Unit 5 Water
单元话题语法填空练习
（22-23七年级下·广东深圳·单元测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。
Here are some facts about water in India. There are 3,119 towns and cities in India, but only eight of 1 (they) have full treatment facilities (净化设备) to clean waste water 2 homes or factories. As a result, much water in rivers and streams 3 (be) polluted. Most water cannot be used for drinking, 4 (cook), bathing or washing. About two 5 (hundred) Indian cities put dirty rubbish into the Ganges River. In the countryside, there are not many toilets, so many people even take 6 bath or defecate (排便) in rivers. It makes the water pollution even 7 (bad). And the serious water pollution influences Indians’ life and does 8 (harmful) to their health.
Nowadays, it is not easy to find clean water in India. Most water is not clean and safe to use. Water is important 9 valuable. It is time for Indians 10 (protect) water.
（21-22七年级下·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Do you know why water is valuable Here are some 11 (fact) about water. First, about 70% of the human body 12 (be) water. That means water makes up 70% 13 the human body. Second, most of the water in the world is not 14 (drink) although oceans cover about 75% of the Earth. Third, Groundwater may be drinkable, but it is not easy 15 (find) clean and safe groundwater. 16 (four), if water drips from your tap every ten seconds, you’ll waste about 315 litres of water a year. That’s enough to fill two baths! Last but not least, taking 17 bath uses twice as much water as taking a shower. If you take a shower, you 18 (save) up to 400 litres a week.
So, it’s time for us to save water! Always keep the tap off while 19 (brush) your teeth. Take a shower instead of a bath. Don’t waste 20 pollute it.
（20-21七年级下·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Camels have played 21 important role in human lives for thousands of years. In ancient days, these animals were especially 22 (use) along the Silk Road. The journey across the Silk Road was very long and difficult, but camels helped make it 23 (easy). These animals were well suited (合适的) for such trips across Asia, 24 they could survive for a long time without food. Another great thing about camels 25 (be) that they could carry a lot of weight on their backs. This was great for traders (商人), since they wanted to transport lots of different goods along the route. Camels also provided friendship 26 traders on their long, often lonely journeys.
Today camels are still important animals in this part of the world. Although the Silk Road 27 (break) down in the 18th century, the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路) has encouraged trade across Asia once again. 28 (farmer) have discovered (发现) the possibilities of 29 (sell) camel products, such as milk, in new and larger markets. Camel farming is turning into a big business, improving the lives of local people.
As we continue to live side by side with camels, these amazing animals keep showing 30 (we) their worth.
（23-24七年级下·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。
Africa is famous for deserts. There are not 31 (much) trees and forests. In order to bring life to the dry lands and help to fight the bad environment, eleven countries are building a great wall of trees around Africa. It is called the Great Green Wall.
The wall is 8,000 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide. It covers from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east, on the south of the Sahara Desert (撒哈拉沙漠). So far, Senegal has made the best progress by 32 (plant) about 11,000,000 trees.
33 (more) years ago, there were 34 (fewer) trees in that area and the winds used to be very strong. It was harmful to the fields. Also, there was 35 (less) rain, so few crops could grow and many people went hungry. But now, more and 36 (many) trees are being planted. And the trees today provide
food 37 the local people and increase the wetness of the air. 38 (little) by little, there are green fields for people to grow crops so local people can have 39 (much) food to eat.
The project which began 40 (few) years ago may cost a total of 8 billion dollars. Many countries are trying their best to help to continue the planting. So we will be able to see the whole green wall across Africa in the near future.
（21-22七年级下·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most 41 (importance) thing. The human body can go without food for 42 while, but two 43 three days without water could make people 44 (death). A lot of people don’t understand how 45 (many) water the human body 46 (real) needs. As a matter of fact, many people don’t drink enough, especially 47 hot weather. Most people drink some when 48 (them) are thirsty, but in fact they need more water, especially when they take exercise.
A man’s body 49 (be) 65 to 75 percent of liquid (液体). 50 we don’t have enough water, we would feel tired and may become ill.
（21-22七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中）Jingzhe often falls in March in China. The start of March 51 (bring) some unusual weather, as temperatures rise and rainfall comes with thunderstorms(雷雨). According to some Chinese writings, this thunder would wake up insects that had hibernated(冬眠) for the winter. 52 (Them) would rise up from the earth and many other animals would also make their 53 (one) appearance of the year. Soon, peach flowers would come out, while birds would sing 54 (happy) from tree branches.
