成都金苹果锦城一中 2023-2024 学年(下)二诊模拟试卷
英语
注意事项：
1. 全卷分A卷和B卷，A卷满分100分，B卷满分50分；考试时间120分钟。
2. 作答前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号涂写在答题卡上。
3. 选择题部分请使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题部分请在答题卡使用0. 5毫米黑色的签字笔书写。
4. 请按照题号在答题卡上各题目对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在试卷上答题无效，
5. 保持答题卡面(机读卡加答题卷)清洁，不得折叠、污染、破损等，
A卷(共100分)
第一部分 听力(共30小题；计30分)略
第二部分 基础知识运用 (央30 小题;计 40分)
六、选择填空(共15小题：计20分)
A. 从以下各题的A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分)
1. AI serves as ________ useful tool to plan trips to meet different people’s needs.
A. a B. an C. the
2. I’ve watched the two new movies so far, but I like ________ of them.
A. either B. neither C. none
3. There are many ________ on the telephone. Don’t believe them, or you’ll get into trouble.
A. hoaxes B. blocks C. faults
4. —Did you see the basketball star yesterday when he came to visit our school yesterday
—No, by the time I got to school, he ________.
A. has left B. had left C. leaves
5. Among the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the dragon is the only one ________ is not real.
A. what B. who C. that
6 All the difficulties of the work ________ already. We can move to the next step.
A. will be overcome B. have been overcome C. were overcome
7. Michael is a wise teacher, though he is ________ his students.
A. good with B. patient with C. hard on
8. You will pass the math test ________ you work harder.
A. as long as B. as far as C. as well as
9. Schwarzenegger, the huge action superstar, achieved his dream ________ many years’ hard work.
A. without B. in C. through
10. —You are going to leave the school. Can you tell me ________
—The teachers who offered me great help.
A. what you are going to do in the future
B. what you can still remember about your school day
C. how you have changed in the past three years
B. 补全对话
根据对话内容，从下面方框中选出适当的选项补全对话。
A: Hey, Rita. zhongkao P. E. test is coming. ____11____
B: Not really. It still takes me around 4 minutes to finish the 800-meter race.
A: Take it easy. ____12____
B: Yeah, I’ll do that. Have you heard that Harbin is going to hold the Asian Winter Games in 2025
A: Of course. ____13____
B: Oh, this is the first time I see it. ____14____
A: The 9th Asian Winter Games. And an image of a speed skater can be found in the emblem.
B: ____15____ I think the image must be showing the sport spirit.
A. So it can.
B. What does it mean
C. Are you well prepared for it
D. You have improved a lot, so keep exercising hard.
E. And its emblem(会徽) which looks like the Chinese character “Jiu” as a whole, was officially shown.
七、完形填空(共15小题：计20分，A篇每小题2分，计10分；B篇每小题1分，计10分)
A
Perhaps many people didn’t know the great woman until she was introduced in a CCTV programme. Wang Zhenyi was a great Chinese ____16____. Born in the Qing Dynasty, she educated herself and read a lot about astronomy (the study of the stars, planets, etc.).
In her time, many people expected the stars to tell ____17____ was going to happen. But Wang Zhenyi believed in facts. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did some ____18____. In one, she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun and a mirror as the Moon. She moved them around to show what ____19____ happens during a lunar eclipse (月食): when the Earth is passing directly between the Sun and the Moon, the sunlight cannot reach the Moon and the Moon “____20____”.
16.
A. doctor B. scientist C. teacher
17.
A. when B. how C. what
18.
A. researches B. drawings C. reviews
19.
A. actually B. suddenly C. recently
20.
A. separates B. disappears C. appears
B
The roller coaster is a scary thing in most amusement parks. My friends used to think so. Now, they have ____21____ that riding the roller coaster is a challenging but very interesting thing.
____22____ I went to Happy Valley in Beijing with my friends. The roller coasters in this amusement park were all exciting, and my friends just ____23____ to ride them. “It’s too scary. I can’t do it.” said one of my friends. “But we all need to push ourselves!” I ____24____ them. At last, we decided to try the Music Roller Coaster first.
When the roller coaster slowly started moving my friends were too ____25____ to open their eyes. They quietly sat in the seat. I told them shouting could help make them more relaxed and overcome their ____26____. So they just yelled (喊叫) the whole time ____27____ the ride! After getting off the roller coaster, Tina said it was not scary anymore. She thought it was exciting and fun.
We tried some other roller coasters, ____28____. We were no longer afraid and were even looking forward to them. My most timid (胆小的) friend Grace, opened her eyes, and she felt totally fine.
Sometimes, the biggest difficulty is ____29____ but ourselves. When you think something is scary, why not have a try first Perhaps you’ll find what you were scared of before is nothing and you will then ____30____ your real power. The most dangerous enemy is yourself.
21.
A. realized B. doubted C. forgotten
22
A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Recently
23.
A. continued B. refused C. stopped
24.
A. encouraged B. praised C. warned
25.
A. angry B. nervous C. upset
26.
A. excitement B. surprise C. fear
27.
A. during B. before C. through
28.
A. though B. too C. either
29.
A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody
30.
A. request B. understand C. hide
第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；计30分)
阅读下面短文，根据短文判断句子正误，正确涂“A”，错误涂“B”。
31. Holly is reading a magazine called Holly’s New Friend.
32. It can be seen that Holly felt tired after reading this magazine.
33. Owners get gradually bored with the pets because they cost much money and time.
34. The underlined words “abandon them” can be taken the place of by “leave them behind”.
35. The next parts may be about different plants for Christmas decoration (装饰).
九、阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。(共10小题；每小题2分，计20分)
A
The two sessions (两会) opened in Beijing on March 4th . This is an important time for Chinese people to discuss big things happening in the country. What are the most important things when it comes to managing a country We invite students at home and abroad to share their ideas.
Putting people first (By Cai Luoyao, 14, Beijing)
There is an old saying in China: People are the base of a country. A well-developed government needs to take action to provide people with a better future. Since the reform and opening-up (改革开放) in the late 1970s, around 800 million people haven’t been poor anymore. This shows the country’s tradition of serving the people.
Rule of law (By Telesia Tanaai, 16, New Zealand)
The rule of law means everyone follows the law, making society fair. What’s more, it can protect the freedom of all people. With the rule of law, the government helps people trust each other, Businesses can run safely, and the rule of law is important for economic growth and social order, It helps countries grow and develop.
Education (By Zhu Yuhan, 17. Washington)
Education is key to a country’s strength. It allows people to help their communities and find solutions to big problems. By working together and thinking openly, educated people can create a better future. The best way for a government to keep doing well is to find and make use of smart people.
