《2024年高考英语二轮复习增分必刷题》
专题12高考真题熟词生义+高阶单词短语100例（2月第4周）+名校月考卷
原卷版
一、真题熟词生义（背一背，悟一悟，轻松跨越词汇障碍）
21.field 熟义:n.___________ 生义:n. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 C) “...It's destroying the environment. It's them or us,” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
“……它正在破坏环境。要么是它们，要么是我们，该领域专家迈克尔 马西米说。
22.float 熟义:v. ___________ 生义: vt. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 C)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead.
“我们向我妈妈提出了合租一套房子的建议，”凯瑟琳 怀特黑德说。
23.follow 热又:v. ___________ 生义: vt. ___________
(2020 全国I卷 七选五)Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good- enough.
不要效仿那些让你感觉不够好的人。
24.frequent 熟义:adj. ___________ 生义: vt. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 D)Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
鼓励读者使用图书馆。在你的社交媒体上分享图书馆的公告。当你可以的时候，常去并聊一聊图书馆。
25.freeze熟义:vi. ___________ 生义: vi___________
(2020 7月浙江卷 完形填空)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.
当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我吓呆了。
26.graduate 熟义:v. ___________ 生义:vi. ___________
(2020 7月浙江卷 七选五)I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters.
我很快就从读典型的儿童读物升级为读插图少、章节多的书。
27.grab熟义:vt. ___________ 生义:vt. ___________
(2020 新高考I卷 D)An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.
被研究人员雇用的一名演员先匆忙地吃下她的食物。
28. green 熟义:adj. ___________ 生义: adj. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 C)He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it.
他说，让人们相信海狸鼠的皮毛是环保的并不容易,但他对此毫不怀疑。
29.harvest熟义:n. ___________生义: vt. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 D)They made a living as divers, spear fishing or harvesting shellfish.
他们作为潜水者谋生，用鱼叉捕鱼或捕猎贝类。
30.history熟义:n. ___________ 生义:n. ___________
(2020 全国I卷 C)...people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.
……有此类伤病史的人在进行这项运动时可能要谨慎一些。
31.home 熟义:n. ___________ 生义:n. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 A)Owned by the Hasell family since 1679,home to the International Marmalade Festival.
自1679年起就为Hasell家族所拥有，也是国际果酱节的发源地。
32.number 熟义:n. ___________ 生义:vi. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 D)The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines.
这些人被称为巴瑶人，在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾总计数十万。
33.original 熟义:adj. ___________ 生义:n. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 完形填空)The official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $SO million.
这位官员证实，这些画是真迹，价值高达5.000万美元。
34.picture 熟义:n. ___________ 生义: vt. ___________
(2020 7月浙江卷 A)To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.读者要想从阅读这些戏剧中获得最大的乐趣，就要试着去想象戏剧正在舞台上表演着，自己置身于观众席中的情景。
35.pound 熟义:n. ___________ 生义:v. ___________
(2020 全国I卷 C)However，race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
Norberg博士说，然而，竞走不像跑步那样对身体造成那么大的冲击。
36.print 熟义:vt. ___________生义: vt. ___________
(2020 全国I卷 D)These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.
这些(植物)包括在叶子上印上传感器来显示缺水情况的植物，以及一种可以检测到地下水中有害化学物质的植物。
37.remember 熟义:vt. ___________ 生义:vt. ___________
(2020 新高考I卷 C)To remember a writer.为了纪念一位作家。
38.scene 熟义:n. ___________ 生义: n. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 完形填空)...the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone's day.……事情发展成了一次不愉快的争吵，毁了大家一天的心情。
39.spring 熟义:n. ___________ 生义:v. ___________
(2020 新高考卷 写作)Suddenly， he sprang to his feet and cried,“I have a great idea!”
突然，他跳起来，喊道:“我有个好主意!”
40.strength熟义:n.力___________ 生义: n. ___________
(2020 全国I卷 七选五)Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections.
既然你已经列出了自己的优点，那就列出你的缺点吧。
41.story 熟义:n. ___________ 生义:n. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 C)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.
像这样的新闻报道在世界上的一些地方更为常见，这些地方几世同堂生活在一起的想法根深蒂固。
42.style 熟义:n. ___________ 生义: n. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 C)Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.
在新奥尔良和布鲁克林不同寻常的时装秀上，海狸鼠的皮毛被制成了不同款式的衣服在橱窗中展示。
43.taste熟义:vt. ___________ 生义:n. ___________
(2020 新高考卷 C)...on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.当他在去布哈拉的路上被怀疑涉嫌贩毒时，他体验到了警察的办案方式。
44.translate 熟义:vt___________ 生义:vt. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 B)“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
“那些玩拼图游戏的孩子比那些不玩拼图游戏的孩子在评估他们的旋转图形能力和平移图形能力的任务中表现得更好，”莱文在一份声明中说。
45.transport熟义:vt. ___________ 生义: vt. ___________
(2020 江苏卷 任务型阅读)Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles.
幽默也能使你从日常烦恼中解脱出来。
46.wild 熟义:adj. ___________ 生义:n. ___________
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 C)Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.
海狸鼠是由阿根廷的皮毛养殖者带来的,并被放归野外。
47.wander 熟义:vi. ___________ 生义:vi. ___________
(2020 新高考I卷 七选五) People’s attention wanders constantly.人们不时地开小差。
48.welcome 熟义:v. ___________ 生义:adj. ___________
(2020 全国I卷 B)There's a welcome familiarity, but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship.
有一种令人愉快的亲近感--但有时也会让人产生一种轻微的怀疑，时间已经改变了你们二者，也改变了你们的关系。
二、高阶单词（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）
1. extensive a.
2. prized a.
3. assemble vt.
4. illustrate vt.
5. activate vt.
6. move n.
7. scheme n.
8. poverty n
9. criteria pl
10. enclose vt.
11. restrictive a.
12. enrolment n.
13. ration vt.
14. experimentation n
15. prosperous a.
16. weave vt.
17. embrace vt
18. attainment n.
19. justify vt
20. highlight vt.
21. conception n
22. boundary n
23. novel a.
24. pastime n
25. currently ad.
26. imply vt
27. respondent n
28. strategy n.
29. perception n.
30. lean vi.
31. naive a.
32. favorably ad.
33. narrow vt.
34. well-deserved a
35. flexibility n
36. pound n
37. cognitive a.
38. vigorous a.
39. inviting a.
40. absurd a.
41. logical a.
42. invisible a.
43. stand n
44. gesture vt.
45. sharp a.
46. catalog n.
47. scratch vt
48. negotiation n.
49. reluctant a.
50. tower v.
三、高阶短语（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）
1. hold up
2. hold on to
3. hold back
4. hold on
5. add up to/amount to
6. set off
7. if only
8. only if
9. check out
10. chase after
13. be addicted to doing
14. on behalf of
15. so far; up to/till now; to date
16. take up
17. pull out
18. fit in with
19. shed light on
20. miss out on
21. leap out of
22. face up to
23. wind up
24. roll down
25. lay off
26. settle down
27. enter for
28. correspond to
29. in the shape of
30. under one’s guidance
31. think highly of
32. scare off
33. wipe out
34. with ease
35. feel at ease
36. lay a solid foundation for
37. mounting evidence
38. boost immune function
39. carve out time for jogging
40. present sb with sth
41. in place
42. in vain
43. qualify for…
44. fall apart
45. pros and cons
46. social engagement
47. be equal to
48. it turns out that…
49. fill gaps
50. make sense of
四、名校月考题（做一做，悟一悟，轻松跨越能力障碍）
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Make life as easy as possible with devices and gear designed to simplify your travels — whether that means charging on the go, neat organizers or lightweight storage for no-trouble quick trips.
LARQ Bottle Filter (过滤器)
This innovative drinking bottle with a low-pressure sucker is designed to filter water on the go wiping out pollutants such as chlorine (氯) for a refreshing taste. The filter will work on up to 151 litres of water before needing to be replaced — the equivalent (等同) of around 300 single-use plastic bottles. Available in 500ml ( 58) and 740ml ( 68) sizes.
Stubble & Co Adventure Bag
This 42-litre backpack has an easy-access clamshell (翻盖) design that opens to reveal zipped parts of various sizes, including a waterproof pocket for shoes. It also features a laptop sleeve, water bottle pocket and hidden parts for valuables. Available in black, olive, blue and orange. 195.
Shokz OpenFit
Shokz’s lightweight earphones sit on top of the ear canal, meaning they’re comfortable enough to wear for long periods. The 28-hour battery life ensures you won’t need to charge them on an overnight trip, though it’s easy enough to do so by plugging in the small, accompanying case. The Shokz App allows you to customize the controls, too. 179.
July Carry On Pro
For those who prefer not to carry luggage on their backs, this smart roller is the perfect overnighter. It has two separate internal parts, a waterproof polycarbonate (聚碳酸酯) hard shell and a zipped front part in which to store a laptop. The integrated, removable power bank allows travelers to charge devices on the go. 275.
