2025北京版新教材英语高考第一轮
主题九 包容与合作
词汇清单
基 础 词 汇 名词: compromise折中 maturity成熟 self control自制力 warning警示 panic惊恐 departure离开 cigarette香烟 request请求 complaint投诉 vote投票 departure离开 identification身份证明 ceremony仪式 alcohol酒 carpet地毯 edge边缘 violence暴力行为 inconvenience不便 representative代表 appreciation感激 tax税 ankle脚踝 frontier国界 border国界 incident事件 recovery康复 greed贪欲
动词: inquire打听 monitor监督 conclude作出结论 bother(使)生气 pack打包 plug把……塞住 cease停止 arrest逮捕 display展示 recall回想起 withdraw(使)退出;撤销 weep哭泣 pray祈求 greet问候 distribute分配 ban禁止 invest投资 detect察觉 resolve解决
形容词、副词: ashamed内疚的 prejudiced有偏见的 false不正确的 bitter令人难过的 remote偏僻的 pleasant和蔼可亲的 loose松的 permanent永久的 keen着迷的 unsuspecting无疑心的 temporary暂时的 desirable理想的 somewhat有点 literally确实地;字面上 firmly坚定地
词 汇 变 形 benefit v.有益于 →beneficial adj.有利的 detect v.察觉 →detection n.探测 assign v.分配 →assignment n.作业 resolve v.解决 →resolution n.决定 harm v.伤害 →harmful adj.有害的 warn v.警告 →warning n.警告 negotiate v.协商 →negotiation n.协商 mature adj.成熟的 →maturity n.成熟 inquire v.询问 →inquiry n.问询 greed n.贪欲 →greedy adj.贪婪的 violence n.暴力 →violent adj.凶猛的 →violently adv.剧烈地 annoy v.惹恼 →annoyance n.烦恼 →annoying adj.令人气恼的 tolerate v.忍受 →tolerance n.宽容 →tolerant adj.宽容的
主 题 词 块 move out of one's rented flat搬出租用的公寓 be driven mad被逼疯 be exposed to noise接触噪声 come across various conflicts遇到各种冲突 respond to anger对愤怒作出反应 call on拜访;号召 have a bad influence on对……有不良影响 get rid of the smell of fish摆脱鱼腥味 blow out吹灭 without doubt毫无疑问 negotiate with the other person和另一个人谈判 put forward solutions提出解决方案
即练即清
一、选词填空
阅读下列句子,选择恰当的词或短语,并用其正确形式填空。其中有一项为多余选项。
A
incident request recovery edge ankle vote
1. When she retired, Craven was diagnosed with breast cancer, and was advised to swim as part of her . (2023海淀期末)
2. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are for more money to be sent from home.
3. A month before my first marathon, one of my was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.
4. Counting the took about five minutes, but it seemed like an hour for me. Captain of the cheerleaders is quite an honor. At least that's what I was expecting.
5. When you are lying in bed, you shouldn't blame yourself for having done this wrong or not having done that better, but look at your day and note when you made an effort to place a full stop after a(n) .
B
monitor recall withdraw call on get rid of be less exposed to
6. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers their heart rates and blood pressure. (2021北京)
7. We may want memories that cause nonadaptive responses, such as upsetting memories, so that we can respond to new experiences in more adaptive ways.
8. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. (2020北京)
9. Today, as I my experience with Motivos, I can proudly say, “I was a paid intern.” It paid me with something much more powerful and worthy than money: knowledge, opportunities, and experience that last forever.
10. The last thing I wanted to hear when my government sponsored scholarship
during my final year of college was: “Things are working out for your own good. Just give them some time.”
C
temporary literally permanent pleasant firmly remotely
11. Sava is a robot. She is controlled by a person through a camera inside the robot.
12. This book is about dying, but it is not pessimistic. Indeed, it was a surprise to find that this book is filled with joy and hope. (外研XB4U2)
13. Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a place to stay. Once you get here, you can look for longer term accommodation.
