专题06 句子成分，句子中类，基本句型
句子成分
英语句子结构和成分是中学英语教学的重要内容，是理解文章的基础，广泛运用于阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空和写作中。
知识梳理
英语句子由多个部分构成，各部分在句子中起着不同的作用，这些构成句子的不同部分被称为句子成分。正确分析句子成分是英语成绩得高分的至关要素。
主要句子成分：主语(subject)---s； 谓语(predicate)---v
次要句子成分：宾语(object)---o； 定语(attribute)---attr； 状语(adverbial)---adv；
补语(complement)-c; 表语(predicative)---p； 同位语(Appositive)等。
主语
概念和位置：句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，通常位于句首。
充当：通常由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
语序：正常：主语+谓语; 全部倒装：谓语+主语; 部分倒装：情态动词/助动词+主语+实义动词。
David arrived last night.（名词作主语）
That's OK. （代词）
Two will be enough.（数词）
To do morning exercises is good for our health.（不定式）
Seeing is believing.（动名词）
The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country.（名词化的形容词）
What he said is not true.（主语从句）
谓语
概念和位置： 表示主语的动作或状态、谓语由动词充当，由简单谓语动词和复合谓语动词之分。
一般位于主语之后。
充当：一般由动词短语、系动词、动词、“情态动词/助动词+实义动词”结构等充当，谓语有时态与语态的变化，同时受到句子主语的单复数和人称的制约，如果主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。
(1)由单一动词V.做谓语 We are Chinese.
(2)情态V + V原 He can speak English well.
(3)助V +V I have seen this man before.
宾语
概念：表示及物动词和及物动词短语的动作对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；有的动词后可以跟两个宾语，其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语，把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语。
位置: 位于及物动词或介词之后。
充当：通常由名词、数词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。
名词或相当于名词的短语I accepted your wise advice.
2.代词或相当于代词的短语All of us like him.
3.数词或数词短语Give me four.
4. the + 形容词表示一类人They teach the blind to read.
5.不定式或不定式短语He began to learn English a year ago./He did not know what to say.
6.动名词或动名词短语He is used to working at night./This book is worth reading.
7.从句I think that he is right./I wonder if you'd like to go with us.
表语
概念: 说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与系动词一起构成复合谓语。
位置：位于系动词之后。
充当：通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等充当。
1.形容词I feel much better today.
2.代词The book is mine.
3.名词或名词所有格They are my students.
4.数词His telephone number is 88888888.
5.副词They are over there.
6.介词短语They are in trouble.
7.不定式短语My dream is to go to college.
8.动词ing短语His hobby is collecting stamps.
9.过去分词短语My camera is broken.
10.从句The truth is what he said just now.
定语
概念：修饰或限定名词或代词的成分叫定语；
位置: 定语有前置定语和后置定语。形容词、数词、代词、名词等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之前，但是在修饰any-，some-，no， every-等构成的单词，如something 等时，应放于这些复合不定代词之后进行修饰。动词不定式、副词、介词短语、从句等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之后。
充当：定语通常由形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词或名词所有格、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句充当。
1.形容词或相同于形容词的结构He is a kind-hearted man./He is a 15-year-old student.
2.冠词或代词This book is Mine./The boy was Tom./My father was washing his car.
3.名词或名词所有格He bought a coffee cup yesterday./He is Tom's father.
4.数词Three boys are running along the bank./You are the first one here.
5.副词The boy there needs a pen./He is on his way home.
6.介词短语Do you know the boy in the first row /The girl in a dress is his sister.
7.不定式短语I have a lot of work to do./ The boy to write this letter needs a pen.
8.动词ing短语Let me tell you a moving story./Horses are grass-eating animals./The smiling boy needs a pen.
9.过去分词短语 The boy needs a pen bought by his mother./In the fall we can see a lot of fallen leaves.
10.从句The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important.
状语
概念：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较、伴随、条件、程度、让步等。状语位置灵活。
位置: 修饰整个句子时放于句首;修饰形容词或副词时放于其后;表时间、目的、地点状语时常放于主句之前或之后，若强调时则应放于主句之前;频度副词如almost、often 等作状语常放于be 动词、情态动词之后，放于实义动词之前。
充当：通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、形容词和从句等充当。
1.副词或副词短语作状语He speaks English very well.
2.介词短语作状语The boy was praised for his bravery.
3.动词不定式短语The box is too heavy for me to lift.
4.动词ing短语Wearing a pair of sunglasses, he went out .
5.过去分词短语Written in a hurry， the article was not so good.
6.从句作状语If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.
补语
概念和位置：有些及物动词的宾语后需要添加部分内容对宾语进行补充说明，补语有两种，分别是主语补足语、宾语补足语，用来对主语或宾语进行补充说明。
充当：常由形容词、名词、不定式、分词、副词等充当。高考英语试题主要考查非谓语动词作补足语的语法。
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more meaningful.（形容词做宾补）
We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and an early return to China.（名词短语作宾补）
Lijiang will make the Chinese culture better known to British students. （过去分词短语作宾补）
同位语
概念和位置：对句子中某一名词（词组）做进一步解释、说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。充当：同位语可用名词、代词、名词短语、同位语从句等充当。
1. This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. (名词)
My friend, Mary, bought a beautiful dress in the department last weekend. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
主语 同位语 谓语 定语 宾语 地点状语 时间状语
句子成分
1. Sometimes when I miss her, I search for the songs she used to play on the Internet.
A. 定语 B. 状语 C. 宾语 D. 主语
【答案】B
【解析】句意：有时当我想念她时，我会在网上搜索她以前播放的歌曲。
考查句子成分。分析句子可知，划线部分是when引导的时间状语从句。故选B。
2. He will be known for his achievements and realize his dream some day.
A. 宾语 B. 谓语 C. 定语 D. 主语
【答案】B
【解析】句意：总有一天，他会因自己的成就而出名，并实现自己的梦想。
考查句子成分。分析句子可知，He是主语，will be known是谓语。故选B。
3. The beef noodles in this restaurant taste delicious.
A. 表语 B. 谓语 C. 状语 D. 主语
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这家饭馆的牛肉面味道很好。
考查句子成分。taste“尝起来”，是系动词，后加形容词delicious作表语。故选A。
4. Cindy plans to watch Days of Our Past tonight.
A. 表语 B. 定语 C. 宾语 D. 谓语
【答案】C
【解析】句意：Cindy今晚打算看《逝去的时光》。
考查句子成分。分析句子“Cindy plans to watch Days of Our Past tonight.”可知，Cindy为主语，plans为谓语动词，to watch为动词plan的宾语，Days of Our Past为watch的宾语，tonight为状语。故选C。
5. I go to the movies once a month.
A. 主语 B. 谓语 C. 宾语 D. 状语
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我一个月去看一次电影。
考查句子成分。I作主语；go to the movies是整体作谓语；once a month作状语。故选D。
6. There is a little milk in the cup.
A. 表语 B. 定语 C. 主语 D. 宾语
【答案】C
【解析】句意：杯子里有一点牛奶。
考查句子成分。There is a little milk in the cup.是there be句型，主语是a little milk，in the cup是介词短语作状语，故选C。
7. Sun Cinema is the best because you can sit the most comfortably.
A. 状语 B. 宾语 C. 定语 D. 谓语
【答案】A
【解析】句意：太阳电影院是最好的，因为你坐得最舒服。
考查句子成分。分析句子可知，划线部分修饰动词sit，为副词最高级，在句子中作状语。故选A。
8. Which of the following sentences has an Object Complement（OC）
A. Earth has lost 50%of wildlife in the past 40 years. B. Animals feel pain like humans.
C. We feel wildlife the beauty of nature. D. We can stand up for wildlife.
【答案】C
【解析】句意：下面句子哪个有宾语补足语？
考查句子成分。Earth has lost 50%of wildlife in the past 40 years.在过去的40年里，地球失去了50%的野生动物，句子中有主语，谓语，宾语和时间状语；Animals feel pain like humans.动物和人一样会感觉到疼痛，句子中有主语，谓语，宾语和方式状语；We feel wildlife the beauty of nature.我们觉得野生动物是自然之美，句子中有主语，谓语，宾语和宾语补足语；We can stand up for wildlife.我们可以为野生动物发声，句子中有主语，谓语和宾语。因此在选项C的句子中，the beauty of nature在句中作补足语。故选C。