Chinese farmers place great 55 (important) on Jingzhe, since it marks the start of spring plowing (春耕), one of the 56 (busy) times for farmers. Spring 57 (consider) to be the most valuable time of the year for farming. At the 58 (begin) of the year, farmers plow the soil, giving crops the best possible environment. Another Jingzhe tradition is eating 59 (pear). It is thought to be 60 (health) to do so when the weather is changing.
（22-23七年级上·全国·课时练习）用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入一个适当的单词。
The Earth is a wonderful place. About 70% of the Earth 61 (be) covered (覆盖) by water. Under the water, it’s 62 amazing world. You can see a lot of sea animals 63 whales, dolphins and sharks. Whales are the largest animals on Earth. Dolphins are one of the cleverest animals. Sharks are very 64
(danger).
The ocean gives us wonderful 65 (plant) and animals to enjoy. It gives us food 66 (eat) and oil to burn. The ocean is very important to all animals 67 Earth, 68 we human beings are doing something bad to it. We put our rubbish into the sea. This 69 (pollute) water. We must do something to keep sea water clean and stop 70 (throw) a lot of rubbish into it. It’s our duty to make a better sea world.
（22-23七年级下·吉林长春·期中）Every Wednesday evening, a group of runners in Changchun get together and have their 5-to-8-kilometer run in the city. The runners take rubbish bags with 71 (they) and pick up rubbish when they run.
“Make running 72 (much) than just running,” Li Hua, one of the runners, says. He wears a blue T-shirt 73 “WE RUN FOR RUBBISH” on the back. Besides the weekly runs, the group also has family runs once a month. Children and even pets can take 74 in the activity.
Li Hua says there are more than 200 rubbish runners from all walks of life in the city, 75 as office workers, yoga teachers and restaurant owners. Over 90 percent of the runners 76 (be) Chinese. The oldest is in their 40s, and the 77 (young) is just five.
“I feel great to make the Earth cleaner,” says an 8-year-old boy. He 78 (join) the group last month with his parents. The boy broke his left arm, but he keeps 79 (run) and picks up rubbish with his right hand.
Rubbish Running came to Shanghai in 2018. There are groups in sixteen 80 (city) like Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing and Wuhan. More than 9,300 runners run and make the cities clean.
参考答案：
1．them 2．from 3．is 4．cooking 5．hundred 6．a 7．worse 8．harm 9．and 10．to protect
【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的水资源污染问题。
1．句意：印度有3119个城镇，但其中只有8个拥有完整的净化设备来清洁来自家庭或工厂的废水。由空前的“of”是介词可知，they要用宾格them。故填them。
2．句意：印度有3119个城镇，但其中只有8个拥有完整的净化设备来清洁来自家庭或工厂的废水。根据“waste water ... homes or factories”可知，污水是来自家庭和工厂的；from“来自”，符合语境。故填from。
