秘籍04 语法填空有词填空
动词、形容词、副词、名词、代词
目录
有提示词语法填空
【高考预测】语法填空概率预测+题型预测+考向预测........................................................................................01
【思维导图】语法填空考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02
【应试秘籍】语法填空常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02
【误区点拨】语法填空点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................03
【抢分通关】语法填空押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）............................................................07
概率预测 ☆☆☆☆☆
题型预测 动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词
考向预测 语法填空之有提示词 ☆☆☆☆☆
一 提示词为动词
秘籍：解答提示词为动词的题型，突破口是首先判断提示词在句中是否充当谓语动词。
具体步骤如下：
第一步：寻找句中的谓语动词，同时关注句中是否出现并列连词、从属连词或关系词。如果句中已有谓语动词，但上述连词后仍需要谓语动词，则设空处为谓语动词。如果句中已有谓语动词且无上述连词，则设空处为非谓语动词。
第二步：设空处为谓语时，考虑时态、语态、主谓一致。观察句中是否有表示时态的时间状语、句子的真正主语和逻辑句意综合判断。设空处为非谓语时，考虑其在句中充当何种句子成分，再根据非谓语动词的用法进行判断。
第三步：将答案代入空中，根据设空前后的词语用法及句子的逻辑意思加以验证。
易错点：谓语动词被动语态过去式与过去分词易错
秘籍：被动语态过去式构成was/were+done; 过去分词构成：done
(2023年全国高考英语乙卷) Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
破解：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
变式1： (2022年全国高考英语I卷) The GPNP 60 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ......
破解：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。
变式2：Nearly seventeen centuries had rolled away before the city of Pompeii (dig) from its silent resting place.
破解：考查动词时态和语态。句意：将近17世纪过去了，庞贝城才从沉寂的地方被挖掘出来。本句是before引导的时间状语从句，dig作从句谓语，和主语the city of Pompeii之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据前文的had rolled可知，用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数。故填was dug。
变式3： Without any food (leave) in the house, he had to go to the supermarket.
破解：考查过去分词。句意：家里没有食物了，他不得不去超市。此处为“with(out)＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，宾语any food与非谓语动词leave之间是被动关系，leave用过去分词形式作宾补。故填left。
易错点二：非谓语动词-ing分词和-ed分词易错
In the film, the actor threw himself off the horse as if (shoot) to death.
破解：考查状语从句的省略和过去分词作状语。句意：在这部电影中，那个演员从马上摔了下来，好像是被枪杀的。此处是as if“好像”引导的方式状语从句，句子主语actor和shoot之间是被动关系，省略相同的主语和be动词，所以这里是过去分词作状语。故填shot。
变式1：There were loud crashes of glass (break) and things falling to the ground, but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.
破解：考查非谓语动词。句意：玻璃破碎的声音很响，东西掉在地上，但学生们仍然静静地等待着。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词there were，所以break用非谓语动词，和逻辑主语glass之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填breaking。
变式2：The museum’s galleries are constantly changing, (feature) both local and international artists.
破解：考查非谓语。句意：博物馆的画廊不断变化，主要展出本地和国际艺术家的作品。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语are changing，空处应使用非谓语形式，主语the museum’s galleries（博物馆的画廊）和feature（以......为特色；占重要地位）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词作状语。故填featuring。
变式3：London has the oldest port (build) by the Romans in the first century AD．
破解：考查非谓语动词。句意：伦敦有公元一世纪罗马人修建的最古老的港口。句中已有谓语has，空处是非谓语动词，port与动词build“修建，建造”逻辑上是被动关系，应用build的过去分词形式，作修饰port的后置定语。故填built。
二 提示词为形容词或副词
秘籍：提示词为形容词，考虑将其变为副词、动词、名词、比较级、最高级或加否定前缀。提示词为副词，考虑将其变为形容词、比较级或最高级。
具体步骤如下：
第一步：判断设空处在句中作表语、主语和同位语时，把形容词变为名词形式。
第二步：设空处修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，则将其变成副词。设空处仍需要形容词形式作表语、定语或补足，考虑变为否定词义、比较级或最高级形式。
第三步：设空处如果是副词，考虑变为形容词、副词的否定意义、比较级或最高级。
注意：比较级后面常有than, 有时前面会有any, much, far, even, still, a bit等修饰其程度。
易错点： 形容词和副词变形易错题
That’s a big problem and it is getting even (bad).