Public welfare (福利) (By Lee Chulkyu, 16. South Korea)
Good healthcare and social services can help people live a good life. When people’s lives are more comfortable, their happiness grows as a result. Governments than support their people create a harmonious society, Mencius, a famous Chinese thinker, said that if people have what they need, they will work together.
36. Why does Cui Luoyao mention the old saying
A. To call on people to create a better future.
B. To stress that a country’s success depends on its people.
C. To show the importance of a well-developed government.
37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A. The reform and opening-up have lasted for over 44 years.
B. The rule of law only protects the fairness of the society.
C. All the students above are from the same country.
38. What can we infer from Zhu Yuhan’s opinion
A. Zhu Yuhan is a junior school student in Washington now.
B. Education provides a government with the best way to improve.
C. Solving big problems is more important than educating the people.
39. What does the underlined word “harmonious” mean
A. Rich and competitive. B. Peaceful and friendly. C. Happy and simple.
40. What’s the topic of the text
A. Young people discuss the most important things in the two sessions.
B. Young people in China share their thoughts about managing a country.
C. Students from all over the world share their ideas about running a nation.
B
Failure doesn’t mean you are a failure,
It does mean you haven’t succeeded yet.
Failure doesn’t mean you have achieved nothing
It does mean you have learned ________.
Failure doesn’t mean you have been a fool,
It does mean you had a lot of faith.
Failure doesn’t mean you’ve been ashamed.
It does mean you were willing to try.
Failure doesn’t mean you don’t have it,
It does mean you have to do something in a different way.
Failure doesn’t mean you are inferior (低贱的),
It does mean you are not perfect.
Failure doesn’t mean you’ve wasted your life,
It does mean you have reason to start again.
Failure doesn’t mean you should give up,
It does mean you must try harder.
Failure doesn’t mean you’ll never make it,
It does mean it will take a little longer.
Failure doesn’t mean God has given up you,
It does mean God has a better idea.
—By Robert Harold Schuller
41. The writing is a ________.
A. play B. diary C. poem
42. The following word is the best for ________.
A. everything B. anything C. something
43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the writing
A. Robert Harold Schuller believes in God.
B. Failure means you have wasted your time.
C. If you meet failure, that means you are perfect.
44. We can know that Robert Harold Schuller is probably a(an) ________ person.
A. dark B. unhappy C. hopeful
45. Which of the following can be the best title
A. The Importance of Success B. The Meaning of Failure C. Why We Fall
B卷(共50分)
一、补全单词 根据首字母及句意写出完整单词。(共5小题;每小题1分，计5分)
46. I o________, because my alarm didn’t go off.
47. Smoking is h________ to your health. You’d better stay away from it.
48. The government wants to know the public’s thoughts, so they make some s________ to get more information.
49. Although traditional cards show more personal feelings, E-cards are more e________ friendly for the earth.
50. Students in junior high are encouraged to finish their homework i________ first. When they still have questions, they can ask the teachers for help.
二、完成对话
在空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确。一空一词（含缩写词）。
A: Sarah, how was your school trip
B: Well, although I ____51____ my foot the day before our trip during the dance training, I still didn’t miss the trip.
A: I didn’t hear about your accident How is your foot now
B: Thank you! Much better. I just don’t want to leave ____52____ for myself and I don’t want to recall the trip through photo albums. ____53____, I want to experience everything in person.
A: You must be an inspiration to your classmates. Is the trip ____54____ your effort
B: Sure. We went to Michael’s hometown in Luzhou to visit his middle school.
A: That’s surely a meaningful trip. What ____55____ you most
B: Well, the most unforgettable part of the trip is that I experienced the hard life of the left-behind children.
A: Lucky you. I just read about them.
B: I went to the home of Li Ling, an 11-year-old left-behind child. Her parents have been working in Zhejiang for 10 years, while she lives with her grandparents. She told me she just stayed with her parents for less than half a year in all since her ____56____.
A: What a pain!
B: Yeah. According to a report, Li is one of the 61 million left-behind kids under 17. They make up 20 percent of all Chinese children. The large number of left-behind children has already become a social problem.
A: ____57____ solved it will cause serious problems. The education level of adults supervising (监管) these children is generally not that high. Meanwhile, the ____58____ of parents’ support will make some left-behind children feel unconfident. They may be ____59____ in physical and emotional growth than their peers (同龄人). Others may even become “problem youth”.
B: Luckily, to solve this problem, the government is taking action. For example, 30provinces and cities have allowed certain children to attend school and take the college entrance exam in the city where their parents are.
A: I hope that our country can do more, such as making rules to encourage workers to work in their hometowns.
B: Absolutely, ____60____ children are the future of the nation, so we deserve (值得) the country’s loving care and protection. I also feel driven to study harder after this trip.
三、短文填空
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。
art below book close drop good graduate however one possible spend what
I am honored to be with you today from one of the finest universities in the world. This is ____61____ I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation since I never graduated from college.
A few years ago. I chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents’ savings ____62____ on my college cost. After six months, I couldn’t see the value in it, so I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. Because ____63____ out and didn’t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy (书法) class in Reed College which offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Calligraphy was beautiful, and ____64____ subtle (微妙的) in a way that science can’t describe, and I found it fascinating. All this came back to me and we designed it all into the Mac, which was ____65____ computer with beautiful typography because others copied us.
Of course, it was ____66____ to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something—your destiny, life, karma (因果), ____67____. This method has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
When I was young, there was an amazing, magazine called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. On their final ____68____ cover was a photo of an early morning country road. ____69____ it were the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” And I have always wished that for myself and you ____70____.
四、阅读表达（共10小题，计10分）
A. 补全短文
根据短文内容，从短文后的A—F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。
Chinstrap penguins in Antarctica get their name from the thin black line under their chins, which looks like a strap (带子) holding on a black hat. ____71____ But when the time comes to raise their young, they return to land.
____72____ The eggs are often laid in nests made of small rocks to keep the eggs from freezing. One parent takes care of the nest for long periods of time, while the other goes out for food.
The parent must always remain careful. Birds called brown skuas feeds on the eggs and young penguins of careless parents. ____73____ So chinstrap penguins have found an unusual way of solving the problem.
In a new study, scientists report that chinstrap penguins take thousands of tiny naps (打盹) each day. Each nap or “microsleep”—lasts only about 4 seconds. ____74____
The scientists became interested in whether the penguins were sleeping after one scientist noticed that the chinstrap parents blinking (眨眼睛) their eyes. So the scientist and his team placed tiny electrical devices (电气设备) on the heads of 14 chinstrap penguins. ____75____ At the same time, the scientists recorded the birds on video. Eleven days of studying the penguins showed that the tired parents were actually sleeping-very often, and for very short time periods.
