热点时事话题专练09体育精神
主要内容
1 患有唐氏综合征的Tess Trojan 在运动方面取得的成就
2 跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他
3 印度著名田径运动员Milkha Singh的相关情况
4 日本计划在2021年重新组织东京奥运会的开幕式并发布了第一份剧本指导相关的程序
5 30多岁的作者依然坚持跑完马拉松，突破自我，挑战不可能
6 对于运动员来说，并不是练习的越多越好，重要的是有一个全面的计划并设定成绩目标，并阐述了设定成绩目标的好处
7 2022年北京冬奥会的成功举办
8 校报正在举办主题为"我最钦佩的运动员"的征文比赛，请写一篇短文参赛
一、完形填空
（2023·广东模拟）阅读下面短文, 从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past 17 years, Tess Trojan has competed in the Special Olympics, with no intentions of slowing down anytime soon.
Tess Trojan has been living with Down Syndrome（唐氏综合症）, a 1． in which extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child 2． , both mentally and physically.
3． her disease, the 26-year-old woman from Canada won the gold medal in golf at the 2014 National Games. Soon, she 4． to Los Angeles for the 2015 Special Olympics World Summer Games, which attracted roughly 7, 000 athletes from 177 countries.
In 2000, she 5． as a bowling athlete. And today, she 6． plays baseball, basketball, tennis and golf with her primary 7． on being golf. She trains hard with her golf coaches and understands that golf is mostly a game of 8． your mental ability. "For golf, you have to be mentally prepared, " she said. Not only is she an extremely talented golfer, but Trojan has also won awards for swimming and tennis. "I love doing 9． sports. So when I was young I used to jump from one sport to another, " she said.
Being a multi-sport athlete is something she recommends to kids. "Be 10． to learning new sports and you will have many fresh 11． , "Trojan often tells kids.
Her positive attitude is contagious（感染性的）and evidently making a 12． in a young girl that she coaches. For the past year, Trojan has 13． Emi, a six-year-old girl with Down Syndrome, learn about different sports. They, of course, also make time for fun things like arts and crafts. Emi, who used to be fat, ill and depressed, has now become 14． , healthy and positive. Trojan says she loves working with kids and hopes to do more in the future. She thinks that it's a way of 15． to help others.
1．A．stage B．state C．position D．condition
2．A．performs B．develops C．thinks D．studies
3．A．Despite B．Besides C．Beyond D．Above
4．A．headed B．appealed C．contributed D．leaded
5．A．served B．acted C．ended D．started
6．A．regularly B．casually C．quietly D．occasionally
7．A．goal B．instruction C．concern D．focus
8．A．proving B．succeeding C．challenging D．damaging
9．A．adventurous B．unique C．various D．simple
10．A．similar B．open C．sensitive D．accessible
11．A．ideas B．senses C．opinions D．experiences
12．A．promise B．decision C．difference D．mistake
13．A．helped B．encouraged C．persuaded D．reminded
14．A．heavy B．fit C．powerful D．worried
15．A．slowing down B．paying back C．giving up D．cutting down
（2022·广东模拟）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In
the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but
against themselves to achieve a new personal best. Aiming to 16． his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.
However, his legs cramped(抽筋)and 17． him with only 200 meters to go. Determined to 18． ,
Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another
50 meters.
19． ,
his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop. He didn't. With great 20． Cerveny pulled himself up and with a(n) 21． pace, moved forward for one final push. 22． , it wasn't enough. 100 meters from the
finish line, his legs simply 23． .
Before
his coach could 24． him, another runner- Brandon-was at his side
to help. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he 25． to quit too. With a second pull, Cerveny was 26． . At a measured jog, the two completed
the final 100 meters of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for 27． Brandon even made sure
Cerveny crossed the finish line first, securing his 28． a faster time
In today's 29． world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was 30． to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs.
16．A．play B．beat C．check D．measure
17．A．failed B．warned C．dragged D．raised
18．A．rest B．win C．leave D．finish
19．A．Relieved B．Exhausted C．Concerned D．Disappointed
20．A．luck B．effort C．passion D．respect
21．A．rapid B．relaxed C．unsteady D．impatient
22．A．Normally B．Eventually C．Unbelievably D．Unfortunately
23．A．gave out B．broke up C．fell down D．slowed down
24．A．guide B．reach C．serve D．blame
25．A．refused B．hesitated C．regretted D．pretended
26．A．in his hand B．out of breath C．on his feet D．out of danger
27．A．direction B．support C．courage D．comfort
28．A．assistant B．teammate C．follower D．opponent
29．A．diverse B．well-developed C．competitive D．ever-changing
30．A．urgent B．common C．confusing D．inspiring
二、阅读理解
（2021·枣庄模拟）阅读理解
For
a number of Indians who for over half a century have replayed a race again and
again, Milkha Singh's 400 metres final run at the Rome Olympics should be among
the greatest heartbreaks in global sporting history. In fact, they hoped it
would throw up a different result.
However,
continued praise for the man decades later is due to the effort by India's
greatest track athlete on that September day in the Italian capital, though he
still missed out on becoming India's first Olympic track medallist.
As
he was growing up, he used to run barefoot daily on hot sand to school, which
was situated 20 kilometres from his house. He thinks this was good training but
knows it is not possible to ask children to do this today. However, he does
feel that the early identification of talented athletes is also important for
India's athletic teams to shine.
India
has in the last few years judged success purely in terms of medals, but looking
into the past reveals how a more generous generation saluted Milkha as a
pioneer. Milkha is India's finest track athlete of all time. He remains the
only Indian male to win an individual Commonwealth Games athletics gold—he won
the 400 metres at Cardiff in 1958，the first
athlete from independent India to do so.
Since
retiring from athletics, the former champion athlete has set up the Milkha
Singh Charitable Trust, which helps poorer families survive if an athlete in
their family has died. A percentage of the profits from the film Bhaag Milkha
Bhaag are going to his trust.
Finally,
let's read a quote from Milkha himself: "There is no shortcut to success."
