Unit 6 Electricity
单元话题阅读理解练习
Electricity keeps us warm in winter and cool in summer, cooks our food, heats our water, washes our clothes and provides power for our TVs, radios and computers. Electricity makes wonderful things possible.
Electricity can be very dangerous, too. It can travel easily through our bodies. Because electricity moves quickly through water and the human body is 70% water! What will happen if you get shocked (电击) You will find it hard to breathe, your heart will stop beating and you will get burns and even die! As electricity travels at the speed of light, it’s almost impossible for you to pull away if you really get shocked. And, you should never try to touch anyone who’s been shocked with your hands. You’d better call an adult to help you.
It sounds terrible. But if you remember the safety rules, you can always use electricity safely.
1．How does electricity make our lives
A．More convenient. B．More difficult.
C．More foolish. D．More patient.
2．Why can electricity travel easily through our bodies
A．Electricity is made up of water. B．Our bodies need electricity.
C．There is much water in our bodies. D．Water can produce electricity.
3．If you get shocked, something may happen except (除了) ________.
A．breathing hard B．having a cold C．getting burns D．dying
4．If you see a boy get shocked, what should you do
A．Touch him with your hands. B．Tell him not to touch himself with his hands.
C．Try your best to make his heart beat. D．Call an adult to help you.
5．When can you use electricity safely
A．When you save electricity. B．When you remember the safety rules.
C．When you turn off electricity. D．When you know electricity is dangerous.
China keeps the same time over all the seasons in a year. But it’s different in many countries, like the UK and Germany.
These countries have summer time and winter time. In March, they set (设置) their clocks one hour forward (往前), However, in October or November, they set their clocks one hour back.
In the Northern Hemisphere (北半球), after March 23, days slowly become longer and the sun comes out
earlier. During that time, if people wake up earlier, they can use more sunlight (阳光). It saves electricity (电). In the winter, however, they can sleep more in the morning to save electricity.
People working in cinemas dislike setting the clock. They say that when people get more sunlight, they don’t want to go to dark cinemas. But baseball lovers like it. When they are in summer time, they can play for a longer time because there is more sunlight.
6．What can we learn from paragraph 1 and 2
A．China has summer time all year around. B．China keeps the same time in a year.
C．The UK has winter and spring time. D．The UK sets their clocks every season.
7．What might the underlined word “saves” mean in the passage
A．浪费 B．产生 C．使用 D．节约
8．What will happen (发生) in the Northern Hemisphere after March 23
A．Days slowly become longer. B．Sun comes out later.
C．People can sleep a lot more. D．People get up later.
9．Why do baseball lovers like setting the clock
A．Because they can sleep more in winter. B．Because they can play longer in summer.
C．Because they find it is really interesting. D．Because they like the sunlight very much.
In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go People usually burn or bury (埋) it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the use less part Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment; we should leave ocean water and green mountains to our next generation (一代).
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases (气) or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting (分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit
to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion. More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
10．What does the underlined word “sustainable” mean
A．Missing. B．Exciting. C．Lasting. D．Moving.
11．The example of the waste electricity factories show us ________.
A．waste pollutes the environment
B．China also tries to put waste into good use
C．we are taking less waste from developed countries
D．the Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting
12．When did China start to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country
A．From January 2018. B．From July 2018.
C．From January 2019. D．From February 2018.
13．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．How to do waste sorting. B．How to deal with waste.
C．What is waste pollution. D．Why to do waste sorting.
We are lucky to live in a rich country where we have many things. However, most of us usually waste some things.
Electricity is one thing that we waste most. Lights, TVs, radios and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them off when we do not need them. It takes less than a second to do it. Not wasting electricity also saves money, because we do not have to pay for the electricity we do not use.
The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is precious（宝贵的）, so it shouldn’t be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap. I am sure everybody can do this easily if he wants to.
Another waste is food. My parents used to cook so much food that some of it was thrown away. I told them we had wasted some food. They thought I was right and now cook only what we can eat.
It is not right to be wasteful. I find there is a simple way of not wasting things. That is to use only what we need. In this way we can stop being wasteful.
14．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a waste in our life
A．Electricity. B．Money. C．Food. D．Water.