9. I really enjoyed walking around the town.
A. 谓语 B. 表语 C. 状语 D. 宾语
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我真的很喜欢在镇上散步。
考查句子成分。划线部分“walking”是动名词，在句中作宾语，故选D。
10. The teacher said that he would go there on time.
A. 宾语 B. 主语 C. 表语 D. 谓语
【答案】A
【解析】句意：老师说他会准时去那里。
考查句子成分。这个句子的主干是“主谓宾”结构。The teacher（老师）作主语, said（说）作谓语, that he would go there on time（他会准时去那里）是宾语从句充当宾语。故这句话的划线部分是宾语。 故选A。
11. Eating too much is bad for your health.
A. 表语 B. 主语 C. 宾语 D. 谓语
【答案】B
【解析】句意：吃得太多对你的健康有害。
考查句子成分。Eating too much“吃得太多”；分析句子结构可知，划线部分是动名词短语在句中作主语，因此B选项符合题意。故选B。
12. These factories should be closed because of their serious pollution.
A. 定语 B. 状语 C. 宾语 D. 表语
【答案】B
【解析】句意：由于这些工厂的污染严重，这些工厂应该关闭。
考查句子成分。because of是介词短语，后跟名词、代词等构成介宾短语，作状语，所以划线部分应是作状语。故选B。
二、写出画线部分的句子成分
1. My father is an engineer. ________
2. He feels good. ________
3. She missed the school bus because she got up late. ________
4. I have been to Beijing. ________
5. Passengers in the station are in a mess. ________
6. The vase was knocked off the desk broken. ________
7. Shopping online is usually cheaper. ________
8. Would you mind opening the window ________
9. She is on a diet. ________
10. He didn't help the boy. ________
【答案】1.定语 my 做father的定语。 2. 表语 3.状语。原因状语从句。 4.谓语 5.定语。介词短语作定语。6.宾语补助语 7.主语 动名词做主语。 8.宾语 9.表语 10.谓语
基本句型
简单句的基本句型在近年来中考英语中没有直接考查，而且安徽中考英语中从没有叫学生分析句子结构的考核。但是词义辨析、非谓语动词的习惯用法、主谓一致等等都会涉及到句子结构，复合句的理解更是以简单句为基础，书面表达也需要学生能掌握简单句的基本结构，从而写出正确的句子。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓）
基本句型二： Ｓ +link-Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
基本句型三： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型一：Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。例如：
1.Time flies.
2. Everybody laughed.
3. I woke very soon.
4. They talked for half an hour.
5. He walked yesterday .
基本句型二：Ｓ +link-Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型句子谓语动词不能独立表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：
(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。
(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove等。
1. This is an English dictionary.
2. The dinner smells good.
3. Everything looks different.
4. He is tall and strong.
5. The weather became warmer.
基本句型三：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
1. Who knows the answer
2. She laugh at her.
3. Danny likes donuts.
基本句型四：Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。
1. She passed him a new dress.
2. He brought you a dictionary.
3. He bought her nothing.
4. I gave him a hand.
5. I told me how to run the machine.
基本句型五：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
1. We keep the table clean.
2. They call supper dinner.
3. What makes him sad
4. We saw him out.
5. He asked me to come back soon.
6. I saw them getting on the bus.
基本句型练习题
1. —Mary, could you tell me the structure of the sentence “The good news made me happy.”
—OK. It’s ________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+DO+IO C. S+V+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——玛丽，你能告诉我“The good news made me happy.”这句话的结构吗？——好的。它是主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语。
考查句子结构。The good news是主语；made是谓语；me是宾语；happy是宾补。故选D。
2. Which of the following sentence has the same structure as “It is getting dark.”
A. He bought me a gift. B. The fish tastes good.
C. The boys are playing basketball. D. My mom buys me a basketball.
【答案】B
【解析】句意：下面哪个句子和“天正在变黑”有相同的结构？
考查句子结构。He bought me a gift.句子结构是主谓双宾；The fish tastes good.句子结构是主系表；The boys are playing basketball.句子结构是主谓宾；My mom buys me a basketball.句子结构是主谓双宾。所给句子“It is getting dark.”的结构是主系表。故选B。
3. Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S+V+IO+DO”
A. Autumn leaves turn brown. B. Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat.
C. I found him very interesting. D. Tommy does some reading every day.
【答案】B
【解析】句意：以下句子哪个是“主+谓+间宾+直宾”的结构？
考查句型结构。Autumn leaves turn brown.主+系+表；Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat.主+谓+间宾+直宾；I found him very interesting.主+谓+宾+宾补；Tommy does some reading every day.主+谓+宾+状。故选B。
4. Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Snow makes children feel excited.”
A. The ground becomes white. B. Children make a snowman together.
C. Snow brings children lots of fun. D. You can see children play happily.
【答案】D
【解析】句意：下面哪个句子和“雪使孩子感到激动”有一样的句子结构？
考查句子结构。选项A是系表结构；选项B是动宾结构；选项C是双宾语结构；选项D是宾语和宾语补足语结构。所给句子“Snow makes children feel excited”是宾语和宾语补足语结构，其中snow是主语；谓语动词是makes；children是宾语；feel excited是宾语补足语。故选D。
5. — What’s the structure of the sentence “He is flying a kite now.”
— It is ________.
A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+O D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——“他正在放风筝”这句话的结构是什么？——它是主谓宾结构。
考查句子结构。分析“He is flying a kite now.”可知，时态是现在进行时，He是主语，is flying是谓语，a kite是宾语，now是时间状语，所以这句话的结构是“主+谓+宾”。故选C。
6. What is the sentence structure of “You can find the answer to the question easily.”
A. S+V+P. B. S+V+DO+OC. C. S+V+IO+DO. D. S+V+O.
【答案】D
【解析】句意：下面哪个是“You can find the answer to the question easily.”的句型结构？
考查基本句型。S+V+P主系表；S+V+DO+OC主谓+直接宾语+宾语补足语；S+V+IO+DO主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+O主谓宾。You是主语，find是谓语动词，the answer to the question是宾语，所以本句符合主谓宾结构，故选D。
7. What is the sentence structure of “I offered my classmates some pink pencils”
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“I offered my classmates some pink pencils”的句子结构是什么？
考查句子结构。I作主语；offered作谓语；my classmates作间接宾语；some pink pencils作直接宾语，因此句子结构为：S+V+IO+DO。故选C。
8. The sentence structure (结构) of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.” is ________.
A. S+V+DO B. S+V+P C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+IO+DO
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“Eddie is watching Hobo work.”的句子结构是S+V+DO+OC。
考查句子结构。分析句子可知，Eddie是主语，is watching是谓语，Hobo是宾语，work是宾语补足语。故选C。
9. The sentence structure of “My grandpa always walks his dog in the morning.” is ________.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+DO+IO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“My grandpa always walks his dog in the morning.”的句子结构是S+V+O。
考查句子结构。分析句子可知，My grandpa作主语，walks作谓语，his dog作宾语，in the morning作时间状语，故句子结构为：主谓宾。故选B。
10. The sentence structure of “Our teachers always make their classes lively.” is _______.
A. S+V+O B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“我们的老师总是使他们的课生动活泼”的句式是主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语。
考查句子结构。S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+P主语+连系动词+表语。根据“Our teachers always make their classes lively.”可知，our teachers作主语；always作状语；make作谓语；their classes作宾语；lively作宾语补足语。故本句属于“S+V+DO+OC”结构。故选B。
11. The structure of the sentence “The story sounds very interesting.” is ________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】A
【解析】句意：“这个故事听起来很有趣”这句话的结构是主系表。
考查句子结构。The story是主语；sounds是系动词作谓语；very interesting是表语，所以这句话的结构是“主+系+表”。故选A。
12. What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “His father bought him an e-dictionary.”
A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V D. S+V+O+OC
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“His father bought him an e-dictionary.”这个句子的句型是什么？
考查简单句的基本句型。His father主语，bought谓语，him间接宾语，an e-dictionary直接宾语。故这句话句型为“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。故选B。
13. —What’s the structure of the sentence “It was snowing heavily at this time yesterday”
—It is ________.
A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+IO+OC
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——“昨天这个时候下着大雪”这句话的结构是什么？——是主谓结构。
考查句子结构。分析句子可知，it作主语；was snowing作谓语；heavily为副词，作状语；at this time yesterday为时间状语。故句子的结构是主谓结构。故选A。
二、连词成句
1. pocket money, cost, the latest helicopter model, the little boy, a lot of
.