A scene in the film shows Milkha Singh running with injured feet—this actually
happened. "I haven't found an alternative to hard work. You need to be
patient, dedicated and true to yourself and your work."
31．What has won Milkha Singh continued praise
A．His early hard life experience.
B．His outstanding athletic talent.
C．His status in global sports history.
D．His effort to win an Olympic medal.
32．What does Milkha Singh think of his early training
A．Exciting. B．Unbearable. C．Beneficial. D．Useless.
33．What did Milkha Singh do after his retirement
A．He turned into a movie actor. B．He learned to do business.
C．He became an athletic trainer. D．He engaged in charity work.
34．What can we learn from Milkha Singh's words
A．Hard work leads to success. B．Do something different.
C．Medals measure everything. D．Stick to your dream.
（2021·黄山模拟）阅读理解
After
nearly two months of relative silence among new waves ofCOVID-19 pandemic
infection in Japan, organizers of Tokyo Olympics on Wednesday released the
first of playbooks that will instruct athletes, officials and members of the
news media on the procedures they must follow at the rescheduled Games.
Already
delayed by a year, the opening ceremony is now a little more than 120 days
away. Organizers must find a way to accommodate and ensure the safety of more
than 10,000 athletes who view this summer as the result of years of sacrifice
and training.
For
now, the best that organizers could offer were the outlines of a plan. Athletes
and other attendees will not be required to be vaccinated (接种疫苗) or to quarantine (隔离) on arrival in Japan,
but they will be subject to severe restrictions on movement and socializing.
All athletes will be required to test negative for COVID-19 within 72 hours of
their departure for Japan and give in to another test on arrival.
The
organizers said the documents were not an end. They would wait until spring to
decide if audiences will be permitted to travel to Tokyo. If fans are
eventually allowed to attend, the documents suggest they be asked to express
support for athletes only in the form of clapping, rather than singing or chanting.
To track outbreaks, visitors from abroad will have to file a list of everyone
they have close contact with during that initial 14-day period.
Olympic
officials see some reason for optimism. In many parts of the world,
professional sporting events have been held for months, though often with very
few or no spectators at all, and nothing as large as the Summer Games.
35．Which is a function of the playbooks according to Paragraph 1
A．Guiding athletes into facilities.
B．Teaching athletes to follow the steps of the Games.
C．Informing reporters of upcoming events.
D．Training officials in organizational work.
36．What will athletes be required to do on arriving in Japan
A．To prove COVID-19 negative with a test.
B．To be banned from moving around and socializing.
C．To test negative for COVID-19 within 72 hours of arrival.
D．To be vaccinated and to quarantine for at least 72 hours.
37．Which of the following can be concluded from the text
A．The playbooks mark the end of preparations for the Olympics.
B．Foreigners won't be vaccinated because the pandemic will have ended.
C．Foreigners will report their initial 14-day's close contacts.
D．Foreign visitors will flood to Japan to watch the Olympics.
38．What is the prospect of the Tokyo Olympiad
A．It will be ever the most successful sporting event.
B．It is still unpredictable with uncertainties.
C．The number of spectators will be small.
D．Athletes worldwide will participate regardless of the pandemic.
39．（2018·北京）阅读理解
A
My First Marathon（马拉松）
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.
（1）A month before the marathon, the author ____________.
A．was well trained B．felt scared
C．made up his mind to run D．lost hope
（2）Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year
A．To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B．To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C．To show he was not talented in sports.
D．To share a precious memory.
（3）How was the author's first marathon
A．He made it. B．He quit halfway.
C．He got the first prize. D．He walked to the end.
（4）What does the story mainly tell us
A．A man owes his success to his family support.
B．A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C．Failure is the mother of success.
D．One is never too old to learn.
三、任务型阅读
40．（2020·浙江模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项里选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有2选项为多余选项
Training "smart"
is more important than the amount of daily practice.
Too often
an athlete believes that the more he or she practices, the more proficient he/she will become. 　 　 It can also be harmful to achieving the desired outcome. An athlete who practices frequently and hard without an overall plan will be more likely to suffer the effects of overtraining rather
than actually
improving performance.
　 　 Yet, by developing a set of specific goals and a plan for reaching those goals, athletes can more effectively use their practice time and even reduce the time required in practice to attain their goals. Obviously, this does not mean that the martial artist can achieve rank or win tournaments with little practice. 　 　
Setting performance
goals is beneficial for a number of reasons. 　 　 When the martial artist is able to observe progress towards a goal on a daily or weekly basis, he or she is more likely to remain interested in achieving that goal. If instead, he/she engages in routine practice towards a belt rank that is six months away, it is easier to become discouraged. In addition, goal setting helps the athlete know what is expected which allows for greater attention to a particular skill that needs to be developed. 　 　 Finally, setting realistic, achievable
goals increases
the athlete's
self-confidence which
is crucial to the ultimate outcome of success. Self-confidence increases
because his/her
attitude regarding
success becomes
more positive
as goals are accomplished.
A.
It
is not always the case.
B.
However,
such training
is ineffective.
C.
It
reduces boredom
and increases
motivation.
D.
Thus,
practice becomes
more focused and efficient.
E.
It
means that the athlete does not need to waste time.
F.
Firstly,
it requires less patience and boosts confidence.
G.
Typically,
they will experience burn-out,
exhaustion, and
increased injuries.
四、语法填空
（2022·四川模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has left a deep 　41． 　 (impress) on people across the globe. At Beijing 2022, a total of 2, 877 athletes from 91 countries and regions 　42． 　 (compete) for 109 gold medals. "Athletes competed 　43． 　 (brave) to exceed limits, setting a number of new world records and Olympic records. This is 　44． 　vivid representation of the Olympic motto-Faster, Higher, Stronger, Together," said Cai Qi, president of the Beijing organizing committee.
Beijing is the first city 　45． 　 (host) both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Besides the competitions, the unique charm of Beijing and the thoughtful services which the city offered to all participants 　46． 　 (value). As the first global multi-sport event held as scheduled during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Beijing Winter Games attached great importance 　47． 　the health and safety of all participants. "Our COVID-19 policy has been 　48． 　 (effect), setting a successful example for other major international events held during the pandemic," Cai said.