1. What is special about LARQ Bottle Filter
A. It is of various sizes. B. It makes for health.
C. It is used to store water. D. It replaces 300 plastic bottles.
2. Which is suitable for listening to music
A. Shokz OpenFit. B. July Carry On Pro.
C LARQ Bottle Filter. D. Stubble & Co Adventure Bag.
3. What is the text
A. A travel diary. B. A life description.
C. A science instruction. D. A sales advertisement.
B
I have discovered that I have a second shadow these days as I go outside. This one, however, has four legs instead
of two. It is my daughter’s adopted, black cat: Miss Alice. Every time I go out the door she is waiting on my front porch, meowing to be petted. Then she follows me down the hill to my car sometimes running in front so she can get in my way for even more petting. And when I finally return home she is there asking for attention again.
It wasn’t always this way. The very first time I saw Miss Alice she was hiding under my house just having had a family of kittens. When I looked under there I got an angry hiss (嘘声) from her, warning me I was in for a clawing if I got near her kittens. It took a lot of time, patience, kindness, love, and cat food from my daughter to tame her. At first she didn’t want to be touched at all. Then she would only allow an occasional petting. Now my daughter can pick her up and carry her up the road to her house like a little baby. It still makes me smile to see how my daughter’s loving, caring and sympathetic spirit tamed this wild cat and made her as lovable as the most affectionate dog.
I guess that is the power of love. It can heal a hurting heart. It can save a broken spirit. It can uplift a sunken soul. It can free you from fear. It can transform your life. It can even take a violent, wild cat and turn her into a puppy dog in a cat suit.
Embrace (拥抱) the love in your own life then. Welcome the love of your family and friends into your life. And let your own love flow through everything you think, everything you say, and everything you do.
4. What do we know about the cat from the first paragraph
A. It enjoys staying with the author. B. It tends to be in the author’s road.
C. It is often ignored by the daughter. D. It gets well along with the daughter.
5. What does the underlined word “tame” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A. Feed her up. B. Make her mild. C. Arrange for her. D. Dress her up.
6. What makes the author still smile
A. The lovely dog. B. The daughter’s love.
C. The cat’s babies. D. The harmonious family.
7. What message does the text convey
A. Where there is life, there is hope.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. Love is life in its fullness like the cup with its wine.
D. Do what you fear, and fear that nature will fade away.
C
In the Seychelles archipelago (塞舌尔群岛) in East Africa, flooding and erosion (侵蚀) caused by rising sea level pose an incoming threat to the country’s many low-lying islands. At the same time its mangrove forests (红树林), which serve as a vital aspect against these impacts, are disappearing: Approximately 70% of Seychelles
mangroves have been destroyed since the late 1700s due to human-driven development and agriculture as well as soil erosion from sea-level rise.
Today the Seychelles Government is working with local community leaders to restore the mangroves, and not just for protection against rising sealevel. Research shows that these forests can store about 2.5 million tonnes of CO2 (equal to taking 500,000 cars off the road for a year), directly helping to fight climate change. They also provide a breeding ground for fisheries, a sector that contributes one-fifth of the country’s GDP, benefiting local communities’ livelihood and helping to protect the islands’ lively biodiversity (多样性).
While the concept of using nature to benefit both lives and lands is by no means new, global interest in “nature-based solutions” has skyrocketed in recent years. Many now see nature-based solutions as a key approach for addressing not only climate change but a range of social, environmental and economic challenges—from biodiversity loss, food security and air pollution to disease control and declining local economies.
Yet there remains widespread debate about what exactly constitutes a nature-based solution as well as how to best include these strategies into broader climate and conservation efforts. This indetermination has contributed to significant under-investment: It’s estimated that to limit temperature rise to below 1.5 degrees C (degrees F), hold back biodiversity loss and control land degradation (恶化), annual investments in nature-based approaches must be three times by 2030.
As nature-based solutions continue to rise on the global agenda, building a more consistent understanding around the concept and its implications will be key to raising support for effective, extensive solutions that benefit both people and the planet.
8. What do the first two paragraphs focus on
A. The diversity of economy in East African.
B. The environmental protection in East Africa.
C. The disappearance of mangroves in East Africa.
D. The operation of nature-based solutions in East Africa.
9. Which of the following words can best describe nature-based solutions
A. Novel. B. Effective. C. Ruinous. D. Uncertain.
10. What is the aim of the nature-based solutions in 2030
A. 500,000 cars are taken off the road.
B. Yearly investment increases by double.
C. The temperature rise is limited to below 2.7℃.
D. A conference on nature-based solutions is held.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. What Exactly Are Nature-based Solutions
B. Why Are Nature-based Solutions on the Rise
C. How Can Nature-based Solutions Help Fight Climate Change
D. What Are the Potential Weaknesses of Nature-based Solutions
D
Neuroengineer Silvestro Micera develops advanced technological solutions to help people regain sensory and motor functions that have been lost due to injury events or neurological disorders. Until now, he has never before worked on strengthening the human body and cognition with the help of technology.
Now in a study published in Science Robotics, Micera and his team report on how diaphragm (隔膜) movement can be monitored for successful control of an extra arm, essentially augmenting a healthy individual with a third-robotic-arm.
For further exploration, the researchers first built a virtual environment to test a healthy user’s capacity to control a virtual arm using movement of his or her diaphragm. They found that diaphragm control does not interfere with actions like controlling one’s physiological (生理 ) arms, one’s speech or gaze.
In this virtual reality setup, the user is equipped with a belt that measures diaphragm movement. Wearing a virtual reality headset, the user sees three arms: the right arm and hand, the left arm and hand, and a third arm between the two with a symmetric (对称), six-fingered hand.
In the virtual environment, the user is then hinted to reach out with either the left hand, the right hand, or in the middle with the symmetric hand. In the real environment, the user holds onto an exoskeleton (外骨骼) with both arms, which allows for control of the virtual left and right arms. Movement detected by the belt around the diaphragm is used for controlling the virtual middle, symmetric arm. The setup was tested on 61 healthy subjects (受试者) in over 150 sessions.
Previous studies regarding the control of robotic arms have been focused on helping the disabled. The latest Science Robotics study is a step beyond repairing the human body towards augmentation. “Our next step is to explore the use of more complex robotic devices using our various control strategies, to perform real-life tasks, both inside and outside of the laboratory. Only then will we be able to grasp the real potential of this approach,” concludes Micera.
12. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To show an evidence.
C. To summarize the general idea.
D. To offer some background.
13. What are the fourth and fifth paragraphs probably about
A. A virtual reality game.
B. A new medical device.
C. A new treatment method.
D. An experiment on animals.
14. How does the author support the theme of the text
A. By listing some related data.
B. By offering some examples.
C. By making some comparisons.
D. By describing research processes.
15. What is probably continued with the text
A. How to expand controllable robotic devices.
B. Where to find new and exciting opportunities.
C. How to further develop the robot market potential.
D. Why to balance inside and outside of the laboratory.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Autonomy-supportive parenting is an approach that focuses on building a child’s sense of agency in the world as well as a strong sense of self. ____16____ We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults. Therefore, instead of pushing adults’ way of thinking on children, adults should let kids do their own critical thinking and solve problems themselves, which will help them trust their abilities.
Guide kids to find their own solution
As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently. ____17____ While one child may find it easy to start their homework independently, the other might not be a self-starter. So we push our kids to the next level by knowing their skill level and meeting them there.
Let kids find their own fun
____18____ It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times. That’s a huge burden on us! Letting children find their own thing to do when boredom strikes allows them to become self-sufficient and use their imagination to find fun on their own.
Being sympathetic doesn’t mean giving in
Another characteristic of autonomy-supportive parenting is being open, curious, and flexible. Trusting children to be accountable to themselves (or acting like it) is the only way you will know if your child will be a responsible, independent adult. For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds. ____19____
Don’t forget to support yourself
Once you grasp autonomy-supportive parenting, you’ll see opportunities to put it into practice. No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy. ____20____ If you get hard on yourself because you’re not measuring up, you’re more likely to return to the controlling practices.
A. It may work.
B. Our kids don’t know how to manage boredom.
C. That can mean we have to support them in different ways.
D. So forgive yourself if things don’t go right on a particular day.
E. And they may not know yet, but it’s good for them to think about it.
F. Some days are just going to be more autonomy-supportive than others.
G. It’s trying to understand children’s experience of what’s going on right now.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team. The ____21____ allows the members on the team to establish teamwork, adjust its work processes, and ____22____ a communication channel to the rest of the organization.
I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like. Here is their story on what they do to ____23____ as a team.
This team ____24____ eighteen members that worked in a manufacturing facility in Texas. Their working ____25____ were not the best. During the night when I ____26____ them they were performing a hot and dirty job and ____27____ that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am. Their ____28____ was not the best and the products they were making had a terrible ____29____, which most people can’t stand.
The reason why I know this information is that when you have the opportunity to see how a team really works, you want to _____30_____ their secrets. So I was looking for answers.
