood say about the Salton Sea
A It is filled with fresh water. B. It is home to various birds.
C. It has been dying from overfishing. D. It has been heavily polluted.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. The history of the Salton Sea. B. A call for the protection of a historic lake.
C. A man’s trip to the Salton Sea. D. The important discovery of a historic lake.
C
On August 21, a cargo ship traveling from Singapore to Brazil became the first to try out a new kind of sail. The sail is expected to save fuel and cut pollution. If it works well, similar sails could become common on cargo ships over the next few years.
The new sail is called the “WindWings”. Cargill, a huge American food company, bad the ides to create the sail. Because it depends on ships to transport its food, Cargill was interested in finding ways to reduce pollution from its shipping operations.
Cargill asked the British company BAR Technologies to design a sail for cargo ships. BAR was started by Ben Ainslie, a champion sailor. BAR designed a massive wing. It stands 37.5 meters tall and is made of a strong material similar to that used for wind turbines (涡轮). The center section of the sail is 10 meters across. On either side of that is a moving wing that’s 5 meters wide. Not only can the WindWings be raised and lowered, but each section can be turned in many different ways to catch the wind in the best and safest way.
A company called Yara Marine built the WindWings. which were then put on the Pyxis Ocean — a cargo ship owned by Mitsubishi. In tests, the Pyxis Ocean was able to reach speeds of up to 10 kph using just the WindWings, and no fuel at all. Normally, the Pyxis Ocean will use fuel, but it aims to use far less by letting the wind help out. Cargill says computer studies show that each WindWing can save 1.65 tons of fuel every day. The Pyxis Ocean has two WindWings. Cargill says these should cut the ship’s pollution by about 30%.
The exciting thing about WindWings is that, if they work well, they can be made to fit many cargo ships that are currently running on fossil fuels. John Cooper, who runs BAR, says that by 2025, he expects half of new cargo ships to come with some sort of wind power.
8. Why did Cargill want to create WindWings
A. To change its operating way. B. To cut shipping pollution.
C. To have more food transported. D. To defeat other companies.
9. The advantage of a wing moving in different ways is that ________.
A. the ship can get enough power B. fuel can be stored up
C. the ship can reach the highest speed D. it will stop the wind
10. What is John Cooper’s attitude to WindWings
A. Opposed. B. Skeptical. C. Uncaring. D. Optimistic.
11. What’s the best title for the text
A. Wind Powers Cargo Ships in Brazil
B. A New Kind of Sail Shocks the Public
C. High-Tech Sails for Modern Cargo Ships
D. New Methods of Carrying Food Are Popular
D
Artificial intelligence (AI) companies are power-hungry—in more ways than one. A new commentary published Tuesday in the journal Joule argues that AI bots such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT or Google’s Bard may one day soon use as much energy as a small country. The increase in AI demand, as well as the resources necessary to power them, will further make climate change issues worse due to the greenhouse gas emissions (排放).
“Looking at the growing demand for AI service, I find it’s very likely that energy consumption related to AI will significantly increase in the coming years,” Alex De Vries, founder of digital trends watchdog Digiconomist and sustainability at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, said.
From the very beginning of its development, AI consumes a large amount of energy. Some research has estimated that simply training ChatGPT required 1,287 MWh of energy. That’s more than what 120 U.S. families use in an entire year. AI lab Hugging Face reported that training its own AI chatbot required roughly 433 MWh, which is the equivalent to 40 U.S. homes.
De Vries notes the energy consumption is likely to worsen as more and more companies begin to incorporate (使并入) AI models into their products. For example, Google recently announced a host of AI tools to its products such as Gmail. De Vries estimates Google alone will require 29.2 TWh of power annually—the equivalent of the annual power consumption of Ireland. By 2027, he says, AI power consumption will increase by as much as 134 TWh, meaning these systems will be consuming as much energy as countries like Argentina, the Netherlands and Sweden each year.
Interestingly, even though companies are attempting to make their AI systems more energy-efficient, demand will simply increase as a result. “The result of making these tools more efficient and accessible can be that we just allow more applications of it and more people to use it,” De Vries said.
“The potential growth highlights we need to be very mindful about what we use AI for,” he said. “It’s energy-intensive (密集的), so we don’t want to put it in all kinds of things where we don’t actually need it.”
12 How is paragraph 3 mainly developed
A. By listing figures. B. By analyzing causes.
C. By reasoning. D. By comparing.
13. What does the author mainly stress in paragraph 4
A. The development of the AI models. B. The difficulty of using AI products.
C. AI’s large consumption of energy. D. Many countries’ demands of energy.
14. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A. Focus on the energy-efficiency of AI service.
B. Avoid working in energy-intensive industries.
C. Explore alternative sources of power.
D. Be cautious about using the AI system.
15. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To appeal for revolution. B. To show a crisis.
C. To promote AI companies. D. To introduce AI.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four Tips to Promote Your Self-Confidence
The following tips might help promote your self-confidence, so you can feel more comfortable with whom you are.
___16___ Developing positive thoughts can serve as a good foundation, but the people around you can have a significant influence on your self-confidence as well. Consider surrounding yourself with people who build you up and encourage you to follow what you want in life.
Set goals for yourself. You don’t have to set large goals: you might begin with small goals that you can easily achieve. For example, you might set a goal to take a walk every day after work. It may be helpful to keep a list of the accomplishments that have made you feel proud. ___17___
Think about what makes you feel attractive. It can be easy to fall into the trap of looking for imperfections in ourselves, both inside and outside. ___18___ You might begin with qualities that make you a good friend, parent or coworker. You can also find ways to bring out your natural beauty by making small changes. ___19___ For example, you might try a new hairstyle, buy an article of clothing that you like, etc.
Do something brave once a week. It can be frightening to put ourselves out there, but sometimes the risk can be worth the reward. Taking risks doesn’t necessarily mean going bungee jumping or mountain climbing. ___20___ Perhaps you might talk to that person you’re interested in. Even if it doesn’t turn out the way you want it to, just taking the leap shows self-confidence and may make you feel proud of yourself.
A. Make influences on others.
B Surround yourself with positivity.