14. What I have found is that most of these families need repair, not break up. How else can one learn how to negotiate needs, to create boundaries and to trust
15. Ray Tokuda, a 54 year old Japanese American, is proud of the title his school has given him. He is a Shifu, a Chinese word meaning a master, mentor or senior practitioner of martial arts.
二、词汇变形
阅读下列句子,用括号里所给词的正确形式填空。
16. Zero (tolerate) is something that is used for more severe behaviors.
17. Remember: Quieting a constant complainer can be (benefit) to both of you.
18. The older you are, the more likely you will come to a (resolve) after an argument. (2021北京)
19. There are 8 marked writing (assign) with feedback to help you improve your writing. (2023丰台二模)
20. In fact, stopping these (annoy) insects in their tracks could save up to half a million lives lost to diseases each year. (2023西城期末)
能力提升练
一、听后记录并转述(改编自北师XB4U11 Lesson 2)
第一节 听后记录
听两遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上,每空只需填写一个词。
How to Deal with Conflict
Keep your mind clear 1. clearly what you want. Repeat what you said in a 2. way.
Get to know the other person Don't act as if they are 100% wrong. Find out what the other person 3. , and why.
Control your temper Avoid shouting aloud to the other person. Be careful of your body 4. .
第二节 听后转述
听第三遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,完成转述。
Dr. Maguire gives us some advice on how to deal with conflict...
答案
Dr. Maguire gives us some advice on how to deal with conflict.
Firstly, keep our mind clear. We should explain clearly what we want. We can try to use some real cases to help us, which will make us more convincing. If the other person can't understand us, the best thing is to repeat what we said in a different way.
Secondly, get to know the other person. We shouldn't act as if they are 100% wrong. We should find out what the other person wants, and why. As the saying goes, if we know ourselves and our enemy, we'll never lose a battle.
Finally, control our temper. When dealing with conflict, we should avoid shouting aloud to the other person. Also, we should be careful of our body language. When we are angry, our body language can make the other person misunderstand us even more.
二、朗读短文回答问题(改编自北师XB4U11 Writing Workshop)
朗读短文,根据短文内容口头回答问题。
In many countries, there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. In my opinion, we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food. That's because if children see fewer advertisements on TV of people smoking or drinking alcohol, they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour. Undoubtedly, unhealthy products harm our health. It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. The rate of obesity has increased greatly. In some countries, it is second only to smoking as a cause of death. In addition, drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases.
To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society. They help to save lives and improve the health of a nation.
Question 1: Why should we ban advertisements for any unhealthy products
Question 2: What is the danger of drinking alcohol
Question 3: What are the benefit of laws banning TV advertisements for unhealthy products
三、阅读表达(改编自北师XB4U11 Lesson 1)
Drummer Hits the Road
Ma Ming, drummer for the rock band “Storm”, had to pack his bags. He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.
Being single, Ma Ming often held parties at night, but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night. Ma Ming's neighbours said they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise. The flat owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer, he wouldn't have rented the flat to him. The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble when he moved in. And from then on, they rarely got a full night's sleep. They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears. One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on his teenage son.
In the end, the community council took action. “We took a vote, and came to a resolution. We gave Ma Ming a warning. We told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property,” a council member said. “Getting enough sleep is important for people's health and, after such a chorus of complaints, we had to take action.”
Ma Ming's departure has pleased his neighbours. “Life will go back to normal now,” they said.
For Ma Ming's version of the story, we found him in a hotel in Shanghai. Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced against him. He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”. Otherwise he didn't really mind having to leave the flat. “Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don't have to do my own washing! Anyhow, I'm now looking for a remote house on the edge of the city.”
1. Why did Ma Ming move out of his rented flat
2. What was Ma Ming's attitude towards the conflict
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The community council gave Ma Ming a warning and told him that he ought to drum during the day.