It’s not clear if the microsleeps allow the penguins to actually feel relaxed. But the penguins are able to keep the pattern up for weeks, which allows them to protect their nests, eggs and babies.
A. Raising young penguins is a challenge.
B. They get a daily total of about 11 hours of sleep.
C. Like other penguins, they spend much of their time in the water, catching fish to eat.
D. But it’s hard to stay awake and protect a nest 24 hours a day.
E. It’s surprising that they can keep going and raise their young.
F. They allowed the scientists to see the brain activity of the penguins.
完成图表，根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。
The “sixth sense” of direction has been a mystery to scientists for more than twenty years. By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one, they are now getting closer to one answer.
One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass (指南针). Our earth itself is a big magnet (碰体) and a little magnetic hand that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south. That’s where the inspiration of compass came.
Actually the idea of the living compass came just from watching animals in nature. Many birds move twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes. Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night. Tests have shown that some birds can tell star patterns. But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies How can they do that
One interesting study was to stick little magnets to the pigeons’(鸽子) beads—just as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner. On sunny days, that did not fool them. Clearly, they can use the sun to tell which way they are going. But on cloudy days, the birds with magnets could not find their way. It was as if the magnets had stopped their magnetic sense.
An answer came from a piece of unexpected information. A scientist was studying bacteria (细菌) that live in small pools. He happened to find little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in one direction—north. Further study showed that each little bacterium had a chain of thick things inside, which proved (证实) magnetic. The bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with the earth’s magnet. The big news was that a living thing even a simple bacterium, can make magnetite. That led to a search to see whether animals might have it. By using a special instrument called magnetometer (磁力计), scientists were able to find magnetite in bees and birds, and even in fish. In each animal, the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain.
Thus, the idea of a built-in animal compass began to seem reasonable.
76. ________
77. ________
78. ________
79. ________
80. ________
五、书面表达(计15分)
81.
In recent years, Internet voting (投票) has become increasingly popular in China. Look at the two students’ words below, please write a passage to tell the advantages and disadvantages of Internet voting, and also add your own opinion. Li Jiang is invited to vote in the “Most Beautiful Teacher Competition”. He visits the website of the competition and reads the stories of the candidates (候选人). He is deeply touched by the spirit behind the stories. He is even thinking of becoming a teacher himself in the future. Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future Singer Competition”. He likes his cousin very much, but he finds other kids perform even better. He doesn’t want to lie. To vote, or not to vote This is a question that troubles him a lot.
要求：
1. 请以Internet Voting为题写一篇短文，文章开头自拟，字数100字左右；
2. 请根据上文写出Internet voting的一条优点和一条缺点；
3. 请根据上文分析两位同学的观点；
4. 你是否赞同Internet voting？请明确表达自己的观点，并用三条理由支撑。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________成都金苹果锦城一中 2023-2024 学年(下)二诊模拟试卷
英语
注意事项：
1. 全卷分A卷和B卷，A卷满分100分，B卷满分50分；考试时间120分钟。
2. 作答前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号涂写在答题卡上。
3. 选择题部分请使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题部分请在答题卡使用0. 5毫米黑色的签字笔书写。
4. 请按照题号在答题卡上各题目对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在试卷上答题无效，
5. 保持答题卡面(机读卡加答题卷)清洁，不得折叠、污染、破损等，
A卷(共100分)
第一部分 听力(共30小题；计30分)略
第二部分 基础知识运用 (央30 小题;计 40分)
六、选择填空(共15小题：计20分)
A. 从以下各题的A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分)
1. AI serves as ________ useful tool to plan trips to meet different people’s needs.
A. a B. an C. the
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：人工智能作为一种有用的工具来计划满足不同需求的旅行。
考查冠词。a一个，表泛指（用于辅音音素开头的字母前）；an一个，表泛指（用于元音音素开头的字母前）；the这个，表特指。根据句意可知此处是泛指，“useful”是辅音音素开头，所以用a。故选A。
2. I’ve watched the two new movies so far, but I like ________ of them.
A. either B. neither C. none
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：到目前为止，我已经看了这两部新电影，但我都不喜欢。
考查代词辨析。either两者任一；neither两者都不；none（三者或以上）没有一个。根据“two new movies”可知，是指两者，排除C；根据“but”可知，两者都不喜欢，用neither。故选B。
3. There are many ________ on the telephone. Don’t believe them, or you’ll get into trouble.
A. hoaxes B. blocks C. faults
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：电话里有许多骗局。不要相信他们，否则你会惹上麻烦的。
考查名词辨析。hoaxes骗局；blocks街区；faults故障。根据“Don’t believe them, or you’ll get into trouble.”可知电话里有许多骗局。故选A。
4. —Did you see the basketball star yesterday when he came to visit our school yesterday
—No, by the time I got to school, he ________.
A. has left B. had left C. leaves
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——昨天篮球明星来我们学校参观时，你看到他了吗？——不，我到学校的时候，他已经走了。
考查过去完成时。根据“No, by the time I got to school”可知，“他离开”发生在“我到达学校”之前，表示过去的过去用过去完成时had done。故选B。
5. Among the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the dragon is the only one ________ is not real.
A. what B. who C. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在中国十二生肖中，龙是唯一一个不是真的。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，此处one指代“生肖”，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。
6. All the difficulties of the work ________ already. We can move to the next step.
A. will be overcome B. have been overcome C. were overcome
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：工作中的所有困难都已经克服了。我们可以进入下一步了。
考查时态。根据“already”可知，此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，表示困难已经被克服了，用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done。故选B。
7. Michael is a wise teacher, though he is ________ his students.
A. good with B. patient with C. hard on
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：Michael是一个英明的老师，尽管他对他的学生很严格。
考查形容词短语辨析。be good with善于应付……的；be patient with对……有耐心；be hard on sb对某人很严格。though尽管，引导让步状语从句，结合空处前后句可知，Michael对学生很严格。故选C。
8. You will pass the math test ________ you work harder.
A. as long as B. as far as C. as well as
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：只要你更加努力，你就会通过数学考试。
考查短语辨析。as long as只要；as far as就……而言；as well as和，以及。根据“You will pass the math test ... you work harder.”可知，只要你努力学习，就会通过数学考试。故选A。
9. Schwarzenegger, the huge action superstar, achieved his dream ________ many years’ hard work.
A. without B. in C. through
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：功夫巨星斯瓦辛格，通过多年的努力实现了自己的梦想。
考查介词辨析。without没有；in使用；through通过。根据“achieved his dream...many years’ hard work.”可知，应该通过努力实现梦想。故选C。
10. —You are going to leave the school. Can you tell me ________
—The teachers who offered me great help.