【答案】The latest helicopter model cost the little boy a lot of pocket money
2. sure, landed, the hills, I’m, near, something, in the forest (连词成句)
.
【答案】I’m sure something landed in the forest near the hills
3. Australia, Canberra, the, capital, of, is, city
.
【答案】Canberra is the capital city of Australia
4. make, to, easily, don’t, others, promises (.)
.
【答案】Don’t make promises to others easily
5. one of, the, traditional, it, festivals, in, is, China
.
【答案】It is one of the traditional festivals in China
6. is，family，on，my，the，desk，photo
.
【答案】My family photo is on the desk
7. swimming; I; playing basketball; and; am good at
.
【答案】I am good at playing basketball and swimming/I am good at swimming and playing basketball
8. a, has booked, trip to Hangzhou, Betty, on the Internet, two-day
.
【答案】Betty has booked a two-day trip to Hangzhou on the Internet
9. are, here, many, every, tourists, summer, there
.
【答案】There are many tourists here every summer
10. football, often, school, his, with, after, classmates, plays, Ben
.
【答案】Ben often plays football after school with his classmates/Ben often plays football with his classmates after school
11. carefully, in the street, Kitty and Ben, walked
.
【答案】Kitty and Ben walked carefully in the street
12. an animal, the Olympic mascot, often, a, national, is, feature, with
.
【答案】The Olympic mascot is often an animal with a national feature
13. language; body; her; is; welcome; feel; making; people; they; so; for; go; to; her; help; (,)
.
【答案】Her body language is making people feel welcome, so they go to her for help
14. the staffs, the secretary, the meetings, always, to attend, on time, reminds
.
【答案】The secretary always reminds the staffs to attend the meetings on time
15. the first, an abacus, one of, calculating machines, was
.
【答案】An abacus was one of the first calculating machines
三、根据括号内的句子成分提示，将下列句子 翻译成英文。
1.我昨天收到了 一份礼物。 (S+V+O+A)
【答案】We received a gift yesterday.
2.我父亲将会给我买一台新手机。(S+V+IO+DO)
【答案】My father will buy me a new mobile phone.
3.他成为了一名科学家。 (S+V+C)
【答案】He has become a scientist.
4.这条消息让她开心了。 (S+V+O+C)
【答案】The news made her happy.
5. 凯特给他送去许多书。 (S+V+DO+IO)
【答案】Kate sent many books to him.
6. 我不知道该做什么？（S+V+O）
【答案】I don’t know what to do.
句子种类
句子类型分为4种：在中考题型中，感叹句和疑问句考得最多。特别疑问句，疑问词的用法是最重要的考题之一。
1. (2023·广州)他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊！
They won the Championship of Guangdong Darts Match, too. ________________________ project it is!
【答案】What a wonderful
【解析】根据题干可知此处是一个感叹句。中心词为可数名词project“项目”，符合结构：What+ a/an+形容词+主语+谓语。project是以辅音音素开头，应用a；wonderful“极好的”。故填What a wonderful。
2.(2023·江苏南通). ________ it was to see the main sights of the world in the World Park!
A How amazing day B. How an amazing day
C. What amazing day D. What an amazing day
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在世界公园里看到世界的主要景点是多么美妙的一天啊！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数day，用感叹句结构：What a/an adj. n.+主谓。故选D。
3.(2023·江苏宿迁). —China won all the gold medals at the 2023 World Table Tennis Championships.
—______ exciting news!
A. What a B. How a C. How D. What
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——中国包揽了2023年世乒赛的所有金牌。——多么令人兴奋的消息啊！
考查感叹句，感叹句的中心词news是不可数名词，此处用“What+形容词+不可数名词”结构。故选D。
4.(2023·江苏徐州) 4Please move your car away, sir. This is “________” area.
A. No smoking B. No parking C. No swimming D. No littering
【答案】B
【解析】句意：先生，请把您的车开走。这里是“禁止停车”区域。
考查情景交际。祈使句表示请求、命令。No smoking禁止吸烟；No parking禁止停车；No swimming禁止游泳；No littering禁止乱扔垃圾。根据“Please move your car away”可知，要把车开走，所以是禁止停车，故选B。
5.(2023·甘肃) ________ trying and do your best.
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept
【答案】A
【解析】句意：继续努力，尽你最大的努力。
考查祈使句。根据“and do your best”可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。
6. (2023·连云港) —________ have you been a member of the Youth League
—For three years.
A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How far
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你成为共青团员有多长时间了？——三年了。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多久，多长；How many多少；How often多久一次；How far多远。根据答句“For three years.”可知询问时长应用how long来提问。故选A。
7. (2023·江苏南通). —Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre from this hotel
—It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.
A. how far B. how long C. how soon D. how much
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——对不起，庚戌剧院离这家旅馆有多远？——如果你坐出租车大约需要十分钟。
考查特殊疑问句。how far多远；how long多长时间；how soon多久之后；how much多少钱。根据“It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.”可知此处询问距离，疑问词用how far。故选A。
8. (2023·甘肃) —________ do you learn these words by heart
—By using them in different ways.
A. When B. How C. Why D. Where
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你是怎么把这些单词背下来的？——通过以不同的方式使用它们。
考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；where哪里。根据“By using them...”可知此处询问方式，疑问词用how。故选B。
句子种类 用 法 示 例
1. 陈述句 用来陈述事实或表达说话者看法的句子。句末用句号。有肯定句和否定句两种形式。 This is a beautiful garden. 这是一座漂亮的花园。 We didn’t go to school yesterday. 我们昨天没上学。
2. 疑问句 用来提问的句子。句末用问号。有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种，初中阶段要求掌握前三种。
（1）一般疑问句 用yes或no回答的问句。 Are you a student 你是学生吗？ Do you like singing 你喜欢唱歌吗？
（2）特殊疑问句 需要使用相应的疑问词来提问。常见的疑问词：what什么，what time几点，when何时，where何地，why为什么，which哪个，who谁，whom（宾格）谁，whose谁的，how如何，how old多大年纪，how much多少，how many多少，how often多久一次，how far多远，how long多久，how soon多久以后 Who is your English teacher 你们的英语老师是谁？ How many people are there in your family 你家里有几口人？ Which bike is yours 哪辆单车是你的？ How did you get there 你怎么到那儿的？ Whose book is on the floor 谁的书在地板上？ How long have you studied English 你学英语多久了？
（3）选择疑问句 选择部分由连词or连接。 What would you like, tea or coffee 你想喝什么，茶还是咖啡？ Are you going to the cinema or the library 你是去电影院还是图书馆？
3. 祈使句 表示请求、命令、要求、建议等的句子。通常不用主语，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。 否定形式：Don’t / Never+动词原形+其他。 为了使语气显得客气，可在句首或者句尾加上please。please在句尾时，前面一般要加一个逗号。 Listen to me carefully. 仔细听我讲。 Be quiet! 安静！ Don’t talk loud in the library. 别在图书馆里大声喧哗。 Never swim in the river. 不要在河里游泳。 Please come this way. 请这边走。 Sit down, please. 请坐。
4. 感叹句 表示惊喜、愤怒、赞赏等感情的句子。多用what和how引导，句末用感叹号。
（1）what引导的感叹句（中心词是名词） ·What + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！ ·What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)！ ·What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)！ What a lovely girl she is! 她是个多可爱的女孩啊！ What an interesting book it is! 这是一本多么有趣的书啊！ What beautiful flowers they are! 这些花多么漂亮呀！ What nice weather we have today! 今天天气真好！
（2）how引导的感叹句（中心词是形容词或副词） ·How+形容词(+主语+谓语)！ ·How+副词(+主语+谓语)！ How dirty your hands are! 你的手太脏啦！ How fast the boy is running! 那个男孩跑得真快！
一、选择填空
1. Mike ________ a basketball but he ________ a baseball.
A. has; not have B. has; doesn’t have C. has; doesn’t has D. has; isn’t have
【答案】B
【解析】句意：迈克有一个篮球，但他没有棒球。
考查主谓一致和否定句。第一空主语是第三人称单数Mike，动词用三单形式has；第二句中的have是实义动词，表示否定，应借助助动词，主语是第三人称单数he，助动词用doesn’t，后跟动词原形have。故选B。
2. —________ is the sports watch
—The red one on the shelf Oh, it’s 10 dollars.