C. Achieving large goals is one way to feel confident.
D. You can simply do something to step out of your comfort zone.
E. Instead you might make a list of things that make you attractive.
F. You can use this list as motivation to get you to achieve your bigger goals.
G. Sometimes, even the simplest change can make us feel good about ourselves.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I noticed one of the smiling faces just recently, a tiny one cut out from an old photo. It was my youngest son Casey as a(n) ___21___. He was standing in the bathtub ___22___. He wasn’t even two years old yet. I took off my glasses and put my face ___23___ to see it. There was a light in his eyes that ___24___ through that photo. I could see the ___25___ soul within coming out of that photo. This was before the first ___26___ of autism (自闭症) appeared in him. This autism would largely silence his speech, limit his learning and make him ___27___ on us for the rest of his life. It kept him from ___28___ the boy I dreamed he would be.
I felt the ___29___ of regret and loss looking at that photo. But then I ____30____ just yesterday when he laughed and snuggled (依偎着) up to me while we were watching something he liked on television. I ____31____ his eyes at that moment and saw that same light, that same ____32____ and that same beautiful soul that was in his baby photo. Autism might have ____33____ his mind and changed his life but it never touched his soul. And I know now his beautiful soul is here for a ____34____.
Like my son Casey, each one of us has a bright, beautiful and shining soul within full of love and light. It is ____35____ us to let that soul out, to let it shine and to let it share its love with everyone, everywhere.
21. A. baby B. actor C. dancer D. audience
22. A. tirelessly B. curiously C. cautiously D. happily
23. A. away B. close C. right D. high
24. A. leaked B. fell C. shone D. broke
25. A. beautiful B. restless C. creative D. lonely
26. A. tricks B. concerns C. signs D. assumptions
27. A. strict B. decisive C. impressive D. dependent
28. A. rescuing B. inspecting C. becoming D. cheating
29. A. pain B. risk C. horror D. hope
30. A. worried B. guessed C. imagined D. remembered
31. A. referred to B. pointed to C. looked into D. sought for
32. A. love B. anger C. expectation D. confusion
33. A. linked B. purified C. predicted D. affected
34. A. degree B. purpose C. target D. mark
35. A. due to B. up to C. next to D. far from
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Were you born in the Year of the Tiger, the Rabbit, or maybe the Loong Read on to find out more about the Lunar New Year.
The lunar calendar ___36___ (base) on the cycles of the moon. so the date of the Lunar New Year is different each year. In China and in many other places, ___37___ Vietnam, Singapore and Korea, the Lunar New Year is usually celebrated in January or February.
Each year is named after one of 12 animals. There is a traditional story about ___38___ the animals were chosen. The Jade Emperor, ___39___ important god in traditional Chinese religions, wanted to find a way to measure time. He decided ___40___ (have) a race for all the animals in the country. Only 12 animals actually managed to get to the race and the Jade Emperor rewarded them by ___41___ (name) the 12 years of the lunar calendar after them. The first to finish ___42___ (be) the rat, so the first year was the Year of the Rat. The other eleven, in order, were the ox, the tiger, the rabbit, the loong, the snake, the horse, the goat, the monkey, the rooster, the dog and the pig. In many countries, the animals are the same as these. However, in some places they are of a bit ___43___ (different).
Different places celebrate in ___44___ (slight) different ways, but the Lunar New Year is indeed a family celebration everywhere. The younger generation greet their parents and grandparents with good wishes for the year ahead. Older members of the family give younger ones ____45____ (gift) of money, traditionally in small packets.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 2023海南（三亚）马拉松于12月24日成功举办，你作为志愿者，赛后采访了一些来自国外的运动员。请你写一篇短文。内容包括：
1. 时间、地点；
2. 他们的感受；
3. 你的看法。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Falling ill can be a valuable teaching tool for doctors and it can have an influence on how they look after patients.
Occasionally, doctors become patients, too. While as a doctor I wouldn’t wish ill health on anyone, it can be an inspiring lesson for medical professionals to suddenly be on the other side.
This happened to me a few months ago when I had a stomachache, which had decided to make its unwelcome presence just as I was going out for dinner with a friend.
The pain came from absolutely nowhere but within minutes I was unable to stand or walk. I had no doubt that fellow sufferers would sympathise. I was quite astonished by how painful it was.
Of course, being a doctor, I initially refused to believe that anything was wrong.
I was checked by my coworkers I was worked with. They only said that it was nothing serious. This reminded me of the time when I made conclusions without examining the patients carefully. How I wish I could have been more considerate to my patients.
I wasn’t going to be defeated by the stomachache, so instead I chose to writhe (扭动) around screaming for several hours until I had to admit that probably this was something more serious than a stomachache. Even doctors can underestimate the mental burden that pain brings for patients.
For the stomachache, I stayed in hospital for several days. Later, it turned out to be a kidney stone, which had to be taken out. Given the pain, I had assumed the stone was actually a small one. I was therefore fairly discouraged when it finally came out and it looked much smaller. How could something so small be so painful
During my time in hospital, various doctors came to speak to me. They were all very nice and polite but one stuck out in my mind. Whenever he came to my bed to speak to me, he knelt down so he was at my eye level. He was actually the most senior of them all.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, something about his manner and speech tone was incredibly calming. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Getting down on a patient’s level is a simple adjustment doctors can make to their care.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024河南省九师联盟5月第6次考
英语（六）
注意事项：
1. 本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man mean
A. He is going on a diet.
B. He likes drinking water most.
C. He doesn’t want to be sleepless.
2. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister. C. Close friends.
3. What does the man promise to do
A. Make a call to the woman.
B. Hand in his paper on April 22nd.
C. Extend the deadline till April 21st.
4. What is the man doing
A. Looking for his luggage.
B. Showing the woman the way.
C. Asking for some information.
5. What will the man do tomorrow morning
A. Have his car repaired. B. Visit his grandparents. C. Meet the woman.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the website designed for
A. Idea-sharing. B. Entertainment. C. Making friends.
7. What does the man say about the website
A. It has attracted many people.
B. It needs improving.
C. It is very user-friendly.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman want to do
A. Borrow a book. B. Buy a card. C. Get her driver’s license.
9. What day is it probably today
A. 17th of June. B. 20th of June. C. 24th of June.
10. What is probably the man
A. A librarian. B. A driver. C. A policeman.
听第8段材料. 回答第11至13题。
11. What did the woman put in the cake
A. Sugar. B. Salt. C. Lemonade.
12. How does the cake taste
A. Delicious. B. Terrible. C. Just so-so.
13. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In a grocery store. B. In an office. C. At home.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who will make the guest list
A. The man. B. The woman. C. Tim.
15. What will Edward do
A. Design the invitations. B. Organize the musicians. C. Do online marketing tasks.
16. Where does Nancy’s brother work
A. In a hospital. B. On the train. C. In a hotel.
17. What can we know about Nancy
A. She is ill these days. B. She is on the way back. C. She will send out the invitations.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the third reason for students to start businesses
A. To realize their career potential.
B. To meet the need of making money.
C. To gain better development chances.
19. What is the percentage of students learning business-starting through student organizations
A. 17.15%. B. 22.58%. C. 32.5%.
20. Why do students choose to start businesses in small cities
A. They can enjoy free facilities.
B. They can get more information.
C. They see their rapid growth.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Choose the bike that suits you!
Do you want to tour Amsterdam by bike Here are some bikes that you can choose to use.
