Unit 4 Listening and Speaking习题检测
基础知识自测
一、语法填空
1．His (intelligent) is comparatively favourable with that of his brother.
【答案】intelligence
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的智力相比他哥哥的要高。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，intelligent的名词为intelligence意为“智力”，且为不可数名词。故填intelligence。
2．I was exhausted, both physically and (mental).
【答案】mentally
【详解】考查副词。句意：我身心俱疲。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语，且与physically 并列，mental的副词形式为mentally意为“精神上，思想上”，符合句意。故填mentally。
3．He graduated physics from CambridgeUniversity.
【答案】in
【详解】考查介词。句意：他是剑桥大学物理专业毕业的。graduate in +专业+ from+学校，为固定用法。故填in。
4．After failing the examination, he determined (work) hard and catch up with others.
【答案】to work　
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：考试不及格后，他决定努力学习，赶上别人。句中determine to do sth.意为“决定去做某事”。故填to work。
5．How do (astronaut) do exercise in the space
【答案】astronauts
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：宇航员如何在太空中锻炼？astronaut宇航员，可数名词，由助动词do可知此处应用复数形式作主语。故填astronauts。
二、单词拼写
6．We practise earthquake safety (程序，步骤) twice a year, so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.
【答案】procedures
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们每年练习两次地震安全规程演练，所以孩子们在地震时足够冷静来保护自己。根据汉语提示“程序，步骤”可知，此处应填写名词procedure，作宾语，procedure“程序，步骤”在句中为可数名词，表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填procedures。
7．The tiny (火箭) is attached to the spaceship.
【答案】rocket
【详解】考查名词。句意：微型火箭附在宇宙飞船上。根据汉语提示可知，rocket火箭，可数名词，由is可知应用名词单数作主语。故填rocket。
8．Keeping your (肌肉) strong and it helps you to avoid back problems.
【答案】muscles
【详解】考查名词。句意：保持你的肌肉强壮，这可以帮助你避免背部问题。根据汉语提示可知，muscle肌肉，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，在句中作宾语。故填muscles。
9．She (发信号) us that everything was all right .
【答案】signaled
【详解】考查时态。句意：她发信号给我们，说一切都好。根据后文的was，可知用一般过去时态，故填signaled。
10．Your (渴求) for success leaves a deep impression on me.
【答案】desire
【详解】考查名词。句意：你对成功的渴望给我留下了深刻的印象。形容词性物主代词your后接名词形式，在句中作主语。结合中文提示和句意，故填desire。
学科素养提升
三、阅读理解
A
It is a small step for a plant, and a giant leap for plant kind. A sprouting (发芽) cotton seed on China’s Chang’e-4 lunar lander is the first plant ever to grow in another world, indicating a new era for life in space.
Seeds, including cotton, arabidopsis (拟南芥), oilseed rape (油菜) and potato were carried to the Moon as a part of biological experiment, along with fruit fly eggs and some yeasts (酵母).
Pictures sent back by the probe show the cotton seeds sprouting on January 7, 2019, a few days after Chang’e-4 landed on the far side of the Moon.
The organisms (生物) are in a sealed can, protected from the extreme temperatures and radiation on the surface. “Understanding how to grow plants in space will help lay the foundation for human settlement on the Moon,” a scientist leading the experiment told the South China Morning Post.
The six organisms are intended to form a mini-ecosystem, with the plants making oxygen and food to sustain the fruit flies. Yeasts could process the flies’ waste and dead plants to provide another food source.
In a future human settlement, potatoes could provide food, rapeseed could be a source of oil and cotton could be used for clothing. A study in 2014 reported that plants could sprout and grow in lunar soil for 50 days without any additional nutrients (营养物). Over longer periods, human waste could help support plants’ nutritional needs.
These lunar green shoots aren’t the first plants in space. Astronauts on the International Space Station have grown crops including peas, radishes and cucumbers. They got their first bites of space-grown romaine lettuce in 2015.