A. what you are going to do in the future
B. what you can still remember about your school day
C. how you have changed in the past three years
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你要离开学校了，你能告诉我你上学时还记得什么吗？ ——给我很大帮助的老师们。
考查宾语从句。what you are going to do in the future你将来要做什么；what you can still remember about your school day你上学时还记得什么；how you have changed in the past three years在过去的三年里你有什么变化。根据“Can you tell me...”及选项可知，空格处是一个宾语从句，且各选项都是正确的陈述语序；根据“The teachers who offered me great help.”可知是问学校里的人和事，B项符合题意。故选B。
B. 补全对话
根据对话内容，从下面方框中选出适当的选项补全对话。
A: Hey, Rita. zhongkao P. E. test is coming. ____11____
B: Not really. It still takes me around 4 minutes to finish the 800-meter race.
A: Take it easy. ____12____
B: Yeah, I’ll do that. Have you heard that Harbin is going to hold the Asian Winter Games in 2025
A: Of course. ____13____
B: Oh, this is the first time I see it. ____14____
A: The 9th Asian Winter Games. And an image of a speed skater can be found in the emblem.
B: ____15____ I think the image must be showing the sport spirit.
A. So it can.
B. What does it mean
C. Are you well prepared for it
D. You have improved a lot, so keep exercising hard.
E. And its emblem(会徽) which looks like the Chinese character “Jiu” as a whole, was officially shown.
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. E 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇对话，讨论体育考试的准备和在哈尔滨举办的亚洲冬季奥运会的会徽。
【11题详解】
根据“Not really. It still takes me around 4 minutes to finish the 800-meter race.”可知，问对方是否对体育考试做好准备，选项C“你准备好了吗？”符合语境，故选C。
【12题详解】
根据“Yeah, I’ll do that.”可知，是鼓励对方继续努力，选项D“你进步了很多，所以继续努力锻炼吧。”符合语境，故选D。
【13题详解】
根据“this is the first time I see it”可知，是展示了某种图案，选项E“正式展示，它的会徽整体看起来像汉字‘九’。”符合语境，故选E。
【14题详解】
根据“this is the first time I see it.”和“The 9th Asian Winter Games, And an image of a speed skater can be found in the emblem.”可知，B没有见过，询问是什么含义。选项B“这是什么含义？”符合语境，故选B。
【15题详解】
根据“And an image of a speed skater can be found in the emblem.”和“I think the image must be showing the sport spirit.”可知，对看到速滑运动员的形象表示肯定回答，选项A“的确可以”符合语境，故选A。
七、完形填空(共15小题：计20分，A篇每小题2分，计10分；B篇每小题1分，计10分)
A
Perhaps many people didn’t know the great woman until she was introduced in a CCTV programme. Wang Zhenyi was a great Chinese ____16____. Born in the Qing Dynasty, she educated herself and read a lot about astronomy (the study of the stars, planets, etc.).
In her time, many people expected the stars to tell ____17____ was going to happen. But Wang Zhenyi believed in facts. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did some ____18____. In one, she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun and a mirror as the Moon. She moved them around to show what ____19____ happens during a lunar eclipse (月食): when the Earth is passing directly between the Sun and the Moon, the sunlight cannot reach the Moon and the Moon “____20____”.
16.
A. doctor B. scientist C. teacher
17.
A. when B. how C. what
18.
A. researches B. drawings C. reviews
19.
A. actually B. suddenly C. recently
20.
A. separates B. disappears C. appears
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了清朝著名女科学家——王贞仪。
【16题详解】
句意：王贞仪是一位伟大的中国科学家。
doctor医生；scientist科学家；teacher老师。根据“she educated herself and read a lot about astronomy”可知，王贞仪是一位科学家。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：在她那个时代，很多人都期待星星能说出即将发生的事情。
when什么时候；how如何；what什么。句子是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，用what引导宾语从句。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：为了解释那些“奇怪”的事件，她做了一些研究。
researches研究；drawings图纸；reviews评论。根据“In order to explain those ‘strange’ events”可知，为了解释那些“奇怪”的事件，要做一些研究。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：她将它们四处移动，以展示月食期间实际发生的情况：当地球直接穿过太阳和月球之间时，阳光无法到达月球，月球“消失”。
actually实际上；suddenly突然；recently最近。根据“when the Earth is passing directly between the Sun and the Moon…”可知，王贞仪在实验中验证月食期间实际发生的情况。故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：当地球直接穿过太阳和月球之间时，阳光无法到达月球，月球“消失”。
separates分开；disappears消失；appears出现。根据“when the Earth is passing directly between the Sun and the Moon…”以及常识可知阳光无法到达月球，月球会“消失”，看不见。故选B。
B
The roller coaster is a scary thing in most amusement parks. My friends used to think so. Now, they have ____21____ that riding the roller coaster is a challenging but very interesting thing.
____22____ I went to Happy Valley in Beijing with my friends. The roller coasters in this amusement park were all exciting, and my friends just ____23____ to ride them. “It’s too scary. I can’t do it.” said one of my friends. “But we all need to push ourselves!” I ____24____ them. At last, we decided to try the Music Roller Coaster first.
When the roller coaster slowly started moving, my friends were too ____25____ to open their eyes. They quietly sat in the seat. I told them shouting could help make them more relaxed and overcome their ____26____. So they just yelled (喊叫) the whole time ____27____ the ride! After getting off the roller coaster, Tina said it was not scary anymore. She thought it was exciting and fun.
We tried some other roller coasters, ____28____. We were no longer afraid and were even looking forward to them. My most timid (胆小的) friend Grace, opened her eyes, and she felt totally fine.
Sometimes, the biggest difficulty is ____29____ but ourselves. When you think something is scary, why not have a try first Perhaps you’ll find what you were scared of before is nothing and you will then ____30____ your real power. The most dangerous enemy is yourself.
21.
A. realized B. doubted C. forgotten
22.
A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Recently
23.
A. continued B. refused C. stopped
24.
A. encouraged B. praised C. warned
25.
A. angry B. nervous C. upset
26.
A. excitement B. surprise C. fear
27.
A. during B. before C. through
28
A. though B. too C. either
29.
A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody
30.