破解：考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用比较级worse，故填worse。
变式1：Jack likes science, so he thinks the AI Club is much (enjoyable) than the Chess Club.
破解：考查形容词比较级。句意：杰克喜欢科学，所以他认为AI俱乐部比国际象棋俱乐部有趣得多。根据than可知，此处使用形容词比较级more enjoyable“更有趣的”，作表语。故填more enjoyable。
变式2：Of all the stars, the sun is the (close) to the earth.(所给词的适当形式填空)
破解：考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有的恒星中，太阳离地球最近。由句子中表示比较范围的“Of all the stars”可知，应用形容词最高级。故填closest。
三 提示词为名词
秘籍：提示词为名词，考虑将其变为名词复数形式、形容词、或名词所有格。
具体步骤如下：
第一步：观察设空处前后的单词词性，分析设空处是否作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
第二步：若将名词变为形容词，设空处后面常跟名词，设空处作定语。若将名词变为复数形式，空格前常有one of, few, several, different, two, other等词修饰。
第三步：根据名词变复数的规则、名词所有格的变化形式和派生词的后缀结合句意填写正确答案。
易错点：名词变形易错
Official (statistic) show real waged increasing by 24% this year.
破解：考查名词。句意：官方统计数据显示，今年实际工资增长了24%。由句意就空后的 show real waged increasing by 24% this year可知此处应填名词复数形式statistics，作主语。故填statistics。
变式1：Visitors were struck by the natural scenery here, which was beautiful beyond _______ .(describe)
破解：考查名词。句意：这里的自然风光给游客留下了深刻的印象，美得难以形容。介词beyond后面用名词，beyond description“无法形容，难以形容”。故填description。
变式2：The (president) attending the meeting gave them a big surprise.
破解：考查名词所有格。句意：总统的出席给了他们一个很大的惊喜。分析句子可知，此处考查动名词的逻辑主语，此处应用名词所有格，构成动名词的复合结构作主语。故填president’s。
四 提示词为代词
秘籍：高考中有词填空主要考查人称代词。根据代词在句中所作的成份可以确定代词的答案。句中缺少主语用人称代词的主格，缺少宾语用代词的宾格形式。形容词性物主代词在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。反身代词在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hunt, introduce等动词和by, for, to等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，译作“本人、亲自”，但不能作主语。
Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of (they) contents.
破解：考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
变式1：When you give a speech, you should try to make (you) understood by the audiences.
破解：考查代词。句意：当你发表演讲时，你应该努力让听众听懂你的话。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，谓语动词的动作反作用于主语本身，应使用反身代词，而且make oneself understood为固定短语，含义为“让……听懂”，与句子表达的含义一致，故填yourself。
变式2：Jiang’s parents will help take care of Jiang’s daughter, and as they age, Jiang and his wife will help take care of (they).