3．句意：结果，河流和小溪中的许多水被污染了。主语“much water in rivers and streams”为单数，时态为一般现在时，故be动词用is。故填is。
4．句意：大多数水不能用于饮用、烹饪、洗澡或洗涤。根据“drinking, ..., bathing or washing”可知，此处是并列关系，故应用cook的动名词cooking。故填cooking。
5．句意：大约有200个印度城市将脏垃圾排入恒河。根据“two”可知，空前有基数词，hundred不用变复数。故填hundred。
6．句意：在农村，没有很多厕所，所以很多人甚至在河里洗澡或大便。take a bath“洗澡”，固定短语。故填a。
7．句意：它使水污染更加严重。根据上文可知，许多人在河里洗澡或排便，这使得印度的水污染更加糟糕；“even”是修饰比较级的词，故此处要用bad的比较级worse。故填worse。
8．句意：严重的水污染影响了印度人的生活，危害了他们的健康。do harm to“对……有害”，固定短语。故填harm。
9．句意：水很重要，也很有价值。根据“important”和“valuable”可知，两者是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
10．句意：印度人是时候保护水资源了。根据It is time for sb. to do sth.“是时候做某事”可知，此处要用不定式作定语。故填to protect。
11．facts 12．is 13．of 14．drinkable 15．to find 16．Fourth 17．a 18．will save 19．brushing 20．or
【导语】本文讲述了一些关于水的事实。
11．句意：以下是一些关于水的事实。fact“事实”，是可数名词，被some修饰，用复数，故填facts。
12．句意：首先，人体约70%是水。主语是单数，be动词用is，故填is。
13．句意：这意味着人体70%都是水。根据“water makes up 70%...the human body”可知是指人体的70%，应用of表示“……的”。故填of。
14．句意：第二，世界上大部分的水是不能饮用的，尽管海洋覆盖了地球的75%。空处是作is的表语，应用形容词，此处指的是指大部分的水是不能饮用的，drinkable“可饮用的”，形容词，故填drinkable。
15．句意：第三，地下水可以饮用，但不容易找到清洁和安全的地下水。固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……的”，故填to find。
16．句意：第四，如果水龙头每十秒滴水，你一年就会浪费315升水。根据前文的“First...Second...Third”可知应用序数词，故填Fourth。
17．句意：最后但同样重要的是，浴缸里洗澡要比淋浴多用两倍的水。固定短语take a bath“浴缸里洗澡”，故填a。
18．句意：如果你淋浴，一周可以节省400升水。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，故填will save。
19．句意：刷牙时一定要把水龙头关掉。while引导的时间状语从句用延续性动词，此处是进行时态。当从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句有be动词，此时把be动词和主语一起省略，故填brushing。
20．句意：不要浪费或污染它。句子是否定句，应用表示选择的并列连词or连接，故填or。
21．an 22．useful 23．easier 24．because 25．was 26．for 27．broke 28．Farmers 29．selling 30．us
【导语】本文主要介绍了骆驼从古至今在人们的生活中起到的作用。
21．句意：几千年来，骆驼在人类生活中扮演着重要的角色。空处修饰其后的单数名词role，应用不定冠词，important是元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰，故填an。
22．句意：在古代，这些动物在丝绸之路上特别有用。空处作表语，应用形容词形式，故填
useful。
23．句意：穿越丝绸之路的旅程漫长而艰难，但骆驼使之变得更容易。此处隐含着与其他交通工具穿越的比较，应用比较级形式，故填easier。
24．句意：这些动物非常适合这种穿越亚洲的旅行，因为它们可以在没有食物的情况下存活很长时间。空格前后是因果关系，属于“前果后因”的结构，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
25．句意：骆驼的另一个优点是它们可以背着很多重物。句子主语是“thing”，结合上下文可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填was。
26．句意：骆驼也为商贩们在漫长而孤独的旅途中提供了友谊。此处是provide sth for sb“为某人提供某物”，空处缺介词for，故填for。
27．句意：虽然丝绸之路在18世纪中断了，但“一带一路”倡议再次鼓励了亚洲各地的贸易。根据“in the 18th century”可知，此处用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填broke。
28．句意：农民们已经发现了在新的更大的市场上销售骆驼产品(如驼奶)的可能性。结合“have”可知，句子主语是复数名词，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Farmers。
29．句意：农民们已经发现了在新的更大的市场上销售骆驼产品(如驼奶)的可能性。of是介词，后接动名词形式，故填selling。
30．句意：随着我们继续与骆驼并肩生活，这些神奇的动物不断向我们展示它们的价值。show是动词，后接宾语，应用宾格形式，故填us。
31．many 32．planting 33．Many 34．few 35．little 36．more 37．for 38．Little 39．more 40．a few
