Module 4 Seeing the doctor
现在完成时(3)
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
一、延续性动词&非延续性动词概念区分
1.非延续性动词表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,如begin,start,die,buy,leave, come等,不能和表示延续的时间状语连用也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中.
2.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。如:learn, work, stand,sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与段时间连用。
二、延续性动词&非延续性动词的转换
⑴将时间状语改为时间段 + ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时.
我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago.
⑵若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在 how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词
The film started two hours ago.→The film has been on for two hours.
☆常见短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换
be 型
1.go there -- be there
2.come here—be here
3.come back—be back
4.die—be dead
5.leave—be away(from)
6.open—be open
7.close—be closed
8.go/get out—be out
9.finish/end-- be over
10.become—be
11.get up—be up
12.begin/start(上演)—be on
13. fall asleep-- be asleep
14.fall ill – be ill
15.arrive at / in… -- be at / in
16.reach…-- be at/in
17.get married -- be married
18.join—be in/be a member of
19.join --be a member of /be in
实义动词型
1.borrow-- keep
2. buy——have
3.begin to teach—teach
4. get to know—know
5.put on—wear
6. receive--have
7.catch a cold—have a cold
8.hear from—have a letter from
【注意】
非延续性动词并非不可用于现在完成时态中,只是不能和表示“一段”时间的短语连用,但可与just,yet,already ,ever,never等连用。例如:
They have already come.
He has just gone out.
一、单项选择(本大题共50小题,每小题2分,共100分)
1.—Where is your uncle, Mike
—He is in Guangzhou. He ________ for a month.
A.has left B.has gone C.left D.has been away
2.—Bill, you should return the book to the library soon. You ________ it for a month.
—Sorry, Ms. Brown. I’ll return it this afternoon.
A.borrowed B.have borrowed C.have kept D.kept
3.— How long __________ you _________ the watch — For three years.
A.have; had B.has; had C.have; bought D.has; bought
4.The shopping mall called Yinxiangcheng ________ for half a year, but I _________ there yet.
A.has opened; haven’t gone B.has been open; haven’t been
C.has been open; haven’t gone D.has been opened; haven’t been
5.—Could I _________ your bicycle
—Sure, and you can _________ for a week.
A.borrow; borrow B.borrow; keep C.lend; lend
6.You’ve _________ the phone for 10 years and it doesn’t work well. Why not buy a new one
A.lent B.bought C.had D.borrowed
7.—Is that Mrs. Li
—It can’t be her. She, as a volunteer, ________ Shanghai since April.
A.has been to B.has gone to C.has been in D.has come to
8.—I saw Cathy walk into that building just now.
—Oh, it’s our new city museum. It __________ to the public for a month.
A.has been opened B.has been open C.has opened D.opened
9.Susan with her little baby ________ abroad for a holiday. They won’t be back in two weeks.
A.has gone B.has gone to C.has been D.has been to
10.—I hear your mum ________ for a week. How is she
—Better, but she still can’t go home.
A.was in hospital B.has gone to hospital C.has been in hospital D.will go to hospital
11.—How long have they ________
—For more than twenty years.
A.married B.had married C.is married D.been married
12.—I’m afraid you ________ a high fever.
—Yes, I ________ a high fever for two days.
A.have; have got B.have got; have had C.had; have had D.have got; have
13.John ________ the club for three years. It means he ________ the club three years ago.
A.has joined; has joined B.has been a member of; joined
C.has taken part in; joined D.has become a member of; has joined
14.—How long ________ here
—For only five minutes. My sister ________ here with me.
A.have you been; walked B.are you; has walked C.are you; walked D.have you gone; has walked
15.My dad is so tired after a day’s work that he ________ for over ten hours.
A.has been asleep B.has gone to bed C.has fallen asleep D.has been to sleep
16.The film ________ for a few e on!
A.has begun B.will begin C.has been on D.will be on
17.Meghan Markle, a famous actress, ___________ to Prince Harry for three years and they live a happy life.
A.was married B.has married C.has been married D.has got married
18.Mr. Smith ________ this bag in 2009. He ________ it for many years.
A.bought; has had B.bought; has bought C.has bought; has had D.has bought; had
19.You can’t get in. The exam ________ for over 30 minutes.