A. What color B. Where C. How much D. What
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——这只运动表多少钱？——架子上那只红色的？哦，它是10美元。
考查特殊疑问句。What color什么颜色；Where哪里；How much多少钱；What什么。根据“Oh, it’s 10 dollars.”可知，上文询问的是价格。故选C。
3. —______ does your school have a trip this term
—On January 21.
A. What B. Why C. Who D. When
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你们学校这学期的旅行在什么时候？—— 1月21日。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么 ；Why为什么；Who谁；When何时。根据回答“On January 21.”可知，此处问的是时间，应用when提问，故选D。
4. —_________ homework does he do every day
—About half an hour of homework on each subject.
A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How soon
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——他每天做多少家庭作业？——每门课大约半小时的作业。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How much多少；How soon多久以后。根据“About half an hour of homework on each subject.”可知对家庭作业的量进行提问，用How much。故选C。
5. —________ is the bag of rice
—It’s five kilos.
A. How many B. How much C. How heavy D. How long
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——这袋大米多重？——它是五公斤。
考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，后跟可数名词复数；How much多少，后跟不可数名词；How heavy多重；How long多长。根据“It’s five kilos.”可知，这是在说这袋大米的重量，所以选项C符合语境。故选C。
6. —________ is the letter from
—It’s from England.
A. Who B. Where C. What D. When
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——这封信是从哪里来的？——它来自英国。
考查特殊疑问句。Who谁；Where哪里；What什么；When什么时候。根据答语“It’s from England.”可知，此处询问地点。故选B。
7. — ________ are the books
—They are 59 yuan.
A. What number B. What color C. How old D. How much
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——这些书多少钱？——59元。
考查疑问词辨析。What number什么号码；What color什么颜色；How old多大年龄；How much多少钱；根据“They are 59 yuan.”可知，设空处询问价格，故选D。
8. —________
—It’s Tuesday the first.
A. What day is it today？ B. What’s the date today C. What’s today D. When’s today
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——今天是什么日子？——今天是1号，星期二。
考查特殊疑问句。What day is it today 今天星期几？What’s the date today 今天几号？What’s today 今天是什么日子？When’s today 错误表达。根据“It’s Tuesday the first.”可知既询问星期也询问日期。故选C。
9. —________ will your grandmother come back from the hospital
—In one week.
A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How much
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你奶奶多久从医院回来？——一周后。
考查特殊疑问句。how long多长时间；how soon多久之后；how often多久一次；how much多少钱。根据“In one week”可知此处询问多久之后，疑问词用how soon。故选B。
10. E-mail is very popular today. People hardly send letters, ________
A. did they B. do they C. didn’t they D. don’t they
【答案】B
【解析】句意：现在电子邮件很受欢迎。人们几乎不发信件了，是吗？
考查反意疑问句。根据“People hardly send letters, ... ”可知，此处是反意疑问句，要遵循“前否后肯，前肯后否”的原则。句中hardly是否定副词，因此反意部分要用肯定形式，排除C、D选项；结合“send”可知，时态是一般现在时，助动词用do。故选B。
11. —________ honey do we need to make fruit salad
—Just a spoon.
A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我们需要多少蜂蜜来做水果沙拉？——只要一勺。
考查特殊疑问句。how many多少，询问可数名词复数的数量；how much多少，询问不可数名词的数量；how long多长时间；how far多远。根据“Just a spoon”可知此处询问不可数名词honey的数量，用how much。故选B。
12. —Does your sister have a football
—________. But she has a baseball.
A. Yes, she does B. Yes, she is C. No, she doesn’t D. No, she isn’t
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你姐姐有足球吗？——不，她没有。但是她有一个棒球。
考查一般疑问句。问句用“Does”提问，答语用does/doesn’t，排除BD；根据答语“But she has a baseball.”可知，前后句意转折，所以此处作否定回答。故选C。
13. ________ afraid of making mistakes and just have a try.
A. Don’t being B. Don’t be C. Not be
【答案】B
【解析】句意：不要害怕犯错误，试一试吧。
考查祈使句的否定。根据题干和选项可知，此处是祈使句的否定形式，结构为Don’t+动词原形。故选B。
14. —Don’t forget to take an umbrella with you. It’ll rain this afternoon.
—________. I will take the raincoat you bought me last week.
A. No, I don’t B. Yes, I do C. No, I won’t D. Yes, I will
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——别忘了带把伞。今天下午会下雨。——我不会忘的。我会带上你上周给我买的雨衣。
考查祈使句的回答。根据“I will take the raincoat you bought me last week.”可知，答话人不会忘记带雨具，所以应该用否定回答；答语是针对祈使句作出的回答，应该用一般将来时。故选C。
15. ________fun we had at the party yesterday! Thank you for inviting us.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们昨天在聚会上玩得多开心啊！谢谢你邀请我们。
考查感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，其构成分别为“What (a/an)+形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)!”，“How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!”句中“fun”为不可数名词，应用what引导感叹句。故选C。
16. ________ helpful advice you gave us on protecting personal information the other day!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. How
【答案】A
【解析】句意：那天你在保护个人信息方面给了我们多么有用的建议啊！
考查感叹句。根据标点可知，此处是感叹句。根据“advice”为不可数名词可知，此感叹句的结构为What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语。故选A。
17. _______ exciting football game!
A. How B. What a C. What an D. How an
【答案】C
【解析】句意：多么激动人心的足球比赛啊！
考查感叹句。根据“exciting football game”可知，该句是what引导的感叹句，其结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓”，exciting为元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an，故选C。
18. Thousands of people come to visit Kunming every year. ________ beautiful city my hometown is!
A. How B. How a C. What a D. What
【答案】C
【解析】句意：每年都有成千上万的人来昆明旅游。我的家乡是一个多么美丽的城市啊！
考查感叹句。中心词city是可数名词的单数形式，用what引导的感叹句结构：What+ a/an+形容词+名词的单数形式+主谓，故选C。
19. — ________ exciting the party was!
—Yes. It was ________ exciting that I would never forget it.
A. What an; such B. How; such an C. What; so D. How; so
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——聚会是多么令人兴奋！——是的。这是一个令人激动的聚会，我永远不会忘记它。
考查感叹句以及so...that引导的结果状语从句。感叹句一般有两种结构：what +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语，名词是复数或不可数名词时，不加a/an。how+形容词+主语+谓语。第一个句子是感叹句，中心词是形容词exciting，所以用how引导；第二个句子是结果状语从句，根据“exciting”可知此处用结构“so+adj./adv.+ that从句”。故选D。
20. —______ cold weather it is!
—Yes, it is. I hope it will be warmer later.
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——多么冷的天气啊！——是的。我希望以后会变暖和些。
考查感叹句用法。cold weather意为“冷天气”，中心词为名词weather，且为不可数名词，需用what来引导感叹句，其结构为：What+adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语。故选B。
21. —________ wonderful the school art festival is! I hope to attend it next year.
—You can. It’s our school tradition.
A. How a B. What C. What a D. How
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——学校的艺术节真是太棒了！我希望明年能参加。 ——你可以的。这是我们学校的传统。
考查感叹句。根据“wonderful the school art festival is!”可知，句子为感叹句，中心词是形容词wonderful ，the school art festival是主语，is是谓语，符合“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”句型，因此这里应用how引导感叹句。故选D。
22. —________ amazing Michael Jackson’s musical talent was!
—Exactly. He was the King of Pop.
A. How B. What C. How an D. What an
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——迈克尔·杰克逊的音乐天赋是多么令人惊叹！——一点儿没错。他是流行音乐之王。
考查感叹句。根据“amazing Michael Jackson’s musical talent was”可知本句中心词是形容词amazing，满足感叹句的结构how+形容词+主谓，故选A。
23. —We went boating on Lugu Lake and enjoyed the beautiful scenery last vacation.
—_______ wonderful memory it was!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我们上个假期去泸沽湖划船，欣赏了美丽的风景。——那是多么美好的回忆啊！
考查感叹句。根据答语可知，句中的单数名词memory是句子中心词，应用结构What a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语！故选B。
24. The robot can help us sweep the floor. ________ useful invention it is!
A. How B. How a C. What an D. What a
【答案】D
【解析】句意：机器人可以帮助我们扫地。这是多么有用的发明啊！
考查感叹句。根据“... useful invention it is!”可知，此句为感叹句，中心词是单数可数名词invention，用句型：What+ a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语；useful是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故选D。
25. ________ special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.