15．What did the author’s parents use to do with the food they cooked
A．They gave it away to their neighbors.
B．They sold it to the local market.
C．They kept it in the fridge for later.
D．They threw away some of it.
16．What is the simple way of not wasting things according to the author
A．To use only what we need.
B．To buy as much as we can.
C．To ask our parents for help.
D．To produce as much as we can.
17．Which of the following should we do according to the passage
A．Keep the computer on when we are not using it.
B．Cook as much food as we can for dinner.
C．Turn off the lights when we leave a room.
D．Leave the water running while brushing our teeth.
Most cars run on gas. Gas cars work very well. But there is a problem. Cars that run on gas make the air dirty. The dirty air is not good for people, animals or trees. Gas cars make the air dirty for all living things. What can we do We can drive electric cars!
Electric cars do not use gas. These cars do not make the air dirty. These cars have batteries that power their motors（马达）. The batteries can be charged（充电）many times. They can be used again and again. This makes electric cars great. But electric cars have problems too. They are slower than gas cars. They are also very quiet. This means that some people can’t hear them when they go by. They may not think a car is coming. So they have to be careful.
People are looking for ways to make electric cars better all the time. Maybe one day all cars will be electric. That would be much better for the world.
18．What’s the problem of the cars that run on gas
A．They are too big.
B．They are noisy.
C．They are too small.
D．They make the air dirty.
19．What does the underlined word “they” refer to（指代）
A．Gas cars.
B．Some people.
C．Electric cars.
D．The batteries.
20．Why do some people have to be careful about electric cars
A．Because they are quiet.
B．Because they are fast.
C．Because they are too big.
D．Because they make the air dirty.
21．The writer hopes _________.
A．no cars will be electric
B．gas cars can become better
C．all cars will be electric
D．gas cars can become slower
22．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The problems of gas cars
B．People who study cars
C．The problems of electric cars
D．Gas cars and electric cars
We all know that walking is good for our health. But do you know walking can also produce electricity A Japanese company says it has found a way to power the iPad music players just by walking.
The company is developing shoes that can produce electricity as people are walking. The shoes have a small generator (发电机) and water-filled soles (鞋底). When people are walking, the steps make the water move fast. Then the small generator changes the power into electric power. Now the shoes can produce enough electricity to run an iPad music player if the wearer (佩戴者) keeps walking. The company predicts (预测) the shoes will be able to produce enough electricity to run a mobile phone in the future. “You will be able to power your mobile phone and talk on it if you connect the phone to your shoes and just keeping walking.” says the spokesman (发言人) of the company.
What will this kind of shoes be like We are not sure. But one thing is sure—when we have such a pair of shoes, mobile phones are not running out of power.
23．Walking can be used for ________.
A．making iPad B．making mobile phones
C．making electricity D．making shoes
24．What can change the power in the shoes into electric power
A．Water. B．Soles. C．A generator. D．Mobile phones.
25．What will the shoes be like
A．They will be beautiful. B．They will be very big.
C．They will be comfortable. D．We don’t know now.
26．What is the best title for the text
A．A new iPad B．Water-filled shoes C．The future shoes D．A new use of walking
The sun provides sunshine for plants, animals, and people here on Earth. Energy from the sun is called solar energy. It comes in the form of light or heat. Solar energy makes you feel hot. People have used solar energy for thousands of years. Houses were built with windows so that sunlight can get inside and provide heat. The sun’s energy can also be used to heat water and even food.
We can also turn the sun’s light into electricity. This is done with solar panels (太阳能电池板). Solar panels are made up of silicon (硅). When the sunlight reaches the solar panel, the electrons (电子) in the silicon, move and flow through wires in the solar panel. Using this technology, we can run even cars.
But what happens when clouds block the solar panels The electrons in the silicon will stop moving. But this doesn’t mean that solar energy can only be used on bright sunny days. Solar panels can have batteries to store (储存) electricity for a rainy day. When the sun is shining, the electricity flows from the solar panel into the batteries. This stored electricity can be used at night or on cloudy days.
Solar energy is not as expensive as before. The sun produces more energy in one second than people have used since the beginning of time. Just imagine what we could do if we used the sun’s energy to power our Earth.