破解：考查代词。句意：江的父母将会帮助照顾江的女儿。随着他们年老，江和他的妻子会帮助照顾他们。of是介词，介词的后面要接人称代词的宾格形式作介词的宾语，这里用them代指Jiang’s parents。故填them。
【押题新高考题型一】动词
1.The effect was to disrupt the food chain, (starve) many animals. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】starving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：其后果是破坏了食物链，使许多动物挨饿。分析句子结构可知，句中已有was to disrupt，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意，食物链被破坏，自然而然导致的结果是许多动物挨饿，所以空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填starving。
2. (inspire) by the famous NBA basketball player, he was determined to be a basketball player. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Inspired
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受著名的NBA篮球运动员的启发，他决心成为一名篮球运动员。句中已有谓语was determined to，空处应填非谓语动词，inspire和逻辑主语he之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语，位语句首首字母大写。故填Inspired。
3．A large amount of time (spend) on this project up to now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been spent
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，大量时间被花在这个项目上。由“up to now”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，时间是被花费，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语time是不可数名词，因此空格处是has been spent。故填has been spent。
4．We will keep you (inform) of any development. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】informed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如有任何进展，我们将随时通知您。inform和逻辑主语you是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。keep sb. of infomed“让某人知晓”是固定搭配。故填informed。
5．The agreement, (intend) to encourage children not to smoke, was signed last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】intended
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该协议于去年签署，旨在鼓励儿童不吸烟。此处为非谓语，动词intend和名词agreement之间是被动关系，用其过去分词作后置定语，intended已转化为形容词。故填intended。
6．The victim was found (bleed) on the ground and asking for help. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】bleeding
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受害者被发现躺在地上流血，正在寻求帮助。“find+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，the victim和bleed为主动关系，且表动作正在进行，应用现在分词；此处为其被动语态形式sb. be found+doing，空处填现在分词作主语补足语。故填bleeding。
7．It (confirm) that they worked out an effective method. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was confirmed
【详解】考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意：经证实，他们想出了一个有效的方法。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合“worked out”可知，此处应该是在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，confirm“确认，证实”和形式主语It之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是It，be动词应用was。故填was confirmed。
8．With the homework (finish), I went shopping with my mum happily. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】finished
【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：作业完成后，我高兴地和妈妈一起去购物。“homework”与“finish”之间是被动关系，即作业是被完成的，因此应该将finished变成过去分词来表示被动，从而构成with sth. done的复合结构，过去分词作宾语补足语。故填finished。
9．The dog (bark) for a long time, and I am following the sound to find it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been barking
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：狗已经叫了很长时间了，我正循着声音去找它。结合句意及“for a long time”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情一直持续到现在，有可能继续下去，使用现在完成进行时，主语dog是名词单数，故填has been barking。
10．After his parents passed away one by one, the little boy was left (burden) with the responsibility of the whole family. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】burdened
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在他的父母相继去世后，这个小男孩承担了整个家庭的责任。动词burden意为“使负重担”，和系动词之间没有连词，和主语构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填burdened。
11． (compare) with the traditional method, this invention is much cheaper. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Compared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与传统方法相比，本发明成本低廉。分析句子可知，空处用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语this invention与compare为被动关系，用过去分词。故填Compared。
12．The Mid-autumn Festival is a harvest festival (observe) on the 15th day of the 8th month of the Chinese lunar calendar. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】observed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中秋节是中国农历八月十五庆祝的一个丰收节。分析句子结构，本句的谓语是is，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语a harvest festival和observe之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填observed。
13．It's jaw dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables (reject) by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】rejected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：令人瞠目结舌的是，有多少非常好的食物被扔掉——从被食品杂货商拒绝接受的“丑陋”（但还可以食用）的蔬菜，到大量没吃完的被扔进餐馆垃圾桶的菜。分析语境可知，此处是分词短语作后置定语，修饰vegetables，因为蔬菜是“被拒绝”的，故用过去分词形式。故填rejected。
14．The teacher asks her students to remain (seat) until all the preparations are made. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】seated
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：老师要求学生们坐在座位上，直到所有的准备工作都做好。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，seat是动词，意为“使……坐下”与逻辑主语her students为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式，表示被动意义。故填seated。
15．The managers were discussing the plan which they all wanted to see (carry) out that month. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】carried
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：经理们正在讨论他们都希望在那个月实施的计划。分析句子结构可知，carry在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，定语从句的先行词plan承受carry out 的动作，因此使用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填carried。
16．He was also seen (wave) the 11-year-old off at the school gate as she walked into the building. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】waving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们还看到他在学校门口向11岁的她挥手告别，看着她走进大楼。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做主补，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语he之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填waving。
17．He (fall) in love with Mozart’s classical music when he sang for the university. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】fell
【详解】考查时态。句意：当他为大学演唱时，他爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。根据从句谓语sang可知，事情已发生，主句谓语动词fall为一般过去时。故填fell。
18．Neither my two younger sisters nor my younger brother (enjoy) going climbing.