Bike with a child seat Are you looking for a bike with a child seat MacBike rents out bicycles with a child’s seat at the front or back. These are of high quality so you can be sure you can cycle safely through Amsterdam with your child. Prices: 1 hour: ?11.50 3 hours: ?13.50 1 day: ?18.50 Extra day: ?16.50 Available at: Oosterdok, Vondelpark & Waterlooplein Cargo (货运) bike Do you want to take more than one child on your bike Then hire a cargo bike for an adult and two children from MacBike. The cargo bike comes with seven gears (齿轮) so you can easily transport one or two children. Prices: 1 hour: ?17.50 3 hours: ?20.00 1 day: ?35.00 Extra day: ?35.00 Available at: Oosterdok, Vondelpark & Waterlooplein
Electric bike Would you like an extra push Or are you going to make a longer bike ride Then rent an electric bike from MacBike. The batteries of our electric bikes will last between 40 and 80 km depending on the speed chosen. The bike has two locks so you have the freedom to go wherever you want. Prices: 3 hours: ?17.50 1 day: ?28.00 Extra day: ?28.00 Insurance per 3 hours: ?10.00 Insurance per day: ?12.00 Deposit: only credit card Available at: Oosterdok & Vondelpark Parent-child tandem (双人自行车) Do you feel like cycling together as a team and discovering Amsterdam together Then rent a tandem for an adult with a child from MacBike. With this tandem, the child sits in the front and can pedal (踩) along. The tandem is equipped with two locks so you have the freedom to go wherever you want. Prices: 1 hour: ?17.50 3 hours: ?20.00 1 day: ?35.00 Extra day: ?35.00 Available at: Vondelpark & Waterlooplein
1. Which of the following costs the least money for two days
A. A bike with a child seat. B. A cargo bike.
C. A parent-child tandem. D. An electric bike.
2. What is the unique feature of the electric bike
A. It is the safest to ride. B. It is the most effortless.
C. It doesn’t need a deposit. D. It is equipped with locks.
3. What do the four bikes have in common
A. They ask for extra insurance. B. They are designed for children.
C. They belong to the same owner. D. They are rentable at Waterlooplein.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章为想骑行游览阿姆斯特丹的读者介绍了四种可以租赁的自行车。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bike with a child seat中“1 day: ?18.50 Extra day: ?16.50 (1天：18.50欧元，额外一天：16.50欧元)”、Cargo bike中“1 day: ?35.00 Extra day: ?35.00 (1天：35.00欧元，额外一天：35.00欧元)”、Electric bike中“1 day: ?28.00 Extra day: ?28.00 (1天：28.00欧元，额外一天：28.00欧元)”和Parent-child tandem中“1 day: ?35.00 Extra day: ?35.00 (一天：35.00欧元，额外一天：35.00欧元)”可知，在四种类型中，带儿童座椅的自行车两天内花费最少（35<56<70）。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Electric bike中“Would you like an extra push Or are you going to make a longer bike ride (您需要额外的推力吗？还是你打算骑更长时间的车？)”可知，电动自行车可以提供额外的推力，适用于更长时间的骑行，是最省力的。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bike with a child seat中“MacBike rents out bicycles with a child’s seat at the front or back. (MacBike出租前面或后面有儿童座椅的自行车)”、Cargo bike中“Then hire a cargo bike for an adult and two children from MacBike. (那么从MacBike租一辆成人和两个孩子的货运自行车)”、Electric bike中“Then rent an electric bike from MacBike. (然后在MacBike上租一辆电动自行车)”和Parent-child tandem中“Then rent a tandem for an adult with a child from MacBike. (那么在MacBike上为带孩子的大人租一辆双人车)”可知，这四种类型的自行车属于同一个所有者。故选C项。
B
Sicco Rood didn’t know what to expect when he set out, in the last days of December, to explore the Salton Sea, which is California’s largest and most treacherous inland water body. Temperatures around the lake can approach freezing in the winter and rise well above 38℃ in the summer. Much of the lake is bordered by wetland and quicksands. While preparing for the trip, he wondered, “Am I going to be blown into the middle of the lake by the unpredictable storm or get stuck in the quicksands ”
Fortunately, none of those things happened, although conditions weren’t perfect enough for Rood to make it all the way around the lake. A storm sent him home after six days of exploring.
The modern version of the Salton Sea was accidentally created in 1905 when the Colorado River broke its banks and began flowing into the dry bed of historic Lake Cahuilla. Before that, the lake bed naturally filled up and dried out periodically.
It had attracted Rood since he travelled to the Santa Rosa Mountains several years ago to watch the sun rise and set over the lake. Since then he has made up his mind to experience it close up.
“I wanted to be on the lake,” he said. “I think there’s no better way to experience a lake or a sea than by way of boating.”
Rood spent months planning for this trip. He listed everything he’d need. He even bought snowshoes, which he hoped would help him safely walk across wetland to find dry spots for camping. He found a good weather window at the end of December and he net off on December 29.
The Salton Sea once supported a wide variety of fish. But as the water has been drying up and gotten steadily saltier, the lake has gotten an increasingly bad reputation.
“People have been saying the place is dead. But that’s not what I saw.” he said. “During my six days on the lake, I saw thousands of birds every day. It’s a beautiful place. It just needs protection.”
4. What does the underlined word “treacherous” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Hot. B. Windy. C. Accessible. D. Dangerous.
5. What can be learned about Lake Cahuilla
A. It dried out regularly. B. It was connected with a river.
C. It was created in 1905. D. It broke its banks in the 1900s.
6. What does Sicco Rood say about the Salton Sea
A. It is filled with fresh water. B. It is home to various birds.
C. It has been dying from overfishing. D. It has been heavily polluted.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. The history of the Salton Sea. B. A call for the protection of a historic lake.