A.began B.has been on C.begins D.has begun
20.—How long has John ________ England
—For a week.
A.been back in B.been back to
C.come back to D.returned to
21.—May I borrow the book Journey to the West
—Sorry, I ________ it from the school library and I ________ it for three weeks, I must return it today.
A.borrow;kept B.borrowed;kept C.kept;borrowed D.borrowed;have kept
22.My son ________ a train and railway set since his fourth birthday.
A.has owned B.has bought C.has borrowed
23.The old women ________ in the park ________ 8 o’clock.
A.has been; since B.has come; since C.has been; for D.came; since
24.The fish ______ for some time. You’d better cook them at once.
A.have been dead B.has died C.have died D.has been dead
25.My mother ________ the dancing club for nearly 10 years.
A.has joined B.has joined in C.has been in D.has been
26.—May I speak to Mr. Green
—Sorry, he ________ Xiangyang. He ________ the city for two days.
A.has been to; has been in B.has gone to; has been to
C.has been to; has been to D.has gone to; has been in
27.Peter is one of my best friends. We ________ friends for many years.
A.have made B.have been C.has made D.has been
28.— How long __________ you __________ this school
— For two years.
A.have; arrived at B.did; come to
C.have; come to D.have; taught in
29.— How long __________ they __________
— Sorry, I don’t know. But I know that Peter is going to __________ a nurse next month.
A.did; marry; marry to B.did; get marry; marry with
C.have; got married; marry D.have; been married; marry
30.—Could I ________ your bike
—Yes, but you can ________ it for only a week.
A.borrow; keep B.lend; keep C.keep; keep D.borrow; lend
31.Hurry up! The meeting ________ for 10 minutes.
A.has been on B.has begin C.begins D.will be on
32.Mr.Green ________ the house in 2010. He ________ it for ten years.
A.bought; has bought B.bought; has had C.has bought; has had
33.— Luke, do you love country music
— Of course I do. I have ________ a fan of it for ten years.
A.turned B.become C.been D.got
34.Lei Feng ________ for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us.
A.died B.has died C.has been dead
35.—Mr. Brown, can I ________ Harry Potter from the library
—Sure, but you can only ________ it for half a month.
A.lend; borrow B.borrow; keep C.borrow; lend D.lend; keep
36.—How long ________ you ________ the bike
—For two years.
A.Have; had B.Will; buy C.Have; bought D.Has; bought
37.—Your car is really cool.
—Thank you. I ________ it for less than one month.
A.bought B.have bought C.had D.have had
38.—What a nice car! How long ________ you ________ it
—Just two months.
A.have; bought B.did; buy C.have; had D.are; having
39.—Has our leader Mr. Xi ________ Liuzhou yet
—Yes. He ________ for about half an hour.
A.left; left B.left; has been away
C.left; was away D.has been away; left
40.— How long _________ the bike
— For two years.
A.have you bought B.have you had C.did you had
41.Mr. and Mrs. Smith ________ for almost forty years.
A.marry B.married C.have married D.have been married
42.—Have you been to Mall-city(摩尔城) in Baotou?
—No. Although it ________ for more than a month, I’m too busy to go there.
A.has started B.has been open C.has opened D.has been on
43.— How long can I __________ your dictionary
— One day, I’m afraid. In fact, it’s not mine. I __________ it from Lily.
A.borrow; borrowed B.lend; lent
C.keep; borrowed D.keep; lent
44.—How long have you ________ the computer, Jack
—For three month. My parents bought it for my 13th birthday.
A.borrowed B.bought C.caught D.had
45.Amy went to Canada five years ago and ________ a Chinese teacher in a school since then.
A.has been B.was C.has become D.became
46.—Do you know when Nick is leaving
—He _______ for half an hour.
A.will leave B.left C.has left D.has been away
47.—How long ________ you ________ the book
—For two years.
A.have; bought B.have; kept C.did; buy
48.My best friend has ________here for many years.I miss him very much.
A.left B.moved from C.been away from
49.— How long have you ________ your hometown
— Since ten years ago.
A.left B.been away from C.come back to D.gave to
50.Wanda Plaza ________ for many years, but I ________ there only once.