As I stayed and communicated with the team members to find out how they worked together, they described to me their requirements for team development.
They said, “Each member has a good time, and we are in tune (协调)with each other, and we have a great _____31_____ of team spirit, believe in our _____32_____, and run the operation without a formal leader in the middle of things. We have a ‘shared’ philosophy.”
Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company. They were described as “_____33_____” compared to other 156 teams. They were motivated by the positive attention, and the _____34_____ that went along with being the best.
It is clear that this team developed to compete for the goal instead of against each other. This team has stayed _____35_____ and self-directed because of being allowed to become more than their “individual selves”.
21. A. leader B. learner C. waiter D. customer
22. A. defend against B. look into C. leave out D. serve as
23. A. set out B. stand out C. work out D. run out
24. A. accounts for B. concentrates on C. consists of D. cares about
25. A. conditions B. habits C. states D. attitudes
26. A. bothered B. reminded C. trained D. observed
27. A. far from B. in return for C. apart from D. in case of
28. A. pay B. mood C. diet D. rent
29. A. delivery B. smell C. quality D. shape
30. A. compare B. uncover C. adjust D. keep
31. A. taste B. bite C. review D. sense
32. A. limitation B. prejudice C. purpose D. complaint
33. A. special B. normal C. hesitant D. ridiculous
34. A. pity B. security C. pride D. tense
35. A. self-centered B. self-employed C. self-funded D. self-driven
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Oct 2, 2023, the fourth day of the Mid-Autumn Festival and the National Day holiday, a rural coffee shop in ____36____ eastern province of Zhejiang sold more than 7,100 cups of the drink. It broke ____37____ (it) own record of selling more than 5,100 cups during the Labor Day holiday in May.
The Dark Blue X Cafe in Hongmiao village, Meixi town, Anji county, was built on the grounds of an ____38____
(abandon) mine that ____39____ (be) idle (闲置的) for more than 10 years. The scenery attracts tourists from nearby cities such as Shanghai, Hangzhou, Zhejiang’s capital, and Huzhou, also in Zhejiang.
Described by netizens as an “Iceland-like site in Anji”, the heart-shaped mine shaft (矿井) is 108 meters deep and filled with rainwater, which reflects the deep blue sky.
There are more than 300 coffee shops in Anji a mountainous county ____40____ a population of about 580,000 in the north of the province, surpassing Shanghai in terms of per capita cafes. The county was declared by Lonely Planet magazine as “China’s City of Coffee in 2022.”
Local authorities spent a long time planning the transformation of the mine into a new business opportunity. For example, Shen Yongtian, secretary of the local Party branch, made a fact-finding visit to Shanghai’s Zhujiajiao Water Town, ____41____ the camping industry was growing rapidly.
According to Shen, early last year, a group of college students proposed building a cafe in ____42____ (cooperate) with the village. Their diligent research and innovative plan set them apart from all other competitors. “Their detailed proposal was rather ____43____ (persuasion) and convincing,” Shen said.
____44____ (promote) rural vitalization (振兴)further, villages in Anji have widely adopted a model called “Two investments and three returns”, in which residents and the village _____45_____ (collective) invest capital and resources, and in return they earn rent, wages and dividends(分红)from operations managed by cooperating companies or entrepreneurial teams.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，正在英国某高中上学。从你校网站上获悉你校将举办运动会并在招聘相关记者。你打算给相关人员发一封电子邮件应聘，内容包括：
1. 发邮件的原因；
2. 你的能力和特点；
3. 盼望得到肯定的答复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am an outdoor lover and I’ve made it a routine to explore different regions annually with a friend during our vacation. This year, in addition to beauty of nature, I’ve experienced something more.
It was late afternoon. A few hours before sunset, Darcy and I decided to hike to Acomat Falls, hidden in the rainforest.
Expecting to spend no more than an hour at the falls, we wore T-shirts and swimsuits and hadn’t told anyone where we were going. After crossing the wide river at a shallow spot and walking upstream about 100 yards, we reached the falls at around 4 pm. We dived into the green pool and floated on our backs, amazed at the canyon(峡谷) walls.
By 4:30, Darcy reminded me that we needed to head back to the car before dark, but I was waist-deep in the river trying to photograph the falls, the hanging vines(葡萄藤), and the dreaminess of the place. Darcy had to wait on a stone. I finally took a good photo—and then she screamed.
With a crack like thunder, a violent wall of water rushed over the falls, turning the dreamy swimming pool into a churning(旋涡的) monster. Flash flood! I jumped out of the river seconds before the flood crashed over the spot where I’d just been standing. Darcy climbed barefoot off toward higher ground. Darcy and I climbed up the canyon on all fours, grabbing vines to pull ourselves up. I looked over my shoulder and saw that the water had risen 20 feet in less than a minute.
Darcy led us through the dense bush, prickly trees, and ankle-deep mud. After we’d climbed 200 feet, we stopped to catch our breath. Now we had a different problem: The road was on the other side of the swollen river. We were stuck in the forested mountain.
We had no rain jackets and were exhausted from the climb. Darcy asked if I had my phone. It was soaking wet, but still blinked on. No service. We decided to move toward higher ground to get a better signal. It was almost dark. For a moment, I got through, and I heard the faint voice of Grace, our rental host. She said she’d call for help. Then the phone went silent—no signal again.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
It seemed that we were in a desperate situation.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Trapped there, we wondered whether and how rescuers could find us.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________《2024年高考英语二轮复习增分必刷题》
专题12高考真题熟词生义+高阶单词短语100例（2月第4周）+名校月考卷
解析版
一、真题熟词生义（背一背，悟一悟，轻松跨越词汇障碍）
21.field 熟义:n.田地 生义:n.领域
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 C) “...It's destroying the environment. It's them or us,” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
“……它正在破坏环境。要么是它们，要么是我们，该领域专家迈克尔 马西米说。
22.float 熟义:v.使漂浮，浮动 生义: vt.提出(建议或计划)
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 C)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead.
“我们向我妈妈提出了合租一套房子的建议，”凯瑟琳 怀特黑德说。
23.follow 热又:v.跟随 生义: vt.效仿
(2020 全国I卷 七选五)Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good- enough.
不要效仿那些让你感觉不够好的人。
24.frequent 熟义:adj.经常的 生义: vt.常去;常到(某处)
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 D)Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
鼓励读者使用图书馆。在你的社交媒体上分享图书馆的公告。当你可以的时候，常去并聊一聊图书馆。
25.freeze熟义:vi.冻结，结冰 生义: vi(因害怕)吓呆了
(2020 7月浙江卷 完形填空)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.
当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我吓呆了。
26.graduate 熟义:v.毕业 生义:vi.逐渐升级为
(2020 7月浙江卷 七选五)I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters.
我很快就从读典型的儿童读物升级为读插图少、章节多的书。
27.grab熟义:vt.抓住 生义:vt.(因忙碌而)匆忙地吃喝
(2020 新高考I卷 D)An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.
被研究人员雇用的一名演员先匆忙地吃下她的食物。
28. green 熟义:adj.绿色的 生义: adj.环保的
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 C)He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it.
他说，让人们相信海狸鼠的皮毛是环保的并不容易,但他对此毫不怀疑。
29.harvest熟义:n.收获 生义: vt.捕猎(动物、鱼等)
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 D)They made a living as divers, spear fishing or harvesting shellfish.
他们作为潜水者谋生，用鱼叉捕鱼或捕猎贝类。
30.history熟义:n.历史 生义:n.个人经历;履历
(2020 全国I卷 C)...people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.
……有此类伤病史的人在进行这项运动时可能要谨慎一些。
31.home 熟义:n.家，住宅 生义:n.发源地
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 A)Owned by the Hasell family since 1679,home to the International Marmalade Festival.
自1679年起就为Hasell家族所拥有，也是国际果酱节的发源地。
32.number 熟义:n.数字 生义:vi.总计;共计
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 D)The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines.
这些人被称为巴瑶人，在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾总计数十万。
33.original 熟义:adj.原来的 生义:n.原作，原稿
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 完形填空)The official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $SO million.
这位官员证实，这些画是真迹，价值高达5.000万美元。
34.picture 熟义:n.照片，图画 生义: vt.想象
(2020 7月浙江卷 A)To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.读者要想从阅读这些戏剧中获得最大的乐趣，就要试着去想象戏剧正在舞台上表演着，自己置身于观众席中的情景。
35.pound 熟义:n.英镑 生义:v.反复击打;连续猛击
(2020 全国I卷 C)However，race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
Norberg博士说，然而，竞走不像跑步那样对身体造成那么大的冲击。
36.print 熟义:vt.印刷;打印生义: vt.(在松软的表面上)压印
(2020 全国I卷 D)These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.
