辽宁省沈阳市杏坛中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期4月月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Boys and girls, let’s do an experiment in today’s lesson.
Materials:
Instructions:
1. Fill the glass about 2/3 full with water.
2. Drop the egg carefully into the glass and watch it go down towards the bottom.
3. Add about 5 spoons of salt the water. Test to see if your egg floats (漂浮).
4. Add more salt if the egg is still at the bottom.
The science behind it: Things go down in the water when they are denser (稠密的) than the water.
By adding salt, we make the water denser. Once the water is denser than the egg, it goes up.
You can also try other things to see if you can have the same result.
1．What kind of lesson are the students having
A．Math. B．Biology. C．Physics. D．Geography.
2．Which of the following is the result you can see before adding salt to the water
A． B． C． D．
3．According to the experiment, we can learn that ________.
A．The experiment needs more than four materials.
B．Pour the water into the glass and keep the 2/3 distance from the top of it.
C．Nothing else can goes up except the egg in this experiment.
D．If the egg doesn’t rise, you can add one more spoon of salt.
4．The text above is probably taken from ________.
A．a science magazine B．a social app C．a travel guide D．an encyclopedia
Are you still doing the V sign for victory It’s out. The latest popular hand gesture is to curl (卷曲) both of your hands and put them together to make a heart shape. Known as “hand heart”, many young stars in the US including Justin Bieber, Blake Lively and Taylor Swift have done the move in recent photos.
“The heart-hand gesture means something between ‘I love you’ and ‘thank you’” said the country singer Taylor Swift, “It’s a sweet, simple message which you can send without saying a word.” Taylor Swift often puts her hands above her head in the heart shape at her concerts. And she is believed to be the first to make the gesture popular. Last month during a charity show, Justin Bieber and his superstar friends did it to help out three kids whose parents were killed in a car accident. The gesture became a real hit after that.
“It used to take longer for nonverbal (非语言的) culture to move. But now, with smart phones and the Internet, it’s much faster.” said Patti Wood, an American language expert (专家).
In Korea (韩国), the hand heart has been popular for a long time in a different way. People there like making a “bigger heart” by putting their hands above their heads and making a heart shape with their arms. It means “I love you.”
5．We usually use the V sign to express“________”.
A．something between “I love you” and “Thank you” B．love you
C．Thank you D．Victory
6．According to the passage, Taylor Swift has done Gesture ________ in her photos.
A． B． C． D．
7．Nonverbal culture moves much faster nowadays than before because of ________.
A．Superstars B．smart phones and the Internet
C．charity shows D．language experts
8．What is the best title of the text
A．Hand heart in fashion B．Interesting hand gestures
C．New ways to say “I love you” D．Superstars’ act of love
Marta is interviewing a volunteer. Haru, at the meeting.
Marta: What kind of volunteer job do you have
Haru: I work at a nature museum. I teach children’s groups about animals, birds and plants. Last month, I helped some students write a report about the birds they didn’t know.
Marta: That’s interesting. Where did you hear about this job
Haru: I found it through United We Serve. It’s a way for us to volunteer in our own communities. There’s a great website for volunteers. www.serve.gov.
Marta: Is it just for young people
Haru: No, it isn’t. There are chances for everyone!
Marta: I have an idea for a volunteer project. What should I do
Haru: Before you start, you should put your idea on the site and ask for volunteers. Many people are volunteering these days. And more people are going to volunteer in the future. In America, there is a law in which student volunteers can get money for their education. Besides, the number of older people rockets. That means we are going to have more older volunteers, too.
Marta: Fine. What do you want to say to other young men
Haru: ________
Marta: A good call! Thank you for your time, Haru.
Haru: My pleasure.
9．Haru introduces his work by ________.
A．asking a question B．giving an example C．making a comparison D．listing some numbers
10．How did Haru find this volunteer job
A．On the Internet. B．Through a job ad. C．In the newspaper. D．On a TV show.
11．Which of the following can describe the underlined word “rockets”
A． B． C． D．
12．Which of the following can be put in the _________
A．We hope volunteers can speak English.
B．Join us as a volunteer and realize your life value!
C．You can help your neighbours with their food shopping.
D．We should express thanks to the people who do volunteer jobs.
Why do We Yawn
Do you yawn There are about 20 reasons that scientists think are possible for yawning after research. They do not know exactly why yawning happens, but they do know many facts about yawning.
We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds. You take in a lot of air and then push it out. Then you quickly close your mouth. We also know that yawning is contagious. When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too.