4. What do you think Ma Ming should do to deal with this conflict (In about 40 words)
四、话题写作(改编自外研B3U1 Understanding ideas)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,Jim在来信中提到他和好朋友闹矛盾了,因为他最好的朋友把他抱怨篮球队友的事情告诉了他人,导致他现在心情低落,不知该如何做。请你给他写一封回信,内容包括:
1. 表示安慰;
2. 提出解决方法。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
主题九 包容与合作
即练即清
一、选词填空
阅读下列句子,选择恰当的词或短语,并用其正确形式填空。其中有一项为多余选项。
A
incident request recovery edge ankle vote
1. When she retired, Craven was diagnosed with breast cancer, and was advised to swim as part of her . (2023海淀期末)
2. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are for more money to be sent from home.
3. A month before my first marathon, one of my was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.
4. Counting the took about five minutes, but it seemed like an hour for me. Captain of the cheerleaders is quite an honor. At least that's what I was expecting.
5. When you are lying in bed, you shouldn't blame yourself for having done this wrong or not having done that better, but look at your day and note when you made an effort to place a full stop after a(n) .
答案
1. recovery 2. requests 3. ankles 4. votes 5. incident
B
monitor recall withdraw call on get rid of be less exposed to
6. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers their heart rates and blood pressure. (2021北京)
7. We may want memories that cause nonadaptive responses, such as upsetting memories, so that we can respond to new experiences in more adaptive ways.
8. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. (2020北京)
9. Today, as I my experience with Motivos, I can proudly say, “I was a paid intern.” It paid me with something much more powerful and worthy than money: knowledge, opportunities, and experience that last forever.
10. The last thing I wanted to hear when my government sponsored scholarship
during my final year of college was: “Things are working out for your own good. Just give them some time.”
答案
6. monitored 7. to get rid of 8. are less exposed to 9. recall 10. was withdrawn
C
temporary literally permanent pleasant firmly remotely
11. Sava is a robot. She is controlled by a person through a camera inside the robot.
12. This book is about dying, but it is not pessimistic. Indeed, it was a surprise to find that this book is filled with joy and hope. (外研XB4U2)
13. Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a place to stay. Once you get here, you can look for longer term accommodation.
14. What I have found is that most of these families need repair, not break up. How else can one learn how to negotiate needs, to create boundaries and to trust
15. Ray Tokuda, a 54 year old Japanese American, is proud of the title his school has given him. He is a Shifu, a Chinese word meaning a master, mentor or senior practitioner of martial arts.
答案
11. remotely 12. pleasant 13. temporary 14. permanent 15. literally
二、词汇变形
阅读下列句子,用括号里所给词的正确形式填空。
16. Zero (tolerate) is something that is used for more severe behaviors.
17. Remember: Quieting a constant complainer can be (benefit) to both of you.
18. The older you are, the more likely you will come to a (resolve) after an argument. (2021北京)
19. There are 8 marked writing (assign) with feedback to help you improve your writing. (2023丰台二模)
20. In fact, stopping these (annoy) insects in their tracks could save up to half a million lives lost to diseases each year. (2023西城期末)
答案
16. tolerance 17. beneficial 18. resolution 19. assignments 20. annoying
能力提升练
一、听后记录并转述(改编自北师XB4U11 Lesson 2)
第一节 听后记录
听两遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上,每空只需填写一个词。
How to Deal with Conflict
Keep your mind clear 1. clearly what you want. Repeat what you said in a 2. way.
Get to know the other person Don't act as if they are 100% wrong. Find out what the other person 3. , and why.
Control your temper Avoid shouting aloud to the other person. Be careful of your body 4. .
答案
1. Explain 2. different 3. wants 4. language
第二节 听后转述
听第三遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,完成转述。
Dr. Maguire gives us some advice on how to deal with conflict...
答案
Dr. Maguire gives us some advice on how to deal with conflict.