A. request B. understand C. hide
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者和朋友们一起去游乐园玩过山车的经历。
【21题详解】
句意：现在，他们已经意识到坐过山车是一件具有挑战性但又非常有趣的事情。
realized意识到；doubted怀疑；forgotten忘记了。根据“The roller coaster is a scary thing in most amusement parks. My friends used to think so.”可知，之前认为过山车是恐怖的，现在意识到坐过山车是一件具有挑战性的事情。故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：最近我和朋友去了北京欢乐谷。
Suddenly突然；Finally最后；Recently最近。根据“I went to Happy Valley in Beijing with my friends.”可知，我最近去了欢乐谷。故选C。
【23题详解】
句意：这个游乐园里的过山车都很刺激，我的朋友就是不肯坐。
continued继续；refused拒绝；stopped停止了。根据“It’s too scary. I can’t do it.”可知，朋友因为害怕拒绝坐过山车。故选B。
【24题详解】
句意：我鼓励了他们。
encouraged鼓励了；praised称赞；warned警告。根据“But we all need to push ourselves!”可知，我鼓励了朋友们。故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：当过山车慢慢开始移动时，我的朋友们紧张得睁不开眼睛。
angry生气的；nervous紧张的；upset沮丧的。根据“They quietly sat in the seat.”可知，朋友们太紧张，安静的坐在座位上。故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：我告诉他们喊叫可以帮助他们更加放松并克服他们的困难。
excitement激动；surprise惊喜；fear害怕。根据“I told them shouting could help make them more relaxed”可知，喊叫可以帮助放松克服心中的恐惧感。故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：所以他们在骑行过程中一直大喊大叫！
during期间；before在……前；through通过。根据“So they just yelled the whole time”可知，朋友们在过山车过程中喊叫。故选A。
【28题详解】
句意：我们也尝试了其他一些过山车。
though尽管；too也；either也（否定句中）。根据“We were no longer afraid and were even looking forward to them.”可知，我们尝试了多次。故选B。
【29题详解】
句意：有时候，最大的困难不是别人，而是我们自己。
somebody某人；everybody大家；nobody没有人。根据“the biggest difficulty is...but ourselves.”可知，最大的困难不是别人而是我们自己。故选C。
【30题详解】
句意：也许你会发现你之前所害怕的一切都不算什么，然后你就会明白你真正的力量。
request要求；understand理解；hide隐藏。根据“Perhaps you’ll find what you were scared of before is nothing”可知，最危险的敌人是自己，之后你就会理解你真正的力量。故选B。
第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；计30分)
阅读下面短文，根据短文判断句子正误，正确涂“A”，错误涂“B”。
31. Holly is reading a magazine called Holly’s New Friend.
32. It can be seen that Holly felt tired after reading this magazine.
33. Owners get gradually bored with the pets because they cost much money and time.
34. The underlined words “abandon them” can be taken the place of by “leave them behind”.
35. The next parts may be about different plants for Christmas decoration (装饰).
【答案】31. B 32. B
33. A 34. A
35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是Holly看的一本关于宠物弃养的文章。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Pets are for life”可知，杂志的名称是《动物世界》。故选B。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Her eyes are red.”可知，Holly看到动物被弃养很伤心。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“And every pet takes a lot of their time. They’re expensive, too.”可知，主人认为花费他们太多时间，而且花费比较贵。故选A。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Every year, people put their pets in their cars, drive for kilometers, then leave these poor animals at the side of the road.”可知人们把宠物放到车上，开出很多公里，然后把它们留在路边，因此abandon them的意思是弃养宠物。leave them behind“丢弃它们”意思相同。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。通过通读全文可知，主要讲了宠物弃养，此句与文章内容没有任何关系。故选B。
九、阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。(共10小题；每小题2分，计20分)
A
The two sessions (两会) opened in Beijing on March 4th . This is an important time for Chinese people to discuss big things happening in the country. What are the most important things when it comes to managing a country We invite students at home and abroad to share their ideas.
Putting people first (By Cai Luoyao, 14, Beijing)
There is an old saying in China: People are the base of a country. A well-developed government needs to take action to provide people with a better future. Since the reform and opening-up (改革开放) in the late 1970s, around 800 million people haven’t been poor anymore. This shows the country’s tradition of serving the people.
Rule of law (By Telesia Tanaai, 16, New Zealand)
The rule of law means everyone follows the law, making society fair. What’s more, it can protect the freedom of all people. With the rule of law, the government helps people trust each other, Businesses can run safely, and the rule of law is important for economic growth and social order, It helps countries grow and develop.
Education (By Zhu Yuhan, 17. Washington)
Education is key to a country’s strength. It allows people to help their communities and find solutions to big problems. By working together and thinking openly, educated people can create a better future. The best way for a government to keep doing well is to find and make use of smart people.
Public welfare (福利) (By Lee Chulkyu, 16. South Korea)
Good healthcare and social services can help people live a good life. When people’s lives are more comfortable, their happiness grows as a result. Governments than support their people create a harmonious society, Mencius, a famous Chinese thinker, said that if people have what they need, they will work together.
36. Why does Cui Luoyao mention the old saying
A. To call on people to create a better future.
B. To stress that a country’s success depends on its people.
C. To show the importance of a well-developed government.
37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A. The reform and opening-up have lasted for over 44 years.
B. The rule of law only protects the fairness of the society.
C. All the students above are from the same country.
38. What can we infer from Zhu Yuhan’s opinion
A. Zhu Yuhan is a junior school student in Washington now.
B. Education provides a government with the best way to improve.
C. Solving big problems is more important than educating the people.
39. What does the underlined word “harmonious” mean
A. Rich and competitive. B. Peaceful and friendly. C. Happy and simple.
40. What’s the topic of the text
A. Young people discuss the most important things in the two sessions.
B. Young people in China share their thoughts about managing a country.
C. Students from all over the world share their ideas about running a nation.
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了来自世界各地的学生分享他们管理国家的想法。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“A well-developed government needs to take action to provide people with a better future.”可知，引用这句古语是要强调一个国家的成功取决于人民。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Since the reform and opening-up (改革开放) in the late 1970s, around 800 million people haven’t been poor anymore. ”可知，中国从20世纪70年代末进行改革开放，大约持续44年了。故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The best way for a government to keep doing well is to find and make use of smart people.”可知，教育为政府提供了改进的最佳途径。故选B。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“When people’s lives are more comfortable, their happiness grows as a result.”可知，此处是说政府支持人们创造和谐的社会，所以harmonious意为“平和的、友好的”。故选B。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读全文并根据“We invite students at home and abroad to share their ideas.”可知，本文主要讲述了来自世界各地的学生分享他们管理国家的想法。故选C。
B
Failure doesn’t mean you are a failure,
It does mean you haven’t succeeded yet.
Failure doesn’t mean you have achieved nothing,
It does mean you have learned ________.
Failure doesn’t mean you have been a fool,
It does mean you had a lot of faith.
Failure doesn’t mean you’ve been ashamed.