C A man’s trip to the Salton Sea. D. The important discovery of a historic lake.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公斯科·鲁德出发去探索加州最大、最危险的内陆水体索尔顿海的经历和过程。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Temperatures around the lake can approach freezing in the winter and rise well above 38℃ in the summer. Much of the lake is bordered by wetland and quicksands. While preparing for the trip, he wondered, “Am I going to be blown into the middle of the lake by the unpredictable storm or get stuck in the quicksands ””（湖周围的温度在冬天可以接近冰点，在夏天可以上升到38℃以上。湖的大部分被湿地和流沙包围。在准备旅行的时候，他在想：“我是会被不可预测的风暴吹到湖中央，还是会被困在流沙里？”）由此可知，此处为出发去探索加州最大、最危险的内陆水体索尔顿海，他不知道会发生什么。故可猜测划线单词treacherous为“危险的”意思，结合选项D项Dangerous“危险的”意思一致。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The modern version of the Salton Sea was accidentally created in 1905 when the Colorado River broke its banks and began flowing into the dry bed of historic Lake Cahuilla. Before that, the lake bed naturally filled up and dried out periodically.”（现代版的索尔顿海是在1905年偶然形成的，当时科罗拉多河决堤，开始流入历史悠久的卡韦拉湖干涸的河床。在此之前，湖床会周期性地自然填满并干涸。）可知，关于卡韦拉湖我们能了解到它会定期干涸。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中““During my six days on the lake, I saw thousands of birds every day. It’s a beautiful place. It just needs protection.””（“在湖上的六天里，我每天都能看到成千上万只鸟。那是一个美丽的地方。它只是需要保护。”）可知，斯科·鲁德认为索尔顿海是各种鸟类的家园。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Sicco Rood didn’t know what to expect when he set out, in the last days of December, to explore the Salton Sea, which is California’s largest and most treacherous inland water body.”（12月的最后几天，当斯科·鲁德(Sicco Rood)出发去探索加州最大、最危险的内陆水体索尔顿海(Salton Sea)时，他不知道会发生什么）和倒数第三段“Rood spent months planning for this trip. He listed everything he’d need. He even bought snowshoes, which he hoped would help him safely walk across wetland to find dry spots for camping. He found a good weather window at the end of December and he net off on December 29.”（鲁德花了几个月计划这次旅行。他列出了他需要的所有东西。他甚至买了一双雪鞋，希望能帮助他安全地穿过湿地，找到干燥的露营地。他在12月底发现了一个好天气，12月29日就下了船。）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是主人公斯科·鲁德出发去探索加州最大、最危险的内陆水体索尔顿海的经历和过程。故选C项。
C
On August 21, a cargo ship traveling from Singapore to Brazil became the first to try out a new kind of sail. The sail is expected to save fuel and cut pollution. If it works well, similar sails could become common on cargo ships over the next few years.
The new sail is called the “WindWings”. Cargill, a huge American food company, bad the ides to create the sail. Because it depends on ships to transport its food, Cargill was interested in finding ways to reduce pollution from its shipping operations.
Cargill asked the British company BAR Technologies to design a sail for cargo ships. BAR was started by Ben Ainslie, a champion sailor. BAR designed a massive wing. It stands 37.5 meters tall and is made of a strong material similar to that used for wind turbines (涡轮). The center section of the sail is 10 meters across. On either side of that is a moving wing that’s 5 meters wide. Not only can the WindWings be raised and lowered, but each section can be turned in many different ways to catch the wind in the best and safest way.
A company called Yara Marine built the WindWings. which were then put on the Pyxis Ocean — a cargo ship owned by Mitsubishi. In tests, the Pyxis Ocean was able to reach speeds of up to 10 kph using just the WindWings, and no fuel at all. Normally, the Pyxis Ocean will use fuel, but it aims to use far less by letting the wind help out. Cargill says computer studies show that each WindWing can save 1.65 tons of fuel every day. The Pyxis Ocean has two WindWings. Cargill says these should cut the ship’s pollution by about 30%.
The exciting thing about WindWings is that, if they work well, they can be made to fit many cargo ships that are currently running on fossil fuels. John Cooper, who runs BAR, says that by 2025, he expects half of new cargo ships to come with some sort of wind power.
8. Why did Cargill want to create WindWings
A. To change its operating way. B. To cut shipping pollution.
C. To have more food transported. D. To defeat other companies.
9. The advantage of a wing moving in different ways is that ________.
A. the ship can get enough power B. fuel can be stored up
C. the ship can reach the highest speed D. it will stop the wind
10. What is John Cooper’s attitude to WindWings
A. Opposed. B. Skeptical. C. Uncaring. D. Optimistic.
11. What’s the best title for the text
A. Wind Powers Cargo Ships in Brazil
B. A New Kind of Sail Shocks the Public
C. High-Tech Sails for Modern Cargo Ships
D. New Methods of Carrying Food Are Popular
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一种新型的风帆，可以减少航运污染，且前景良好。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Cargill, a huge American food company, bad the ides to create the sail. Because it depends on ships to transport its food, Cargill was interested in finding ways to reduce pollution from its shipping operations.(美国食品巨头嘉吉公司(Cargill)想出了制造这种风帆的主意。由于嘉吉公司依赖船只运输其食品，因此它对寻找减少其航运业务污染的方法很感兴趣。)”可知，嘉吉公司想要制造WindWings是为了减少航运污染。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Not only can the WindWings be raised and lowered, but each section can be turned in many different ways to catch the wind in the best and safest way.(风翼不仅可以升降，而且每个部分都可以以多种不同的方式转动，以最佳和最安全的方式捕捉风。)”可知，机翼以不同方式移动的优势是可以得到足够的动力。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The exciting thing about WindWings is that, if they work well, they can be made to fit many cargo ships that are currently running on fossil fuels. John Cooper, who runs BAR, says that by 2025, he expects half of new cargo ships to come with some sort of wind power.( WindWings令人兴奋的地方在于，如果运行良好，它们可以用于许多目前使用化石燃料的货船。BAR的经营者约翰·库珀说，到2025年，他预计一半的新货船将采用某种形式的风力发电。)”可知，WindWings如果运行好，可以用于许多使用化石燃料的货船，约翰·库珀预计到2025年一半的新货船将采用风力发电，因此推断他对于WindWings是乐观的。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第一段内容“On August 21, a cargo ship traveling from Singapore to Brazil became the first to try out a new kind of sail. The sail is expected to save fuel and cut pollution. If it works well, similar sails could become common on cargo ships over the next few years.( 8月21日，一艘从新加坡开往巴西的货船成为首艘尝试新型帆的货船。这种帆有望节省燃料并减少污染。如果效果良好，未来几年类似的帆可能会在货船上变得普遍。)”可知，文章介绍了一种新型的风帆，将会减少航运污染，且前景良好，因此推断B项“一种新型的帆震惊了公众”为最佳表达。故选B。
D
Artificial intelligence (AI) companies are power-hungry—in more ways than one. A new commentary published Tuesday in the journal Joule argues that AI bots such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT or Google’s Bard may one day soon use as much energy as a small country. The increase in AI demand, as well as the resources necessary to power them, will further make climate change issues worse due to the greenhouse gas emissions (排放).