A. What a B. What an C. What D. How
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们上了多么特别的课啊! 我们学到了很多关于剪纸的知识。
考查感叹句。感叹句中what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。该句中心词为classes，是名词复数，符合感叹句结构“What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语”，故选C。
26. — Charlie, I have never been to Harbin Ice and Snow World.
— ________, but I plan to go there this winter vacation.
A. So have I B. Neither have I C. Nor do I D. Neither I have
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——查理，我从来没去过哈尔滨冰雪大世界。——我也没有，但是我打算这个寒假去那里。
考查倒装句。根据“Charlie, I have never been to Harbin Ice and Snow World.”可知，句中含有否定副词never，表示上文否定情况同样适用于下文的人或物，用neither/nor+助动词+主语，再根据上文“have never been”及主语I可知，此处助动词用have。故选B。
27. —Taian is really a comfortable city to live in.
—________. And it’s world-famous for Mount Tai.
A. So it does B. So it is C. So is it D. So does it
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——泰安真的是一个很宜居的城市。——的确如此。它以泰山闻名于世。
考查倒装句。so +主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词：某某确实如此，与上文是同一人。So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语：某某也如此，与上文不是同一人。这些句式在时态上与前一个句子相同。根据“And it’s world-famous for Mount Tai.”可知，此处是在赞同上文的观点，结合“Taian is really a comfortable city to live in.”，可知，应用So it is“的确如此”。故选B。
28. —I don’t like horror films. They’re terrible. What about you
— ______. They seem to be full of mysteries, but in fact, they’re quite stupid.
A. Neither do I B. Either do I C. So do I D. So don’t I
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我不喜欢恐怖电影，它们太吓人了。你呢？——我也是。它们似乎充满了神秘，但事实上它们相当愚蠢。
考查倒装句的用法。根据“I don’t like horror films.”可知，这个句子是否定句，由“They are quite stupid.”可知此处表示也不喜欢恐怖电影，用“neither+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构，再由“I don’t like horror films.”可知此处用助动词do。故选A。
29. Gina and I are good friends. If she doesn’t agree on the plan, ________.
A. so do I B. neither do I C. so will I D. neither will I
【答案】D
【解析】句意：吉娜和我是好朋友。如果她不同意这个计划，我也不会同意。
考查倒装句以及时态。so do I我也同意；neither do I我也不同意；so will I我也将同意；neither will I我也将不同意。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，根据“she doesn’t agree…”可知，从句为一般现在时，则主句应用一般将来时，排除A和B；根据“If she doesn’t agree on the plan”可知，此处是指她不同意这个计划，我也不同意，用结构neither will I。故选D。
30.(2023·甘肃) ________ trying and do your best.
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept
【答案】A
【解析】句意：继续努力，尽你最大的努力。
考查祈使句。根据“and do your best”可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。
31.(2023·辽宁一模) — _______ late for school again, Tim! — Sorry, I promise that I _______.
A. Don’t; won’t B. Don’t be; won’t C. Don’t be; don’t D. Don’t; will
【答案】A
【解析】祈使句：Be +表语（名词或形容词）+其他成分。答案选A
32. __________ your umbrella, or you’ll catch a cold on such a rainy day.
A. Take B. To take C. Taking D. Taken
【答案】A
【解析】句意：带上你的雨伞，否则在这样的雨天你会感冒的。这是一个祈使句，动词用原形。
33.Please . The boy is studying.
A. not noisy B. don’t noisy C. not to be noisy D. don’t be noisy
【答案】D
【解析】祈使句否定句。Don’t +动词原形。或Don’t / Never +be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他成分。故答案选D
34. 　　　　 more books, and you will improve your reading skills.
A. Reading B. Read C . Reads D. To read
【答案】B　
【解析】句意:多读书,你就会提高你的阅读技能。前半句是表示建议、劝告的祈使句。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头。故选B。
35. (2023·江苏南通). —Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre from this hotel
—It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.
A. how far B. how long C. how soon D. how much
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——对不起，庚戌剧院离这家旅馆有多远？——如果你坐出租车大约需要十分钟。
考查特殊疑问句。how far多远；how long多长时间；how soon多久之后；how much多少钱。根据“It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.”可知此处询问距离，疑问词用how far。故选A。
36. (2023·甘肃) —________ do you learn these words by heart
—By using them in different ways.
A. When B. How C. Why D. Where
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你是怎么把这些单词背下来的？——通过以不同的方式使用它们。
考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；where哪里。根据“By using them...”可知此处询问方式，疑问词用how。故选B。
37.(2023·江苏无锡) ________ is your hometown I can’t find it anywhere on the map.
A. What B. Which C. When D. Where
【答案】D
【解析】句意：你的家乡在哪里？我在地图上找不到它。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；Which哪一个；When什么时候；Where哪里。根据“I can’t find it anywhere on the map.”可知，此处指询问家乡的位置，应用where提问。故选D。
38.(2023·辽宁抚顺) — ________ have you been a member of the football team
—For two years.
A. How much B. How often C. How many D. How long
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你当足球队队员多久了？——两年了。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少钱；How often多久一次；How many多少；How long多久。根据答语“For two years.”可知，对时长提问，故选D。
39.(2023·吉林长春) — _______ do you visit your grandparents
— Once a week. I play chess with them every Sunday evening.
A. How often B. How much C. How long D. How far
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你多久拜访你的爷爷奶奶一次？——一周一次。我每个星期天晚上都和他们下棋。
考查疑问词组。How often多久一次；How much多少（钱）；How long多久；How far多远。根据“Once a week.”可知对频率提问，用How often。故选A。
40. There were few new words in the English competition for your daughter, ________
A. were there B. weren’t there C. didn’t they D. did they
【答案】A
【解析】句意：对你女儿来说，在这次英语比赛中几乎没有新单词，对吗？
考查反意疑问句。There be句型的反意疑问句需用“be(not) there”的形式；又因“few”为否定词，根据反意疑问句的规则——“前肯后否，前否后肯”可知，反意疑问句应写为“were there”的形式。故选A。
41. He’s never been late for school, ________
A. has he B. hasn’t he C. is he D. isn’t he
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他从来不迟到。分析句式，根据语境及题干关键信息never可知， 题干是前否后肯形式的反意疑问句，因此疑问部分应用肯定形式，且题干谓语是现在完成时态has been，故选A。
42. Everybody knows the answer, ________
A. does he B. doesn’t it C. do they D. don’t they
【答案】D
【解析】句意：每个人都知道答案，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”，根据“Everybody knows...”可知疑问部分用否定形式，排除AC；且主语用they，助动词用don’t。故选D。
43. He hardly watches TV, ________
A. does he B. doesn’t he C. do he D. don’t he
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他几乎不看电视，是吗？
考查反义疑问句。根据“He hardly watches TV, ...”可知，陈述部分含有否定意义的词“hardly”，故疑问部分应用肯定形式，排除BD选项；再根据主语为“He”，时态是一般现在时，故助动词应用does。故选A。
44.Don’t forget to lock the door, _______
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you
【答案】C
【解析】祈使句反义疑问句用will you
45. Let’s go swimming, _______
A. will you B. shall we C. won’t you D. can we
【答案】B
【解析】 let’s 。。。的句子反义疑问句用shall we？
46. —________ do you celebrate the Double Ninth Festival (重阳节)
—We usually climb hills, bring some presents and visit the old people.
A. How B. Why C. What D. When
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你们如何庆祝重阳节？——我们通常爬山，带礼物，看望老人。
考查疑问词的用法。How怎样，如何；Why为什么；What什么；When什么时候。“We usually climb hills, bring some presents and visit the old people.”可知这是在讲庆祝的方式和内容，故选A。
47. —I wonder ________ you can finish the work. —In two weeks.
A. how soon B. how long C. how often D. how about
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我想知道你多久能完成这项工作。——两周后。
考查疑问词辨析。how soon多快，多久以后，询问将来动作发生的时间；how long多长，询问物体或时间的长度；how often多久一次，询问频率；how about怎么样。根据“In two weeks.”可知，设空处询问“完成工作”这个将来动作的发生时间。故选A。
48. —What does his mother look like
—________.
A. She’s thin B. She’s a doctor C. She’s forty D. She’s shy
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——他妈妈长什么样？——她很瘦。
考查特殊疑问句的回答。根据“What does his mother look like ”可知，问句是针对长相提问，所以，答句需是针对长相作答，结合选项可知，A符合题意。故选A。
49 — ________ is it today
— It’s Monday.