27．Which of the following is NOT true about solar energy
A．It comes in the form of light or heat.
B．It can make people feel cool.
C．It can be used to heat water and food.
D．It has been used for thousands of years.
28．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us
A．How electricity is used to run cars.
B．How sunlight is turned into electricity.
C．How electricity is stored.
D．How people can use electricity from sunlight.
29．What does the underlined word “block” mean in Paragraph Three
A．Take. B．Find. C．Help. D．Stop.
30．What can store electricity from sunlight
A．Solar panels. B．Electrons. C．Batteries. D．Wires.
31．What’s the best title of this passage
A．Solar energy: the power of the sun
B．Solar panels
C．Energy we use today
D．Bright sunny days
We all know electricity is useful in our lives. We get electricity by burning coal (煤), oil, and natural gas. But these ways pollute the air. Saving electricity means protecting our environment. What can we do to save electricity
When you leave a room, be sure to turn off lights and other machines such as TVs, computers, radios and DVD players. Keep doors and windows closed when the air conditioner is on. It needs more electricity with the door or the window open.
Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth and take shorter showers. These will help save water and electricity as well.
In the day, don’t turn on lights if possible. Use a larger one instead of a few small ones. Decide what you want from the fridge before opening it, so you won’t waste electricity by looking inside and keeping the door open. Before putting hot food into the fridge, cool it first.
Cook several dishes in the oven (烤箱) at the same time. And keep the oven door closed until they are OK.
Put enough clothes in the washing machine. Try to use cool water to wash them.
32．How many ways of producing electricity may pollute the air according to the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
33．What can we do if we want to save electricity
A．Use more small lights.
B．Leave the radio on when we’re not using it.
C．Put cooler food into the fridge.
D．Put fewer clothes in the washing machine.
34．What does the underlined word “they” refer to (指)
A．The ovens. B．The fridges. C．The dishes. D．The doors.
35．Which of the following is NOT true
A．We should know what we want before we open the fridge.
B．To save electricity, we must turn off lights all the time.
C．If you cook only one dish in the oven, it will waste electricity.
D．The air conditioner needs more electricity with the door or the window open.
36．What does the passage mainly want to tell us
A．How we can save electricity.
B．Why we must save electricity.
C．When we need to save electricity.
D．How to produce electricity.
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了电的用途以及安全用电的常识。
1．推理判断题。根据“Electricity keeps us warm in winter and cool in summer, cooks our food…provides power for our TVs, radios and computers. Electricity makes wonderful things possible.”可知，电有取暖、做饭等各种用途，让美好的事情成为可能，即让我们的生活更便利。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“It can travel easily through our bodies. Because electricity moves quickly through water and the human body is 70% water!”可知，我们的身体中大部分都是水，而电在水中移动的速度很快，所以电能够很容易在我们身体中游走。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“What will happen if you get shocked (电击) You will find it hard to breathe, your heart will stop beating and you will get burns and even die!”可知，被电击后会很难呼吸、心脏停止跳动、被烧伤甚至死亡，没有感冒这一项。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“And, you should never try to touch anyone who’s been shocked with your hands. You’d better call an adult to help you.”可知，如果有人被电击，不要用自己的手碰他，最好去找大人帮忙。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据“But if you remember the safety rules, you can always use electricity safely.”可知，如果能记住安全规则就能安全用电。故选B。
6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国在一年的所有季节保持相同的时间，而许多国家如英国和德国则不同，这些国家有夏令时和冬令时。
6．细节理解题。根据“China keeps the same time over all the seasons in a year.”可知，中国一年四季的时间都是一样的。故选B。
7．词句猜测题。根据“During that time, if people wake up earlier, they can use more sunlight (阳光). It saves electricity (电). In the winter, however, they can sleep more in the morning to save electricity.”可知，利用更多的阳光，可以“省电”。由此可猜测save意为“节约”。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据“In the Northern Hemisphere, after March 23, days slowly become longer and the sun comes out earlier.”可知，在北半球，3月23日之后，太阳出来的更早，白天渐渐变长。