The China National Space Administration eventually hopes to put humans on the Moon. “We are studying the program of sending astronauts to the Moon, but it’s still in very early stages,” a deputy director told the South China Morning Post. “We haven’t got the approval yet.”
11．When might Chang’e-4 land on the far side of the Moon
A．On January 7, 2019. B．On January 3, 2019.
C．On February 28, 2014. D．On February 3, 2015.
12．What is the benefit of growing plants on the Moon
A．It helps scientists understand the ecosystem in space.
B．It helps people living on the Moon feed themselves.
C．It helps support plants’ nutritional needs in space.
D．It helps set the basis for establishing settlements on the Moon.
13．What can we learn from the passage
A．Oxygen created by plants provides a food source.
B．The purpose of these organisms is to form a small ecosystem.
C．The yeast hardly plays a role in dealing with fruit flies’ waste.
D．The organisms can resist extreme heat and cold in the environment.
14．Which can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Living on the Moon
B．Flying to the Moon
C．Garden on Moon’s Far Side
D．Human Settlement on Moon’s Far Side
【答案】11．B 12．D 13．B 14．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了“嫦娥四号”携带植物种子在月球上进行种植相关试验，最终棉花种子成功发芽。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段“Pictures sent back by the probe show the cotton seeds sprouting on January 7, 2019, a few days after Chang’e-4 landed on the far side of the Moon.(探测器发回的照片显示，2019年1月7日，也就是嫦娥四号在月球背面着陆几天后，棉籽开始发芽)”可知，嫦娥四号在月球背面着陆几天后的2019年1月7日，探测器发回的照片；由此可知，嫦娥四号在月球背面着陆的时间在2019年1月7日之前，故选B项。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段“The organisms (生物) are in a sealed can, protected from the extreme temperatures and radiation on the surface. “Understanding how to grow plants in space will help lay the foundation for human settlement on the Moon,” a scientist leading the experiment told the South China Morning Post.(这些生物被放在一个密封的罐子里，免受表面极端温度和辐射的影响。‘了解如何在太空中种植植物将有助于为人类在月球上定居奠定基础，’领导该实验的一名科学家告诉《南华早报》)”可知，在月球上种植植物有助于为在月球上建立定居点奠定基础。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The six organisms are intended to form a mini-ecosystem, with the plants making oxygen and food to sustain the fruit flies.(这六种生物旨在形成一个微型生态系统，植物制造氧气和食物来维持果蝇)”可知，这些生物的目的是形成一个小的生态系统。故选B项。
14．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A sprouting (发芽) cotton seed on China’s Chang’e-4 lunar lander is the first plant ever to grow in another world, indicating a new era for life in space.(中国“嫦娥四号”月球着陆器上一颗正在发芽的棉籽是有史以来第一颗在另一个世界生长的植物，标志着太空生命的新时代的到来)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了“嫦娥四号”携带植物种子在月球上进行种植相关试验，最终棉花种子成功发芽，所以C项“Garden on Moon’s Far Side(月球背面的花园)”符合文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。
B
For those of us who grew up watching Star Trek, exploring space has been about discovering strange new worlds. And there are plenty of worlds to explore in time, but we still need major technological advancements to reach planets that are light years away.
What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth. From space, we can monitor, manage and care for our planet. Satellite-based sensors show us the short- and long-term effects of human activity on our environment. Many companies are using their interest in space to help solve problems here, from using hyperspectral imaging(高光谱成像), which enable us to map vegetation(植被) and rain forests, to microsatellites that provide global connectivity for the network of things.
My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. The Internet has become our economic lifeblood. And yet, nearly half of the world’s population doesn’t have Internet access. Space is playing a key role in bridging this digital divide. OneWeb is launching 1,980 satellites to help bring Internet access to people everywhere, and our first production satellites are already flying in space and have shown very high download speeds.
Fiber and cable Internet access technologies already cover most financially viable(可行的) major cities. Similarly, these regions will also be the first to be served with 5G. Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty. OneWeb’s satellites will reach every community in the world and enable equal access to the Internet for the world’s less developed places.