It does mean you were willing to try.
Failure doesn’t mean you don’t have it,
It does mean you have to do something in a different way.
Failure doesn’t mean you are inferior (低贱),
It does mean you are not perfect.
Failure doesn’t mean you’ve wasted your life,
It does mean you have reason to start again.
Failure doesn’t mean you should give up,
It does mean you must try harder.
Failure doesn’t mean you’ll never make it,
It does mean it will take a little longer.
Failure doesn’t mean God has given up you,
It does mean God has a better idea.
—By Robert Harold Schuller
41. The writing is a ________.
A. play B. diary C. poem
42. The following word is the best for ________.
A. everything B. anything C. something
43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the writing
A. Robert Harold Schuller believes in God.
B Failure means you have wasted your time.
C. If you meet failure, that means you are perfect.
44. We can know that Robert Harold Schuller is probably a(an) ________ person.
A. dark B. unhappy C. hopeful
45. Which of the following can be the best title
A. The Importance of Success B. The Meaning of Failure C. Why We Fall
【答案】41. C 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一首诗歌，讲述失败的意义。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章格式和内容可知，这是一首诗歌。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Failure doesn’t mean you have achieved nothing”和“It does mean you have learned”可知，失败并不意味着你什么完成不了，反而可以学到一些东西。故选C。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Failure doesn’t mean God has given up you, It does mean God has a better idea.”可知，作者相信上帝。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文作者对于失败的看法，“It does mean you had a lot of faith.”“It does mean you must try harder.”可知作者是一个充满希望的人。故选C。
【45题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是失败的意义。故选B。
B卷(共50分)
一、补全单词 根据首字母及句意写出完整单词。(共5小题;每小题1分，计5分)
46. I o________, because my alarm didn’t go off.
【答案】(o)verslept
【解析】
【详解】句意：我睡过头了，因为我的闹钟没有响。根据“I o..., because my alarm didn’t go off.”可知，闹钟没响，所以睡过头了，oversleep“睡过头”，根据“didn’t”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(o)verslept。
47. Smoking is h________ to your health. You’d better stay away from it.
【答案】(h)armful
【解析】
【详解】句意：吸烟有害健康，你最好远离它。根据常识，可知吸烟是对身体有害的；放在is后面需跟形容词作表语；harmful有害的，形容词，符合句意。故填(h)armful。
48. The government wants to know the public’s thoughts, so they make some s________ to get more information.
【答案】(s)urveys
【解析】
【详解】句意：政府想知道公众的想法，所以他们做了一些调查来获得更多的信息。根据所给单词首字母和句意可知此处需要“调查”survey，是可数名词，复数形式是surveys。some后跟可数名词复数形式。故填(s)urveys。
49. Although traditional cards show more personal feelings, E-cards are more e________ friendly for the earth.
【答案】(e)nvironmentally
【解析】
【详解】句意：虽然传统卡片更能体现个人情感，但电子卡片对地球来说更环保。根据“E-cards are more...friendly for the earth.”可知，电子卡片更环保，此处修饰形容词用副词environmentally “与环境有关地”。故填(e)nvironmentally。
50. Students in junior high are encouraged to finish their homework i________ first. When they still have questions, they can ask the teachers for help.
【答案】(i)ndependently
【解析】
【详解】句意：鼓励初中生首先独立完成作业。若他们仍然有疑问，他们可以向老师寻求帮助。根据“When they still have questions, they can ask the teachers for help.”可知鼓励学生作业先独立完成，此空“独立”修饰动词短语“finish their homework”，应用副词形式。故填(i)ndependently。
二、完成对话
在空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确。一空一词（含缩写词）。
A: Sarah, how was your school trip
B: Well, although I ____51____ my foot the day before our trip during the dance training, I still didn’t miss the trip.
A: I didn’t hear about your accident. How is your foot now
B: Thank you! Much better. I just don’t want to leave ____52____ for myself and I don’t want to recall the trip through photo albums. ____53____, I want to experience everything in person.
A: You must be an inspiration to your classmates. Is the trip ____54____ your effort
B: Sure. We went to Michael’s hometown in Luzhou to visit his middle school.
A: That’s surely a meaningful trip. What ____55____ you most
B: Well, the most unforgettable part of the trip is that I experienced the hard life of the left-behind children.
A: Lucky you. I just read about them.
B: I went to the home of Li Ling, an 11-year-old left-behind child. Her parents have been working in Zhejiang for 10 years, while she lives with her grandparents. She told me she just stayed with her parents for less than half a year in all since her ____56____.
A: What a pain!
B: Yeah. According to a report, Li is one of the 61 million left-behind kids under 17. They make up 20 percent of all Chinese children. The large number of left-behind children has already become a social problem.
A: ____57____ solved it will cause serious problems. The education level of adults supervising (监管) these children is generally not that high. Meanwhile, the ____58____ of parents’ support will make some left-behind children feel unconfident. They may be ____59____ in physical and emotional growth than their peers (同龄人). Others may even become “problem youth”.
B: Luckily, to solve this problem, the government is taking action. For example, 30provinces and cities have allowed certain children to attend school and take the college entrance exam in the city where their parents are.
A: I hope that our country can do more, such as making rules to encourage workers to work in their hometowns.
B: Absolutely, ____60____ children are the future of the nation, so we deserve (值得) the country’s loving care and protection. I also feel driven to study harder after this trip.