这些(植物)包括在叶子上印上传感器来显示缺水情况的植物，以及一种可以检测到地下水中有害化学物质的植物。
37.remember 熟义:vt.记得 生义:vt.纪念
(2020 新高考I卷 C)To remember a writer.为了纪念一位作家。
38.scene 熟义:n.地点;现场 生义: n.(尤指当众)争吵;吵闹
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 完形填空)...the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone's day.……事情发展成了一次不愉快的争吵，毁了大家一天的心情。
39.spring 熟义:n.春天 生义:v.跳;跃
(2020 新高考卷 写作)Suddenly， he sprang to his feet and cried,“I have a great idea!”
突然，他跳起来，喊道:“我有个好主意!”
40.strength熟义:n.力量;力气 生义: n.长处
(2020 全国I卷 七选五)Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections.
既然你已经列出了自己的优点，那就列出你的缺点吧。
41.story 熟义:n.故事 生义:n.新闻报道
(2020 全国Ⅲ卷 C)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.
像这样的新闻报道在世界上的一些地方更为常见，这些地方几世同堂生活在一起的想法根深蒂固。
42.style 熟义:n.风格;时尚;类型 生义: n.款式
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 C)Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.
在新奥尔良和布鲁克林不同寻常的时装秀上，海狸鼠的皮毛被制成了不同款式的衣服在橱窗中展示。
43.taste熟义:vt.品尝 生义:n.体验
(2020 新高考卷 C)...on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.当他在去布哈拉的路上被怀疑涉嫌贩毒时，他体验到了警察的办案方式。
44.translate 熟义:vt翻译 生义:vt.平移
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 B)“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
“那些玩拼图游戏的孩子比那些不玩拼图游戏的孩子在评估他们的旋转图形能力和平移图形能力的任务中表现得更好，”莱文在一份声明中说。
45.transport熟义:vt.运输 生义: vt.使身处他境
(2020 江苏卷 任务型阅读)Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles.
幽默也能使你从日常烦恼中解脱出来。
46.wild 熟义:adj.野生的,荒凉的 生义:n.荒地;自然环境
(2020 全国Ⅱ卷 C)Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.
海狸鼠是由阿根廷的皮毛养殖者带来的,并被放归野外。
47.wander 熟义:vi.闲逛 生义:vi.走神，开小差
(2020 新高考I卷 七选五) People’s attention wanders constantly.人们不时地开小差。
48.welcome 熟义:v.欢迎 生义:adj.令人愉快的
(2020 全国I卷 B)There's a welcome familiarity, but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship.
有一种令人愉快的亲近感--但有时也会让人产生一种轻微的怀疑，时间已经改变了你们二者，也改变了你们的关系。
二、高阶单词（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）
1. extensive a. 广泛的；巨大的
2. prized a. 珍贵的
3. assemble vt. 集合；装配
4. illustrate vt. 加插图；说明，阐明
5. activate vt. 激活；使参战
6. move n. 措施；一步棋，走棋
7. scheme n. 计划，方案
8. poverty n贫穷，贫困
9. criteria pl标准，准则，尺度
10. enclose vt. 围住；随信附上
11. restrictive a. 限制性的，约束性的
12. enrolment n. 登记；登记人数
13. ration vt. 定量供应，实行配给
14. experimentation n实验；尝试
15. prosperous a. 繁荣的，富足的
16. weave vt. 编，织
17. embrace vt拥抱；乐意采纳
18. attainment n. 获得；成就
19. justify vt作出解释，为……辩解
20. highlight vt. 突出，强调
21. conception n观念；构想
22. boundary n分界线，边界
23. novel a. 新颖的，珍奇的
24. pastime n娱乐，消遣
25. currently ad. 当前
26. imply vt暗指；意味着
27. respondent n答卷人，调查对象
28. strategy n. 策略，行动计划
29. perception n. 认识；感知
30. lean vi. 倾斜；倚靠
31. naive a. 天真的，幼稚的
32. favorably ad. 亲切地；好意地
33. narrow vt. 使缩小；使变窄
34. well-deserved a当之无愧的
35. flexibility n灵活性；弹性
36. pound n连续重击，猛打
37. cognitive a. 认识的，认知的
38. vigorous a. 充满活力的
39. inviting a. 诱人的；吸引人的
40. absurd a. 荒谬的
41. logical a. 符合逻辑的
42. invisible a. 看不见的；隐形的
43. stand n立场；货摊；看台
44. gesture vt. 打手势
45. sharp a. 锋利的；急转弯的；急剧的；尖刻的；敏锐的；辛辣的
46. catalog n. 目录；登记
47. scratch vt挠，抓；勾掉，划去
48. negotiation n. 协商；转让
49. reluctant a. 勉强的，不情愿的
50. tower v. 高出许多，屹立；胜过
三、高阶短语（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）
1. hold up 举起;支撑;耽搁
2. hold on to 牢牢抓住
3. hold back 阻挡;隐瞒
4. hold on 别挂断的话
5. add up to/amount to 加起来总共
6. set off 出发；引爆(炸弹)，触发(警报)；引发
7. if only 要是…该多好，但愿
8. only if 只要…才
9. check out 结账离开
10. chase after 追逐（梦想）
13. be addicted to doing做…上瘾
14. on behalf of 仅代表某人
15. so far; up to/till now; to date到目前为止
16. take up 占据(时空)；从事
17. pull out （车，船等）驶出
18. fit in with 融入；适应
19. shed light on 阐明;揭示
20. miss out on 错过
21. leap out of 跳出
22. face up to 勇敢地面对
23. wind up 结束，终止
24. roll down 摇下来
25. lay off 解雇；停止做某事
26. settle down 安定下来；定居
27. enter for 报名参加（比赛）
28. correspond to 相一致，符合
29. in the shape of 以……的形式
30. under one’s guidance在…指导下
31. think highly of高度赞扬
32. scare off 吓跑，阻止
33. wipe out 彻底摧毁
34. with ease 轻松地
35. feel at ease 感到自在的
36. lay a solid foundation for打下坚实的基础
37. mounting evidence 越来越多的证据
38. boost immune function 增强免疫功能
39. carve out time for jogging挤出时间慢跑
40. present sb with sth 赠送；介绍
41. in place 适当的位置，就位
42. in vain 徒劳无功
43. qualify for… 有资格参加
44. fall apart 失败；崩溃
45. pros and cons 利弊；优点和缺点
46. social engagement社会交往
47. be equal to 等于；胜任
48. it turns out that…结果是
49. fill gaps 弥补缺陷
50. make sense of 理解，弄懂
四、名校月考题（做一做，悟一悟，轻松跨越能力障碍）
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Make life as easy as possible with devices and gear designed to simplify your travels — whether that means charging on the go, neat organizers or lightweight storage for no-trouble quick trips.
LARQ Bottle Filter (过滤器)
This innovative drinking bottle with a low-pressure sucker is designed to filter water on the go wiping out pollutants such as chlorine (氯) for a refreshing taste. The filter will work on up to 151 litres of water before needing to be replaced — the equivalent (等同) of around 300 single-use plastic bottles. Available in 500ml ( 58) and 740ml ( 68) sizes.
Stubble & Co Adventure Bag
This 42-litre backpack has an easy-access clamshell (翻盖) design that opens to reveal zipped parts of various sizes, including a waterproof pocket for shoes. It also features a laptop sleeve, water bottle pocket and hidden parts for valuables. Available in black, olive, blue and orange. 195.
Shokz OpenFit
Shokz’s lightweight earphones sit on top of the ear canal, meaning they’re comfortable enough to wear for long periods. The 28-hour battery life ensures you won’t need to charge them on an overnight trip, though it’s easy enough to do so by plugging in the small, accompanying case. The Shokz App allows you to customize the controls, too. 179.
July Carry On Pro
For those who prefer not to carry luggage on their backs, this smart roller is the perfect overnighter. It has two separate internal parts, a waterproof polycarbonate (聚碳酸酯) hard shell and a zipped front part in which to store a laptop. The integrated, removable power bank allows travelers to charge devices on the go. 275.
1. What is special about LARQ Bottle Filter
A. It is of various sizes. B. It makes for health.
C. It is used to store water. D. It replaces 300 plastic bottles.
2. Which is suitable for listening to music
A. Shokz OpenFit. B. July Carry On Pro.
C LARQ Bottle Filter. D. Stubble & Co Adventure Bag.
3. What is the text
A. A travel diary. B. A life description.
C. A science instruction. D. A sales advertisement.
【答案】1. B2. A3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了适合简化旅行的四种轻便设备的用途、特点、款型和价格等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“This innovative drinking bottle with a low-pressure sucker is designed to filter water on the go, wiping out pollutants such as chlorine (氯) for a refreshing taste. (这款带有低压吸管的创新饮水瓶可以在旅途中过滤水，去除氯等污染物，使水的口感清爽)”可知，LARQ Bottle Filter可以在旅途中过滤水，使水的口感清爽，即它有利于健康。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Shokz’s lightweight earphones sit on top of the ear canal, meaning they’re comfortable enough to wear for long periods. (Shokz的轻便耳机可以放在耳道上方，这意味着它们足够舒适，可以长时间佩戴)”可知，Shokz轻巧的耳机可以放在耳道上方，长时间佩戴它们足够舒适，即它可用于听音乐。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再根据各个部分的小标题以及段尾的价格可推知，本文是一则广告。故选D项。
B
I have discovered that I have a second shadow these days as I go outside. This one, however, has four legs instead of two. It is my daughter’s adopted, black cat: Miss Alice. Every time I go out the door she is waiting on my front porch, meowing to be petted. Then she follows me down the hill to my car sometimes running in front so she can get in my way for even more petting. And when I finally return home she is there asking for attention again.