Fifty years from the day when man first walked on the moon, we are still only approaching the possible. There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully.
15．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．Benefits space exploration can bring to us.
B．Problems space exploration leads to.
C．Steps of space exploration requires.
D．Equipment space exploration needs.
16．What is OneWeb aiming to do
A．Increase download speeds.
B．Narrow the gap in Internet learning.
C．Help people set up and maintain a website.
D．Enable people to make use of the Internet equally.
17．What can be inferred from the text
A．More than six decades ago, man first walked on the moon.
B．More than half of the world’s people have no access to the Internet.
C．OneWeb’s satellites will make it possible for most people to be served with 5G.
D．Without the Internet, poor communities can hardly help themselves out of poverty.
18．What will the writer probably continue to write about in the following paragraph
A．The risks of furthering space exploration.
B．The value of setting up space stations.
C．The way we could monitor our earth.
D．The features of microsatellites.
【答案】15．A 16．D 17．D 18．A
【导语】
本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了我们在太空中取得的进步给地球带来了难以置信的好处，但我们仍然需要谨慎。
15．主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth.(我们今天在太空中所做的一切，在地球上此时此地正在提供令人难以置信的好处。)”并结合下文内容可知，本段主要讲述了太空探索带来的好处。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. (我的公司OneWeb正专注于我认为是世界上最重要的问题之一：平等访问互联网的需要。)”可知，OneWeb致力于让人们能够拥有平等使用互联网的机会。故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty.(贫困社区是最后一个建立连接的社区，如果没有连接，这些社区就没有机会摆脱贫困。)”可推出，如果没有网络，贫困社区很难摆脱贫困。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully.(未来几年，将有数以万计的新卫星、空间站和工厂，为通信、科学研究、地球监测、太空探索等领域带来进步。这是令人兴奋的，但我们必须谨慎地采取行动。)”可知，作者在文章最后提到，虽然未来我们将继续在太空中取得进度，但我们需要谨慎采取行动，由此可推测，接下来可能会讲述进一步探索太空有可能遇到的风险，这属于导致要谨慎行动的潜在因素。故选A。
What will happen if you look at a solar eclipse (日食) 19 , even looking at any part of the sun’s rays through ordinary equipment, like regular sunglasses, can result in serious eye damage. Here are some information about the risks of looking at the sun and how to stay safe while observing this sun’s event.
What are the risks to looking at the sun with no eye protection It’s never safe to look directly at the sun. Looking at the sun for even a few seconds can cause “eclipse blindness”, a dangerous condition in which solar rays damage the eyes. 20 .
Viewing a solar eclipse could also make your eyes uncovered when facing possibly harmful UV(紫外线的)rays. The cornea, the eye’s protective surface, can also be damaged by UV rays, which cause pain and poor eyesight. 21 , as well as damage to other parts in the back of the eyes.
22 During the eclipse, special eclipse glasses must be worn. That’s because the sun’s surface is so bright that if you stare at any part of it, no matter how small, it produces enough light to permanently damage your eyes. Our eyes never developed to look at the sun without suffering severe damage. Regular sunglasses are not safe to use. 23 , be sure they are made by professional companies.