Many people say they yawn because they are bored or tired. That might be true. People do often yawn before they sleep and after they wake up. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down.
Some scientists believe that yawning makes you notice things more quickly. When you yawn, you breathe deeply. You also stretch (强化) the muscles (肌肉) in your face, mouth, and neck. Your eardrums stretch, too. Maybe this helps you to be quicker to notice things.
In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in. When they breathe out, they think that bad things go out of the body with the air.
Scientists do not spend much time studying yawning. That is probably because yawning does not hurt. It is just something we do.
13．What does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Able to spread quickly. B．Able to breathe easily.
C．Able to change easily. D．Able to sleep quickly.
14．Why do Olympic runners often yawn before a race
A．They are too tired or too bored.
B．A yawn can let good things in.
C．A yawn can help a warm brain cool down.
D．A yawn can stretch the muscles in their faces.
15．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5
A．Reasons for yawning. B．Advantages of yawning.
C．Disadvantages of yawning. D．Different ideas about yawning.
16．What would be the best structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入1～5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Lanterns (灯笼) have been part of Chinese culture for centuries and played an important part in many celebrations. In ancient times, there were mainly three kinds of lanterns:
Palace lantern
When making palace lanterns, fine wood was used. The palace lanterns were covered with silk or glass. Different kinds of pictures were drawn on the covers. 17 These lanterns were used not only to make the palaces bright, but also to make them beautiful.
Gauze (纱) lantern
Less expensive bamboo and gauze were used to cover the lantern. Red gauze was used when making them. In Chinese culture, red colour is a symbol of happiness, so red lanterns are always hung on important festivals such as Lantern Festival, Spring Festival and National Day in parks along main streets. In some famous Chinatowns abroad, you can see red lanterns all the year round. 18
Shadow-picture lantern (走马灯)
It was usually used for fun. 19 But there were two layers (层) of covers and pictures were drawn on the inside layer. When the candle was lit, the heat caused a paper wheel inside the lantern to turn around, so that moving pictures appeared on the outside cover.
Now more kinds of lanterns appear in festivals besides the traditional ones. More modern technology is used to make lanterns. 20
A．They have become a symbol of Chinese culture.
B．Therefore, the shapes of the modern lanterns have changed a lot, too.
C．They were mainly used in palaces in ancient times.
D．The shape was much like that of the palace lanterns.
E．They are becoming more and more popular with young people.
二、完形填空
For centuries, children in North China wore tiger-head shoes. The shoes are so named because the toecap (鞋头) looks like the head of a big tiger. The traditional shoes are much like the animal itself.
It was not until about 30 years ago that the shoes began to 21 . However, Hu Shuqing, 51, from Henan Province, has spent many years 22 more than 10,000 pairs of the shoes. She will give most of them to public museums, so that the next generation (一代) and the one after can see them. Chinese people began making tiger-head shoes in ancient times. The ancient people believed images (图像) of the animals could protect their children. That’s one 23 why the shoes can still be seen now. On the other hand, the shoes look nice and can keep children warm. In the north of China, it is very cold in winter. The shoes are good for keeping babies’ feet warm.
Tiger-head shoes have many 24 . Some people change the images of tiger heads into frogs or peacocks, while more designs (设计) 25 spiders and snakes.
Hu was born 26 a family of paper cutters. Both her mother and grandmother could also make tiger-head shoes. “My daughter wore the shoes her grandma made when she was a child,” she said.
But her hobby for collecting the shoes did not begin until 2000, when she found a 27 pair at a Spring Festival market. “The images of tigers on the 28 were embroidered (刺绣) according to paper-cutting patterns,” she said.
From that day on, she has collected the shoes. She 29 collected in her hometown, then in other provinces such as Hebei and Shandong.
Hu often goes collecting 30 September and December. “Kids wear tiger-head shoes in winter,” she said. “They are pretty and warm.”
21．A．die out B．come out C．go out D．take out
22．A．making B．designing C．collecting D．buying
23．A．form B．process C．possibility D．reason
24．A．prices B．sizes C．materials D．shapes
25．A．show B．include C．share D．copy
26．A．into B．from C．of D．at
27．A．new B．large C．beautiful D．funny
28．A．feet B．paper C．shoes D．pictures
29．A．first B．often C．mainly D．hardly
30．A．in B．between C．from D．among
三、短文填空
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
As French author Andre Maurois once said, “Without a family, man, alone in the world, trembles (颤抖) with the cold.” Indeed, loving 31 (family) are important in life.
In my family, we all love each other, but even so, misunderstandings happen.