“Looking at the growing demand for AI service, I find it’s very likely that energy consumption related to AI will significantly increase in the coming years,” Alex De Vries, founder of digital trends watchdog Digiconomist and sustainability at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, said.
From the very beginning of its development, AI consumes a large amount of energy. Some research has estimated that simply training ChatGPT required 1,287 MWh of energy. That’s more than what 120 U.S. families use in an entire year. AI lab Hugging Face reported that training its own AI chatbot required roughly 433 MWh, which is the equivalent to 40 U.S. homes.
De Vries notes the energy consumption is likely to worsen as more and more companies begin to incorporate (使并入) AI models into their products. For example, Google recently announced a host of AI tools to its products such as Gmail. De Vries estimates Google alone will require 29.2 TWh of power annually—the equivalent of the annual power consumption of Ireland. By 2027, he says, AI power consumption will increase by as much as 134 TWh, meaning these systems will be consuming as much energy as countries like Argentina, the Netherlands and Sweden each year.
Interestingly, even though companies are attempting to make their AI systems more energy-efficient, demand will simply increase as a result. “The result of making these tools more efficient and accessible can be that we just allow more applications of it and more people to use it,” De Vries said.
“The potential growth highlights we need to be very mindful about what we use AI for,” he said. “It’s energy-intensive (密集的), so we don’t want to put it in all kinds of things where we don’t actually need it.”
12. How is paragraph 3 mainly developed
A. By listing figures. B. By analyzing causes.
C. By reasoning. D. By comparing.
13. What does the author mainly stress in paragraph 4
A. The development of the AI models. B. The difficulty of using AI products.
C. AI’s large consumption of energy. D. Many countries’ demands of energy.
14. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A. Focus on the energy-efficiency of AI service.
B. Avoid working in energy-intensive industries.
C. Explore alternative sources of power.
D. Be cautious about using the AI system.
15. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To appeal for revolution. B. To show a crisis.
C. To promote AI companies. D. To introduce AI.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能对能源的需求非常巨大，从发展之初人工智能就消耗了大量的能源，随着这种服务的日益增长，相关的能源消耗很可能会大幅增加，这将会进一步加剧气候变化问题，而我们应当谨慎地使用人工智能，避免不必要的消耗。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“From the very beginning of its development, AI consumes a large amount of energy. Some research has estimated that simply training ChatGPT required 1,287 MWh of energy. That’s more than what 120 U.S. families use in an entire year. AI lab Hugging Face reported that training its own AI chatbot required roughly 433 MWh, which is the equivalent to 40 U.S. homes. (从发展之初，人工智能就消耗了大量的能源。一些研究估计，仅仅训练ChatGPT就需要1287兆瓦时的能量。这比120个美国家庭全年的使用量还要多。人工智能实验室Hugging Face报告称，训练自己的人工智能聊天机器人大约需要433兆瓦时，相当于40个美国家庭的用电量)”可知，本段首先指出人工智能消耗大量的能源，然后通过列举训练ChatGPT和Hugging Face的人工智能聊天机器人所需能量的具体数字来佐证该论断。故选A项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“For example, Google recently announced a host of AI tools to its products such as Gmail. De Vries estimates Google alone will require 29.2 TWh of power annually—the equivalent of the annual power consumption of Ireland. By 2027, he says, AI power consumption will increase by as much as 134 TWh, meaning these systems will be consuming as much energy as countries like Argentina, the Netherlands and Sweden each year. (例如，谷歌最近宣布为其Gmail等产品提供一系列人工智能工具。De Vries估计，仅谷歌每年就需要29.2太瓦时的电力——相当于爱尔兰的年用电量。他说，到2027年，人工智能的电力消耗将增加134太瓦时，这意味着这些系统每年消耗的能源将与阿根廷、荷兰和瑞典等国家一样多)”可知，在本段中作者强调了人工智能消耗大量能源。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The potential growth highlights we need to be very mindful about what we use AI for,” he said. “It’s energy-intensive (密集的), so we don’t want to put it in all kinds of things where we don’t actually need it.” (他说：“潜在的增长表明，我们需要非常注意我们使用人工智能的目的。它是能源密集型的，所以我们不想把它放在各种我们实际上不需要它的地方。”)”可知，我们应当注意使用人工智能的目的，避免将它用于不必要的地方。因此，作者是建议人们在使用人工智能系统时要谨慎。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“The increase in AI demand, as well as the resources necessary to power them, will further make climate change issues worse due to the greenhouse gas emissions (排放). (人工智能需求的增加，以及为它们提供电力所需的资源，将因温室气体排放而进一步使气候变化问题恶化)”可知，文章主要围绕人工智能对能源的巨大需求展开，介绍了从发展之初人工智能就消耗了大量的能源，随着这种服务的日益增长，相关的能源消耗很可能会大幅增加，这将会进一步加剧气候变化问题。由此可知，作者的写作目的在于呈现人工智能消耗大量能源带来的气候危机。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four Tips to Promote Your Self-Confidence
The following tips might help promote your self-confidence, so you can feel more comfortable with whom you are.
___16___ Developing positive thoughts can serve as a good foundation, but the people around you can have a significant influence on your self-confidence as well. Consider surrounding yourself with people who build you up and encourage you to follow what you want in life.