A．If you buy eclipse glasses
B．Without a specific eclipse glasses
C．How can we view the solar eclipse safely
D．Where can we watch the solar eclipse safely
E．A professional company will help you choose sunglasses
F．This can happen if you are not wearing sufficient eye protection
G．UV rays even cause lasting blindness and eyeball damage in the eyes
【答案】19．B 20．F 21．G 22．C 23．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了看日食存在的风险以及需要进行的保护措施。
19．根据上文“What will happen if you look at a solar eclipse (日食) (如果你看日食会发生什么)”以及后文“even looking at any part of the sun’s rays through ordinary equipment, like regular sunglasses, can result in serious eye damage(即使是通过普通的设备，比如普通的太阳镜，看太阳光线的任何部分，也会导致严重的眼睛损伤)”可知，本句回答上文提出的问题，结合后文可知普通的太阳镜看日食会导致眼睛损伤，说明需要特定的设备。故B选项“没有特定的日食眼镜”为后文眼睛受伤的条件，符合语境，故选B。
20．根据上文“What are the risks to looking at the sun with no eye protection It’s never safe to look directly at the sun. Looking at the sun for even a few seconds can cause “eclipse blindness”, a dangerous condition in which solar rays damage the eyes.(不戴护目镜看太阳有什么风险？直视太阳永远都不安全。即使只盯着太阳看几秒钟，也会导致“日食失明”，这是一种危险的情况，太阳光线会损害眼睛)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明直视太阳，眼睛没有保护会发生损害眼睛的情况，故F选项“如果你没有戴充足的护目镜，就会发生这种情况”符合语境，故选F。
21．根据上文“The cornea, the eye’s protective surface, can also be damaged by UV rays, which cause pain and poor eyesight.(眼睛的保护层角膜也会受到紫外线的伤害，从而导致疼痛和视力下降)”以及后文“as well as damage to other parts in the back of the eyes.(以及眼睛后部其他部位的损伤)”可知，本句与上文并列，继续说明紫外线对眼睛的伤害。故G选项“紫外线甚至会造成永久性失明和眼球损伤”符合语境，故选G。
22．根据后文“During the eclipse, special eclipse glasses must be worn. That’s because the sun’s surface is so bright that if you stare at any part of it, no matter how small, it produces enough light to permanently damage your eyes. Our eyes never developed to look at the sun without suffering severe damage. Regular sunglasses are not safe to use.(在日食期间，必须佩戴特殊的日食眼镜。这是因为太阳的表面非常明亮，如果你盯着它的任何一部分，不管它有多小，它都会产生足够的光来永久性地伤害你的眼睛。我们的眼睛从未发育到不受严重伤害就能看太阳的程度。普通的太阳镜不安全)”以及问号可知，本句主要是引起后文如何安全观看日食的问题，故C选项“我们怎样才能安全地观看日食”符合语境，故选C。
23．根据后文“be sure they are made by professional companies(确保它们是由专业公司制作的)”可知，本句是在说明购买了日食眼镜的情况，A选项中eclipse glasses对应后文they。故A选项“如果你买日食眼镜”符合语境，故选A。
四、完形填空
A wise man was passing through a city. While he was walking, he 24 a coin on the road. He picked it up. Despite his simple life, he was satisfied and he had no use of that coin. So, he planned to donate it. 25 , throughout the day he didn’t find such a person. Finally, he reached the 26 area and spent a night there.
Next morning, he 27 and was told that a king was going for his invasion of another state with his army. When the king saw the wise man, he 28 his army to stop. He came to the wise man and said, ”I am going to beat another 29 . Thus, my state can be 30 . So bless me to be victorious. ”
After 31 , the wise man gave the coin to the king！The king was confused with this because he is already one of the richest kings! He 32 asked, “What’s the meaning？”
The wise man explained, ”I found this coin yesterday in your 33 . But I had no use. So I had 34 that I would donate it. I walked around till the evening, but found no one to donate it to.
Everyone was living a 35 life. It seemed that they were satisfied with what they had. But today, the king of this state, still has the desire to 36 more and is not satisfied with what he already has. I feel you are 37 this coin. ”
The king realized his 38 and gave up the planned war.