One day, I 32 (do) my homework in my room when my sister entered. Busy 33 homework, I didn’t talk to her and just kept 34 (work). But when I took a rest, I turned my head to see my notebook had messy drawings on it.
I was full of anger and shouted at my sister. “You are 35 (real) a troublemaker, and I hate you.” Hearing the words, my sister began crying and tried 36 (explain) herself. But I didn’t want to hear it. The “silence” afterward lasted for a long time between us.
To solve the problem, my father asked, “Have you seen what 37 drawing is on your notebook ” I shook my head. Then, I looked at it carefully. It said, “Happy birthday”.
At that moment, I realized how inconsiderate (考虑不周的) I was being. 38 drawing on my notebook wasn’t right, my sister’s love was sincere. Feeling guilty (内疚的), I said sorry to my sister, and she smiled back at me. After this, I knew that sometimes you might 39 (hurt) by your families because of conflicts (冲突). But you shouldn’t take them to heart because they are the people who love you 40 (much).
四、任务型阅读
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
In China there are around 130 different languages in different cities and lots of dialects (方言). These dialects come from about eight different language groups. Each group is quite different. For example, a Mandarin (普通话) speaker in northern China would probably understand very little Cantonese (粤语).
Dialects are necessary parts of history. Sheng Guangqi, a teacher at Shandon g University, says, “We can learn about the history of a place by looking at its dialect.” For example, in Shanxi, there are still many people who call matches “qu deng”, which means “get a light”. In the old days,“qu deng” was a piece of small wood with some powder on it. People used it to make fire.
Sheng thinks we can also learn about the culture from dialects. They are as important as Mandarin. “Mandarin is useful in many formal (正式的) situations. But in some art performances, such as local operas and short plays, dialects play an important role,” he said.
Although it is necessary to protect dialects, Zhang Haoming, an expert from the Ministry of Education, said making Mandarin popular is still the most important thing. “We will further promote (推广) Mandarin. At the same time, we will also protect disappearing languages and the cultural meaning behind these languages,” he said.
41．How many language groups are dialects from in China
42．What can we learn from dialects according to Sheng
43．What does the dialect “qu deng” in Shanxi mean
44．Do you think that teachers can use dialects in class Why or why not Write 30 words or more.
五、书面表达
45．为丰富学生校园生活，提升学生精神面貌，树立良好价值观，本月底你校计划举办一次实践活动，特向初二学生征寻活动意见。假设你是李辉，请根据要点提示，为本次实践活动建言献策。
要点提示：1.介绍你喜欢的实践活动；2.说明理由；3.简要描述活动安排或建议；
写作要求：1.短文应包括所有写作要点，条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥；
2.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名；
3.词数80-100，短文开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m happy to hear there will be a practical activity in our school at the end of this month.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope my suggestions help.
Yours
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一项物理实验。
1．细节理解题。根据“Boys and girls, let’s do an experiment in today’s lesson.”可知，孩子们在上物理课。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Drop the egg carefully into the glass and watch it go down towards the bottom.”可知，在加盐之前，鸡蛋朝着底部往下掉。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Add more salt if the egg is still at the bottom.”可知，如果鸡蛋不上升，你可以再加一勺盐。故选D。
4．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了一项物理实验，所以可以在科学杂志上看到。故选A。
5．D 6．A 7．B 8．A
【导语】本文介绍了当前最受欢迎的心形手势，人们经常用心形手势来表达“感谢”和“我爱你”的信息。