The Beijing Games 　49． 　theme is Together for a shared future have also left the city with rich legacies (遗产), 　50． 　 (include) engaging 346 million people in ice and snow sports as well as hosting the Games in a more sustainable way.
五、书面表达
51．（2022·丹东模拟）在结束不久的2022年北京冬奥会上，我国运动员苏翊鸣，徐梦桃等人表现出色，一跃成为新晋校园偶像，为鼓励同学们致敬运动员，学习他们努力拼搏的体育精神，你校校报正在举办主题为"我最钦佩的运动员"的征文比赛，请写一篇短文参赛。内容包括:
1）我最钦佩的运动员及原因;
2）表达向他／她学习的决心。
注意：词数80左右；可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。
The
Athlete I Admire Most
精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
()
热点时事话题专练09体育精神
主要内容
1 患有唐氏综合征的Tess Trojan 在运动方面取得的成就
2 跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他
3 印度著名田径运动员Milkha Singh的相关情况
4 日本计划在2021年重新组织东京奥运会的开幕式并发布了第一份剧本指导相关的程序
5 30多岁的作者依然坚持跑完马拉松，突破自我，挑战不可能
6 对于运动员来说，并不是练习的越多越好，重要的是有一个全面的计划并设定成绩目标，并阐述了设定成绩目标的好处
7 2022年北京冬奥会的成功举办
8 校报正在举办主题为"我最钦佩的运动员"的征文比赛，请写一篇短文参赛
一、完形填空
（2023·广东模拟）阅读下面短文, 从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past 17 years, Tess Trojan has competed in the Special Olympics, with no intentions of slowing down anytime soon.
Tess Trojan has been living with Down Syndrome（唐氏综合症）, a 1． in which extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child 2． , both mentally and physically.
3． her disease, the 26-year-old woman from Canada won the gold medal in golf at the 2014 National Games. Soon, she 4． to Los Angeles for the 2015 Special Olympics World Summer Games, which attracted roughly 7, 000 athletes from 177 countries.
In 2000, she 5． as a bowling athlete. And today, she 6． plays baseball, basketball, tennis and golf with her primary 7． on being golf. She trains hard with her golf coaches and understands that golf is mostly a game of 8． your mental ability. "For golf, you have to be mentally prepared, " she said. Not only is she an extremely talented golfer, but Trojan has also won awards for swimming and tennis. "I love doing 9． sports. So when I was young I used to jump from one sport to another, " she said.
Being a multi-sport athlete is something she recommends to kids. "Be 10． to learning new sports and you will have many fresh 11． , "Trojan often tells kids.
Her positive attitude is contagious（感染性的）and evidently making a 12． in a young girl that she coaches. For the past year, Trojan has 13． Emi, a six-year-old girl with Down Syndrome, learn about different sports. They, of course, also make time for fun things like arts and crafts. Emi, who used to be fat, ill and depressed, has now become 14． , healthy and positive. Trojan says she loves working with kids and hopes to do more in the future. She thinks that it's a way of 15． to help others.
1．A．stage B．state C．position D．condition
2．A．performs B．develops C．thinks D．studies
3．A．Despite B．Besides C．Beyond D．Above
4．A．headed B．appealed C．contributed D．leaded
5．A．served B．acted C．ended D．started
6．A．regularly B．casually C．quietly D．occasionally
7．A．goal B．instruction C．concern D．focus
8．A．proving B．succeeding C．challenging D．damaging
9．A．adventurous B．unique C．various D．simple
10．A．similar B．open C．sensitive D．accessible
11．A．ideas B．senses C．opinions D．experiences
12．A．promise B．decision C．difference D．mistake
13．A．helped B．encouraged C．persuaded D．reminded
14．A．heavy B．fit C．powerful D．worried
15．A．slowing down B．paying back C．giving up D．cutting down
【答案】1．D；2．B；3．A；4．A；5．D；6．A；7．D；8．C；9．C；10．B；11．D；12．C；13．A；14．B；15．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了患有唐氏综合征的Tess Trojan 在运动方面取得的成就。Tess Trojan一直以来以golf为主，同时积极参加多种运动，并从中受益。她还帮助别的孩子学习不同的运动。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．句意：泰丝·特洛伊一直患有唐氏综合症，这是一种额外的遗传物质导致儿童智力和身体发育迟缓的疾病。A. stage"舞台"；B. state"状态"；C. position"位置，姿势"；D. condition"疾病"。根据上文，提到的唐氏综合征可知，这是一种疾病。故选D。
2．句意：泰丝·特洛伊一直患有唐氏综合症，这是一种额外的遗传物质导致儿童智力和身体发育迟缓的疾病。A. performs"表演"；B. develops"发展"；C. thinks"认为"；D. studies"学习"。根据空前"causes delays"和空后"both mentally and physically"可知，该疾病会影响孩子身心发育，develop此处有"成长、发育"之意。故选B。