故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据“But baseball lovers like it. When they are in summer time, they can play for a longer time because there is more sunlight.”可知，白天更长，棒球爱好者们可以玩得更久。故选B。
10．C 11．B 12．A 13．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国对垃圾处理所采取的措施。
10．词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.”和最后一句“we should leave ocean water and green mountains to our next generation”可知，垃圾会阻碍环境保护和可持续的发展。由此可推知，划线词应意为“可持续的”。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据“China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories.”可知，举例是为了说明中国也在努力把废物利用好。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country.”可知，是从2018年1月开始，故选A。
13．最佳标题题。根据“China is getting really serious about waste now.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国对垃圾处理所采取的措施，故选B。
14．B 15．D 16．A 17．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了三种浪费资源的现象，并建议人们只使用我们需要的东西，这样就可以避免浪费。
14．细节理解题。根据“Electricity is one thing that we waste most”、“The second thing that we often waste is water.”及“Another waste is food.”可知，提到了、电、水和食物浪费，没有提到浪费钱，故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据“My parents used to cook so much food that some of it was thrown away. ”可知，作者的父母过去常常煮很多食物，有些食物被扔掉了，故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“I find there is a simple way of not wasting things. That is to use only what we need.”可知，建议人们只使用我们需要的东西，故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“We should turn them off when we do not need them.”可知，不用电的时候要关闭它们，所以当我们离开房间的时候要关灯，故选C。
18．D 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了燃油车和电动车的优缺点。
18．细节理解题。根据“Cars that run on gas make the air dirty.”可知燃油车会污染空气。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据“This means that some people can’t hear them when they go by. They may not think a car is coming. So they have to be careful.”可知此处they指代前文提到的“一些人”。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“They are also very quiet.”和“So they have to be careful.”可知电动车很安静，人们需要小心一些。故选A。
21．推理判断题。根据“Maybe one day all cars will be electric. That would be much better for the world.”可推测作者希望未来全部使用电动车。故选C。
22．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了燃油车和电动车的优缺点，选项D“燃油车和电动车”比较贴合主旨。故选D。
23．C 24．C 25．D 26．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了步行的一种新作用——产生电。
23．细节理解题。根据“But do you know walking can also produce electricity A Japanese company says it has found a way to power the iPad music players just by walking.”可知，走路可以用来发电。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“Then the small generator changes the power into electric power.”可知，是发电机转化的电。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“What will this kind of shoes be like We are not sure.”可知，未来并不确定这种鞋子是什么样的。故选D。
26．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了步行的一种新用处——发电。故选D。
27．B 28．B 29．D 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文主要是介绍来自太阳的能量——太阳能的储存原理和应用。
27．推理判断题。根据“Solar energy makes you feel hot.”可知太阳能让你感觉很热，并不是凉爽，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据“We can also turn the sun’s light into electricity…the electrons (电子) in the silicon, move and flow through wires in the solar panel”可知我们也可以把太阳能转化为电能，以及如何转化为电能，故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据“The electrons in the silicon will stop moving.”可知硅中的电子将停止运动，结合选项说明云层挡住了太阳能电池板，block跟stop意思相近，故选D。
30．细节理解题。根据“Solar panels can have batteries to store (储存) electricity for a rainy day.”可知太阳能电池板有电池来储存电，故选C。
31．最佳标题题。本文主要是介绍来自太阳的能量——太阳能，选项A“太阳能——太阳的力量”符合题意，故选A。
32．B 33．C 34．C 35．B 36．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何节约用电的方式。
32．细节理解题。根据“We get electricity by burning coal (煤), oil, and natural gas. But these ways pollute the air.”可知我们通过燃烧煤、石油和天然气来获得电力。但这些方式会污染空气。因此共三种。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“Before putting hot food into the fridge, cool it first.”可知在将热食物放入冰箱之前，先冷却。故选C。
34．词句猜测题。根据“Cook several dishes in the oven (烤箱) at the same time. And keep the oven door closed until they are OK.”可知同时在烤箱中烹饪几道菜。并保持烤箱门关闭，直到它们好了。因此是指代要在烤箱中烹饪的菜。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“When you leave a room, be sure to turn off lights and other machines”可知离开房间时，请务必关掉灯和其他机器，因此是离开房间时候关灯，不是要一直关灯。故选B。
36．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了如何节约用电。故选A。

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