A. What day B. What about C. What time D. What color
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——今天星期几？——今天是星期一。
考查特殊疑问句。What day哪一天；What about怎么样；What time几点；What color什么颜色。根据答语“It’s Monday.”可知，此处应询问今天星期几，应用what day。故选A。
50. (2023·江苏南通). ________ it was to see the main sights of the world in the World Park!
A How amazing day B. How an amazing day
C. What amazing day D. What an amazing day
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在世界公园里看到世界的主要景点是多么美妙的一天啊！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数day，用感叹句结构：What a/an adj. n.+主谓。故选D。
二、按要求完成句子
1. The new library will be open until 9:00 p.m. (对划线部分提问)
will the new library be open
【答案】 How long
2. Mrs. White could hardly believe it was true. (改为反意疑问句)
Mrs. White could hardly believe it was true,
【答案】could she
3. allow, clothes, to, in style, students, most schools, wear, don’t (连词成句)
.
【答案】Most schools don’t allow students to wear clothes in style
4. My father takes part in the Dragon Boat Race once a year. (对划线部分提问)
father part in the Dragon Boat Race
【答案】How often does your take
5. It is fun to go windsurfing on windy days. (改为感叹句）
it is to go windsurfing on windy days!
【答案】What fun
6. They’ve never been to the Palace Museum. (改为反义疑问句)
They’ve never been to the Palace Museum,
【答案】 have they
7. They play volleyball at school. (改为否定句)
They volleyball at school.
【答案】don’t play
8. She sometimes walks to school. （对划线部分进行提问）
she walk to school
【答案】How often does
9. He likes history because it is very interesting. (就划线部分提问)
does he history
【答案】 Why like
10. They will finish building the new bridge in three months. （对划线部分提问）
will they finish building the new bridge
【答案】How soon专题06 句子成分，句子中类，基本句型
句子成分
英语句子结构和成分是中学英语教学的重要内容，是理解文章的基础，广泛运用于阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空和写作中。
知识梳理
英语句子由多个部分构成，各部分在句子中起着不同的作用，这些构成句子的不同部分被称为句子成分。正确分析句子成分是英语成绩得高分的至关要素。
主要句子成分：主语(subject)---s； 谓语(predicate)---v
次要句子成分：宾语(object)---o； 定语(attribute)---attr； 状语(adverbial)---adv；
补语(complement)-c; 表语(predicative)---p； 同位语(Appositive)等。
主语
概念和位置：句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，通常位于句首。
充当：通常由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
语序：正常：主语+谓语; 全部倒装：谓语+主语; 部分倒装：情态动词/助动词+主语+实义动词。
David arrived last night.（名词作主语）
That's OK. （代词）
Two will be enough.（数词）
To do morning exercises is good for our health.（不定式）
Seeing is believing.（动名词）
The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country.（名词化的形容词）
What he said is not true.（主语从句）
谓语
概念和位置： 表示主语的动作或状态、谓语由动词充当，由简单谓语动词和复合谓语动词之分。
一般位于主语之后。
充当：一般由动词短语、系动词、动词、“情态动词/助动词+实义动词”结构等充当，谓语有时态与语态的变化，同时受到句子主语的单复数和人称的制约，如果主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。
(1)由单一动词V.做谓语 We are Chinese.
(2)情态V + V原 He can speak English well.
(3)助V +V I have seen this man before.
宾语
概念：表示及物动词和及物动词短语的动作对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；有的动词后可以跟两个宾语，其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语，把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语。
位置: 位于及物动词或介词之后。
充当：通常由名词、数词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。
名词或相当于名词的短语I accepted your wise advice.
2.代词或相当于代词的短语All of us like him.
3.数词或数词短语Give me four.
4. the + 形容词表示一类人They teach the blind to read.
5.不定式或不定式短语He began to learn English a year ago./He did not know what to say.
6.动名词或动名词短语He is used to working at night./This book is worth reading.
7.从句I think that he is right./I wonder if you'd like to go with us.
表语
概念: 说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与系动词一起构成复合谓语。
位置：位于系动词之后。
充当：通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等充当。
1.形容词I feel much better today.
2.代词The book is mine.
3.名词或名词所有格They are my students.
4.数词His telephone number is 88888888.
5.副词They are over there.
6.介词短语They are in trouble.
7.不定式短语My dream is to go to college.
8.动词ing短语His hobby is collecting stamps.
9.过去分词短语My camera is broken.
10.从句The truth is what he said just now.
定语
概念：修饰或限定名词或代词的成分叫定语；
位置: 定语有前置定语和后置定语。形容词、数词、代词、名词等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之前，但是在修饰any-，some-，no， every-等构成的单词，如something 等时，应放于这些复合不定代词之后进行修饰。动词不定式、副词、介词短语、从句等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之后。
充当：定语通常由形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词或名词所有格、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句充当。
1.形容词或相同于形容词的结构He is a kind-hearted man./He is a 15-year-old student.
2.冠词或代词This book is Mine./The boy was Tom./My father was washing his car.
3.名词或名词所有格He bought a coffee cup yesterday./He is Tom's father.
4.数词Three boys are running along the bank./You are the first one here.
5.副词The boy there needs a pen./He is on his way home.
6.介词短语Do you know the boy in the first row /The girl in a dress is his sister.
7.不定式短语I have a lot of work to do./ The boy to write this letter needs a pen.
8.动词ing短语Let me tell you a moving story./Horses are grass-eating animals./The smiling boy needs a pen.
9.过去分词短语 The boy needs a pen bought by his mother./In the fall we can see a lot of fallen leaves.
10.从句The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important.
状语
概念：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较、伴随、条件、程度、让步等。状语位置灵活。
位置: 修饰整个句子时放于句首;修饰形容词或副词时放于其后;表时间、目的、地点状语时常放于主句之前或之后，若强调时则应放于主句之前;频度副词如almost、often 等作状语常放于be 动词、情态动词之后，放于实义动词之前。
充当：通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、形容词和从句等充当。
1.副词或副词短语作状语He speaks English very well.
2.介词短语作状语The boy was praised for his bravery.
3.动词不定式短语The box is too heavy for me to lift.
4.动词ing短语Wearing a pair of sunglasses, he went out .
5.过去分词短语Written in a hurry， the article was not so good.
6.从句作状语If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.
补语
概念和位置：有些及物动词的宾语后需要添加部分内容对宾语进行补充说明，补语有两种，分别是主语补足语、宾语补足语，用来对主语或宾语进行补充说明。
充当：常由形容词、名词、不定式、分词、副词等充当。高考英语试题主要考查非谓语动词作补足语的语法。
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more meaningful.（形容词做宾补）
We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and an early return to China.（名词短语作宾补）
Lijiang will make the Chinese culture better known to British students. （过去分词短语作宾补）
同位语
概念和位置：对句子中某一名词（词组）做进一步解释、说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。充当：同位语可用名词、代词、名词短语、同位语从句等充当。
1. This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. (名词)
My friend, Mary, bought a beautiful dress in the department last weekend. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
主语 同位语 谓语 定语 宾语 地点状语 时间状语
句子成分
1. Sometimes when I miss her, I search for the songs she used to play on the Internet.
A. 定语 B. 状语 C. 宾语 D. 主语
2. He will be known for his achievements and realize his dream some day.
A. 宾语 B. 谓语 C. 定语 D. 主语
3. The beef noodles in this restaurant taste delicious.
A. 表语 B. 谓语 C. 状语 D. 主语
4. Cindy plans to watch Days of Our Past tonight.
A. 表语 B. 定语 C. 宾语 D. 谓语
5. I go to the movies once a month.
A. 主语 B. 谓语 C. 宾语 D. 状语
6. There is a little milk in the cup.
A. 表语 B. 定语 C. 主语 D. 宾语
7. Sun Cinema is the best because you can sit the most comfortably.
A. 状语 B. 宾语 C. 定语 D. 谓语
8. Which of the following sentences has an Object Complement（OC）
A. Earth has lost 50%of wildlife in the past 40 years. B. Animals feel pain like humans.
C. We feel wildlife the beauty of nature. D. We can stand up for wildlife.
9. I really enjoyed walking around the town.
A. 谓语 B. 表语 C. 状语 D. 宾语
10. The teacher said that he would go there on time.
A. 宾语 B. 主语 C. 表语 D. 谓语
11. Eating too much is bad for your health.
A. 表语 B. 主语 C. 宾语 D. 谓语
12. These factories should be closed because of their serious pollution.
A. 定语 B. 状语 C. 宾语 D. 表语
二、写出画线部分的句子成分
1. My father is an engineer. ________
2. He feels good. ________
3. She missed the school bus because she got up late. ________
4. I have been to Beijing. ________
5. Passengers in the station are in a mess. ________
6. The vase was knocked off the desk broken. ________
7. Shopping online is usually cheaper. ________
8. Would you mind opening the window ________
9. She is on a diet. ________
10. He didn't help the boy. ________
基本句型
简单句的基本句型在近年来中考英语中没有直接考查，而且安徽中考英语中从没有叫学生分析句子结构的考核。但是词义辨析、非谓语动词的习惯用法、主谓一致等等都会涉及到句子结构，复合句的理解更是以简单句为基础，书面表达也需要学生能掌握简单句的基本结构，从而写出正确的句子。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓）
基本句型二： Ｓ +link-Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
基本句型三： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型一：Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。例如：
1.Time flies.