Firstly, keep our mind clear. We should explain clearly what we want. We can try to use some real cases to help us, which will make us more convincing. If the other person can't understand us, the best thing is to repeat what we said in a different way.
Secondly, get to know the other person. We shouldn't act as if they are 100% wrong. We should find out what the other person wants, and why. As the saying goes, if we know ourselves and our enemy, we'll never lose a battle.
Finally, control our temper. When dealing with conflict, we should avoid shouting aloud to the other person. Also, we should be careful of our body language. When we are angry, our body language can make the other person misunderstand us even more.
二、朗读短文回答问题(改编自北师XB4U11 Writing Workshop)
朗读短文,根据短文内容口头回答问题。
In many countries, there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. In my opinion, we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food. That's because if children see fewer advertisements on TV of people smoking or drinking alcohol, they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour. Undoubtedly, unhealthy products harm our health. It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. The rate of obesity has increased greatly. In some countries, it is second only to smoking as a cause of death. In addition, drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases.
To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society. They help to save lives and improve the health of a nation.
Question 1: Why should we ban advertisements for any unhealthy products
Question 2: What is the danger of drinking alcohol
Question 3: What are the benefit of laws banning TV advertisements for unhealthy products
答案
1. Because if children see fewer advertisements on TV of people smoking or drinking alcohol, they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour.
2. Drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases.
3. They help to save lives and improve the health of a nation.
三、阅读表达(改编自北师XB4U11 Lesson 1)
Drummer Hits the Road
Ma Ming, drummer for the rock band “Storm”, had to pack his bags. He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.
Being single, Ma Ming often held parties at night, but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night. Ma Ming's neighbours said they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise. The flat owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer, he wouldn't have rented the flat to him. The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble when he moved in. And from then on, they rarely got a full night's sleep. They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears. One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on his teenage son.
In the end, the community council took action. “We took a vote, and came to a resolution. We gave Ma Ming a warning. We told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property,” a council member said. “Getting enough sleep is important for people's health and, after such a chorus of complaints, we had to take action.”
Ma Ming's departure has pleased his neighbours. “Life will go back to normal now,” they said.
For Ma Ming's version of the story, we found him in a hotel in Shanghai. Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced against him. He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”. Otherwise he didn't really mind having to leave the flat. “Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don't have to do my own washing! Anyhow, I'm now looking for a remote house on the edge of the city.”
1. Why did Ma Ming move out of his rented flat
2. What was Ma Ming's attitude towards the conflict
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The community council gave Ma Ming a warning and told him that he ought to drum during the day.
4. What do you think Ma Ming should do to deal with this conflict (In about 40 words)
答案
1. Because of complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.
2. Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced against him. He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”. Otherwise he didn't really mind having to leave the flat.
3. The community council gave Ma Ming a warning and told him that he ought to drum during the day.
According to the passage, the community council gave Ma Ming a warning and told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property.
4. One possible version:
First, he could negotiate with the community council and persuade them that he could drum during the day. What's more, he could also refit his room with something that stops the noise from spreading.
四、话题写作(改编自外研B3U1 Understanding ideas)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,Jim在来信中提到他和好朋友闹矛盾了,因为他最好的朋友把他抱怨篮球队友的事情告诉了他人,导致他现在心情低落,不知该如何做。请你给他写一封回信,内容包括:
1. 表示安慰;
2. 提出解决方法。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
One possible version:
Dear Jim,
Knowing that you are embarrassed and ashamed, I'm writing to help you.
It is understandable that you were angry in that situation, but you should always think before you speak. Here are some suggestions.
First, you should apologise to your teammate. If you ever want to win any more basketball games, you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts. So tell him directly and honestly that you were talking without thinking. Second, tell your friend your feelings and that you want to move on. What's more, think about your own behaviour. Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. This gives people the wrong signal. Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later.
If you think about other people's feelings as well as your own, you'll soon find everything works out.
Yours,
Li Hua
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