3．句意：尽管身患疾病，这位来自加拿大的26岁女子还是在2014年全运会上获得了高尔夫金牌。A. Despite"尽管"；B. Besides"此外"；C. Beyond"除了"；D. Above"在……上面"。根据语境可知，尽管主人公身患疾病，她还是获得了高尔夫的全国比赛金牌，故选A。
4．句意：不久，她前往洛杉矶参加2015年世界夏季特殊奥林匹克运动会，该运动会吸引了来自177个国家的约7000名运动员。A. headed"前往"；B. appealed"呼吁"；C. contributed"贡献"；D. leaded"带领"。根据空后"to Los Angeles for the 2015 Special Olympics World Summer Games"可知主人公是前往洛杉矶参加运动会，故选A。
5．句意：2000年，她开始成为了一名保龄球运动员。A. served"服务"；B. acted"行动"；C. ended"结束"；D. started"开始"。根据下文" And today， she 6 plays baseball, basketball, tennis and golf with her primary 7 on being golf."可知，开始时她是保龄球运动员。故选D。
6．句意：如今，她经常打棒球、篮球、网球和高尔夫球，她的主要关注点是高尔夫球。A. regularly"定期地"；B. casually"随意地"；C. quietly"安静地"；D. occasionally"偶然"。根据空后"plays baseball, basketball, tennis and golf"可知，主人公运动爱好广泛，她始于bowling athlete，至今仍然以golf为主的基础上也经常参加其他运动项目。故选A。
7．句意：如今，她经常打棒球、篮球、网球和高尔夫球，她的主要关注点是高尔夫球。A. goal"目的"；B. instruction"指导"；C. concern"关心，担心"；D. focus"焦点"。根据下文"She trains hard with her golf coaches"并结合前文内容可知，虽然主人公喜欢多种运动，但是还是保证了golf的中心地位，才有其2014年取得全国金牌的好成绩。故选D。
8．句意：她和她的高尔夫教练一起刻苦训练，她明白高尔夫主要是一项挑战你心理能力的运动。A. proving"证明"；B. succeeding"成功"；C. challenging"挑战"；D. damaging"毁坏"。根据下文"‘For golf, you have to be mentally prepared, ' she said."可知，她明白高尔夫是挑战心理能力的运动。故选C。
9．句意："我喜欢做各种运动。所以当我年轻的时候，我经常从一个项目跳到另一个项目，"她说。A. adventurous"冒险的"；B. unique"独一无二的"；C. various"不同的"；D. simple"简单的"。根据上文"plays baseball, basketball, tennis and golf"可知主人公喜欢各种运动。故选C。
10．句意："乐于地学习新的运动，你会有很多新鲜的经验，"特洛伊经常告诉孩子们。A. similar"相似的"；B. open"开放的"；C. sensitive"敏感的"；D. accessible"可进入的"。根据上文"Being a multi-sport athlete is something she recommends to kids."可知，她推荐孩子们乐于学习新的运动。be open to固定短语"愿接受……的"。故选B。
11．句意："乐于地学习新的运动，你会有很多新鲜的经验，"特洛伊经常告诉孩子们。A. ideas"想法"；B. senses"感觉"；C. opinions"意见"；D. experiences"经历"。根据上文"Being a multi-sport athlete is something she recommends to kids."可知，接受多种运动，学习新的运动，会有很多新的经历。故选D。
12．句意：她积极的态度很有感染力，显然对她所指导的一个小女孩产生了影响。A. promise"诺言"；B. decision"决定"；C. difference"不同之处"；D. mistake"错误"。根据空前"Her positive attitude is contagious (感染性的)"可知，主人公对她所教的孩子们的影响很大。后文的例子也是围绕这个观点展开的。make a difference 固定短语，"有影响"，故选C。
13．句意：在过去的一年里，特洛伊帮助患有唐氏综合症的六岁女孩埃米学习不同的运动。A. helped"帮助"；B. encouraged"鼓励"；C. persuaded"说服"；D. reminded"提醒"。根据上文"Her positive attitude is contagious(感染性的)and evidently making a 12 in a young girl that she coaches."提到主人公对体育的积极态度对别人的影响，本句是讲述了其帮助Emi学习不同的运动的事例。故选A。
14．句意：曾经肥胖、生病、抑郁的Emi现在变得健康、健壮、积极。A. heavy"沉重的"；B. fit"健康的"；C. powerful"强大的"；D. worried"担心的"。本句强调了学习多种运动对Emi的正面影响。根据空前"fat，ill and depressed"对应后半句的"healthy and positive"可知， 现在的Emi健康积极。故选B。
15．句意：她认为这是帮助别人的一种回报方式。A. slowing down"减速"；B. paying back"偿还"；C. giving up"放弃"；D. cutting down"砍断"。根据上文"Trojan says she loves working with kids and hopes to do more in the future"可知，特洛伊说，她喜欢和孩子们一起工作，并希望在未来做更多的事情。联系主人公的成长经历，该句表达的是主人公认为帮助孩子是一种回报。主人公作为一个有唐氏综合症的人，成功的路上需要更多的帮助和支持，因此成功后，回报社会是一种自然的选择。故选B。
（2022·广东模拟）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In
the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but
against themselves to achieve a new personal best. Aiming to 16． his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.
However, his legs cramped(抽筋)and 17． him with only 200 meters to go. Determined to 18． ,
Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another
50 meters.
19． ,
his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop. He didn't. With great 20． Cerveny pulled himself up and with a(n) 21． pace, moved forward for one final push. 22． , it wasn't enough. 100 meters from the
finish line, his legs simply 23． .
Before
his coach could 24． him, another runner- Brandon-was at his side
to help. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he 25． to quit too. With a second pull, Cerveny was 26． . At a measured jog, the two completed
the final 100 meters of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for 27． Brandon even made sure
Cerveny crossed the finish line first, securing his 28． a faster time
In today's 29． world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was 30． to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs.