2. Everybody laughed.
3. I woke very soon.
4. They talked for half an hour.
5. He walked yesterday .
基本句型二：Ｓ +link-Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型句子谓语动词不能独立表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：
(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。
(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove等。
1. This is an English dictionary.
2. The dinner smells good.
3. Everything looks different.
4. He is tall and strong.
5. The weather became warmer.
基本句型三：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
1. Who knows the answer
2. She laugh at her.
3. Danny likes donuts.
基本句型四：Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。
1. She passed him a new dress.
2. He brought you a dictionary.
3. He bought her nothing.
4. I gave him a hand.
5. I told me how to run the machine.
基本句型五：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
1. We keep the table clean.
2. They call supper dinner.
3. What makes him sad
4. We saw him out.
5. He asked me to come back soon.
6. I saw them getting on the bus.
基本句型练习题
1. —Mary, could you tell me the structure of the sentence “The good news made me happy.”
—OK. It’s ________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+DO+IO C. S+V+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
2. Which of the following sentence has the same structure as “It is getting dark.”
A. He bought me a gift. B. The fish tastes good.
C. The boys are playing basketball. D. My mom buys me a basketball.
3. Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S+V+IO+DO”
A. Autumn leaves turn brown. B. Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat.
C. I found him very interesting. D. Tommy does some reading every day.
4. Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Snow makes children feel excited.”
A. The ground becomes white. B. Children make a snowman together.
C. Snow brings children lots of fun. D. You can see children play happily.
5. — What’s the structure of the sentence “He is flying a kite now.”
— It is ________.
A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+O D. S+V+DO+OC
6. What is the sentence structure of “You can find the answer to the question easily.”
A. S+V+P. B. S+V+DO+OC. C. S+V+IO+DO. D. S+V+O.
7. What is the sentence structure of “I offered my classmates some pink pencils”
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P
8. The sentence structure (结构) of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.” is ________.
A. S+V+DO B. S+V+P C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+IO+DO
9. The sentence structure of “My grandpa always walks his dog in the morning.” is ________.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+DO+IO D. S+V+DO+OC
10. The sentence structure of “Our teachers always make their classes lively.” is _______.
A. S+V+O B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P
11. The structure of the sentence “The story sounds very interesting.” is ________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
12. What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “His father bought him an e-dictionary.”
A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V D. S+V+O+OC
13. —What’s the structure of the sentence “It was snowing heavily at this time yesterday”
—It is ________.
A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+IO+OC
二、连词成句
1. pocket money, cost, the latest helicopter model, the little boy, a lot of
.
2. sure, landed, the hills, I’m, near, something, in the forest (连词成句)
.
3. Australia, Canberra, the, capital, of, is, city
.
4. make, to, easily, don’t, others, promises (.)
.
5. one of, the, traditional, it, festivals, in, is, China
.
6. is，family，on，my，the，desk，photo
.
7. swimming; I; playing basketball; and; am good at
.
8. a, has booked, trip to Hangzhou, Betty, on the Internet, two-day
.
9. are, here, many, every, tourists, summer, there
.
10. football, often, school, his, with, after, classmates, plays, Ben
.
11. carefully, in the street, Kitty and Ben, walked
.
12. an animal, the Olympic mascot, often, a, national, is, feature, with
.
13. language; body; her; is; welcome; feel; making; people; they; so; for; go; to; her; help; (,)
.
14. the staffs, the secretary, the meetings, always, to attend, on time, reminds
.
15. the first, an abacus, one of, calculating machines, was
.
三、根据括号内的句子成分提示，将下列句子 翻译成英文。
1.我昨天收到了 一份礼物。 (S+V+O+A)
2.我父亲将会给我买一台新手机。(S+V+IO+DO)
3.他成为了一名科学家。 (S+V+C)
4.这条消息让她开心了。 (S+V+O+C)
5. 凯特给他送去许多书。 (S+V+DO+IO)
6. 我不知道该做什么？（S+V+O）
句子种类
句子类型分为4种：在中考题型中，感叹句和疑问句考得最多。特别疑问句，疑问词的用法是最重要的考题之一。
1. (2023·广州)他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊！
They won the Championship of Guangdong Darts Match, too. ________________________ project it is!
【答案】What a wonderful
【解析】根据题干可知此处是一个感叹句。中心词为可数名词project“项目”，符合结构：What+ a/an+形容词+主语+谓语。project是以辅音音素开头，应用a；wonderful“极好的”。故填What a wonderful。
2.(2023·江苏南通). ________ it was to see the main sights of the world in the World Park!
A How amazing day B. How an amazing day
C. What amazing day D. What an amazing day
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在世界公园里看到世界的主要景点是多么美妙的一天啊！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数day，用感叹句结构：What a/an adj. n.+主谓。故选D。
3.(2023·江苏宿迁). —China won all the gold medals at the 2023 World Table Tennis Championships.
—______ exciting news!
A. What a B. How a C. How D. What
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——中国包揽了2023年世乒赛的所有金牌。——多么令人兴奋的消息啊！
考查感叹句，感叹句的中心词news是不可数名词，此处用“What+形容词+不可数名词”结构。故选D。
4.(2023·江苏徐州) 4Please move your car away, sir. This is “________” area.
A. No smoking B. No parking C. No swimming D. No littering
【答案】B
【解析】句意：先生，请把您的车开走。这里是“禁止停车”区域。
考查情景交际。祈使句表示请求、命令。No smoking禁止吸烟；No parking禁止停车；No swimming禁止游泳；No littering禁止乱扔垃圾。根据“Please move your car away”可知，要把车开走，所以是禁止停车，故选B。
5.(2023·甘肃) ________ trying and do your best.
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept
【答案】A
【解析】句意：继续努力，尽你最大的努力。
考查祈使句。根据“and do your best”可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。
6. (2023·连云港) —________ have you been a member of the Youth League
—For three years.
A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How far
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你成为共青团员有多长时间了？——三年了。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多久，多长；How many多少；How often多久一次；How far多远。根据答句“For three years.”可知询问时长应用how long来提问。故选A。
7. (2023·江苏南通). —Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre from this hotel
—It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.
A. how far B. how long C. how soon D. how much
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——对不起，庚戌剧院离这家旅馆有多远？——如果你坐出租车大约需要十分钟。
考查特殊疑问句。how far多远；how long多长时间；how soon多久之后；how much多少钱。根据“It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.”可知此处询问距离，疑问词用how far。故选A。
8. (2023·甘肃) —________ do you learn these words by heart
—By using them in different ways.