A.has opened; have gone B.has opened; has been
C.has been open; have gone D.has been open; have been
参考答案:
1.D
【详解】句意:——你叔叔在哪里,迈克 ?——他在广州。他已经离开一个月了。
考查现在完成时。现在完成时和一段时间连用,需用延续性动词,leave“离开”,是短暂性动词,其延续性动词为be away,故选D。
2.C
【详解】句意:——比尔,你应该尽快把书还给图书馆。你已经借了一个月。——对不起,布朗女士。我将于今天下午归还它。
考查动词时态。borrow借,短暂性动词;keep保存,延续性动词。根据句意及题干中“for a month”可知时态为现在完成时,动词用延续性动词,故选C。
3.A
【详解】句意:——你有这块手表多久了?——三年了。
考查现在完成时。根据答语时间状语“For three years.”可知,问句应用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”,主语为第二人称you,助动词用have;又因为how long跟延续性动词连用,buy为短暂性动词,可以转换为持续性动词have,其过去分词为had,故选A。
4.B
【详解】句意:印象城购物中心已经开了半年了,但我还没去过。
考查现在完成时。“for two weeks”表示时间段,需和延续性动词连用。open是短暂性动词,不能和时间段连用,可排除AD;open还可作形容词;be open“开放的”,表状态,是持续性动词。have been to去过/去了(已回);have gone to去了(未回)。根据“but”可知,前后语意转折,表示“我还没去过”,故选B。
5.B
【详解】句意:——我可以借你的自行车吗?——当然,你可以借一个星期。
考查动词辨析。borrow借进来;lend借出去;keep保存。根据“Could I…your bicycle ”可知,此处指的是借进来自行车,第一个空填“borrow”,因此排除C选项;再由“for a week.”可知,此处要用延续性动词,borrow是短暂性动词,keep是延续性动词,排除A选项。故选B。
6.C
【详解】句意:这部手机你已经用10年了,而且它不好用了。为什么不买一部新的呢?
考查延续性动词的用法。lent借出,非延续动词;bought买,非延续动词;had拥有,延续动词;borrowed借来,非延续动词。根据“for 10 years”可知,空处用延续性动词与一段时间连用,表示拥有这部手机10年了。故选C。
7.C
【详解】句意:——那是李女士吗?——那不可能是她。作为一名志愿者,她从4月份就来到了上海。
考查延续性动词的用法。has been to去过某地(已回来),短暂性动词;has gone to去了某地(还未回来),短暂性动词;has been in待在某地,延续性动词;has come to已来了,短暂性动词。since+过去的时间点,表示动作从过去某个时间一直延续到现在,动词要用延续性动词,故选C。
8.B
【详解】句意:——我看见凯茜刚刚走进那栋建筑了。——哦,那是我们新的城市博物馆。它已经对公众开放了一个月了。
本题考查现在完成时。根据“... for a month.”可知,博物馆开放的动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,已有一个月之久,谓语应使用可延续的“be open”,其中open是形容词。故选B。
9.A
【详解】句意:苏珊带着她的小宝贝去国外度假了。她们两周内不会回来。
考查现在完成时。have gone to去了某地,还没回来;have been to去过某地,已经回来了。根据“They won’t be back in two weeks.”可知,还没回来,故用have gone to;go abroad意为“去国外”,abroad为副词,前面不加介词to;“Susan”为第三人称单数作主语,因此用has,所以填has gone。故选A。
10.C
【详解】句意:——我听说你妈妈住院一周了。她怎么样了?——好多了,但她还是不能回家。
考查时态。“for a week”表示一段时间,应与延续性动词连用,“住院”用be in hospital表示,排除B和D;根据答句“but she still can’t go home”可知,“住院”这一动作持续到现在,应用现在完成时。故选C。
11.D
【详解】句意:——他们已经结婚多久了?——二十多年了。
考查动词的时态。根据“How long”及答语的一段时间状语提示可知句子时态是现在完成时:have/has done,且谓语动词应是延续性动词,故选D。
12.B
【详解】句意:——恐怕你已发高烧了。——是的,我已经高烧两天了。
考查动词的时态。根据“I’m afraid you...a high fever.”可知,已经发高烧了,第一空应用现在完成时,get a high fever意为“发高烧”;for two days意为“两天”,表一段时间状语,和延续性动词的现在完成时连用。故选B。
13.B
【详解】句意:约翰加入俱乐部已有三年了。这意味着他三年前加入了俱乐部。
考查时态。根据“for three years”可知,第一空应用现在完成时,且动词用延续性动词;根据“three years ago”可知,第二空应使用一般过去时。故选B。
14.A
【详解】句意;——你来这里多久了?——只有五分钟。 我姐姐和我一起走到这里。
考查动词时态。根据“how long”以及“For only five minutes”可知,第一空处要用现在完成时have done的结构,且动词要用延续性动词,have gone (to)是短暂性动词,排除B,C和D选项。第二空“散步”的动作发生在过去,故动词用过去式,故选A。
15.A
【详解】句意:我爸爸工作一天后太累了,他已经睡了十多个小时了。
考查现在完成时。be asleep入睡,睡着,延续性动词;go to bed上床睡觉,瞬间动词;fall asleep睡着,瞬间动词。此句是现在完成时,由“for over ten hours”可知谓语动词用延续性动词,故选A。
16.C
【详解】句意:这个电影已经开始几分钟了。快点!