【答案】enjoys
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：我的两个妹妹和弟弟都不喜欢爬山。设空处作谓语，此句描述人的喜好，用一般现在时；neither...nor...连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循就近一致原则，句中谓语动词与my younger brother保持数的一致，用第三人称单数。故填enjoys。
19．The manager demanded that his lawyer (call) or he wouldn’t say a single word.
【答案】be called
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：经理要求叫他的律师来，否则他一句话也不说。分析句子可知，本句是一个宾语从句，从句的主语是his lawyer，由于他的律师是被叫来，所以应用被动语态。这是demand的宾语从句，从句谓语用虚拟语气结构should+动词原形，should可以省略。故填be called。
20．The agreement (strength) the bonds between the two countries since then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has strengthened
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自那以后，该协议加强了两国之间的联系。分析可知，此处应填动词strengthen意为“加强”作句子谓语动词；根据时间状语since then可知，用现在完成时，且主语The agreement为单数，助动词应用has。故填has strengthened。
【押题新高考题型二】形容词/副词
1．After a big rain, the road become very (mud). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】muddy
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一场大雨之后，路变得很泥泞。根据After a big rain可知，一场大雨之后，路变得很泥泞，应填形容词muddy“泥泞的”，作表语。故填muddy。
2．According to the weather broadcast, it’s a bit (mist) this morning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】misty
【详解】考查形容词。句意：根据天气预报，今天上午有一点雾。作表语，应用形容词misty，故填misty。
3．The designers focused on the design of these artificial things while reducing damage to the (surround) environment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】surrounding
【详解】考查形容词。句意：设计师们专注于这些人造物品的设计，同时减少对周围环境的破坏。分析句子可知，设空处缺少形容词充当定语修饰名词environment，表示“周围的”，应填surrounding。故填surrounding。
4．His (politics) ideas are rather extreme.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】political
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的政治思想相当极端。修饰后文名词ideas应用形容词political“政治的”，作定语。故填political。
5．Reading is my (favor) hobby, and I will never stop my love for reading. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】favorite
【详解】考查形容词。句意：阅读是我最大的爱好，我永远不会停止我对阅读的热爱。修饰名词hobby应用形容词favorite，作定语。故填favorite。
6．Liza was so (frighten)that she couldn’t make a sound.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】frightened
【详解】考查形容词。句意：莉莎吓得连声音都发不出来。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作表语；frightened为形容词，表示“害怕的、受惊的”，符合句意。故填frightened。
7．Nothing is (happy) than having a cold drink in a hot day. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】happier
【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：没有什么比在热天喝一杯冷饮更幸福的了。根据空后than以及句意可知，空格处应填入形容词的比较级，“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义。故填happier。
8．The people who drank this water were much (likely) to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】more likely
【详解】考查形容词。句意：喝这种水的人比喝纯净水或开水的人更容易得霍乱。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，根据空前的much修饰形容词比较级以及空后的than可知，此处应为比较级形式。故填more likely。
9．When I get back home, there is nothing (satisfying) than a big meat dinner. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】more satisfying
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：当我回到家，没有什么比一顿丰盛的肉类大餐更令人满意的了。根据句意以及空后的“than a big meat dinner”可知设空处用形容词satisfying的比较级more satisfying，此句使用了否定词和比较级搭配来表示最高级，一顿丰盛的肉类大餐最令人满意了。故填more satisfying。
10．It will also enable Lao businesses to (well) fit into regional and global supply chains. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】better
【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：它还将使老挝企业更好地融入区域和全球供应链。分析句意可知，此处讲新铁路带来的好处，这个好处是相对于以前情况而讲的，用副词比较级better作状语，修饰动词短语fit into。故填better。
【押题新高考题型三】名词
1．In the past few years, the town has hosted world Internet Conference, which makes life much more (convenience) than it has been. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】convenient
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在过去的几年里，这个小镇举办了世界互联网大会，这使生活比以前方便多了。make+宾语+宾补，结合more可知，形容词比较级more convenient作宾语补足语。故填convenient。
2．That was a (delight) party and he was delighted to accept the invitation.