24．A．noticed B．lost C．spent D．dropped
25．A．Thus B．Besides C．However D．Therefore
26．A．dining B．waiting C．walking D．resting
27．A．woke up B．looked up C．stayed up D．dressed up
28．A．hoped B．allowed C．ordered D．advised
29．A．tribe B．state C．city D．king
30．A．expanded B．respected C．developed D．blamed
31．A．consulting B．thinking C．chatting D．bargaining
32．A．nervously B．curiously C．eagerly D．angrily
33．A．city B．palace C．house D．backyard
34．A．agreed B．announced C．informed D．decided
35．A．happy B．hard C．convenient D．different
36．A．defend B．gain C．earn D．borrow
37．A．in possession of B．in search of C．in need of D．in charge of
38．A．achievement B．dream C．existence D．mistake
【答案】24．A 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．A 36．B 37．C 38．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一位智者在路过一个国家的时候，在街道上拾得一枚硬币，智者想把这枚硬币捐赠出去，但却没有找到需要这枚硬币的人。第二天醒来，智者被告知，这个国家的国王要侵略另一个国家，智者告诉国王，自己的国家的人民过着幸福的生活，人们安居乐业，很是满足，而这个国家的国王，仍然有获得更多的欲望，并不满足于他已经拥有的。国王才是最需要这枚银币的人。国王意识到自己的错误，放弃了计划中的战争。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他走路的时候，他注意到路上有一枚硬币。A. noticed注意；B. lost丢失；C. spent花费；D. dropped投下。根据后文“He picked it up.”可知，他捡起这枚硬币，即他注意到路上有一枚硬币，才会捡起来。故选A。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他一整天都没有找到需要这枚银币的人。A. Thus因此；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。根据后文“he didn’t find such a person”可知，前后语意转折，应用however。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他到了休息区，在那里过了一夜。A. dining进餐；B. waiting等待；C. walking步行；D. resting休息。根据后文“spent a night there”可知，他到了休息区。故选D。
27．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，他醒来，被告知一个国王将要带着他的军队入侵另一个国家。A. woke up唤醒；B. looked up向上看；C. stayed up熬夜；D. dressed up打扮。由“Next morning”以及后文“and was told that a king was going for his invasion of another state with his army”可知，他醒来，被告知一个国王将要带着他的军队入侵另一个国家。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当国王看到这个智者时，他命令他的军队停下来。A. hoped希望；B. allowed允许；C. ordered命令；D. advised建议。根据后文“his army to stop”指国王命令军队停下来，短语order sb to do sth“命令某人做某事”符合句意。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对智者说:“我要去打败另一个国家。”A tribe部落；B. state国家；C. city城市；D. king国王。由上文“his invasion of another state with his army”，可知，国王亲口告诉智者，自己要去攻打另一个国家。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我的国家的疆土就可以扩大了。A. expanded扩大；B. respected尊重；C. developed发展；D. blamed责备。根据常识可以判断出，打仗是为了扩大本国的疆土。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过思考，智者把硬币给了国王！A. consulting咨询；B. thinking想；C. chatting聊天；D. bargaining讨价还价。根据后文智者给出了归还硬币的理由，可知智者觉得这枚硬币可以说服国王。经过思考，智者把硬币给了国王。故选B。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他好奇地问:“这是什么意思？A. nervously紧张地；B. curiously好奇地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. angrily生气地。根据后文“What’s the meaning”可知，国王很好奇，智者为什么会给他一枚小小的硬币。故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：智者解释说：“我昨天在你的城市里发现了这枚硬币”。A. city城市；B. palace宫殿；C. house房子；D. backyard后院。根据上文“through a city.”可知，智者在叙述捡硬币的地点。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我已经决定要把它捐出去。A. agreed同意；B. announced宣布；C. informed告知；D. decided决定。由上文“But I had no use.(但我没有用)”可知，智者已经决定要把它捐出去。故选D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都过着幸福的生活。A. happy快乐的；B. hard困难的；C. convenient方便的；D. different不同的。根据后文“It seemed that they were satisfied with what they had.(他们似乎对所拥有的一切很满意)”可知，智者并没有找到需要硬币的人。那时因为每个人都过着幸福的生活，不要这枚小小的硬币。故选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是今天，这个国家的国王，仍然有欲望获得更多，不满足于他已经拥有的。A. defend防御；B. gain获得；C. earn赚钱；D. borrow借。由“is not satisfied with”可知，国王，仍然要获得更多的东西。故选B。
37．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我觉得你需要这枚硬币。A. in possession of拥有；B. in search of搜查；C. in need of需要；D. in charge of负责。根据上文“more and is not satisfied with what he already has”可知，智者觉得国王渴望拥有更多，所以最需要这枚硬币。故选C。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：国王意识到自己的错误，放弃了计划中的战争。A. achievement成就；B. dream梦想；C. existence存在；D. mistake错误。由“gave up the planned war”可知，国王意识到自己的错误，所以放弃了计划中的战争。故选D。
四．阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mankind is exploring space in the hope of 39 (find) out more secrets of the universe. Some disasters brought much sadness 40 disappointment, but the desire 41 (explore) the universe did not die.