考查现在完成时。begin开始,瞬间动词,be on是它的延续性动词,根据“for a few minutes”可知,此处用含延续性动词的现在完成时,故选C。
17.C
【详解】句意:著名女演员梅根·马克尔与哈里王子结婚三年,他们过着幸福的生活。
考查动词时态。根据“for three years”可知,句子使用现在完成时,跟一段时间连用,谓语动词使用延续性动词,排除A选项;marry和get married是瞬间动词,排除BD选项。故选C。
18.A
【详解】句意:史密斯先生在2009年买了这个包。 他已经有很多年了。
考查动词时态以及延续性动词的用法。根据“in 2009”可知,第一句用一般过去时。根据“for many years”可知,第二句用现在完成时结构,且要用延续性动词,buy是短暂性动词,故选A。
19.B
【详解】句意:你进不去的。考试已经进行了30多分钟了。
考查现在完成时态。根据“for over 30 minutes”可知,跟现在完成时连用,且用延续性动词。begin为短暂性动词,故排除,应用has been on。故选B。
20.A
【详解】句意:——约翰回英国多久了?——一个星期。
考查现在完成时。how long与延续性动词连用,排除CD选项;根据答句可知,问句是问“ 回英国多久了”,介词用in。to表示“到某地”,in表示“在某地”,A选项符合语境,故选A。
21.D
【详解】句意:——我可以借《西游记》这本书吗?——对不起,我从学校图书馆借的,我已经借三个星期了,今天必须归还。
考查动词时态。根据“I...it from the school library and I...it for three weeks”可知,借书这一瞬时动作发生在过去,空一用一般过去时,borrow…from…“从……借……”;根据“for three weeks”可知,这本书留在他这儿已经有三个星期了,用现在完成时,延续性动词keep可与一段时间连用,因此空二用have kept。故选D。
22.A
【详解】句意:我儿子从四岁生日起就拥有了一套火车和铁路玩具。
考查动词辨析。own拥有;buy买;borrow借。根据“since his fourth birthday”可知与时间段连用,要用延续性动词,只有own是延续性动词。故选A。
23.A
【详解】句意:这些老太太从8点钟起就一直在公园里。
考查现在完成时since的用法。has been为延续性动作;has come为短暂性动作;since自从,后接时间点;for长达多久,后接时间段。根据“8 o’clock”为时间点,应该使用“since”,且应该使用现在完成时,动词应该使用延续性动词。故选A。
24.A
【详解】句意:这些鱼已经死了一段时间了。你最好马上煮了它们。
考查现在完成时。根据“for some time”可知动词应用延续性动词,而die“死亡”是非延续性动词,排除BC;根据“cook them”可知此处“The fish”是复数,助动词用have。故选A。
25.C
【详解】句意:我母亲在舞蹈俱乐部工作了将近10年。
考查延续性动词。根据“for nearly 10 years”可知,句子要用现在完成时,且句中的动词要用延续性动词,join是短暂性动词,其延续性动词是be in,故选C。
26.D
【详解】句意:——我可以找格林先生接电话吗?——对不起,他去襄阳了。他已经在那个城市两天了。
考查时态。has been to表示去过某地;has been in表示已经在某地;has gone to表示去了某地,还没回来。根据“Sorry”可知,他还没有回来,因此第一空用has gone to。再根据“for two days”可知,与时间段连用,用延续性动词,因此表示他已经在那里两天了,因此用has been in。故选D。
27.B
【详解】句意:彼得是我最好的朋友之一。我们是多年的朋友了。
考查现在完成时的用法。根据“for many years”可知当现在完成时和一段时间连用,动词须是延续性动词,这里不能用make,应用be动词表示状态,主语是we,助动词用have,故选B。
28.D
【详解】句意:——你在这所学校教了多长时间了?——两年了。