【答案】delightful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：那是一个令人愉快的聚会，他很高兴地接受了邀请。设空处作定语修饰名词party，delight的形容词delightful“使人快乐的；令人愉快的”符合句意。故填为delightful。
3．It’s (evidence) that they have experience in this work.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】evident
【详解】考查形容词。句意：很明显他们在这项工作中有经验。作表语，表示“明显的”，应用形容词evident，it is evident that...“很明显……”，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。故填evident。
4．The statement is open to (variety) understandings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】various
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个声明可以有不同的理解。形容词various意为“各种各样的”，修饰名词，作定语。故填various。
5．The museum is holding an exhibition where you will see many works by (influence) artists. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：博物馆正在举办展览，你将看到许多有影响力的艺术家的作品。由空后artists为名词可知，此处为形容词influential“有影响力的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填influential。
6．As is known to us all, a (harmony) society means that human beings can get along well with each other. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】harmonious
【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，一个和谐的社会意味着人类可以相处得很好。由空后society为名词可知，此处为形容词harmonious“和谐的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填harmonious。
7．I was (relief) to learn that he had arrived home safely. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】relieved
【详解】考查形容词。句意：得知他已安全到家，我松了一口气。由句意及空前的I was可知应填形容词形式relieved“宽慰的；放心的”，作表语。故填relieved。
8．Some mushrooms are good to eat; some are (poison). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】poisonous
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一些蘑菇很好吃；有些有毒。根据句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作表语。poisonous意为“有毒的”。故填poisonous。
9．“He saved my (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know how to thank him.” (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】son’s
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：“他救了我儿子的命，”布朗太太说。我不知道该如何感谢他。”此处life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。
10．We need some development (strategy) to deal with unemployment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】strategies
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们需要一些发展策略来解决失业问题。strategy“策略”为可数名词，被some修饰，因此空处用其复数形式作宾语。故填strategies。
【押题新高考题型四】代词
1．He had a good disguise (伪装), but as soon as he spoke he betrayed (he). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】himself
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：他伪装得很好，但他一说话就暴露了自己。结合句意空处应填代词，作宾语，主语和宾语是同一个人，应用反身代词himself，betray oneself 意为“原形毕露”，固定搭配。故填himself。
2．In fact, STEM subjects are fun and exciting. Studying science can do (we) good. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】us
【详解】考查代词。句意：事实上，STEM课程既有趣又令人兴奋。学习科学对我们有好处。在句中做谓语do的宾语，填宾格代词us。故填us。
3．It falls on the first Saturday in April. (it) aim is to honor and celebrate America's children and stress the importance of love as they grow up. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Its
【详解】考查代词。句意：它在四月的第一个星期六。它的目的是向美国儿童致敬和庆祝，并强调爱在他们成长过程中的重要性。设空处修饰名词aim，联系上句可知，此处表示此节日的目的，表示所属关系，指物，故用形容词性物主代词its（它的），又因设空处在句首，首字母要大写。故填Its。
4．Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】its
【详解】考查代词。句意：关于月球组成的数据，比如月球上的冰和其他珍宝是如何包含的，可以帮助中国决定未来的月球基地计划是否可行。修饰名词plans需用形容词性物主代词its，指代“中国的”。故填its。
5． (I) listening to rock music annoyed him. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】My
【详解】考查代词。句意：我听摇滚音乐使他很恼怒。根据后面的动名词listening(听)可知，空处用形容词性物主代词，构成动名词的复合结构one's doing sth.，作主语。故填My。