On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 42 (launch) by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, Yuri Gagarin became the first person 43 enter into space in the world.On 20 July, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, 44 (famous) saying, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”
In 2003, China successfully sent Yang Liwei into space and orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, 45 (become) the third country in the world to 46 (independent) send humans into space.
People will continue to explore this final frontier, and this is 47 they believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration 48 the huge risks.
【答案】39．finding 40．and 41．to explore 42．was launched 43．to 44．famously 45．becoming 46．independently 47．because 48．despite
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类在航空航天方面的进步和发展。
39．考查动名词。句意：人类正在探索太空，希望能发现更多宇宙的秘密。介词of后应接动名词形式作宾语，in the hope of doing“怀着……的希望”。故填finding。
40．考查连词。句意：一些灾难带来了很多伤心和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望并没有破灭。分析句子可知，空处应填连词and连接并列名词sadness和disappointment。故填and。
41．考查不定式。句意：一些灾难带来了很多伤心和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望并没有破灭。抽象名词the desire后应填动词不定式作后置定语，the desire to do“做……的欲望”。故填to explore。
42．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：1957年10月4日，苏联发射了斯普特尼克1号卫星，并成功绕地球运行。根据时间状语On 4 October 1957可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语the Sputnik 1 satellite与动词launch构成逻辑上的被动关系，故应用被动语态，the Sputnik 1 satellite为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was launched。
43．考查不定式。句意：之后，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。名词person前有序数词修饰，后接不定式作定语，故填不定式符号to。故填to。
44．考查副词。句意：1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球，他有一句名言：“这是一个人的一小步，却是全人类的一大步。”空处应用副词修饰动词saying。故填famously。
45．考查非谓语。句意：2003年，中国成功将杨利伟送入太空，并乘坐神舟五号飞船环绕地球运行，成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。分析句子可知，空处应用现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然，意料之中的结果。故填becoming。
46．考查副词。句意：2003年，中国成功将杨利伟送入太空，并乘坐神舟五号飞船环绕地球运行，成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。空处应用副词independently“独立地”修饰动词send“发送”。故填independently。
47．考查表语从句。句意：人们将继续探索这最后的边界，这是因为他们相信进行太空探索的重要性，尽管存在巨大风险。分析句子可知，空处应填because“因为”引导表语从句。故填because。
48．考查介词。句意：人们将继续探索这最后的边界，这是因为他们相信进行太空探索的重要性，尽管存在巨大风险。分析句子可知，空处应填介词despite“尽管，不管”，后接名词作宾语。故填despite。Unit 4 Listening and Speaking习题检测
基础知识自测
一、语法填空
1．His (intelligent) is comparatively favourable with that of his brother.
2．I was exhausted, both physically and (mental).
3．He graduated physics from CambridgeUniversity.
4．After failing the examination, he determined (work) hard and catch up with others.
5．How do (astronaut) do exercise in the space
二、单词拼写
6．We practise earthquake safety (程序，步骤) twice a year, so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.
7．The tiny (火箭) is attached to the spaceship.
8．Keeping your (肌肉) strong and it helps you to avoid back problems.
9．She (发信号) us that everything was all right .
10．Your (渴求) for success leaves a deep impression on me.
学科素养提升
三、阅读理解
A
It is a small step for a plant, and a giant leap for plant kind. A sprouting (发芽) cotton seed on China’s Chang’e-4 lunar lander is the first plant ever to grow in another world, indicating a new era for life in space.