Set goals for yourself. You don’t have to set large goals: you might begin with small goals that you can easily achieve. For example, you might set a goal to take a walk every day after work. It may be helpful to keep a list of the accomplishments that have made you feel proud. ___17___
Think about what makes you feel attractive. It can be easy to fall into the trap of looking for imperfections in ourselves, both inside and outside. ___18___ You might begin with qualities that make you a good friend, parent or coworker. You can also find ways to bring out your natural beauty by making small changes. ___19___ For example, you might try a new hairstyle, buy an article of clothing that you like, etc.
Do something brave once a week. It can be frightening to put ourselves out there, but sometimes the risk can be worth the reward. Taking risks doesn’t necessarily mean going bungee jumping or mountain climbing. ___20___ Perhaps you might talk to that person you’re interested in. Even if it doesn’t turn out the way you want it to, just taking the leap shows self-confidence and may make you feel proud of yourself.
A. Make influences on others.
B. Surround yourself with positivity.
C. Achieving large goals is one way to feel confident.
D. You can simply do something to step out of your comfort zone.
E. Instead, you might make a list of things that make you attractive.
F. You can use this list as motivation to get you to achieve your bigger goals.
G. Sometimes, even the simplest change can make us feel good about ourselves.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章和读者分享了提升自信的四个技巧。
【16题详解】
后文“Developing positive thoughts can serve as a good foundation, but the people around you can have a significant influence on your self-confidence as well. Consider surrounding yourself with people who build you up and encourage you to follow what you want in life. (培养积极的想法可以作为一个良好的基础，但你周围的人也会对你的自信产生重大影响。考虑和那些鼓舞你、鼓励你追求人生目标的人在一起)”主要说明周围的人对自信有影响，建议与那些发挥鼓励作用的人待在一起，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需和其他段落首句一样使用祈使句的形式，且需统领段落内容，应该和营造自己周围的环境相关，因此B项“Surround yourself with positivity. (让你的周围充满正能量)”符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的Surround和后文的surrounding呼应。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文“It may be helpful to keep a list of the accomplishments that have made you feel proud. (把让你感到自豪的成就列一张清单可能会有所帮助)”建议列清单记录自己的成就，空处应该和这张清单的作用相关，因此F项“You can use this list as motivation to get you to achieve your bigger goals. (你可以用这张清单来激励自己实现更大的目标)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的this list指代前文的a list of the accomplishments that have made you feel proud。故选F。
【18题详解】
前文“It can be easy to fall into the trap of looking for imperfections in ourselves, both inside and outside. (我们很容易陷入寻找自己内在和外在缺陷的陷阱)”提到我们通常会关注自己的缺陷，后文“You might begin with qualities that make you a good friend, parent or coworker. (你可以从使你成为好朋友、好父母或好同事的品质开始)”建议关注自己的美好品质，空处应该会有转折，建议不要只看到缺陷，因此E项“Instead, you might make a list of things that make you attractive. (相反，你可以列一张能让你有吸引力的东西的清单)”符合语境，构成转折。故选E。
【19题详解】
前文“You can also find ways to bring out your natural beauty by making small changes. (你也可以通过一些小的改变来发现你的自然美)”建议做出小改变发现自身的美，后文“For example, you might try a new hairstyle, buy an article of clothing that you like, etc. (例如，你可以尝试一个新发型，买一件你喜欢的衣服，等等)”给出具体的小改变的例子，空处应该起到过渡作用，说明做出小改变的好处，因此G项“Sometimes, even the simplest change can make us feel good about ourselves. (有时候，即使是最简单的改变也能让我们自我感觉良好)”符合语境，承上启下，其中的the simplest change和前文的small changes呼应。故选G。
【20题详解】
前文“Taking risks doesn’t necessarily mean going bungee jumping or mountain climbing. (冒险并不一定意味着去蹦极或爬山)”指出冒险不等同于做极限运动，后文“Perhaps you might talk to that person you’re interested in. (也许你可以和你感兴趣的人谈谈)”列举简单的冒险的事例，空处应该会把冒险和简单的事情联系起来，因此D项“You can simply do something to step out of your comfort zone. (你可以简单地做些事情走出你的舒适区)”符合语境，承上启下。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I noticed one of the smiling faces just recently, a tiny one cut out from an old photo. It was my youngest son Casey as a(n) ___21___. He was standing in the bathtub ___22___. He wasn’t even two years old yet. I took off my glasses and put my face ___23___ to see it. There was a light in his eyes that ___24___ through that photo. I could see the ___25___ soul within coming out of that photo. This was before the first ___26___ of autism (自闭症) appeared in him. This autism would largely silence his speech, limit his learning and make him ___27___ on us for the rest of his life. It kept him from ___28___ the boy I dreamed he would be.
I felt the ___29___ of regret and loss looking at that photo. But then I ____30____ just yesterday when he laughed and snuggled (依偎着) up to me while we were watching something he liked on television. I ____31____ his eyes at that moment and saw that same light, that same ____32____ and that same beautiful soul that was in his baby photo. Autism might have ____33____ his mind and changed his life but it never touched his soul. And I know now his beautiful soul is here for a ____34____.
Like my son Casey, each one of us has a bright, beautiful and shining soul within full of love and light. It is ____35____ us to let that soul out, to let it shine and to let it share its love with everyone, everywhere.