【答案】51. hurt
52. regrets
53. Instead
54. worth 55. impressed##impresses##attracted##attracts
56. birth 57. Unless
58. absence##loss
59. slower##poorer##weaker
60. we
【解析】
【导语】本文是谈论旅行和留守儿童的对话。
【51题详解】
根据下文“I didn’t hear about your accident. How is your foot now ”可知，脚受伤了；hurt“受伤”，动词；时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填hurt。
【52题详解】
根据“I don’t want to recall the trip through photo albums”可知，此处指不想给自己留下遗憾；regret“遗憾”，名词，此处用复数表示泛指。故填regrets。
【53题详解】
根据“I don’t want to recall the trip through photo albums”可知，不想通过相册来回忆这次旅行，而是想亲自经历一切；instead“反而”，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填Instead。
【54题详解】
根据下文“We went to Michael’s hometown in Luzhou to visit his middle school.”和“That’s surely a meaningful trip.”可知，此处是问这趟旅程所看风景是否值得自己的付出；worth“值得的”，符合语境，故填worth。
【55题详解】
根据下文“Well, the most unforgettable part of the trip is that I experienced the hard life of the left-behind children.”可知，此处是问旅行中什么让自己印象最深刻，或什么最吸引自己；impress“使留下深刻印象”/attract“吸引”，动词，时态可用一般过去时或一般现在时。故填impressed/impresses/attracted/attracts。
【56题详解】
根据“She told me she just stayed with her parents for less than half a year in all since her ...”可知，从她出生到现在，她和父母住在一起还不到半年；形容词性物主代词her后用名词birth“出生”。故填birth。
【57题详解】
根据“The large number of left-behind children has already become a social problem.”可知，除非解决，否则会造成严重的问题；unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Unless。
【58题详解】
根据“some left-behind children feel unconfident”可知，缺乏/没有父母的支持会使一些留守儿童感到不自信；此处应用名词，absence“缺席”/loss“失去”，符合语境。故填absence/loss。
【59题详解】
根据“Meanwhile, the ... of parents’ support will make some left-behind children feel unconfident.”可知，没有父母的支持，留守儿童在身体和情感上的成长可能比同龄人更慢/更差/更弱；slower“更慢”/poorer“更差”/weaker“更弱”。故填slower/poorer/weaker。
【60题详解】
根据“we deserve (值得) the country’s loving care and protection”可知，此处指我们孩子是祖国的未来，用we“我们”与children一起作同位语。故填we。
三、短文填空
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。
art below book close drop good graduate however one possible spend what
I am honored to be with you today from one of the finest universities in the world. This is ____61____ I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation since I never graduated from college.
A few years ago. I chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents’ savings ____62____ on my college cost. After six months, I couldn’t see the value in it, so I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. Because ____63____ out and didn’t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy (书法) class in Reed College which offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Calligraphy was beautiful, and ____64____ subtle (微妙的) in a way that science can’t describe, and I found it fascinating. All this came back to me and we designed it all into the Mac, which was ____65____ computer with beautiful typography because others copied us.
Of course it was ____66____ to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something—your destiny, life, karma (因果), ____67____. This method has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
When I was young, there was an amazing, magazine called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. On their final ____68____ cover was a photo of an early morning country road. ____69____ it were the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” And I have always wished that for myself and you ____70____.
【答案】61. the closest
62. were spent
63. had dropped
64. artistically
65. the first
66. impossible
67. whatever
68. book’s 69. Below
70. graduates
【解析】
【导语】本文是史蒂夫·乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲。
【61题详解】
句意：这是我从没有大学毕业以来离大学毕业最近的一次。根据“This is...I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation since I never graduated from college.”可知，这是离大学毕业最近的一次，close“近的”，此处用最高级形式，故填the closest。
【62题详解】
句意：我选择了一所几乎和斯坦福大学一样贵的大学，我的父母是工人阶级，他们把所有的积蓄都花在了我的大学费用上。根据“and all of my working-class parents’ savings...on my college cost”可知，父母把所有的积蓄都花在了乔布斯的大学费用上，spend“花费”，主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were spent。
【63题详解】
句意：因为我退学了，不用上普通的课程，所以我决定在里德学院上书法课，那里可能是全国最好的书法课。根据“Because...out and didn’t have to take the normal classes”可知，乔布斯退学了，备选词drop符合语境，动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had dropped。
【64题详解】
句意：书法很美，艺术上的精妙是科学无法描述的，我觉得它很迷人。根据“Calligraphy was beautiful, and...subtle (微妙的) in a way that science can’t describe”可知，艺术上的精妙是科学无法描述的，art“艺术”符合语境，此处用副词artistically作状语，故填artistically。
【65题详解】
句意：所有这些都浮现在我的脑海里，我们把它们都设计进了Mac，这是第一台拥有漂亮字体的电脑，因为其他人都在模仿我们。根据“All this came back to me and we designed it all into the Mac, which was...computer with beautiful typography because others copied us.”可知，这是第一台拥有漂亮字体的电脑，one“一”符合语境，此处用the first表示“第一”，故填the first。
【66题详解】
句意：当然，在我上大学的时候，我不可能把这些点点滴滴联系起来。根据“it was...to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college”可知，上大学时不可能把这些点点滴滴联系起来，impossible“不可能的”，在句中作表语，故填impossible。
【67题详解】
句意：你必须相信一些东西——你的命运、生命、因缘等等。根据“You have to trust in something—your destiny, life, karma (因果), ...”可知，必须相信一些东西——你的命运、生命、因缘等等，whatever“无论什么”符合语境，故填whatever。
【68题详解】
句意：最后一本书的封面是一张清晨乡间小路的照片。根据“On their final...cover was a photo of an early morning country road.”可知，最后一本书的封面是一张清晨乡间小路的照片，book“书”符合语境，此处作定语修饰cover，用名词所有格形式，故填book’s。
【69题详解】
句意：下面写着：“求知若渴，虚怀若愚。”根据“...it were the words: ‘Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.’”可知，下面写着一句话，below“在下面”符合语境，故填Below。
【70题详解】
句意：我一直希望我自己和你们这些毕业生也能如此。根据“And I have always wished that for myself and you...”可知，希望自己和毕业生都能“求知若渴，虚怀若愚”，graduate“毕业生”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式。故填graduates。
四、阅读表达（共10小题，计10分）
A. 补全短文
根据短文内容，从短文后的A—F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。
Chinstrap penguins in Antarctica get their name from the thin black line under their chins, which looks like a strap (带子) holding on a black hat. ____71____ But when the time comes to raise their young, they return to land.
____72____ The eggs are often laid in nests made of small rocks to keep the eggs from freezing. One parent takes care of the nest for long periods of time, while the other goes out for food.
The parent must always remain careful. Birds called brown skuas feeds on the eggs and young penguins of careless parents. ____73____ So chinstrap penguins have found an unusual way of solving the problem.
In a new study, scientists report that chinstrap penguins take thousands of tiny naps (打盹) each day. Each nap or “microsleep”—lasts only about 4 seconds. ____74____
The scientists became interested in whether the penguins were sleeping after one scientist noticed that the chinstrap parents blinking (眨眼睛) their eyes. So the scientist and his team placed tiny electrical devices (电气设备) on the heads of 14 chinstrap penguins. ____75____ At the same time, the scientists recorded the birds on video. Eleven days of studying the penguins showed that the tired parents were actually sleeping-very often, and for very short time periods.
It’s not clear if the microsleeps allow the penguins to actually feel relaxed. But the penguins are able to keep the pattern up for weeks, which allows them to protect their nests, eggs and babies.