6．As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】themselves
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。主语与宾语为同一个人时，宾语用反身代词。故填themselves。
7．We can overcome the problems that challenge us or we can enjoy (we) by avoiding all difficulties. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】ourselves
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：我们可以克服挑战我们的问题，或者我们可以通过回避所有的困难过得很快乐。enjoy oneself是固定短语，表示“玩得开心；过得快乐”，句中主语是“我们”，所以应使用相应反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
8．I wonder whether you have asked ( you) what you really want. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】yourself
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：我想知道你是否问过你自己真正想要什么。根据提示词和句意可知，空处应使用you的反身代词yourself，作ask的宾语。故填yourself。秘籍04 语法填空有词填空
动词、形容词、副词、名词、代词
目录
有提示词语法填空
【高考预测】语法填空概率预测+题型预测+考向预测........................................................................................01
【思维导图】语法填空考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02
【应试秘籍】语法填空常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02
【误区点拨】语法填空点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................03
【抢分通关】语法填空押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）............................................................06
概率预测 ☆☆☆☆☆
题型预测 动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词
考向预测 语法填空之有提示词 ☆☆☆☆☆
一 提示词为动词
秘籍：解答提示词为动词的题型，突破口是首先判断提示词在句中是否充当谓语动词。
具体步骤如下：
第一步：寻找句中的谓语动词，同时关注句中是否出现并列连词、从属连词或关系词。如果句中已有谓语动词，但上述连词后仍需要谓语动词，则设空处为谓语动词。如果句中已有谓语动词且无上述连词，则设空处为非谓语动词。
第二步：设空处为谓语时，考虑时态、语态、主谓一致。观察句中是否有表示时态的时间状语、句子的真正主语和逻辑句意综合判断。设空处为非谓语时，考虑其在句中充当何种句子成分，再根据非谓语动词的用法进行判断。
第三步：将答案代入空中，根据设空前后的词语用法及句子的逻辑意思加以验证。
易错点：谓语动词被动语态过去式与过去分词易错
秘籍：被动语态过去式构成was/were+done; 过去分词构成：done
(2023年全国高考英语乙卷) Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
变式1： (2022年全国高考英语I卷) The GPNP 60 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ......
变式2：Nearly seventeen centuries had rolled away before the city of Pompeii (dig) from its silent resting place.
变式3： Without any food (leave) in the house, he had to go to the supermarket.
易错点二：非谓语动词-ing分词和-ed分词易错
In the film, the actor threw himself off the horse as if (shoot) to death.
变式1：There were loud crashes of glass (break) and things falling to the ground, but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.
变式2：The museum’s galleries are constantly changing, (feature) both local and international artists.
变式3：London has the oldest port (build) by the Romans in the first century AD．
二 提示词为形容词或副词
秘籍：提示词为形容词，考虑将其变为副词、动词、名词、比较级、最高级或加否定前缀。提示词为副词，考虑将其变为形容词、比较级或最高级。
具体步骤如下：
第一步：判断设空处在句中作表语、主语和同位语时，把形容词变为名词形式。
第二步：设空处修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，则将其变成副词。设空处仍需要形容词形式作表语、定语或补足，考虑变为否定词义、比较级或最高级形式。
第三步：设空处如果是副词，考虑变为形容词、副词的否定意义、比较级或最高级。
注意：比较级后面常有than, 有时前面会有any, much, far, even, still, a bit等修饰其程度。
易错点： 形容词和副词变形易错题
That’s a big problem and it is getting even (bad).
变式1：Jack likes science, so he thinks the AI Club is much (enjoyable) than the Chess Club.
变式2：Of all the stars, the sun is the (close) to the earth.(所给词的适当形式填空)
三 提示词为名词
秘籍：提示词为名词，考虑将其变为名词复数形式、形容词、或名词所有格。
具体步骤如下：
第一步：观察设空处前后的单词词性，分析设空处是否作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
第二步：若将名词变为形容词，设空处后面常跟名词，设空处作定语。若将名词变为复数形式，空格前常有one of, few, several, different, two, other等词修饰。
第三步：根据名词变复数的规则、名词所有格的变化形式和派生词的后缀结合句意填写正确答案。
易错点：名词变形易错
Official (statistic) show real waged increasing by 24% this year.
变式1：Visitors were struck by the natural scenery here, which was beautiful beyond _______ .(describe)
变式2：The (president) attending the meeting gave them a big surprise.