21. A. baby B. actor C. dancer D. audience
22. A. tirelessly B. curiously C. cautiously D. happily
23. A. away B. close C. right D. high
24. A. leaked B. fell C. shone D. broke
25 A. beautiful B. restless C. creative D. lonely
26. A. tricks B. concerns C. signs D. assumptions
27. A. strict B. decisive C. impressive D. dependent
28. A. rescuing B. inspecting C. becoming D. cheating
29. A. pain B. risk C. horror D. hope
30. A. worried B. guessed C. imagined D. remembered
31. A. referred to B. pointed to C. looked into D. sought for
32. A. love B. anger C. expectation D. confusion
33. A. linked B. purified C. predicted D. affected
34. A. degree B. purpose C. target D. mark
35. A. due to B. up to C. next to D. far from
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者搬家看到一张照片，照片上儿子笑的很开心。但后来儿子得了自闭症，引发了作者对人生的一些思考。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我最小的儿子凯西还是个婴儿的时候。A. baby婴儿；B. actor演员；C. dancer舞蹈者；D. audience观众。根据下文“He wasn’t even two years old yet.”提到那时他还不到两岁，由此可知，此处应表示作者最小的儿子凯西那时还是个婴儿。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他高兴地站在浴缸里。A. tirelessly不知疲倦地；B. curiously好奇地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. happily高兴地。根据上文“I noticed one of the smiling faces just recently”提到注意到其中一张笑脸的照片，由此可知，此处应表示他高兴地站在浴缸里。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我摘下眼镜，凑近脸去看。A. away离开；B. close接近地；C. right正好地；D. high高。根据上文“I took off my glasses”以及下文“There was a light in his eyes that ___4___ through that photo”由此可知，此处应表示作者摘下眼镜，凑近脸去看。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的眼睛里闪烁着光芒，透过那张照片。A. leaked泄漏；B. fell摔倒；C. shone闪耀；D. broke打破。根据句意以及上文“There was a light in his eyes”由此可知，此处应表示他的眼睛里闪烁着光芒，透过那张照片。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我能从那张照片里看到美丽的灵魂。A. beautiful美丽的；B. restless坐立不安的；C. creative有创造力的；D. lonely孤独的。根据下文“And I know now his beautiful soul is here for a ___14___.”可知，此处应表示作者能从那张照片里看到美丽的灵魂。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是在他出现自闭症症状之前。A. tricks技巧；B. concerns担心；C. signs标志（症状）；D. assumptions假定。根据下文“of autism appeared in him”可知，照片拍摄在凯西出现自闭症症状之前。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种自闭症会使他在很大程度上无法说话，限制他的学习，使他的余生都依赖我们。A. strict严格的；B. decisive决定性的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. dependent依赖的。根据上文“This autism would largely silence his speech, limit his learning”提到自闭症会使他在很大程度上无法说话，限制他的学习，由此可知，此处应表示自闭症使他的余生都依赖我们。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让他无法成为我梦想中的男孩。A. rescuing救援；B. inspecting监视；C. becoming成为；D. cheating欺骗。根据句意以及下文“the boy I dreamed he would be”由此可知，此处应表示这让他无法成为我梦想中的男孩。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着那张照片，我感到了遗憾和失落的痛苦。A. pain痛苦；B. risk冒险；C. horror恐惧；D. hope希望。根据句意以及下文“of regret and loss”由此可知，此处应表示看着那张照片，作者感到了遗憾和失落的痛苦。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我想起昨天我们在看他喜欢的电视节目时，他笑着依偎在我身边。A. worried担心；B. guessed猜测；C. imagined想象；D. remembered记得。根据下文“just yesterday when he laughed and snuggled up to me while we were watching something he liked on television.”可知，此处应表示作者想起昨天我们在看他喜欢的电视节目时，他笑着依偎在我身边。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那一刻，我看着他的眼睛，在他的婴儿照片中看到了同样的光芒、同样的爱和同样美丽的灵魂。A. referred to指的是；B. pointed to指出；C. looked into看着；D. sought for 寻找。根据下文“his eyes at that moment and saw...”可知，此处应表示那一刻，作者看着他的眼睛。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我看着他的眼睛，在他的婴儿照片中看到了同样的光芒、同样的爱和同样美丽的灵魂。A. love爱；B. anger愤怒；C. expectation期待；D. confusion困惑。根据下文“each one of us has a bright, beautiful and shining soul within full of love and light.”可知，此处应表示在他的婴儿照片中看到了同样的光芒、同样的爱和同样美丽的灵魂。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自闭症可能影响了他的思想，改变了他的生活，但它从未触及他的灵魂。A. linked连接；B. purified净化；C. predicted预计；D. affected影响。根据句意以及下文“his mind and changed his life”可知，此处应表示自闭症可能影响了他的思想，改变了他的生活。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在知道他美丽的灵魂在这里是有目的的。A. degree程度；B. purpose目的；C. target目标；D. mark标记。根据句意以及上文“And I know now his beautiful soul is here for”可知，此处应表示作者现在知道他美丽的灵魂在这里是有目的的。故选B项。
35题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：这取决于我们如何释放灵魂，让它闪耀，让它与每个人分享它的爱，无处不在。A. due to由于；B. up to取决于；C. next to紧靠着；D. far from远离。根据上下文语境以及下文“let that soul out, to let it shine and to let it share its love with everyone, everywhere.”由此可知，此处应表示这取决于我们如何释放灵魂，让它闪耀，让它与每个人分享它的爱，无处不在。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Were you born in the Year of the Tiger, the Rabbit, or maybe the Loong Read on to find out more about the Lunar New Year.
The lunar calendar ___36___ (base) on the cycles of the moon. so the date of the Lunar New Year is different each year. In China and in many other places, ___37___ Vietnam, Singapore and Korea, the Lunar New Year is usually celebrated in January or February.
Each year is named after one of 12 animals. There is a traditional story about ___38___ the animals were chosen. The Jade Emperor, ___39___ important god in traditional Chinese religions, wanted to find a way to measure time. He decided ___40___ (have) a race for all the animals in the country. Only 12 animals actually managed to get to the race and the Jade Emperor rewarded them by ___41___ (name) the 12 years of the lunar calendar after them. The first to finish ___42___ (be) the rat, so the first year was the Year of the Rat. The other eleven, in order, were the ox, the tiger, the rabbit, the loong, the snake, the horse, the goat, the monkey, the rooster, the dog and the pig. In many countries, the animals are the same as these. However, in some places they are of a bit ___43___ (different).
Different places celebrate in ___44___ (slight) different ways, but the Lunar New Year is indeed a family celebration everywhere. The younger generation greet their parents and grandparents with good wishes for the year ahead. Older members of the family give younger ones ____45____ (gift) of money, traditionally in small packets.