It wasn’t always this way. The very first time I saw Miss Alice she was hiding under my house just having had a family of kittens. When I looked under there I got an angry hiss (嘘声) from her, warning me I was in for a clawing if I got near her kittens. It took a lot of time, patience, kindness, love, and cat food from my daughter to tame her. At first she didn’t want to be touched at all. Then she would only allow an occasional petting. Now my daughter can pick her up and carry her up the road to her house like a little baby. It still makes me smile to see how my daughter’s loving, caring and sympathetic spirit tamed this wild cat and made her as lovable as the most affectionate dog.
I guess that is the power of love. It can heal a hurting heart. It can save a broken spirit. It can uplift a sunken soul. It can free you from fear. It can transform your life. It can even take a violent, wild cat and turn her into a puppy dog in a cat suit.
Embrace (拥抱) the love in your own life then. Welcome the love of your family and friends into your life. And let your own love flow through everything you think, everything you say, and everything you do.
4. What do we know about the cat from the first paragraph
A. It enjoys staying with the author. B. It tends to be in the author’s road.
C. It is often ignored by the daughter. D. It gets well along with the daughter.
5. What does the underlined word “tame” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A. Feed her up. B. Make her mild. C. Arrange for her. D. Dress her up.
6. What makes the author still smile
A. The lovely dog. B. The daughter’s love.
C. The cat’s babies. D. The harmonious family.
7. What message does the text convey
A. Where there is life, there is hope.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. Love is life in its fullness like the cup with its wine.
D. Do what you fear, and fear that nature will fade away.
【答案】4. A5. B6. B7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为夹叙夹议文。主要讲述作者的女儿花了很多时间、耐心、善良、爱才驯服了那只猫。这个故事告诉我们，爱可以征服一切。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Every time I go out the door she is waiting on my front porch, meowing to be petted. Then she follows me down the hill to my car sometimes running in front so she can get in my way for even more petting. And when I finally return home she is there asking for attention again.(每次我出门，她都在我的前廊等着，喵喵叫着让我抚摸。然后她跟着我下山，走到我的车前，有时跑在前面，这样她就可以挡住我的路，更多地抚摸我。当我终于回到家的时候，她又在那里请求我的关注)”可知，这只猫很享受与作者相处的时间。故选A。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“When I looked under there I got an angry hiss (嘘声) from her, warning me I was in for a clawing if I got near her kittens.(当我往下面看的时候，她发出了一声愤怒的嘘声，警告我，如果我靠近她的小猫，我就会被抓)”以及后文“At first she didn’t want to be touched at all. Then she would only allow an occasional petting. Now my daughter can pick her up and carry her up the road to her house like a little baby. It still makes me smile to see how my daughter’s loving, caring and sympathetic spirit tamed this wild cat and made her as lovable as the most affectionate dog.(起初，她根本不想被碰。然后她只允许偶尔抚摸一下。现在我女儿可以把她抱起来，像抱小宝宝一样把她抱回家了。看到女儿充满爱心、关怀和同情的精神驯服了这只野猫，让她像最深情的狗一样可爱，我仍然会微笑)”可知，这几句话主要讲述了作者的女儿驯服那只猫的过
程。故划线词意思是“使她变得温和”。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It still makes me smile to see how my daughter’s loving, caring and sympathetic spirit tamed this wild cat and made her as lovable as the most affectionate dog.(看到女儿充满爱心、关怀和同情心的精神驯服了这只野猫，让她像最深情的狗一样可爱，这依旧能让我微笑)”可知，正是女儿的爱心，依旧能使作者微笑。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I guess that is the power of love. It can heal a hurting heart. It can save a broken spirit. It can uplift a sunken soul. It can free you from fear. It can transform your life. It can even take a violent, wild cat and turn her into a puppy dog in a cat suit.(我想这就是爱的力量。它可以治愈一颗受伤的心。它可以拯救一个破碎的灵魂。它能使沉沦的灵魂振作起来。它能让你摆脱恐惧。它可以改变你的生活。它甚至可以把一只暴力的野猫变成一只披着猫皮的小狗)”结合本文主要讲述作者的女儿花了很多时间，用耐心、善良、爱和猫粮才驯服了那只猫。这个故事告诉我们，爱可以征服一切。C项“爱就是充实了的生命，正如盛满了酒的酒杯”符合题意。故选C。
C
In the Seychelles archipelago (塞舌尔群岛) in East Africa, flooding and erosion (侵蚀) caused by rising sea level pose an incoming threat to the country’s many low-lying islands. At the same time its mangrove forests (红树林), which serve as a vital aspect against these impacts, are disappearing: Approximately 70% of Seychelles mangroves have been destroyed since the late 1700s due to human-driven development and agriculture as well as soil erosion from sea-level rise.
Today the Seychelles Government is working with local community leaders to restore the mangroves, and not just for protection against rising sealevel. Research shows that these forests can store about 2.5 million tonnes of CO2 (equal to taking 500,000 cars off the road for a year), directly helping to fight climate change. They also provide a breeding ground for fisheries, a sector that contributes one-fifth of the country’s GDP, benefiting local communities’ livelihood and helping to protect the islands’ lively biodiversity (多样性).
While the concept of using nature to benefit both lives and lands is by no means new, global interest in “nature-based solutions” has skyrocketed in recent years. Many now see nature-based solutions as a key approach for addressing not only climate change but a range of social, environmental and economic challenges—from biodiversity loss, food security and air pollution to disease control and declining local economies.
Yet there remains widespread debate about what exactly constitutes a nature-based solution as well as how to best include these strategies into broader climate and conservation efforts. This indetermination has contributed to
significant under-investment: It’s estimated that to limit temperature rise to below 1.5 degrees C (degrees F), hold back biodiversity loss and control land degradation (恶化), annual investments in nature-based approaches must be three times by 2030.
As nature-based solutions continue to rise on the global agenda, building a more consistent understanding around the concept and its implications will be key to raising support for effective, extensive solutions that benefit both people and the planet.
8. What do the first two paragraphs focus on
A. The diversity of economy in East African.
B. The environmental protection in East Africa.
C. The disappearance of mangroves in East Africa.
D. The operation of nature-based solutions in East Africa.
9. Which of the following words can best describe nature-based solutions
A. Novel. B. Effective. C. Ruinous. D. Uncertain.
10. What is the aim of the nature-based solutions in 2030
A. 500,000 cars are taken off the road.
B. Yearly investment increases by double.
C. The temperature rise is limited to below 2.7℃.
D. A conference on nature-based solutions is held.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. What Exactly Are Nature-based Solutions
B. Why Are Nature-based Solutions on the Rise
C. How Can Nature-based Solutions Help Fight Climate Change
D. What Are the Potential Weaknesses of Nature-based Solutions
【答案】8. D9. D10. B11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要阐述全球对“基于自然的解决方案”的兴趣急剧上升的原因以及对此相关的争论。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“In the Seychelles archipelago (塞舌尔群岛) in East Africa, flooding and erosion (侵蚀) caused by rising sea level pose an incoming threat to the country’s many low-lying islands. At the same time its mangrove forests (红树林), which serve as a vital aspect against these impacts, are disappearing(在东
非的塞舌尔群岛，海平面上升引起的洪水和侵蚀(侵蚀)对该国许多低洼岛屿构成了即将到来的威胁。与此同时，作为抵御这些影响的重要方面的红树林正在消失)”和第二段的“Today the Seychelles Government is working with local community leaders to restore the mangroves, and not just for protection against rising sealevel.(今天，塞舌尔政府正在与当地社区领导人合作，恢复红树林，而不仅仅是为了防止海平面上升)”可知，第一、二段主要告诉我们，东非的塞舌尔群岛的红树林正在消失，当今，塞舌尔政府正在与当地社区领导人合作，恢复红树林，即这两段主要阐述东非塞舌尔群岛正在基于自然实施解决方案。故选 D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Yet there remains widespread debate about what exactly constitutes a nature-based solution as well as how to best include these strategies into broader climate and conservation efforts.(然而，关于什么是基于自然的解决方案，以及如何最好地将这些策略纳入更广泛的气候和保护工作，仍然存在广泛的争论)”以及第二句中的关键词“indetermination(不确定性)”可知，关于什么是“基于自然的解决方案”，以及如何最好地将这些策略纳入更广泛的气候和环保工作当中，仍然存在广泛的争论，即“基于自然的解决方案”目前具有不确定性。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“annual investments in nature-based approaches must be three times by 2030.(到2030年，对基于自然的方法的年度投资必须增加三倍)”可知，到2030年基于自然的解决方案的目标是年度投资必须增加两倍。故选 B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第三段的“While the concept of using nature to benefit both lives and lands is by no means new, global interest in “nature-based solutions” has skyrocketed in recent years. Many now see nature-based solutions as a key approach for addressing not only climate change but a range of social, environmental and economic challenges—from biodiversity loss, food security and air pollution to disease control and declining local economies.(虽然利用自然造福生命和土地的概念并不新鲜，但近年来，全球对“基于自然的解决方案”的兴趣急剧上升。许多人现在认为，基于自然的解决方案不仅是应对气候变化的关键途径，也是应对一系列社会、环境和经济挑战的关键途径——从生物多样性丧失、粮食安全和空气污染，到疾病控制和地方经济衰。)”并结合第一和第二段的举例可知，本文主要阐述了全球对“基于自然的解决方案”的兴趣为什么急剧上升。因此B项“为什么基于自然的解决方案在增加”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
D
Neuroengineer Silvestro Micera develops advanced technological solutions to help people regain sensory and motor functions that have been lost due to injury events or neurological disorders. Until now, he has never before worked on strengthening the human body and cognition with the help of technology.