16．A．play B．beat C．check D．measure
17．A．failed B．warned C．dragged D．raised
18．A．rest B．win C．leave D．finish
19．A．Relieved B．Exhausted C．Concerned D．Disappointed
20．A．luck B．effort C．passion D．respect
21．A．rapid B．relaxed C．unsteady D．impatient
22．A．Normally B．Eventually C．Unbelievably D．Unfortunately
23．A．gave out B．broke up C．fell down D．slowed down
24．A．guide B．reach C．serve D．blame
25．A．refused B．hesitated C．regretted D．pretended
26．A．in his hand B．out of breath C．on his feet D．out of danger
27．A．direction B．support C．courage D．comfort
28．A．assistant B．teammate C．follower D．opponent
29．A．diverse B．well-developed C．competitive D．ever-changing
30．A．urgent B．common C．confusing D．inspiring
【答案】16．B；17．A；18．D；19．C；20．B；21．C；22．D；23．A；24．B；25．A；26．C；27．B；28．D；29．C；30．D
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。A.play“播放”；B.beat“赛过，胜过”；C.check“检查”；D.measure“措施”。根据上文“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.”在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平。可知，Cerveny对自己要求很高，要与自己竞争以达到最高水平。此处指Cerveny打破自己过去创下的记录。beat a record，固定短语，“打破纪录”，故选B。
17．句意：然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了。A.failed“失败”；B.warned“警告”；C. dragged“拖”；D.raised “举起，提高”。此处指Cerveny腿抽筋，无法支撑他，他摔倒了。fail sb固定短语，“使某人失望，有负于某人，某人无能为力”，故选A。
18．句意：Cerveny下定决心要完成比赛，他从地面上爬起来，继续前进，但在又爬了50米后又倒了下去。A.rest“休息”；B.win“赢”；C.leave“离开”；D.finish“完成”。根据空后“rose from the ground and continued on”可知，Cerveny还想往前，不能打破纪录，但必须完成比赛。故选D。
19．句意：他的教练很担心地问他是否想停下来。A.Relieved“解脱”；B.Exhausted“筋疲力尽”；C.Concerned“关心”；D.Disappointed“失望”。根据语境，自己队的参赛选手身体出了状况，教练肯定会担心。故选C。
20．句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.luck“运气”；B.effort“努力”；C.passion“激情”；D.respect“尊重”。根据语境，Cerveny的腿抽筋，站着很费力。with great effort，固定短语，“吃力地，经过巨大的努力”，故选B。
21．句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.rapid“快速的”；B.relaxed“放松的”；C.unsteady“不稳定的”；D.impatient“没耐心的”。根据上文“With great 5 Cerveny pulled himself up”Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，可知，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，站起来都很费力，冲刺的话，脚步肯定不稳定，踉踉跄跄的。故选C。
22．句意：不幸的是，这还不够。A.Normally“通常”；B.Eventually“最终”；C.Unbelievably“令人难以置信的”；D.Unfortunately“不幸地”。根据下文“100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply 8 .”在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。可知，Cerveny尽管努力了，但是离终点线还有一段距离，故选D。
23．句意：在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。A.gave out“精疲力竭”；B.broke up“分手，分解”；C.fell down“倒下”；D.slowed down“减速”。根据上文“However, his legs cramped (抽筋) and 2 him with only 200 meters to go.”然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了。可知，Cerveny在还剩200米处腿抽筋的情况下，还往前跑了100米，可推知，此时此刻，他的双腿已精疲力竭。故选A。
24．句意：他的教练还没来得及赶到，另一个跑步者Brandon已经在他身边帮忙了。A.guide“引导”；B.reach“到达”；C.serve“服务”；D.blame“责怪”。根据空后“at his side to help”，可知，教练没有Brandon跑得快，没能第一时间到达倒下的Cerveny身边。故选B。
25．句意：他第一次把 Cerveny拉起来的尝试失败了，但他也拒绝放弃。A.refused“拒绝”；B.hesitated“犹豫”；C.regretted“后悔”；D.pretended“假装”。根据下文“With a second pull, Cerveny was 11 .”又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来，可知，尽管第一次没有把 Cerveny从地上拉起来，第二次成功了，可推知，Brandon拒绝放弃。故选A。
26．句意：又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来。A.in his hand“在他手里”；B.out of breath“喘不过气来”；C.on his feet“站起来”；D.out of danger“危险”。根据空前，“With a second pull”, Brandon拉起了倒下的Cerveny，使他站起来。故选C。
27．句意：在Cerveny扶着Brandon作支撑，两人缓慢地跑完了最后的100米。A.direction“方向”；B.support“支持”；C.courage“勇气”；D.comfort“安慰”。根据语境，腿部抽筋导致步履踉跄的Cerveny还能跑完最后的一段距离，得到了Brandon的支撑。故选B。
28．句意：Brandon甚至确保Cerveny第一个冲过终点线，保证对手的速度更快一点。A.assistant“助理”；B.teammate“队友”；C.follower“跟随者”；D.opponent“对手”。根据上文“Aiming to　 1 　his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.”为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。可知，Cerveny是一个优秀的运动员，本想在这次比赛中打破自己的纪录，在比赛中，他和Brandon为对手。故选D。
29．句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.diverse“多样的”；B.well-developed“发展良好的”；C.competitive“竞争激烈的”；D.ever-changing“不断变化”。根据上文“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.”在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平。可知，运动中，竞争很激烈，可推知，整个世界也是竞争激烈的，故选C。
30．句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.urgent“紧急的”；B.common“常见的”；C.confusing“困惑的”；D.inspiring“鼓舞人心的”。根据上文Brandon帮助Cerveny一起冲刺跑完最后100米可知，他们两人体现出了真正的体育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故选D。
二、阅读理解
（2021·枣庄模拟）阅读理解
For
a number of Indians who for over half a century have replayed a race again and
again, Milkha Singh's 400 metres final run at the Rome Olympics should be among
the greatest heartbreaks in global sporting history. In fact, they hoped it
would throw up a different result.
However,
continued praise for the man decades later is due to the effort by India's
greatest track athlete on that September day in the Italian capital, though he
still missed out on becoming India's first Olympic track medallist.
As
he was growing up, he used to run barefoot daily on hot sand to school, which
was situated 20 kilometres from his house. He thinks this was good training but
knows it is not possible to ask children to do this today. However, he does
feel that the early identification of talented athletes is also important for
India's athletic teams to shine.
India
has in the last few years judged success purely in terms of medals, but looking
into the past reveals how a more generous generation saluted Milkha as a
pioneer. Milkha is India's finest track athlete of all time. He remains the
only Indian male to win an individual Commonwealth Games athletics gold—he won
the 400 metres at Cardiff in 1958，the first
athlete from independent India to do so.
Since
retiring from athletics, the former champion athlete has set up the Milkha
Singh Charitable Trust, which helps poorer families survive if an athlete in
their family has died. A percentage of the profits from the film Bhaag Milkha
Bhaag are going to his trust.
Finally,
let's read a quote from Milkha himself: "There is no shortcut to success."