Seeds, including cotton, arabidopsis (拟南芥), oilseed rape (油菜) and potato were carried to the Moon as a part of biological experiment, along with fruit fly eggs and some yeasts (酵母).
Pictures sent back by the probe show the cotton seeds sprouting on January 7, 2019, a few days after Chang’e-4 landed on the far side of the Moon.
The organisms (生物) are in a sealed can, protected from the extreme temperatures and radiation on the surface. “Understanding how to grow plants in space will help lay the foundation for human settlement on the Moon,” a scientist leading the experiment told the South China Morning Post.
The six organisms are intended to form a mini-ecosystem, with the plants making oxygen and food to sustain the fruit flies. Yeasts could process the flies’ waste and dead plants to provide another food source.
In a future human settlement, potatoes could provide food, rapeseed could be a source of oil and cotton could be used for clothing. A study in 2014 reported that plants could sprout and grow in lunar soil for 50 days without any additional nutrients (营养物). Over longer periods, human waste could help support plants’ nutritional needs.
These lunar green shoots aren’t the first plants in space. Astronauts on the International Space Station have grown crops including peas, radishes and cucumbers. They got their first bites of space-grown romaine lettuce in 2015.
The China National Space Administration eventually hopes to put humans on the Moon. “We are studying the program of sending astronauts to the Moon, but it’s still in very early stages,” a deputy director told the South China Morning Post. “We haven’t got the approval yet.”
11．When might Chang’e-4 land on the far side of the Moon
A．On January 7, 2019. B．On January 3, 2019.
C．On February 28, 2014. D．On February 3, 2015.
12．What is the benefit of growing plants on the Moon
A．It helps scientists understand the ecosystem in space.
B．It helps people living on the Moon feed themselves.
C．It helps support plants’ nutritional needs in space.
D．It helps set the basis for establishing settlements on the Moon.
13．What can we learn from the passage
A．Oxygen created by plants provides a food source.
B．The purpose of these organisms is to form a small ecosystem.
C．The yeast hardly plays a role in dealing with fruit flies’ waste.
D．The organisms can resist extreme heat and cold in the environment.
14．Which can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Living on the Moon
B．Flying to the Moon
C．Garden on Moon’s Far Side
D．Human Settlement on Moon’s Far Side
B
For those of us who grew up watching Star Trek, exploring space has been about discovering strange new worlds. And there are plenty of worlds to explore in time, but we still need major technological advancements to reach planets that are light years away.
What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth. From space, we can monitor, manage and care for our planet. Satellite-based sensors show us the short- and long-term effects of human activity on our environment. Many companies are using their interest in space to help solve problems here, from using hyperspectral imaging(高光谱成像), which enable us to map vegetation(植被) and rain forests, to microsatellites that provide global connectivity for the network of things.
My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. The Internet has become our economic lifeblood. And yet, nearly half of the world’s population doesn’t have Internet access. Space is playing a key role in bridging this digital divide. OneWeb is launching 1,980 satellites to help bring Internet access to people everywhere, and our first production satellites are already flying in space and have shown very high download speeds.
Fiber and cable Internet access technologies already cover most financially viable(可行的) major cities. Similarly, these regions will also be the first to be served with 5G. Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty. OneWeb’s satellites will reach every community in the world and enable equal access to the Internet for the world’s less developed places.
Fifty years from the day when man first walked on the moon, we are still only approaching the possible. There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully.
15．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．Benefits space exploration can bring to us.
B．Problems space exploration leads to.
C．Steps of space exploration requires.
D．Equipment space exploration needs.
16．What is OneWeb aiming to do
A．Increase download speeds.
B．Narrow the gap in Internet learning.
C．Help people set up and maintain a website.
D．Enable people to make use of the Internet equally.
17．What can be inferred from the text
A．More than six decades ago, man first walked on the moon.
B．More than half of the world’s people have no access to the Internet.
C．OneWeb’s satellites will make it possible for most people to be served with 5G.
D．Without the Internet, poor communities can hardly help themselves out of poverty.