考查现在完成时。根据答语 “For two years.”可知,问句时态应用现在完成时,构成形式为:have/has done,一般疑问句将have/has提到主语之前,故排除B项;且句中的动词应用延续性动词,而arrive和come均为非延续性动词,故排除A、C项。故选D。
29.D
【详解】句意:——他们结婚多久了?——对不起,我不知道。但是我知道皮特下个月将会娶一名护士。
考查动词时态。marry做动词,表示“结婚”,marry sb.表示“嫁/娶某人”;题干第二个空格指的是皮特先生将要娶一名护士,此处用“be going to+动词原形”表示“将来时”,故此处应填原形marry。其次how long表示多长时间,常和现在完成时态连用,且谓语动词应用延续性动词,marry本身是短暂性动词,其对应的延续性动词是be married。故选D。
30.A
【详解】句意:——我可以借用你的自行车吗?——可以,但只能借一个星期。
考查动词辨析。borrow借入;lend借出;keep保存,持有,表示借一段时间。根据“Could I...your bike ”可知,“could”用于婉转地表达请求或许可,所以第一个空用表示想借对方的自行车用,所以用borrow;根据“for only a week”可知,第二空表示“借一周”,应用延续性动词,所以用keep。故选A。
31.A
【详解】句意:快点!会议已经开了10分钟了。
考查动词时态。for+一段时间,要与现在完成时一起连用,且动词要用延续性动词,begin是短暂性动词,be on是延续性动词,故选A。
32.B
【详解】句意:格林先生在2010年买了房子。他已经拥有这套房子10年了。
考查动词时态。根据“in 2010”可知,第一句为一般过去时,故第一空填bought。故排除C项。根据“for ten years”可知,第二句为现在完成时态,其构成是:have/has+过去分词。第二句中的动词要用延续性动词,buy是短暂性动词,不能跟一段时间,故排除A项。故选B。
33.C
【详解】句意:——卢克,你喜欢乡村音乐吗? ——我当然知道。十年来我一直是它的粉丝。
考查动词。turned转向;become成为;been是;got得到。根据句子结构,空格处应填过去分词构成“have +过去分词”的完成时结构,且根据“for ten years”可知,应用表示状态的动词,A、B、D选项都是瞬时动词,可排除,故选C。
34.C
【详解】句意:雷锋已经去世许多年了,但他的精神仍然激励着我们。
考查动词时态以及延续性动词。for+一段时间,要与现在完成时连用,排除A选项。且动词要用延续性动词,die是短暂性动词,be dead是延续性动词,故选C。
35.B
【详解】句意:——布朗老师,我可以从图书馆借《哈雷波特》吗?——当然,但你只能借半个月。
考查动词辨析。lend借出;borrow借入;keep保留。根据“from the library”可知,此处指从图书馆借书,用borrow sth from“从……借……”;“for+一段时间”要与延续性动词一起连用,keep是延续性动词,故选B。
36.A
【详解】句意:——你买这辆自行车多久了?——两年。
考查现在完成时和延续性动词。根据“How long”和“For two years.”可知,时态是现在完成时,动词应使用延续性动词,buy是短暂性动词,故选A。
37.D
【详解】句意:——你的车真的很酷。 ——谢谢,我买了不到一个月。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“for less than one month”可知,此处应用现在完成时,并且应用延续性动词与表示一段时间的状语连用;buy作动词,意为“买”,不能表示持续性的动作,因此可用have“拥有”替代。故选D。
38.C
【详解】句意:——多么漂亮的车!你买了多久了?——仅仅两个月。
考查动词时态。根据“how long”可知,句子用现在完成时have/has done的结构,且动词要用延续性动词,buy是短暂性动词,延续性动词是have,故选C。
39.B
【详解】句意:——我们的领导人习先生离开柳州了吗?——是的。他已经离开大约半个小时了。