四 提示词为代词
秘籍：高考中有词填空主要考查人称代词。根据代词在句中所作的成份可以确定代词的答案。句中缺少主语用人称代词的主格，缺少宾语用代词的宾格形式。形容词性物主代词在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。反身代词在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hunt, introduce等动词和by, for, to等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，译作“本人、亲自”，但不能作主语。
Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of (they) contents.
变式1：When you give a speech, you should try to make (you) understood by the audiences.
变式2：Jiang’s parents will help take care of Jiang’s daughter, and as they age, Jiang and his wife will help take care of (they).
【押题新高考题型一】动词
1.The effect was to disrupt the food chain, (starve) many animals. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2. (inspire) by the famous NBA basketball player, he was determined to be a basketball player. （所给词的适当形式填空）
3．A large amount of time (spend) on this project up to now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．We will keep you (inform) of any development. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．The agreement, (intend) to encourage children not to smoke, was signed last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．The victim was found (bleed) on the ground and asking for help. （所给词的适当形式填空）
7．It (confirm) that they worked out an effective method. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．With the homework (finish), I went shopping with my mum happily. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．The dog (bark) for a long time, and I am following the sound to find it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．After his parents passed away one by one, the little boy was left (burden) with the responsibility of the whole family. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11． (compare) with the traditional method, this invention is much cheaper. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．The Mid-autumn Festival is a harvest festival (observe) on the 15th day of the 8th month of the Chinese lunar calendar. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13．It's jaw dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables (reject) by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. （所给词的适当形式填空）
14．The teacher asks her students to remain (seat) until all the preparations are made. （所给词的适当形式填空）
15．The managers were discussing the plan which they all wanted to see (carry) out that month. （所给词的适当形式填空）
16．He was also seen (wave) the 11-year-old off at the school gate as she walked into the building. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17．He (fall) in love with Mozart’s classical music when he sang for the university. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18．Neither my two younger sisters nor my younger brother (enjoy) going climbing.
19．The manager demanded that his lawyer (call) or he wouldn’t say a single word.
20．The agreement (strength) the bonds between the two countries since then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【押题新高考题型二】形容词/副词
1．After a big rain, the road become very (mud). (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．According to the weather broadcast, it’s a bit (mist) this morning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．The designers focused on the design of these artificial things while reducing damage to the (surround) environment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．His (politics) ideas are rather extreme.(所给词的适当形式填空)
5．Reading is my (favor) hobby, and I will never stop my love for reading. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．Liza was so (frighten)that she couldn’t make a sound.(所给词的适当形式填空)
7．Nothing is (happy) than having a cold drink in a hot day. （所给词的适当形式填空）
8．The people who drank this water were much (likely) to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．When I get back home, there is nothing (satisfying) than a big meat dinner. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．It will also enable Lao businesses to (well) fit into regional and global supply chains. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【押题新高考题型三】名词
1．In the past few years, the town has hosted world Internet Conference, which makes life much more (convenience) than it has been. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．That was a (delight) party and he was delighted to accept the invitation.
3．It’s (evidence) that they have experience in this work.（所给词的适当形式填空）
4．The statement is open to (variety) understandings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．The museum is holding an exhibition where you will see many works by (influence) artists. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．As is known to us all, a (harmony) society means that human beings can get along well with each other. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．I was (relief) to learn that he had arrived home safely. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．Some mushrooms are good to eat; some are (poison). (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．“He saved my (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know how to thank him.” (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．We need some development (strategy) to deal with unemployment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【押题新高考题型四】代词
1．He had a good disguise (伪装), but as soon as he spoke he betrayed (he). (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．In fact, STEM subjects are fun and exciting. Studying science can do (we) good. （所给词的适当形式填空）
3．It falls on the first Saturday in April. (it) aim is to honor and celebrate America's children and stress the importance of love as they grow up. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. （所给词的适当形式填空）
5． (I) listening to rock music annoyed him. （所给词的适当形式填空）
6．As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．We can overcome the problems that challenge us or we can enjoy (we) by avoiding all difficulties. （所给词的适当形式填空）
8．I wonder whether you have asked ( you) what you really want. (所给词的适当形式填空）

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