18．What will the writer probably continue to write about in the following paragraph
A．The risks of furthering space exploration.
B．The value of setting up space stations.
C．The way we could monitor our earth.
D．The features of microsatellites.
What will happen if you look at a solar eclipse (日食) 19 , even looking at any part of the sun’s rays through ordinary equipment, like regular sunglasses, can result in serious eye damage. Here are some information about the risks of looking at the sun and how to stay safe while observing this sun’s event.
What are the risks to looking at the sun with no eye protection It’s never safe to look directly at the sun. Looking at the sun for even a few seconds can cause “eclipse blindness”, a dangerous condition in which solar rays damage the eyes. 20 .
Viewing a solar eclipse could also make your eyes uncovered when facing possibly harmful UV(紫外线的)rays. The cornea, the eye’s protective surface, can also be damaged by UV rays, which cause pain and poor eyesight. 21 , as well as damage to other parts in the back of the eyes.
22 During the eclipse, special eclipse glasses must be worn. That’s because the sun’s surface is so bright that if you stare at any part of it, no matter how small, it produces enough light to permanently damage your eyes. Our eyes never developed to look at the sun without suffering severe damage. Regular sunglasses are not safe to use. 23 , be sure they are made by professional companies.
A．If you buy eclipse glasses
B．Without a specific eclipse glasses
C．How can we view the solar eclipse safely
D．Where can we watch the solar eclipse safely
E．A professional company will help you choose sunglasses
F．This can happen if you are not wearing sufficient eye protection
G．UV rays even cause lasting blindness and eyeball damage in the eyes
四、完形填空
A wise man was passing through a city. While he was walking, he 24 a coin on the road. He picked it up. Despite his simple life, he was satisfied and he had no use of that coin. So, he planned to donate it. 25 , throughout the day he didn’t find such a person. Finally, he reached the 26 area and spent a night there.
Next morning, he 27 and was told that a king was going for his invasion of another state with his army. When the king saw the wise man, he 28 his army to stop. He came to the wise man and said, ”I am going to beat another 29 . Thus, my state can be 30 . So bless me to be victorious. ”
After 31 , the wise man gave the coin to the king！The king was confused with this because he is already one of the richest kings! He 32 asked, “What’s the meaning？”
The wise man explained, ”I found this coin yesterday in your 33 . But I had no use. So I had 34 that I would donate it. I walked around till the evening, but found no one to donate it to.
Everyone was living a 35 life. It seemed that they were satisfied with what they had. But today, the king of this state, still has the desire to 36 more and is not satisfied with what he already has. I feel you are 37 this coin. ”
The king realized his 38 and gave up the planned war.
24．A．noticed B．lost C．spent D．dropped
25．A．Thus B．Besides C．However D．Therefore
26．A．dining B．waiting C．walking D．resting
27．A．woke up B．looked up C．stayed up D．dressed up
28．A．hoped B．allowed C．ordered D．advised
29．A．tribe B．state C．city D．king
30．A．expanded B．respected C．developed D．blamed
31．A．consulting B．thinking C．chatting D．bargaining
32．A．nervously B．curiously C．eagerly D．angrily
33．A．city B．palace C．house D．backyard
34．A．agreed B．announced C．informed D．decided
35．A．happy B．hard C．convenient D．different
36．A．defend B．gain C．earn D．borrow
37．A．in possession of B．in search of C．in need of D．in charge of
38．A．achievement B．dream C．existence D．mistake
四．阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mankind is exploring space in the hope of 39 (find) out more secrets of the universe. Some disasters brought much sadness 40 disappointment, but the desire 41 (explore) the universe did not die.
On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 42 (launch) by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, Yuri Gagarin became the first person 43 enter into space in the world.On 20 July, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, 44 (famous) saying, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”
In 2003, China successfully sent Yang Liwei into space and orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, 45 (become) the third country in the world to 46 (independent) send humans into space.
People will continue to explore this final frontier, and this is 47 they believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration 48 the huge risks.

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