【答案】36. is based
37. like##including
38. why 39. an
40 to have
41. naming 42. was
43. difference
44. slightly
45. gifts
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是我国的农历年动物的由来和庆祝方式。
【36题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：阴历是以月亮的周期为基础的。根据下文中的is以及句意可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，base与句子主语The lunar calendar之间为被动关系，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为名词单数。故填is based。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：在中国和许多其他地方，如/包括越南、新加坡和韩国，农历新年通常在1月或2月庆祝。此空后为列举的其它地方，所以此处使用介词like；此处也可以使用介词including表示“包括”。故填like/including。
【38题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：关于为什么选择这些动物，有一个传统的故事。分析句子结构可知，此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作介词about的宾语，表示“为什么”。故填why。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：玉皇大帝是中国传统宗教中的一位重要的神，他想找到一种测量时间的方法。此空所在的短语为同位语,解释名词The Jade Emperor，表示的是“一位重要的神”，表泛指意义，使用不定冠词，important为元音音素开头，所以此处使用不定冠词an。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他决定为全国所有的动物举办一场比赛。根据decide to do sth.可知，此处应为动词不定式作宾语。故填to have。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：只有12只动物成功参加了比赛，玉皇大帝以它们的名字命名农历12年作为奖励。介词by后应为动名词形式作宾语，且表示主动意义。故填naming。
【42题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：第一个完成的是老鼠，所以第一年是鼠年。根据语境以及下文中的was可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，主语The first指代的内容是单数意义。故填was。
【43题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：然而，在某些地方，它们有一点不同。此处为名词作宾语，different的名词为difference，“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词，此处应为不可数名词difference。故填difference。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：不同的地方庆祝农历新年的方式略微有不同，但农历新年确实是一个家庭庆祝的时刻，无处不在。此处为副词作作状语修饰different，slight的副词形式为slightly，意为“略微，稍微”。故填slightly。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：家中年长的成员会给年轻的成员送钱作为礼物，传统上是装在小包里。此处为名词作宾语，结合空前的younger ones可知，此处应指的不只是一个礼物，所以使用名词复数形式。故填gifts。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 2023海南（三亚）马拉松于12月24日成功举办，你作为志愿者，赛后采访了一些来自国外的运动员。请你写一篇短文。内容包括：
1. 时间、地点；
2. 他们的感受；
3. 你的看法。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The 2023 Hainan (Sanya) Marathon was successfully held on December 24th. As a volunteer, I had the opportunity to interview some foreign athletes after the race.
The race took place in Sanya, a beautiful city known for its stunning beaches and warm climate. The athletes expressed their gratitude for the incredible scenery and the enthusiastic crowd that cheered them on throughout the race. They were also impressed by the organization and efficiency of the event, noting that everything was well-planned and executed.
Personally, it was inspiring to see the determination and dedication of the athletes. Their positive attitudes and strong will to finish the race were truly motivating. It was a rewarding experience to be a part of such a memorable event.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生以海南（三亚）马拉松比赛志愿者的身份，在赛后采访来自国外的运动员，写一篇采访稿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
极好的：stunning→extraordinary, wonderful
表达：express→convey
热情的：enthusiastic→passionate, avid
提到：note→mention, point out
难忘的：memorable→unforgettable
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Personally, it was inspiring to see the determination and dedication of the athletes. Their positive attitudes and strong will to finish the race were truly motivating.
拓展句：Personally, it was inspiring to see the determination and dedication of the athletes, whose positive attitudes and strong will to finish the race were truly motivating.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The athletes expressed their gratitude for the incredible scenery and the enthusiastic crowd that cheered them on throughout the race. (运用了that引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] They were also impressed by the organization and efficiency of the event, noting that everything was well-planned and executed. (运用了现在分词作状语、that引导宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Falling ill can be a valuable teaching tool for doctors and it can have an influence on how they look after patients.
Occasionally, doctors become patients, too. While as a doctor I wouldn’t wish ill health on anyone, it can be an inspiring lesson for medical professionals to suddenly be on the other side.
This happened to me a few months ago when I had a stomachache, which had decided to make its unwelcome presence just as I was going out for dinner with a friend.
The pain came from absolutely nowhere but within minutes I was unable to stand or walk. I had no doubt that fellow sufferers would sympathise. I was quite astonished by how painful it was.
Of course, being a doctor, I initially refused to believe that anything was wrong.
I was checked by my coworkers I was worked with. They only said that it was nothing serious. This reminded me of the time when I made conclusions without examining the patients carefully. How I wish I could have been more considerate to my patients.
I wasn’t going to be defeated by the stomachache, so instead I chose to writhe (扭动) around screaming for several hours until I had to admit that probably this was something more serious than a stomachache. Even doctors can underestimate the mental burden that pain brings for patients.
For the stomachache, I stayed in hospital for several days. Later, it turned out to be a kidney stone, which had to be taken out. Given the pain, I had assumed the stone was actually a small one. I was therefore fairly discouraged when it finally came out and it looked much smaller. How could something so small be so painful
During my time in hospital, various doctors came to speak to me. They were all very nice and polite but one stuck out in my mind. Whenever he came to my bed to speak to me, he knelt down so he was at my eye level. He was actually the most senior of them all.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, something about his manner and speech tone was incredibly calming. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Getting down on a patient’s level is a simple adjustment doctors can make to their care.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】However, something about his manner and speech tone was incredibly calming. While it took me a while to put my finger on what it was many times, he just adjusted it and waited for me. What he was doing made me feel so relaxed and reassured. Every time he came to me, he would kneel down and when he left, he would always say, “Have a nice day.” I truly felt moved and respected. How considerate and concerned he was to his patients!
Getting down on a patient’s level is a simple adjustment doctors can make to their care. Just that one simple act of kneeling down can make a difference. It seems such a small thing, but it means a lot to the patients and all the other doctors and nurses can learn from it. They should learn to walk in patients’ shoes and transform the way of care, thus relieving the patients’ mental stress to some degree. It’s a trick that I’m going to start using myself during my career.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了身为医生的作者在一次和一个朋友出去吃饭时突然患上了肾结石，导致胃痛的难受，被送到医院后，作者的同事们给他做检查并且安慰作者，有一个医生的举动给作者留下了深刻的印象，每次来探望作者时，他总是跪下来去关心作者的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，他的举止和说话语气却令人难以置信地平静。”可知，第一段可描写来慰问作者的医生是怎么做的让作者感到放松以及作者的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“跪下来与病人持平是医生可以对他们的护理做出的一个简单调整。”可知，第二段可描写作者对跪下来与病人持平这一举动会对病人的影响以及作者的感悟。
2. 续写线索：医生慰问作者的举动——作者感到放松——作者的感悟——作者的决定
3. 词汇激活
行类
①跪下：kneel down/go down on one’s knees
②改变：transform/change
③缓解：relieve/ease/alleviate
情绪类
①感动：moved/touched
②担忧：concerned/worried
【点睛】【高分句型1】What he was doing made me feel so relaxed and reassured. (运用了what引导的主语从句)
【高分句型2】How considerate and concerned he was to his patients! (运用了how引导的感叹句型)
【高分句型3】They should learn to walk in patients’ shoes and transform the way of care, thus relieving the patients’ mental stress to some degree.(运用了现在分词短语作状语)

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