【导语】本文主要介绍十一个国家正在修建一座横跨非洲的树木长城，它被称为“绿色长城”，其目的是为旱地带来生命，帮助对抗恶劣的环境。许多国家都在尽力帮助继续种植，这样我们就能在不久的将来看到整个非洲的绿色长城。
31．句意：那里没有很多树木和森林。空后“trees and forests”是可数名词复数，应用many“许多的”修饰，故填many。
32．句意：到目前为止，塞内加尔已经种植了大约1100万棵树，取得了最好的进展。介词by“通过”后接动名词，故填planting。
33．句意：许多年前，那个地区几乎没有树，风也很猛烈。修饰可数名词复数years要用
many，句首首字母要大写。故填Many。
34．句意：许多年前，那个地区几乎没有树，风也很猛烈。根据“and the winds used to be very strong”可知是因为树很少才导致风大，表示“几乎没有，很少”且修饰可数名词trees应用few，故填few。
35．句意：此外，雨水很少，所以庄稼不能生长，许多人挨饿。根据“so few crops could grow and many people went hungry”可知，很少庄稼可以生长，很多人要挨饿，是因为雨很少；表示“很少”且修饰不可名词rain应用little，故填little。
36．句意：但是现在，越来越多的树被种植。根据“more and...”可知，是指“越来越多”，用“more and more”表示，为固定搭配，故填more。
37．句意：今天的树木为当地人提供了食物，增加了空气的湿度。provide sth. for sb.“为某人提供某物”，固定搭配，故填for。
38．句意：渐渐地，有绿色的田野供人们种植庄稼，这样当地人就有更多的食物吃了。little by little“渐渐地”，固定搭配，句首首字母要大写，故填Little。
39．句意：渐渐地，有绿色的田野供人们种植庄稼，这样当地人就有更多的食物吃了。此处用现在跟过去作比较，应用比较级形式，much的比较级为more，故填more。
40．句意：这个几年前开始的项目可能总共花费80亿美元。根据“The project which began...years ago”可知此处是指几年前，且修饰可数名词years，应用a few“一些，几个”，故填a few。
41．important 42．a 43．or 44．die 45．much 46．really 47．in 48．they 49．is 50．If
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了水对我们人体的重要性。
41．句意：在我们吃的和喝的所有的东西中，水是最重要的。根据“water is the most...thing”可知，该空需填一个形容词，importance是名词“重要性”，其形容词为important“重要的”。故填important。
42．句意：人的身体可以暂时不吃东西，但是两三天不喝水可能会导致死亡。for a while表示“暂时”为固定搭配，故填a。
43．句意：人的身体可以暂时不吃东西，但是两三天不喝水可能会导致死亡。根据“two...three days”可知此处需要一个并列连词，or表示“或者”符合语境。故填or。
44．句意：人的身体可以暂时不吃东西，但是两三天不喝水可能会导致死亡。根据make sb.
do sth. 表示“让某人做某事”，可知此处应用动词原形，death是名词“死亡”，其动词为die。故填die。
45．句意：很多人不知道人体真正需要多少水。how many“多少”后接可数名词复数，how much“多少”后接不可数名词，此空后water“水”是不可数名词，因此用how much来修饰。故填much。
46．句意：很多人不知道人体真正需要多少水。根据句子结构可知，此处需填一个副词来修饰need，real是形容词“真正的”，其副词为really。故填really。
47．句意：实际上，很多人喝水喝的不够，尤其是在炎热的天气。根据“...hot weather”可知此处需填一个时间介词，“在炎热的天气”用时间介词in。故填in。
48．句意：大多数人在口渴时喝一些，但事实上他们需要更多的水，尤其是在锻炼时。根据“when...are thirsty”可知此处是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中缺少主语，them的主格形式为they。故填they。
49．句意：人体内有65%到75%都是液体。此句陈述的是一个事实，因此用一般现在时，“A man’s body”是单数。故填is。
50．句意：如果我们没有喝足够的水，我们就会感到疲倦，并且有可能生病。根据“...we don’t have enough water, we would feel tired and may become ill”可知，此处需要用if引导构成一个条件状语从句。故填If。
51．brings 52．They 53．first 54．happily 55．importance 56．busiest 57．is considered 58．beginning 59．pears 60．healthy
【导语】本文介绍了惊蛰的含义以及人们的活动和传统。
51．句意：三月初的天气有些不寻常，气温上升，暴雨伴随雷雨。bring“带来”，主语“The start of March ”是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填brings。
52．句意：它们将从地球上升起，许多其他动物也将在今年首次出现。them“它们”，是宾格形式，此处作主语，因此用主格形式。故填They。
53．句意：它们将从地里起来，许多其他动物也将在今年首次出现。one“一”，此处表示首次出现，因此用one的序数词。故填first。
54．句意：很快，桃花就开了，鸟儿在树枝上欢快地歌唱。happy“高兴的”，是形容词，修饰动词sing，用副词。故填happily。
55．句意：中国农民非常重视惊蛰。important“重要的”是形容词，这里作place的宾语，所以用名词形式表示“重要性”。故填importance
56．句意：中国农民非常重视惊蛰，因为它标志着春耕的开始，是农民最忙碌的时期之一。busy“忙碌的”，是形容词，one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示“最……的……之一”，因此用busy的最高级，故填busiest。