5．细节理解题。根据“Are you still doing the V sign for victory ”可知，手势“V”代表“胜利”，故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据“The latest popular hand gesture is to curl both of your hands and put them together to make a heart shape. Known as ‘hand heart’, many young stars in the US including Justin Bieber, Blake Lively and Taylor Swift have done the move in recent photos.”可知，Taylor Swift做得手势是将双手卷曲并放在一起，形成心形，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“But now, with smart phones and the Internet, it’s much faster.”可知，有了智能手机和互联网，传播速度要快得多。故选B。
8．最佳标题题。根据“The heart-hand gesture means something between ‘I love you’ and ‘thank you’”及全文可知， 本文介绍了当前最受欢迎的心形手势。故选A。
9．B 10．A 11．A 12．B
【导语】本文是一则对话。主要谈论了哈鲁的志愿者工作。
9．细节理解题。根据“I work at a nature museum. I teach children’s groups about animals, birds and plants.”可知，哈鲁教孩子们有关动物、鸟类和植物的知识，由此可知哈鲁通过举例子来介绍他自己的工作。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据“I found it through United We Serve. It’s a way for us to volunteer in our own communities (社区). There’s a great website for volunteers. www.serve.gov.”可知，哈鲁在网上找到志愿者工作的。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据“Besides, the number of older people rockets. That means we are going to have more older volunteers, too.”可知，这意味着我们也会有更多的老年志愿者，说明老年人的数量在快速增长，图A符合。故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据“What do you want to say to other young men ”和“A good call!”可知，此处是提出号召，选项B“加入我们的志愿者行列，实现你的人生价值！”符合语境。故选B。
13．A 14．C 15．D 16．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了人们关于打哈欠不同的观点。
13．词义猜测题。根据“When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too.”可知，当别人打哈欠时，你也会打哈欠，所以哈欠是会传染的，划线部分单词意为“能够快速传播”。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down.”可知，打哈欠可以帮助大脑降温，故选C。
15．段落大意题。根据“In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. ... In other countries...”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了不同国家对于打哈欠的看法。故选D。
16．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出了话题；第二至第五段介绍了关于打哈欠的事实；第六段进行总结。故选B。
17．C 18．A 19．D 20．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统的灯笼文化。
17．根据小标题“Palace lantern”可知，此处介绍宫灯的使用地点，C选项“它们在古代主要用于宫殿。”符合语境，故选C。
18．根据”In some famous Chinatowns abroad, you can see red lanterns all the year round.”可知，红色灯笼在重要节日时挂，所以横线上应是介绍红色灯笼，A选项“它们已经成为中国文化的象征。”符合语境，故选A。
19．根据后文“But there were two layers (层) of covers and pictures were drawn on the inside layer.”可知，横线上应是总的介绍灯的样子，D选项“形状更像皇宫的灯笼。”符合语境。故选D。
20．根据“More modern technology is used to make lanterns.”可知，此处讲现代科技对的灯笼制作的影响，B选项“因此，现代灯笼的形状也发生了很大变化。”符合，故选B。
21．A 22．C 23．D 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文介绍了中国非物质文化遗产虎头鞋的产生、发展和传承情况，讲述了河南人胡树青为保护虎头鞋文化所做的努力。
21．句意：直到大约30年前，这种鞋才开始消失。
die out消亡；come out出版；go out出去；take out取出。根据“She will give most of them to public museums, so that the next generation and the one after can see them.”可知虎头鞋逐渐消失了。故选A。
22．句意：然而，来自河南51岁的胡树青多年来收集了一万多双这种鞋。
making制作；designing设计；collecting收集；buying买。根据“From that day on, she has collected the shoes.”可知都是收集来的。故选C。
23．句意：这就是为什么现在还能看到这些鞋子的原因之一。
form形式；process过程；possibility可能性；reason理由。根据“why the shoes can still be seen now”可知这是现在还能看到这种鞋的原因。故选D。
24．句意：虎头鞋有很多种形状。
prices价格；sizes尺码；materials材料；shapes形状。根据“frogs or peacocks”及“spiders and snakes”可知虎头鞋有多种形状。故选D。
25．句意：有些人把老虎的头像改成青蛙或孔雀，而更多的人则设计成蜘蛛和蛇。
show展示；include包括；share分享；copy复制。根据“into frogs or peacocks, while more designs ... spiders and snakes”可知是包含蜘蛛和蛇的更多设计。故选B。
26．句意：胡出生于一个剪纸世家。
into进入；from从；of……的；at在，表示时刻或小地点。be born into“出生于”，固定搭配。故选A。
27．句意：但是她收集鞋子的爱好直到2000年才开始，当时她在一次春节集市上发现了一双漂亮的鞋子。
new新的；large大的；beautiful美丽的；funny滑稽的。根据“From that day on, she has collected the shoes.”可知鞋子很漂亮才想收集。故选C。
28．句意：这个鞋子上的老虎形象是根据剪纸图案绣的。
feet脚；paper纸；shoes鞋；pictures图画/照片。根据“when she found a ... pair at a Spring Festival market”可知是虎头鞋。故选C。
29．句意：她首先在自己的家乡收集，然后在河北和山东等其他省份收集。
first首先；often经常；mainly主要地；hardly几乎不。根据“then”可知表示先后，此处用first。故选A。
30．句意：胡经常在9月和12月去收集。
in在……里面；between在……两者之间；from从；among在……中间，用于三者及以上。根据下文“September and December”可知是两个月份之间，用between。故选B。
31．families 32．was doing 33．with 34．working 35．really 36．to explain 37．the 38．Though/Although 39．be hurt 40．most