A. Raising young penguins is a challenge.
B. They get a daily total of about 11 hours of sleep.
C. Like other penguins, they spend much of their time in the water, catching fish to eat.
D. But it’s hard to stay awake and protect a nest 24 hours a day.
E. It’s surprising that they can keep going and raise their young.
F. They allowed the scientists to see the brain activity of the penguins.
【答案】71. C 72. A 73. D 74. B 75. F
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了南极洲的帽带企鹅通过一种不寻常的睡眠方式来适应艰苦的环境。
【71题详解】
根据空格后“But when the time comes to raise their young, they return to land.”可知，企鹅养育孩子时会回到陆地，推测出空格所表达的是它们在水里，选项C“和其他企鹅一样，它们大部分时间都待在水里，捕鱼吃。”符合语境。故选C。
【72题详解】
根据空格后“The eggs are often laid in nests made of small rocks to keep the eggs from freezing. One parent takes care of the nest for long periods of time, while the other goes out for food.”可知企鹅将蛋产在小岩石做的巢里，以防止蛋结冰，父母一方照顾企鹅蛋，另一方出去觅食，推测出空格表达的养育小企鹅是不容易的，选项A“养育小企鹅是一个挑战。”符合语境。故选A。
【73题详解】
根据空格后“So chinstrap penguins have found an unusual way of solving the problem.”可知此处说的是解决问题，推测出空格处讲的是“问题是什么”，选项D“但要24小时保持清醒并保护巢穴是很难的。”符合语境。故选D。
【74题详解】
根据空格前“In a new study, scientists report that chinstrap penguins take thousands of tiny naps each day. Each nap or ‘microsleep’—lasts only about 4 seconds.”可知，研究表明企鹅会打成千上万个盹，推测出空格处表达的是它们利用这个方式休息，选项B“它们每天总共睡大约11个小时。”符合语境。故选B。
【75题详解】
根据空格前“So the scientist and his team placed tiny electrical devices on the heads of 14 chinstrap penguins.”可知科学家在企鹅头上放了电子设备，推测出空格处表达的是这些电子设备的用途等，选项F“它们让科学家们看到了企鹅的大脑活动。”符合语境。故选F。
完成图表，根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。
The “sixth sense” of direction has been a mystery to scientists for more than twenty years. By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one, they are now getting closer to one answer.
One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass (指南针). Our earth itself is a big magnet (碰体) and a little magnetic hand that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south. That’s where the inspiration of compass came.
Actually the idea of the living compass came just from watching animals in nature. Many birds move twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes. Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night. Tests have shown that some birds can tell star patterns. But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies How can they do that
One interesting study was to stick little magnets to the pigeons’(鸽子) beads—just as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner. On sunny days, that did not fool them. Clearly, they can use the sun to tell which way they are going. But on cloudy days, the birds with magnets could not find their way. It was as if the magnets had stopped their magnetic sense.
An answer came from a piece of unexpected information. A scientist was studying bacteria (细菌) that live in small pools. He happened to find little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in one direction—north. Further study showed that each little bacterium had a chain of thick things inside, which proved (证实) magnetic. The bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with the earth’s magnet. The big news was that a living thing even a simple bacterium, can make magnetite. That led to a search to see whether animals might have it. By using a special instrument called magnetometer (磁力计), scientists were able to find magnetite in bees and birds, and even in fish. In each animal, the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain.
Thus, the idea of a built-in animal compass began to seem reasonable.
76. ________
77. ________
78. ________
79. ________
80. ________
【答案】76. possibility
77. According to
78. stop their magnetic sense##prevent their magnetic sense
79. accidentally##by accident
80. Writing purpose
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了磁感应——活的指南针。
【76题详解】
根据“One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass”可知一个有趣的想法是，动物可能有一个内置的指南针，即动物有内置指南针的可能性，possibility“可能性”。故填possibility。
77题详解】
根据“...That’s where the inspiration of compass came.”可知这就是指南针的灵感来源，即根据以上的想法，发明了指南针，according to“根据”。故填According to。
【78题详解】
根据“One interesting study was to stick little magnets to the pigeons’(鸽子) beads...It was as if the magnets had stopped their magnetic sense.”可知一项有趣的研究是在鸽子的珠子上贴上小磁铁，阻止它们的磁感应，stop/prevent their magnetic sense“阻止它们的磁感应”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填stop/prevent their magnetic sense。
【79题详解】
根据“He happened to find little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in one direction—north”可知他偶然发现了一些杆状的小细菌，它们一起向一个方向游动——向北，修饰动词found用副词accidentally“偶然地”，accidentally=by accident。故填accidentally/by accident。
【80题详解】
本文主要介绍了磁感应——活的指南针，故这是文章的写作目的，即writing purpose。故填Writing purpose。
五、书面表达(计15分)
81.
In recent years, Internet voting (投票) has become increasingly popular in China. Look at the two students’ words below, please write a passage to tell the advantages and disadvantages of Internet voting, and also add your own opinion. Li Jiang is invited to vote in the “Most Beautiful Teacher Competition”. He visits the website of the competition and reads the stories of the candidates (候选人). He is deeply touched by the spirit behind the stories. He is even thinking of becoming a teacher himself in the future. Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future Singer Competition”. He likes his cousin very much, but he finds other kids perform even better. He doesn’t want to lie. To vote, or not to vote This is a question that troubles him a lot.
要求：
1. 请以Internet Voting为题写一篇短文，文章开头自拟，字数100字左右；
2. 请根据上文写出Internet voting的一条优点和一条缺点；
3. 请根据上文分析两位同学的观点；
4. 你是否赞同Internet voting？请明确表达自己的观点，并用三条理由支撑。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Online voting becomes increasingly popular, and many competitions get people involved in it. It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not. Some voters may be touched by the spirit behind the stories, but others may feel annoyed, because they are divided between emotion and fairness.
In my opinion, online voting is a part of modern life and should be welcomed, because it’s a way to participate in public life. And the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient. Besides, voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible. Therefore, I hold a positive attitude towards online voting.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：一般现在时；
③ 提示：考生应结合短文及要求梳理出写作要点，注意不要遗漏提示信息，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“网上投票越来越受欢迎”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“网上投票的优缺点、文中两位同学的观点、自己的观点及理由等”几个方面重点介绍。
[亮点词汇]
① get people involved in 让人们参与……
② is beneficial to 对……有益
③ puts others into a dilemma 让别人进退两难
④ be touched by 被……感动
⑤ In my opinion 在我看来
⑥ participate in 参与
⑦ makes ... easy and convenient 使……简单方便
⑧ makes instant feedback possible 使即时反馈成为可能
⑨ hold a positive attitude towards 对……持积极的态度
[高分句型]
① Some voters may be touched by the spirit behind the stories, but others may feel annoyed, because they are divided between emotion and fairness.（but引导并列句，because引导原因状语从句）
② Besides, voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible.（动词ing形式作主语）

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