57．句意：春天被认为是一年中最有价值的耕种季节。consider“考虑”，是动词，主语“Spring”与谓语动词“consider”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，句子是一般现在时，主语Spring是三单人称，be动词用is。故填is considered。
58．句意：在一年的开始，农民犁地，给庄稼最好的环境。at the beginning of“在……的开始”。故填beginning。
59．句意：另一个惊蛰的传统是吃梨。pear“梨”，是可数名词，这里表示类别，用复数名词，故填pears。
60．句意：当天气变化时，这样做被认为是有益健康的。空前有be动词，所以此处用形容词作表语，health的形容词是healthy。故填healthy。
61．is 62．an 63．like 64．dangerous 65．plants 66．to eat 67．on 68．but 69．pollutes 70．throwing
【导语】本文介绍了美丽的海底世界及海洋对地球上生物的重要性，呼吁人类停止污染海洋，保护海洋。
61．句意：地球的约70%被水覆盖着。主语“Earth”是单数，且句子是一般现在时，因此be动词用“is”。故填is。
62．句意：水下是一个令人惊奇的世界。“amazing world”单数名词前应加不定冠词，泛指一个，“amazing”是元音音素开头的单词，因此用“an”。故填an。
63．句意：你能看到很多海洋动物，例如：鲸、海豚和鲨鱼。后面的“whales, dolphins and sharks”是列举海洋动物，因此用介词“like”表示“例如”。故填like。
64．句意：鲨鱼是非常危险的。此空作表语，应用“danger”的形容词“dangerous”。故填dangerous。
65．句意：海洋给了我们美妙的植物和动物来享受。此处表示类别，应用“plant”的复数“plants”。故填plants。
66．句意：它给了我们吃的食物和燃烧的原油。根据“oil to burn”可知此处也应用动词不定式作“food”的定语，因此填“to eat”。故填to eat。
67．句意：海洋对地球上的所有动物都非常重要，但我们人类正在对它做坏事。此处应表示地点“地球上”，根据前文提示“Whales are the, largest animals on Earth.”可知应用介词“on”。故填on。
68．句意：海洋对地球上的所有动物都非常重要，但我们人类正在对它做坏事。此空连接两个句子，应用连词，分析前后句是转折关系，因此用连词“but”。故填but。
69．句意：这污染水。主语是“This”，单数，且句子为一般现在时，因此此空应用动词“pollute”的三单形式“pollutes”。故填pollutes。
70．句意：我们必须做点事情来保持海水的干净，并且应停止向海里扔大量的垃圾。此空位于“stop”后作宾语，应用动名词形式，表示“停止做某事”，因此填“throwing”。故填throwing。
71．them 72．more 73．with 74．part 75．such 76．are 77．youngest 78．joined 79．running 80．cities
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了为了环保，人们发起了跑步时捡垃圾的活动。
71．句意：跑步者带着垃圾袋，在跑步时捡起垃圾。根据“with”可知，with为介词，后跟人称代词宾格，所给词they“他们”的宾格为them。故填them。
72．句意：其中一名跑步者李华说：“让跑步不仅仅是跑步。”根据“...than”可知，考查much的比较级more，more than just“不仅仅是”。故填more。
73．句意：他穿着一件背面印有“WE RUN FOR RUBBISH”字样的蓝色t恤。根据“He wears a blue T-shirt...”可知，考查介词with，表示“有”，指衣服上有“WE RUN FOR RUBBISH”字样。故填with。
74．句意：孩子甚至宠物都可以参加这个活动。根据“take...in”可知，考查短语take part in“参加”。故填part。
75．句意：李华说，这个城市有200多名来自各行各业的垃圾跑者，比如上班族、瑜伽老师和餐馆老板。根据“Li Hua says there are more than 200 rubbish runners from all walks of life in the city,...as office workers, yoga teachers and restaurant owners.”可知，考查短语such as“例如”，对all walks of life“各行各业”进行举例。故填such。
76．句意：超过90%的选手是中国人。根据“Over 90 percent of the runners...”可知，百分比的单复数根据of后的名词判断，runners为复数，该段落的时态为一般现在时，因此be动词用are。故填are。
77．句意：最大的已经40多岁了，最小的只有5岁。根据“The oldest is in their 40s”可知，前后呼应，考查最高级，young“年轻的”最高级为youngest“最年轻的”。故填youngest。
78．句意：他上个月和父母一起加入了这个团体。根据所给词可知，考查谓语动词的时态，结合“last month”，时态为一般过去时，join“参加”的过去式为joined。故填joined。
79．句意：这个男孩摔断了左臂，但他继续跑，用右手捡垃圾。根据“keeps”可知，考查短语keep doing sth“继续做某事”，所给词run“跑步”需用动名词running。故填running。
80．句意：在上海、北京、重庆、武汉等16个城市都有组织。根据所给名词和“sixteen”可知，考查名词的复数形式，city“城市”的复数为cities。故填cities。

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