Now in a study published in Science Robotics, Micera and his team report on how diaphragm (隔膜) movement can be monitored for successful control of an extra arm, essentially augmenting a healthy individual with a third-robotic-arm.
For further exploration, the researchers first built a virtual environment to test a healthy user’s capacity to control a virtual arm using movement of his or her diaphragm. They found that diaphragm control does not interfere with actions like controlling one’s physiological (生理 ) arms, one’s speech or gaze.
In this virtual reality setup, the user is equipped with a belt that measures diaphragm movement. Wearing a virtual reality headset, the user sees three arms: the right arm and hand, the left arm and hand, and a third arm between the two with a symmetric (对称), six-fingered hand.
In the virtual environment, the user is then hinted to reach out with either the left hand, the right hand, or in the middle with the symmetric hand. In the real environment, the user holds onto an exoskeleton (外骨骼) with both arms, which allows for control of the virtual left and right arms. Movement detected by the belt around the diaphragm is used for controlling the virtual middle, symmetric arm. The setup was tested on 61 healthy subjects (受试者) in over 150 sessions.
Previous studies regarding the control of robotic arms have been focused on helping the disabled. The latest Science Robotics study is a step beyond repairing the human body towards augmentation. “Our next step is to explore the use of more complex robotic devices using our various control strategies, to perform real-life tasks, both inside and outside of the laboratory. Only then will we be able to grasp the real potential of this approach,” concludes Micera.
12. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To show an evidence.
C. To summarize the general idea.
D. To offer some background.
13. What are the fourth and fifth paragraphs probably about
A. A virtual reality game.
B. A new medical device.
C. A new treatment method.
D. An experiment on animals.
14. How does the author support the theme of the text
A. By listing some related data.
B. By offering some examples.
C. By making some comparisons.
D. By describing research processes.
15. What is probably continued with the text
A. How to expand controllable robotic devices.
B. Where to find new and exciting opportunities.
C. How to further develop the robot market potential.
D. Why to balance inside and outside of the laboratory.
【答案】12. C13. B14. D15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，隔膜运动可以成功控制额外的手臂，即可以用第三只机械手臂来增强个体健康。本文介绍了该研究的过程、结论和未来走向等。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Now in a study published in Science Robotics, Micera and his team report on how diaphragm (隔膜) movement can be monitored for successful control of an extra arm, essentially augmenting a healthy individual with a third-robotic-arm.(现在，在《科学机器人》杂志上发表的一项研究中，Micera和他的团队报告了如何通过监测隔膜运动来成功控制额外的手臂，实质上是用第三只机器手臂来增强健康的个体)”可知，本段总结Micera和他的团队的研究成果，即利用隔膜运动可以成功控制一只额外的手臂，故本段起概括全文大意的作用。故选C项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“In this virtual reality setup, the user is equipped with a belt that measures diaphragm movement. Wearing a virtual reality headset, the user sees three arms: the right arm and hand, the left arm and hand, and a third arm between the two with a symmetric (对称), six-fingered hand.(在这个虚拟现实设置中，用户配备了测量隔膜运动的皮带。戴上虚拟现实耳机，用户可以看到三只手臂：右臂和右手，左臂和左手，以及介于两者之间的第三只手臂，它有一只对称的六指手)”以及第五段“In the virtual environment, the user is then hinted to reach out with either the left hand, the right hand, or in the middle with the symmetric hand. In the real environment, the user holds onto an exoskeleton (外骨骼) with both arms, which allows for control of the virtual left and right arms. Movement detected by the belt around the diaphragm is used for controlling the virtual middle, symmetric arm. The setup was tested on 61 healthy subjects (受试者) in over 150 sessions.(在虚拟环境中，然后提示用户伸出左手，右手或中间的对称手。在真实环境中，用户用双臂抓住外骨骼，这样就可以控制虚拟的左右手臂。由围绕隔膜的皮带检测到的运动用于控制虚拟中间，对称手臂。该装置在61名健康受试者身上进行了150多次测试)”可知，第四和第五段大概是关于一种新的医疗设备。
故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“For further exploration, the researchers first built a virtual environment to test a healthy user’s capacity to control a virtual arm using movement of his or her diaphragm. They found that diaphragm control does not interfere with actions like controlling one’s physiological (生理的) arms, one’s speech or gaze.(为了进一步探索，研究人员首先建立了一个虚拟环境来测试健康用户通过移动隔膜来控制虚拟手臂的能力。他们发现，控制横膈膜不会干扰控制生理手臂、说话或凝视等行为)”；第四段“In this virtual reality setup, the user is equipped with a belt that measures diaphragm movement. Wearing a virtual reality headset, the user sees three arms: the right arm and hand, the left arm and hand, and a third arm between the two with a symmetric (对称), six-fingered hand.(在这个虚拟现实设置中，用户配备了测量隔膜运动的皮带。戴上虚拟现实耳机，用户可以看到三只手臂：右臂和右手，左臂和左手，以及介于两者之间的第三只手臂，它有一只对称的六指手)”以及第五段“In the virtual environment, the user is then hinted to reach out with either the left hand, the right hand, or in the middle with the symmetric hand. In the real environment, the user holds onto an exoskeleton (外骨骼) with both arms, which allows for control of the virtual left and right arms. Movement detected by the belt around the diaphragm is used for controlling the virtual middle, symmetric arm. The setup was tested on 61 healthy subjects (受试者) in over 150 sessions.(在虚拟环境中，然后提示用户伸出左手，右手或中间的对称手。在真实环境中，用户用双臂抓住外骨骼，这样就可以控制虚拟的左右手臂。由围绕隔膜的皮带检测到的运动用于控制虚拟中间，对称手臂。该装置在61名健康受试者身上进行了150多次测试)”可推知，作者采用详细描述相关研究过程的手法来论证本文的中心。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our next step is to explore the use of more complex robotic devices using our various control strategies, to perform real-life tasks, both inside and outside of the laboratory.(我们的下一步是探索使用更复杂的机械设备，使用我们的各种控制策略，在实验室内外执行现实生活中的任务)”可知，本文将继续阐述如何拓展可控性机械设备的研究。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Autonomy-supportive parenting is an approach that focuses on building a child’s sense of agency in the world as well as a strong sense of self. ____16____ We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults. Therefore, instead of pushing adults’ way of thinking on children, adults should let kids do their own critical thinking and solve problems themselves, which will help them trust their abilities.
Guide kids to find their own solution
As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently. ____17____ While one child may find it easy to start their homework independently, the other might not be a self-starter. So we push our kids to the next level by knowing their skill level and meeting them there.
Let kids find their own fun
____18____ It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times. That’s a huge burden on us! Letting children find their own thing to do when boredom strikes allows them to become self-sufficient and use their imagination to find fun on their own.
Being sympathetic doesn’t mean giving in
Another characteristic of autonomy-supportive parenting is being open, curious, and flexible. Trusting children to be accountable to themselves (or acting like it) is the only way you will know if your child will be a responsible, independent adult. For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds. ____19____
Don’t forget to support yourself
Once you grasp autonomy-supportive parenting, you’ll see opportunities to put it into practice. No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy. ____20____ If you get hard on yourself because you’re not measuring up, you’re more likely to return to the controlling practices.