考查现在完成时。leave离开,瞬间动词;be away离开,延续性动词,第一空应填动词的过去分词构成现在完成时的一般疑问句,故排除D,由第二个空后的“for about half an hour”可知,时态是现在完成时且要用延续性动词,排除A和C,故选B。
40.B
【详解】句意:——你买这辆自行车多久了?——两年。
考查动词时态以及延续性动词。此处how long与现在完成时一起连用,表达某一动作从过去开始,延续至今,排除C选项,且动词要用延续性动词,buy是短暂性动词,have是延续性动词,故选B。
41.D
【详解】句意:史密斯夫妇结婚将近四十年了。
考查动词时态。根据“for almost forty years.”可知句子时态是现在完成时,当现在完成时和一段时间连用,谓语动词需是延续性动词,marry“结婚”,是短暂性动词,其延续性动词为be married,故选D。
42.B
【详解】句意:——你去过包头的摩尔城吗?——不。虽然它已经开了一个多月了,但我太忙了不能去那里。
考查现在完成时。根据“for more than a month”可知,用现在完成时,商场营业表示状态用“be open”,start和open都是短暂性动词,故选B。
43.C
【详解】句意:——你的字典我可以借多久?——恐怕只能借一天。事实上,它不是我的。我从莉莉那借来的。
考查动词辨析。borrow借入;lend借出;keep保管。根据“How long”可知第一空用延续性动词keep,排除AB;再由“In fact, it’s not mine.”可知是从莉莉那借来的,第二空用borrow,排除D。故选C。
44.D
【详解】句意:——杰克,这台电脑你用了多久了?——三个月。这是我父母买给我的13岁生日礼物。
考查动词辨析。borrowed借,非延续性动词;bought买,非延续性动词;caught抓住,非延续性动词;had有,买,延续性动词。根据“How long have you”及“For three month”可知,空处应该用延续性动词,只有had符合。故选D。
45.A
【详解】句意:艾米五年前去了加拿大,从那以后一直是一所学校的中文老师。
考查现在完成时和延续性动词。根据句中“since then”提示,句子应用现在完成时,B、D选项可排除。且应用延续性动词来与表示一段时间的状语连用,become为瞬时动词,C选项可排除,故选A。
46.D
【详解】句意:——你知道尼克什么时候离开吗?——他离开半个小时了。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“for half an hour”可知动作由过去延续到现在,需用现在完成时;leave是瞬间动词,不能接时间段;be away“离开”表示延续性状态,可接时间段。故选D。
47.B
【详解】句意:——这本书你借了多久了?——两年了。
考查动词时态和延续性动词。根据回答“For two years.”可知,时态用现在完成时,排除C;bought买,短暂性动词;kept保留,延续性动词,how long常与延续性动词连用,故选B。
48.C
【详解】句意:我最好的朋友已经离开很多年了。我非常想念他。
考查延续性动词。left“离开”,短暂性动词;moved from“从……搬走”,短暂性动词;been away from“离开”,延续性动词。根据“for many years”可知需用延续性动词,C符合语境。故选C。
49.B
【详解】句意:—— 你离开家乡有多久了?—— 从十年前开始。
考查延续性动词。left离开,表动作;be away from离开,表状态;come back to回来;gave to送给。根据“How long”和“have”可知,句子是现在完成时,且此空用延续性动词,因此“been away from”符合句意。故选B。
50.D
【详解】句意:万达广场已经开业多年,但我只去过一次。
考查动词时态。for+一段时间,动词要用延续性动词,open是短暂性动词,对应的延续性动词是be open,排除A和B选项。has gone to去了某地(还未回来);has been to去过某地(已回来)。根据“but I … there only once.”可知,曾经去过,现在已经回来,故选D。
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