A scene in the film shows Milkha Singh running with injured feet—this actually
happened. "I haven't found an alternative to hard work. You need to be
patient, dedicated and true to yourself and your work."
31．What has won Milkha Singh continued praise
A．His early hard life experience.
B．His outstanding athletic talent.
C．His status in global sports history.
D．His effort to win an Olympic medal.
32．What does Milkha Singh think of his early training
A．Exciting. B．Unbearable. C．Beneficial. D．Useless.
33．What did Milkha Singh do after his retirement
A．He turned into a movie actor. B．He learned to do business.
C．He became an athletic trainer. D．He engaged in charity work.
34．What can we learn from Milkha Singh's words
A．Hard work leads to success. B．Do something different.
C．Medals measure everything. D．Stick to your dream.
【答案】31．D
32．C
33．D
34．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了印度著名田径运动员Milkha Singh的相关情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
31．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“…continued praise for the man decades later is due to the effort by India's greatest track athlete on that September day in the Italian capitalthough he still missed out on becoming India's first Olympic track medallist. “几十年后对他的赞扬是由于这位印度最伟大的田径运动员在9月的那一天在意大利首都所付出的努力，尽管他仍然错过了成为印度第一个奥运田径奖牌获得者。 可知，人们对Milkha Singh的持续赞扬是由于他为赢得奥林匹克奖牌所付出的努力。故选D。
32．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“As he was growing up, he used to run barefoot daily on hot sand to school, which was situated 20 kilometres from his house. He thinks this was good training.”他小时候每天都赤脚在炎热的沙滩上跑去上学，学校离他家有20公里远。他认为这是很好的训练，可推知， 米尔哈·辛格认为他早期的训练很有益。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Since retiring from athletics, the former champion athlete has set up the Milkha Singh Charitable Trust, which helps poorer families survive if an athlete in their family has died.“从田径退役后，这位前冠军运动员建立了米尔哈·辛格慈善信托基金，帮助那些家里有运动员去世的贫困家庭。可知，米尔哈·辛格退役后从事慈善工作。故选D。
34．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There is no shortcut to success. … I haven't found an alternative to hard work. You need to be patient, dedicated and true to yourself and your work.”成功没有捷径。……我还没找到能代替努力工作的方法。你需要有耐心，奉献精神，忠于你自己和工作。由此可推断，从米尔哈·辛格的话中，我们应该知道努力工作才能成功。故选A。
（2021·黄山模拟）阅读理解
After
nearly two months of relative silence among new waves ofCOVID-19 pandemic
infection in Japan, organizers of Tokyo Olympics on Wednesday released the
first of playbooks that will instruct athletes, officials and members of the
news media on the procedures they must follow at the rescheduled Games.
Already
delayed by a year, the opening ceremony is now a little more than 120 days
away. Organizers must find a way to accommodate and ensure the safety of more
than 10,000 athletes who view this summer as the result of years of sacrifice
and training.
For
now, the best that organizers could offer were the outlines of a plan. Athletes
and other attendees will not be required to be vaccinated (接种疫苗) or to quarantine (隔离) on arrival in Japan,
but they will be subject to severe restrictions on movement and socializing.
All athletes will be required to test negative for COVID-19 within 72 hours of
their departure for Japan and give in to another test on arrival.
The
organizers said the documents were not an end. They would wait until spring to
decide if audiences will be permitted to travel to Tokyo. If fans are
eventually allowed to attend, the documents suggest they be asked to express
support for athletes only in the form of clapping, rather than singing or chanting.
To track outbreaks, visitors from abroad will have to file a list of everyone
they have close contact with during that initial 14-day period.
Olympic
officials see some reason for optimism. In many parts of the world,
professional sporting events have been held for months, though often with very
few or no spectators at all, and nothing as large as the Summer Games.
35．Which is a function of the playbooks according to Paragraph 1
A．Guiding athletes into facilities.
B．Teaching athletes to follow the steps of the Games.
C．Informing reporters of upcoming events.
D．Training officials in organizational work.
36．What will athletes be required to do on arriving in Japan
A．To prove COVID-19 negative with a test.
B．To be banned from moving around and socializing.
C．To test negative for COVID-19 within 72 hours of arrival.
D．To be vaccinated and to quarantine for at least 72 hours.
37．Which of the following can be concluded from the text
A．The playbooks mark the end of preparations for the Olympics.
B．Foreigners won't be vaccinated because the pandemic will have ended.
C．Foreigners will report their initial 14-day's close contacts.
D．Foreign visitors will flood to Japan to watch the Olympics.
38．What is the prospect of the Tokyo Olympiad
A．It will be ever the most successful sporting event.
B．It is still unpredictable with uncertainties.
C．The number of spectators will be small.
D．Athletes worldwide will participate regardless of the pandemic.
【答案】35．B
36．A
37．C
38．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了日本计划在2021年重新组织东京奥运会的开幕式并发布了第一份剧本指导相关的程序。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
35．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“organizers of Tokyo Olympics on Wednesday released the first of playbooks that will instruct athletes, officials and members of the news media on the procedures they must follow at the rescheduled Games. “东京奥运会组织者周三发布了第一批剧本，这将指导运动员、官员和新闻媒体成员在重新安排的奥运会上必须遵守的程序。可知，剧本的作用是教导运动员跟上奥运会的步伐。故选B。
36．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“All athletes will be required to test negative for COVID-19 within 72 hours of their departure for Japan and give in to another test on arrival. ”所有运动员将被要求在出发去日本的72小时内对COVID-19检测呈阴性，抵达日本后接受另一项检测。可知，运动员抵达日本后需要用检测证明其COVID-19呈阴性。故选A。
37．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“To track outbreaks, visitors from abroad will have to file a list of everyone they have close contact with during that initial 14-day period. “为了追踪疫情，来自国外的访客必须提交一份在最初14天内与他们有过密切接触的所有人的名单。可知，国外的访客将要报告他们最初14天内的密切接触者。故选C。
38．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“For now, the best that organizers could offer were the outlines of a plan. ”目前，组织者最多只能提供一份计划的大纲；以及最后一段中的“Olympic officials see some reason for optimism. In many parts of the world, professional sporting events have been held for months, though often with very few or no spectators at all, and nothing as large as the Summer Games. ”奥林匹克官员看到了一些乐观的理由。在世界上许多地方，职业体育赛事会持续几个月，但通常观众很少或根本没有观众，也没有夏季奥运会那么多人观看。可知，东京奥运会的前景仍然是不可预测的。故选B。
39．（2018·北京）阅读理解
A
My First Marathon（马拉松）
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.