A. It may work.
B. Our kids don’t know how to manage boredom.
C. That can mean we have to support them in different ways.
D. So forgive yourself if things don’t go right on a particular day.
E. And they may not know yet, but it’s good for them to think about it.
F. Some days are just going to be more autonomy-supportive than others.
G. It’s trying to understand children’s experience of what’s going on right now.
【答案】16. G17. C18. B19. A20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍使用自主支持型养育方法时需要注意的四个方面。
【16题详解】
根据下文“We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults.”（我们应该认识到，儿童的观点和经历与成人不同。）可知，空处承接下文说的是要理解孩子。故G选项“图理解孩子们对正在发生的事情的体验”切题。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently.”（任何有不止一个孩子的父母都会告诉你，孩子们的发展是不同的）可知，空处与上文为因果关系。故C选项“这可能意味着我们必须以不同的方式支持他们”切题，说明了家长应该怎么做。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times.”（这对孩子来说是一种伤害，而且需要父母随时成为他们的巡航指挥）可知，孩子们不知道如何应对无聊，所以带来了伤害。故B选项“我们的孩子不知道如何应对无聊”切题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds.”（如果你问你的孩子什么时候是做家庭作业的最佳时间，并且他们告诉你是在早上上学前，那你就支持他们，让他们试一试，无论这听起来多么奇怪）可知，空处说明产生的效果。故A选项“这可能会奏效”切题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据“Don’t forget to support yourself”（别忘了支持自己）以及“No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy.”（管你的孩子多大，采用这种方式并不容易）可知，如果某一天事情不顺利，请原谅自己。故D选项“如果某一天事情不顺利，请原谅自己”切题。故选D项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team. The ____21____ allows the members on the team to establish teamwork, adjust its work processes, and ____22____ a communication channel to the rest of the organization.
I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like. Here is their story on what they do to ____23____ as a team.
This team ____24____ eighteen members that worked in a manufacturing facility in Texas. Their working ____25____ were not the best. During the night when I ____26____ them they were performing a hot and dirty job and ____27____ that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am. Their ____28____ was not the best and the products they were making had a terrible ____29____, which most people can’t stand.
The reason why I know this information is that when you have the opportunity to see how a team really works, you want to _____30_____ their secrets. So I was looking for answers.
As I stayed and communicated with the team members to find out how they worked together, they described to me their requirements for team development.
They said, “Each member has a good time, and we are in tune (协调)with each other, and we have a great _____31_____ of team spirit, believe in our _____32_____, and run the operation without a formal leader in the middle of things. We have a ‘shared’ philosophy.”
Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company. They were described as “_____33_____” compared to other 156 teams. They were motivated by the positive attention, and the _____34_____ that went along with being the best.
It is clear that this team developed to compete for the goal instead of against each other. This team has stayed _____35_____ and self-directed because of being allowed to become more than their “individual selves”.
21. A. leader B. learner C. waiter D. customer
22. A. defend against B. look into C. leave out D. serve as
23. A. set out B. stand out C. work out D. run out
24. A. accounts for B. concentrates on C. consists of D. cares about
25. A. conditions B. habits C. states D. attitudes
26. A. bothered B. reminded C. trained D. observed
27. A. far from B. in return for C. apart from D. in case of
28. A. pay B. mood C. diet D. rent
29. A. delivery B. smell C. quality D. shape
30. A. compare B. uncover C. adjust D. keep
31. A. taste B. bite C. review D. sense
32. A. limitation B. prejudice C. purpose D. complaint
33. A. special B. normal C. hesitant D. ridiculous
34. A. pity B. security C. pride D. tense
35. A. self-centered B. self-employed C. self-funded D. self-driven
【答案】21. A22. D23. B24. C25. A26. D27. C28. A29. B30. B31. D32. C33. A34. C35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述一个具体团队的运作方式和他们的成功经历，展示了有效团队的特点和价值，详细叙述了作者与团队成员的交流，以及团队成员对于团队发展和运作的见解，从而揭示
了团队成功的秘诀。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作，调整其工作流程，并作为与组织其他成员的沟通渠道。A. leader领导者；B. learner学习者；C. waiter侍者；D. customer顾客。根据上文“The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team.”以及空后的“allows the members on the team to establish teamwork”可推测，空处指的是领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作，调整其工作流程，并作为与组织其他成员的沟通渠道。A. defend against为……申辩；B. look into调查；C. leave out省去、不考虑；D. serve as担任。根据空后的“a communication channel”可知，这是领导者应该担当的角色。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：以下是他们作为团队脱颖而出的故事。A. set out出发、开始；B. stand out脱颖而出；C. work out锻炼、计算出、解决；D. run out用尽、耗尽。根据上文“I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like.”可知，这支团队非常成功，由此可知，空处指的是脱颖而出。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个小组由18名成员组成，他们在位于德克萨斯州的一家制造工厂工作。A. accounts for占据、是……的原因；B. concentrates on集中注意力于……；C. consists of由……组成；D. cares about关心。根据空后的“eighteen members”以及句意可知，空处指的是“由……组成”，符合句意。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的工作条件不是最好的。A. conditions条件、情况；B. habits习惯；C. states状态、州；D. attitudes态度。根据下文“During the night when I ____6____ them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and ____7____ that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am.”可知，他们的工作条件并不是很好。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我观察他们的晚上，他们正在从事一项又热又脏的工作，除此之外，他们从晚上12点工作到早上8点。A. bothered烦扰；B. reminded提醒；C. trained培训；D. observed观察、庆祝。根据上文“I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like.”可知，作者亲自跟进了这个成功的团队，由此可知，作者是在观察他们的工作。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：在我观察他们的晚上，他们正在从事一项又热又脏的工作，除此之外，他们从晚上12点工作到早上8点。A. far from远离、一点也不；B. in return for作为……的回报；C. apart from除了；D. in case of以防……。根据空前“they were performing a hot and dirty job”以及空后“they worked from 12 pm to 8 am.”可知，空前空后都是描述了他们工作的情况。由此可推测，空处指的是“除……以外”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的薪酬也并非优厚，而且他们所制造的产品有一种大多数人无法忍受的难闻气味。A. pay薪资；B. mood情绪；C. diet规律饮食；D. rent租金。根据下文“the products they were making had a terrible ____9____, which most people can’t stand.”以及上文所说的工作条件差可推测，这个团队的薪酬也并不是最好的。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的薪酬也并非优厚，而且他们所制造的产品有一种大多数人无法忍受的难闻气味。A. delivery递送；B. smell气味；C. quality质量；D. shape形状。根据下文“which most people can’t stand.”可推测，这些产品还会发出难闻的气味。选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我之所以知道这些信息，是因为当你有机会亲眼看到一个团队是如何真正运作时，你会想要揭示他们的秘密。A. compare比较；B. uncover揭开；C. adjust调整、适应；D. keep维持。根据下文“So I was looking for answers.”可知，作者想要揭开该团队成功的秘密。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说：“每个成员都玩得很开心，我们彼此都很协调，我们有很强的团队精神，相信我们的目标，在没有正式领导的情况下进行运营。我们有着‘共享’的理念。”A. taste味觉、品味；B. bite一口；C. review复习、回顾；D. sense感觉。根据上文“we are in tune (协调)with each other”可知，团队每个人都很协调，由此可知该团队拥有团队精神。sense of team spirit意思为：团队精神。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说：“每个成员都玩得很开心，我们彼此都很协调，我们有很强的团队精神，相信我们的目标，在没有正式领导的情况下进行运营。我们有着‘共享’的理念。”A. limitation限制；B. prejudice偏见；C. purpose目标；D. complaint抱怨。根据上下文内容可知，该团队成功的原因是拥有目标，所以有自驱力，不需要正式的领导也可以进行运营。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：与其他156支团队相比，他们被形容为“特别”。A. special特别的；B. normal正常的；C. hesitant迟疑的；D. ridiculous荒谬的。根据上文“Their hard work and effort paid off as they became
known as “the stars” of the company.”可知，他们团队和其他156支队伍并不相同，因此他们是特别的。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们因受到积极的关注和成为最好的团队而产生的自豪感而备受鼓舞。A. pity同情、怜悯；B. security安全性；C. pride自豪；D. tense紧张。根据空后的“that went along with being the best”以及常理可知，成为最好的团队会产生一种自豪感。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个团队之所以能够保持自我驱动和自我指导，是因为他们被允许超越自己的“个体自我”。A. self-centered以自我为中心的；B. self-employed自己经营的；C. self-funded自筹资金的；D. self-driven自励的。根据文章第一段“The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team.”以及空后“self-directed”可推测，空处指的是能够自我管理，自我驱动。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Oct 2, 2023, the fourth day of the Mid-Autumn Festival and the National Day holiday, a rural coffee shop in ____36____ eastern province of Zhejiang sold more than 7,100 cups of the drink. It broke ____37____ (it) own record of selling more than 5,100 cups during the Labor Day holiday in May.
The Dark Blue X Cafe in Hongmiao village, Meixi town, Anji county, was built on the grounds of an ____38____ (abandon) mine that ____39____ (be) idle (闲置的) for more than 10 years. The scenery attracts tourists from nearby cities such as Shanghai, Hangzhou, Zhejiang’s capital, and Huzhou, also in Zhejiang.
Described by netizens as an “Iceland-like site in Anji”, the heart-shaped mine shaft (矿井) is 108 meters deep and filled with rainwater, which reflects the deep blue sky.