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和妹妹之间发生的一件事，告诉我们家人之间的爱是很重要的。
31．句意：的确，充满爱的家庭在生活中很重要。根据“loving”可知，此处形容词修饰名词，所以填名词；根据“are”可知，此处填名词复数，family“家庭”的复数为families。故填families。
32．句意：一天，当我妹妹进来的时候，我正在写作业。根据“when my sister entered”可知，此处用过去进行时，强调妹妹进来的时候我正在做某事，主语为“I”，所以结构为was+现在分词；do“做”的现在分词为doing，故填was doing。
33．句意：忙于作业，我没有和她说话，只是继续写着。根据“Busy...homework,”可知，考查busy with sth.“忙于某事”，故填with。
34．句意：忙于作业，我没有和她说话，只是继续写着。根据“kept”可知，考查keep doing sth.“保持做某事”，所以此空填动名词，work的动名词为working。故填working。
35．句意：你真的是个麻烦制造者，我讨厌你。根据“are”可知，此处修饰动词用副词，real“真的”的副词为really。故填really。
36．句意：听到这句话，我妹妹开始哭泣，并尽力解释自己。根据“tried”可知，考查tried to do sth.“尽力做某事”，所以此空填动词不定式。故填to explain。
37．句意：你看到笔记本上的图画了吗？根据“what...drawing is on your notebook”及“I turned my head to see my notebook had messy drawings on it.”可知，此处特指画在我笔记本上的图画，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
38．句意：虽然在我的笔记本上画画是不对的，但我妹妹的爱是真诚的。根据“drawing on my notebook wasn’t right, my sister’s love was sincere.”可知，前后两句为让步关系，所以填Though或Although引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although。
39．句意：在这之后，我知道有时你可能会因为冲突而受到家人的伤害。根据“by your families”可知，此处为被动语态，结构为be+过去分词；情态动词might后用动词原形，hurt的过去分词为hurt。故填be hurt。
40．句意：但你不应该把他们放在心上，因为他们是最爱你的人。根据“because they are the people who love you”可知，家人是最爱你的，所以此处填副词much的最高级most。故填most。
41．About eight. 42．The history of a place and culture. 43．Get a light. 44．I think teachers can use dialects in class. Because by using dialects in class, teachers can not only make lessons more lively, but also make students become more interested in Chinese history and traditional culture. Besides, it can help stop dialects from disappearing in this way.
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的方言的相关情况.
41．根据“These dialects come from about eight different language groups.”可知，这些方言来自大约八个不同的语言群体，故填About eight.
42．根据“We can learn about the history of a place by looking at its dialect.”及“Sheng thinks we can also learn about the culture from dialects.”可知，在Sheng看来，通过方言，我们可以学习到一个地方的历史和文化，故填The history of a place and culture.
43．根据“For example, in Shanxi, there are still many people who call matches ‘qu deng’, which means ‘get a light’”可知，意味着“get a light”，故填Get a light.
44．本题是开放性回答，言之有理即可。例如：我认为老师可以在课堂上使用方言。因为通过在课堂上使用方言，老师不仅可以使课堂更加生动，还可以使学生对中国历史和传统文化更加感兴趣。此外，它可以帮助阻止方言以这种方式消失。故填I think teachers can use dialects in class. Because by using dialects in class, teachers can not only make lessons more lively, but also make students become more interested in Chinese history and traditional culture. Besides, it can help stop dialects from disappearing in this way.
45．例文：
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m happy to hear there will be a practical activity in our school at the end of this month. I like climbing mountains with my classmates. We can enjoy the beauty of nature. We can also make friends and help each other on the way.
To make the activity more interesting, I hope to go to East Mountain on June 25th. Since it’s a little far, we’d better meet at the school gate at 7: 30 a.m. and go there by bus. We can collect some history stories about the famous mountain so that we can share them together. It’ll be nice if we can try some local food for lunch there. In the afternoon, we can pick up the rubbish to protect the environment. Then we can go home at 4: 30 p.m. We’re sure to have great fun.
Hope my suggestions help.
Yours
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示的内容，适当增加细节，并且突出写作的要点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍你喜欢的实践活动及理由；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。重点介绍活动安排和建议；
第三步，表达自己对活动成功的祝福。
[亮点词汇]
①the beauty of nature自然之美
②since既然
③pick up捡起
[高分句型]
①Since it’s a little far, we’d better meet at the school gate at 7: 30 a.m. and go there by bus. (原因状语从句)
②It’ll be nice if we can try some local food for lunch there. (条件状语从句)
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答案第1页，共2页

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