（1）A month before the marathon, the author ____________.
A．was well trained B．felt scared
C．made up his mind to run D．lost hope
（2）Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year
A．To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B．To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C．To show he was not talented in sports.
D．To share a precious memory.
（3）How was the author's first marathon
A．He made it. B．He quit halfway.
C．He got the first prize. D．He walked to the end.
（4）What does the story mainly tell us
A．A man owes his success to his family support.
B．A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C．Failure is the mother of success.
D．One is never too old to learn.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，作者在参加马拉松前一个月受了伤，训练时间不足，且在初一时就被体育老师说没有运动天赋，但是30多岁的他依然坚持跑完马拉松，突破自我，挑战不可能。
⑴细节理解。根据题干中的a month before the marathon可知答案在第一段，由最后一句Yet, I was determined to go ahead可知作者决定参加比赛，故答案为C。
⑵细节理解。将题干中的P.E. class in his 7th year定位在第二段，作者自己在7年纪的时候做得不是很好，后来被老师认为不是一个擅长运动的人，并且第三段提到老师的not athletic一直影响着他，故答案为C。
⑶细节理解。从文章倒数第二段 I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal可知作者坚持到最后，终于做到了，故答案为A。
⑷主旨大意。这是一篇记叙文，在最后一段点题：Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂可知，作者是一个意志坚定，通过不懈努力，最终获得了成功的胜利者，故答案为B。
【点评】本文属于励志的故事类阅读，阅读时要通读文章，弄清文章的主旨大意。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词定位并查找信息，切忌凭感觉做题。
三、任务型阅读
40．（2020·浙江模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项里选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有2选项为多余选项
Training "smart"
is more important than the amount of daily practice.
Too often
an athlete believes that the more he or she practices, the more proficient he/she will become. 　 　 It can also be harmful to achieving the desired outcome. An athlete who practices frequently and hard without an overall plan will be more likely to suffer the effects of overtraining rather
than actually
improving performance.
　 　 Yet, by developing a set of specific goals and a plan for reaching those goals, athletes can more effectively use their practice time and even reduce the time required in practice to attain their goals. Obviously, this does not mean that the martial artist can achieve rank or win tournaments with little practice. 　 　
Setting performance
goals is beneficial for a number of reasons. 　 　 When the martial artist is able to observe progress towards a goal on a daily or weekly basis, he or she is more likely to remain interested in achieving that goal. If instead, he/she engages in routine practice towards a belt rank that is six months away, it is easier to become discouraged. In addition, goal setting helps the athlete know what is expected which allows for greater attention to a particular skill that needs to be developed. 　 　 Finally, setting realistic, achievable
goals increases
the athlete's
self-confidence which
is crucial to the ultimate outcome of success. Self-confidence increases
because his/her
attitude regarding
success becomes
more positive
as goals are accomplished.
A.
It
is not always the case.
B.
However,
such training
is ineffective.
C.
It
reduces boredom
and increases
motivation.
D.
Thus,
practice becomes
more focused and efficient.
E.
It
means that the athlete does not need to waste time.
F.
Firstly,
it requires less patience and boosts confidence.
G.
Typically,
they will experience burn-out,
exhaustion, and
increased injuries.
【答案】B；G；E；C；D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对于运动员来说，并不是练习的越多越好，重要的是有一个全面的计划并设定成绩目标，并阐述了设定成绩目标的好处。
A. It is not always the case. 情况并不总是这样。
B. However, such training is ineffective. B.但是，这样的培训是无效的。
C. It reduces boredom and increases motivation. 它减少无聊，增加动力。
D. Thus, practice becomes more focused and efficient. 因此，练习变得更加集中和有效。
E. It means that the athlete does not need to waste time. 这意味着运动员不需要浪费时间。
F. Firstly, it requires less patience and boosts confidence. 首先，它需要较少的耐心和提高信心。
G. Typically, they will experience burn-out, exhaustion, and increased injuries. 典型地，他们会经历疲劳，疲惫和增加的伤害。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文“Too often an athlete believes that the more he or she practices, the more proficient he/she will become.”运动员经常认为他或她练习的越多，他或他就会变得越熟练；以及空后“It can also be harmful to achieving the desired outcome.”过多的练习也可能对实现预期结果有害。可推断出，空格句应为转折关系的句子，说明并不是练习的越多越好，B. However, such training is ineffective.“然而，这种训练是无效的”，承接上下文，符合语境，故选B。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“An athlete who practices frequently and hard without an overall plan will be more likely to suffer the effects of overtraining rather than actually improving performance.”没有一个全面的计划而只是经常练习的运动员更容易受到过度训练的影响。由此可推断出，空格句应为过度训练会给运动员带来哪些影响，G. Typically, they will experience burn-out, exhaustion, and increased injuries.“通常情况下，他们会感觉过度劳累和筋疲力尽，也会增加身体上的损伤”，阐述了过度训练带来的影响，能够承接上文。故选G。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Obviously, this does not mean that the martial artist can achieve rank or win tournaments with little practice.”显然，这并不意味着武术家可以通过很少 的 练习获得排名或赢得比赛。由此可推断出，后文要阐述的是这意味着……。E. It means that the athlete does not need to waste time.“这意味着运动员不需要浪费时间”，选项中的It means that与上文的this does not mean that相对照，承接上文，符合段落主旨，表明了没有一个全面的计划而只是经常练习，对于运动员来说是浪费时间。故选E。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Setting performance goals is beneficial for a number of reasons.”可知，设定成绩目标有很多好处。由此可推断出，下文应该阐述到底有什么好处。C. It reduces boredom and increases motivation.“它减少了无聊，增加了动力。”，阐述了设定成绩目标的好处，能够承接上文。空后的“he or she is more likely to remain interested in achieving that goal.”他或她更有可能对继续实现这一目标感兴趣，也举例说明了设定成绩目标的好处。故选C。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“In addition, goal setting helps the athlete know what is expected which allows for greater attention to a particular skill that needs to be developed.”目标设定有助于运动员了解期望的是什么，这使我们能够更加关注需要培养的特定技能。这里阐述的是目标设定有助于提高关注度，D. Thus, practice becomes more focused and efficient.“因此，练习变得更加集中和有效。”，进一步说明了目标设定的好处，能够承接上文，都讲述了目标设定可以提高练习的针对性和关注度。故选D。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
四、语法填空
（2022·四川模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has left a deep 　41． 　 (impress) on people across the globe. At Beijing 2022, a total of 2, 877 athletes from 91 countries and regions 　42． 　 (compete) for 109 gold medals. "Athletes competed 　43． 　 (brave) to exceed limits, setting a number of new world records and Olympic records. This is 　44． 　vivid representation of the Olympic motto-Faster, Higher, Stronger, Together," said Cai Qi, president of the Beijing organizing committee.