A. When B. How C. Why D. Where
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你是怎么把这些单词背下来的？——通过以不同的方式使用它们。
考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；where哪里。根据“By using them...”可知此处询问方式，疑问词用how。故选B。
句子种类 用 法 示 例
1. 陈述句 用来陈述事实或表达说话者看法的句子。句末用句号。有肯定句和否定句两种形式。 This is a beautiful garden. 这是一座漂亮的花园。 We didn’t go to school yesterday. 我们昨天没上学。
2. 疑问句 用来提问的句子。句末用问号。有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种，初中阶段要求掌握前三种。
（1）一般疑问句 用yes或no回答的问句。 Are you a student 你是学生吗？ Do you like singing 你喜欢唱歌吗？
（2）特殊疑问句 需要使用相应的疑问词来提问。常见的疑问词：what什么，what time几点，when何时，where何地，why为什么，which哪个，who谁，whom（宾格）谁，whose谁的，how如何，how old多大年纪，how much多少，how many多少，how often多久一次，how far多远，how long多久，how soon多久以后 Who is your English teacher 你们的英语老师是谁？ How many people are there in your family 你家里有几口人？ Which bike is yours 哪辆单车是你的？ How did you get there 你怎么到那儿的？ Whose book is on the floor 谁的书在地板上？ How long have you studied English 你学英语多久了？
（3）选择疑问句 选择部分由连词or连接。 What would you like, tea or coffee 你想喝什么，茶还是咖啡？ Are you going to the cinema or the library 你是去电影院还是图书馆？
3. 祈使句 表示请求、命令、要求、建议等的句子。通常不用主语，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。 否定形式：Don’t / Never+动词原形+其他。 为了使语气显得客气，可在句首或者句尾加上please。please在句尾时，前面一般要加一个逗号。 Listen to me carefully. 仔细听我讲。 Be quiet! 安静！ Don’t talk loud in the library. 别在图书馆里大声喧哗。 Never swim in the river. 不要在河里游泳。 Please come this way. 请这边走。 Sit down, please. 请坐。
4. 感叹句 表示惊喜、愤怒、赞赏等感情的句子。多用what和how引导，句末用感叹号。
（1）what引导的感叹句（中心词是名词） ·What + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！ ·What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)！ ·What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)！ What a lovely girl she is! 她是个多可爱的女孩啊！ What an interesting book it is! 这是一本多么有趣的书啊！ What beautiful flowers they are! 这些花多么漂亮呀！ What nice weather we have today! 今天天气真好！
（2）how引导的感叹句（中心词是形容词或副词） ·How+形容词(+主语+谓语)！ ·How+副词(+主语+谓语)！ How dirty your hands are! 你的手太脏啦！ How fast the boy is running! 那个男孩跑得真快！
一、选择填空
1. Mike ________ a basketball but he ________ a baseball.
A. has; not have B. has; doesn’t have C. has; doesn’t has D. has; isn’t have
2. —________ is the sports watch
—The red one on the shelf Oh, it’s 10 dollars.
A. What color B. Where C. How much D. What
3. —______ does your school have a trip this term
—On January 21.
A. What B. Why C. Who D. When
4. —_________ homework does he do every day
—About half an hour of homework on each subject.
A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How soon
5. —________ is the bag of rice
—It’s five kilos.
A. How many B. How much C. How heavy D. How long
6. —________ is the letter from
—It’s from England.
A. Who B. Where C. What D. When
7. — ________ are the books
—They are 59 yuan.
A. What number B. What color C. How old D. How much
8. —________
—It’s Tuesday the first.
A. What day is it today？ B. What’s the date today C. What’s today D. When’s today
9. —________ will your grandmother come back from the hospital
—In one week.
A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How much
10. E-mail is very popular today. People hardly send letters, ________
A. did they B. do they C. didn’t they D. don’t they
11. —________ honey do we need to make fruit salad
—Just a spoon.
A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far
12. —Does your sister have a football
—________. But she has a baseball.
A. Yes, she does B. Yes, she is C. No, she doesn’t D. No, she isn’t
13. ________ afraid of making mistakes and just have a try.
A. Don’t being B. Don’t be C. Not be
14. —Don’t forget to take an umbrella with you. It’ll rain this afternoon.
—________. I will take the raincoat you bought me last week.
A. No, I don’t B. Yes, I do C. No, I won’t D. Yes, I will
15. ________fun we had at the party yesterday! Thank you for inviting us.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
16. ________ helpful advice you gave us on protecting personal information the other day!
A. What B. What a C. What an D. How
17. _______ exciting football game!
A. How B. What a C. What an D. How an
18. Thousands of people come to visit Kunming every year. ________ beautiful city my hometown is!
A. How B. How a C. What a D. What
19. — ________ exciting the party was!
—Yes. It was ________ exciting that I would never forget it.
A. What an; such B. How; such an C. What; so D. How; so
20. —______ cold weather it is!
—Yes, it is. I hope it will be warmer later.
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
21. —________ wonderful the school art festival is! I hope to attend it next year.
—You can. It’s our school tradition.
A. How a B. What C. What a D. How
22. —________ amazing Michael Jackson’s musical talent was!
—Exactly. He was the King of Pop.
A. How B. What C. How an D. What an
23. —We went boating on Lugu Lake and enjoyed the beautiful scenery last vacation.
—_______ wonderful memory it was!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
24. The robot can help us sweep the floor. ________ useful invention it is!
A. How B. How a C. What an D. What a
25. ________ special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.
A. What a B. What an C. What D. How
26. — Charlie, I have never been to Harbin Ice and Snow World.
— ________, but I plan to go there this winter vacation.
A. So have I B. Neither have I C. Nor do I D. Neither I have
27. —Taian is really a comfortable city to live in.
—________. And it’s world-famous for Mount Tai.
A. So it does B. So it is C. So is it D. So does it
28. —I don’t like horror films. They’re terrible. What about you
— ______. They seem to be full of mysteries, but in fact, they’re quite stupid.
A. Neither do I B. Either do I C. So do I D. So don’t I
29. Gina and I are good friends. If she doesn’t agree on the plan, ________.
A. so do I B. neither do I C. so will I D. neither will I
30.(2023·甘肃) ________ trying and do your best.
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept
31.(2023·辽宁一模) — _______ late for school again, Tim! — Sorry, I promise that I _______.
A. Don’t; won’t B. Don’t be; won’t C. Don’t be; don’t D. Don’t; will
32. __________ your umbrella, or you’ll catch a cold on such a rainy day.
A. Take B. To take C. Taking D. Taken
33.Please . The boy is studying.
A. not noisy B. don’t noisy C. not to be noisy D. don’t be noisy
34. 　　　　 more books, and you will improve your reading skills.
A. Reading B. Read C . Reads D. To read
35. (2023·江苏南通). —Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre from this hotel
—It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.
A. how far B. how long C. how soon D. how much
36. (2023·甘肃) —________ do you learn these words by heart
—By using them in different ways.
A. When B. How C. Why D. Where
37.(2023·江苏无锡) ________ is your hometown I can’t find it anywhere on the map.
A. What B. Which C. When D. Where
38.(2023·辽宁抚顺) — ________ have you been a member of the football team
—For two years.
A. How much B. How often C. How many D. How long
39.(2023·吉林长春) — _______ do you visit your grandparents
— Once a week. I play chess with them every Sunday evening.
A. How often B. How much C. How long D. How far
40. There were few new words in the English competition for your daughter, ________
A. were there B. weren’t there C. didn’t they D. did they
41. He’s never been late for school, ________
A. has he B. hasn’t he C. is he D. isn’t he
42. Everybody knows the answer, ________
A. does he B. doesn’t it C. do they D. don’t they
43. He hardly watches TV, ________
A. does he B. doesn’t he C. do he D. don’t he
44.Don’t forget to lock the door, _______
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you
45. Let’s go swimming, _______
A. will you B. shall we C. won’t you D. can we
46. —________ do you celebrate the Double Ninth Festival (重阳节)
—We usually climb hills, bring some presents and visit the old people.
A. How B. Why C. What D. When
47. —I wonder ________ you can finish the work. —In two weeks.
A. how soon B. how long C. how often D. how about
48. —What does his mother look like
—________.
A. She’s thin B. She’s a doctor C. She’s forty D. She’s shy
49 — ________ is it today
— It’s Monday.
A. What day B. What about C. What time D. What color
50. (2023·江苏南通). ________ it was to see the main sights of the world in the World Park!
A How amazing day B. How an amazing day
C. What amazing day D. What an amazing day
二、按要求完成句子
1. The new library will be open until 9:00 p.m. (对划线部分提问)
will the new library be open
2. Mrs. White could hardly believe it was true. (改为反意疑问句)
Mrs. White could hardly believe it was true,
3. allow, clothes, to, in style, students, most schools, wear, don’t (连词成句)
.
4. My father takes part in the Dragon Boat Race once a year. (对划线部分提问)
father part in the Dragon Boat Race
5. It is fun to go windsurfing on windy days. (改为感叹句）
it is to go windsurfing on windy days!
6. They’ve never been to the Palace Museum. (改为反义疑问句)
They’ve never been to the Palace Museum,
7. They play volleyball at school. (改为否定句)
They volleyball at school.
8. She sometimes walks to school. （对划线部分进行提问）
she walk to school
9. He likes history because it is very interesting. (就划线部分提问)
does he history
10. They will finish building the new bridge in three months. （对划线部分提问）
will they finish building the new bridge

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