There are more than 300 coffee shops in Anji a mountainous county ____40____ a population of about 580,000 in the north of the province, surpassing Shanghai in terms of per capita cafes. The county was declared by Lonely Planet magazine as “China’s City of Coffee in 2022.”
Local authorities spent a long time planning the transformation of the mine into a new business opportunity. For example, Shen Yongtian, secretary of the local Party branch, made a fact-finding visit to Shanghai’s Zhujiajiao Water Town, ____41____ the camping industry was growing rapidly.
According to Shen, early last year, a group of college students proposed building a cafe in ____42____ (cooperate) with the village. Their diligent research and innovative plan set them apart from all other competitors. “Their detailed proposal was rather ____43____ (persuasion) and convincing,” Shen said.
____44____ (promote) rural vitalization (振兴)further, villages in Anji have widely adopted a model called
“Two investments and three returns”, in which residents and the village _____45_____ (collective) invest capital and resources, and in return they earn rent, wages and dividends(分红)from operations managed by cooperating companies or entrepreneurial teams.
【答案】36. the37. its38. abandoned39. had been40. with41. where42. cooperation43. persuasive44. To promote45. Collectively
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了浙江省安吉县洪庙村一家由废弃矿井改造而成的乡村咖啡馆在国庆假期期间的销售记录，以及安吉县作为“中国咖啡之城”的发展情况和乡村振兴的举措。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2023年10月2日，也就是中秋节和国庆假期的第四天，东部省份浙江的一家乡村咖啡店卖出了7100多杯咖啡。修饰名词“province”，表示特指，用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：它打破了自己在今年5月劳动节期间卖出5100多杯咖啡的纪录。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词性物主代词修饰空后的“record”。故填its。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：安吉县梅溪镇红庙村的深蓝X咖啡馆，建在一个闲置了10多年的废弃矿山的基础上。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当前置定语，修饰空后的名词“mine”，意为“废弃的”。故填abandoned。
【39题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：安吉县梅溪镇红庙村的深蓝X咖啡馆，建在一个闲置了10多年的废弃矿山的基础上。这里为定语从句的谓语动词，根据句意及for more than 10 years可知，“矿山闲置”发生在“建造咖啡馆”之前，从句时态为过去完成时。故填had been。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：安吉是一个多山的县，位于安徽省北部，人口约为58万，这里有300多家咖啡店，人均咖啡馆数量超过了上海。固定短语：with a population of，意为“拥有……人口”，符合句意。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：例如，当地党支部书记Shen Yongtian对上海的朱家角水乡进行了实地考察，那里的露营业发展迅速。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Shanghai’s Zhujiajiao Water Town”，在非限制性定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：据Shen说，去年年初，一群大学生提议与该村合作建一家咖啡馆。固定短语：in cooperation
with，意为“与……合作”，名词作宾语，符合句意。故填cooperation。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Shen说，“他们的详细提案相当有说服力。”分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式担当表语，和空后的“convincing”保持一致，表示“有说服力的”。故填persuasive。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了进一步推进乡村振兴，安吉村广泛采用“两投三酬”模式，即居民和村庄共同投入资金和资源，通过合作公司或创业团队经营，获得租金、工资和分红。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填To promote。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：为了进一步推进乡村振兴，安吉村广泛采用“两投三酬”模式，即居民和村庄共同投入资金和资源，通过合作公司或创业团队经营，获得租金、工资和分红。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式修饰动词。故填collectively。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，正在英国某高中上学。从你校网站上获悉你校将举办运动会并在招聘相关记者。你打算给相关人员发一封电子邮件应聘，内容包括：
1. 发邮件的原因；
2. 你的能力和特点；
3. 盼望得到肯定的答复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua. I am writing to apply for the position of a journalist for the school sports meet.
I am passionate about sports and possess excellent writing and communication skills. As a responsible and reliable individual, I can accurately report on sports events and capture the wonderful moments. I also have some experience in multitasking and working under pressure, which will enable me to handle the job effectively. Please consider my application and I would be delighted to discuss my qualifications further.
Thank you for your time and consideration. I am looking forward to your positive response.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的应聘信。要求考生写一封电子邮件，向校网站应聘在校运动会上担当记者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
拥有：possess→ be possessed of
处理：handle → deal with
考虑：consider → take…into consideration
高兴的：delighted→ happy/pleased
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing to apply for the position of a journalist for the school sports meet.
拓展句：The reason for my writing is that I want to apply for the position of a journalist for the school sports meet.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I also have some experience in multitasking and working under pressure, which will enable me to handle the job effectively.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】 I am writing to apply for the position of a journalist for the school sports meet.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am an outdoor lover and I’ve made it a routine to explore different regions annually with a friend during our vacation. This year, in addition to beauty of nature, I’ve experienced something more.
It was late afternoon. A few hours before sunset, Darcy and I decided to hike to Acomat Falls, hidden in the rainforest.
Expecting to spend no more than an hour at the falls, we wore T-shirts and swimsuits and hadn’t told anyone where we were going. After crossing the wide river at a shallow spot and walking upstream about 100 yards, we reached the falls at around 4 pm. We dived into the green pool and floated on our backs, amazed at the canyon(峡谷) walls.
By 4:30, Darcy reminded me that we needed to head back to the car before dark, but I was waist-deep in the river trying to photograph the falls, the hanging vines(葡萄藤), and the dreaminess of the place. Darcy had to wait on a stone. I finally took a good photo—and then she screamed.
With a crack like thunder, a violent wall of water rushed over the falls, turning the dreamy swimming pool into a churning(旋涡的) monster. Flash flood! I jumped out of the river seconds before the flood crashed over the spot where I’d just been standing. Darcy climbed barefoot off toward higher ground. Darcy and I climbed up the canyon on all fours, grabbing vines to pull ourselves up. I looked over my shoulder and saw that the water had risen 20 feet in less than a minute.
Darcy led us through the dense bush, prickly trees, and ankle-deep mud. After we’d climbed 200 feet, we stopped to catch our breath. Now we had a different problem: The road was on the other side of the swollen river. We were stuck in the forested mountain.
We had no rain jackets and were exhausted from the climb. Darcy asked if I had my phone. It was soaking wet, but still blinked on. No service. We decided to move toward higher ground to get a better signal. It was almost dark. For a moment, I got through, and I heard the faint voice of Grace, our rental host. She said she’d call for help. Then the phone went silent—no signal again.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
It seemed that we were in a desperate situation.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Trapped there, we wondered whether and how rescuers could find us.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
It seemed that we were in a desperate situation. Guilt came crowding in, and I felt I was to blame for this. With my head lowered, I murmured, “Sorry, it was my fault.” Darcy was busy finding a shelter for us. Hearing this, she turned around and threw her arms around me, “Don’t be silly. I’m counting on your ‘smart’ phone to save me.” With a smile, I collected myself and assisted Darcy in finding a hiding place. Never before had I been so thankful for having Darcy as my travelling companion. To stay alert during the night, Darcy suggested looking through photos I had taken and sure enough, I dialed Grace’s phone number again and again.
Trapped there, we wondered whether and how rescuers could find us. Eventually, we saw faint lights across the canyon. My heart nearly burst out of my body, and we felt like the angel coming. It must be the rescuers’ light! I rose to my feet and made all my efforts to wave and scream. But it seemed useless. Suddenly, it occurred to me that I could turn on the flashlight of the cellphone as a signal. It worked! The rescuers responded to us by flashing the lights. At that moment, Darcy and I gave each other a heartfelt smile. I knew the real angel was standing by my side!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与好友Darcy在一次户外探险中意外遭遇洪水，并在绝望中通过智慧和勇气最终获得救援的经历。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们似乎处于绝望的境地。”以及第二段首句内容“我们被困在那里，不知道救援人员能否以及如何找到我们。”可知，第一段可描写作者的内心非常愧疚，觉得是自己造成了这一切。
②由第二段首句内容“我们被困在那里，不知道救援人员能否以及如何找到我们。”可知，第二段可描写作者和Darcy成功获救。
2.续写线索：作者是一个户外运动爱好者，每年都会探索不同的地区——一天，作者和好友Darcy一起徒步前往一个瀑布——她们并未告知任何人就出发了——作者和Darcy欣赏了宏伟的瀑布，作者也拍到了想拍的照片——然而，突然洪水爆发了，作者和Darcy被困在了山上——作者和Darcy前往较高的地方，手机也有了微弱的信号——作者向房东拨出了求救电话，手机又再次失去了信号——作者很愧疚，Darcy则安慰作者——救援人员终于找到了两人，两人也成功获救
3.词汇激活
行为类
①忙于做某事：be busy doing/be engaged in
②指望：count on/depend on
③建议：suggest/advise
情绪类
①感激的：thankful/grateful
②衷心的：heartfelt/sincere
【点睛】【高分句型1】Suddenly, it occurred to me that I could turn on the flashlight of the cellphone as a signal.（运用了that引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】I knew the real angel was standing by my side!（运用了省略引导词的宾语从句）

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