Beijing is the first city 　45． 　 (host) both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Besides the competitions, the unique charm of Beijing and the thoughtful services which the city offered to all participants 　46． 　 (value). As the first global multi-sport event held as scheduled during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Beijing Winter Games attached great importance 　47． 　the health and safety of all participants. "Our COVID-19 policy has been 　48． 　 (effect), setting a successful example for other major international events held during the pandemic," Cai said.
The Beijing Games 　49． 　theme is Together for a shared future have also left the city with rich legacies (遗产), 　50． 　 (include) engaging 346 million people in ice and snow sports as well as hosting the Games in a more sustainable way.
【答案】41．impression；42．competed；43．bravely；44．a；45．to host；46．were valued；47．to；48．effective；49．whose；50．including
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2022年北京冬奥会的成功举办——运动员在奥运会各项比赛中突破极限，刷新纪录，充分体现了奥运会的精神。其次北京作为在疫情期间成功举办奥运会的典范，为其他国际赛事树立了榜样。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，时态，副词，冠词，非谓语动词，时态语态，介词，形容词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：北京2022年冬奥会给全球人民留下了深刻的印象。此处名词作宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填impression。
42．句意：2022年北京奥运会上，来自91个国家和地区的2877名运动员争夺109枚金牌。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语At Beijing 2022可知应用一般过去时，故填competed。
43．句意：运动员们勇敢地超越极限，创造了多项新的世界纪录和奥运会纪录。此处副词修饰谓语动词competed，作状语，故填bravely。
44．句意：这生动地体现了奥林匹克格言“更快、更高、更强、携手共进”。该句表示对奥运会精神的一种生动描述，应用不定冠词，故填a。
45．句意：北京是第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。此处作后置定语，修饰 the first city，有序数词，应用不定式，故填to host。
46．句意：除了比赛之外，北京的独特魅力和城市为所有参赛者提供的周到服务也受到重视。此处是谓语动词，the unique charm和 the thoughtful services为主语为复数，且意义理解为被动，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were valued。
47．句意：作为在2019冠状病毒疾病大流行期间如期举行的第一次全球多运动会，北京冬奥会高度重视所有参与者的健康和安全。attached great importance to ...，固定短语，“重视......”，故填to。
48．句意：我们的2019冠状病毒疾病政策是有效的，为疫情期间举行的其他重大国际活动树立了成功的榜样。此处形容词作表语，故填effective。
49．句意：主题为“携手共创未来”的北京奥运会也为北京留下了丰富的遗产，包括让3.46亿人参与冰雪运动，以及以更可持续的方式举办奥运会。 theme is Together for a shared future 是限制性定语从句，先行词是The Beijing Games，在从句中作定语修饰 theme，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
50．句意：主题为“携手共创未来”的北京奥运会也为北京留下了丰富的遗产，包括让3.46亿人参与冰雪运动，以及以更可持续的方式举办奥运会。 including介词，“包括” ，在句子中作状语，故填 including 。
五、书面表达
51．（2022·丹东模拟）在结束不久的2022年北京冬奥会上，我国运动员苏翊鸣，徐梦桃等人表现出色，一跃成为新晋校园偶像，为鼓励同学们致敬运动员，学习他们努力拼搏的体育精神，你校校报正在举办主题为"我最钦佩的运动员"的征文比赛，请写一篇短文参赛。内容包括:
1）我最钦佩的运动员及原因;
2）表达向他／她学习的决心。
注意：词数80左右；可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。
The
Athlete I Admire Most
【答案】The athlete I admire most
The athlete I admire most is Su Yiming, who performed excellently in skiing during Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
The reasons why I admire him most are as follows. Firstly, he has been insisting on learning skiing since he was only 4. With years of hard work and determination, he has got many golden medals during his sports career. Besides, as he is also a senior three student, his sports spirit will encourage me to work harder.
I think persistence and longing for excellence are vital for us students. I will learn from my idol and try my best to pursue my dream.
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇命题作文，要求考生 写一篇短文参赛 。写作背景： 在结束不久的2022年北京冬奥会上，我国运动员苏翊鸣，徐梦桃等人表现出色，一跃成为新晋校园偶像，为鼓励同学们致敬运动员，学习他们努力拼搏的体育精神，你校校报正在举办主题为"我最钦佩的运动员"的征文比赛 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）我最钦佩的运动员及原因；2）表达向他／她学习的决心。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：The athlete I admire most is Su Yiming, who performed excellently in skiing during Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.运用了限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句；The reasons why I admire him most are as follows.运用了限制性定语从句； Firstly, he has been insisting on learning skiing since he was only 4. 运用了时间状语从句；I think persistence and longing for excellence are vital for us students. 运用了宾语从句。
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