Unit13 短文填空15篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，必要时可加助动词或情态动词 (每空1—3词)。
This is the year 2070. Today is my 1 (fifty) birthday, but I look like a person of eighty-five. I have serious kidney (肾脏) problems because I don’t have enough water 2 (drink). I am afraid I don’t have much time left to live. I’m already one of the oldest people in this society.
I remember when I 3 (be) five years old, everything was very different. There were lots of trees in the parks. I could enjoy a shower for half 4 hour. At that time, 5 (woman) all had beautiful hair. Now, we have to shave (剃光) our heads to keep them clean without the use of water.
I remember there were “Saving Water” warnings in many public places, but nobody 6 (pay) attention. We believed water would last forever. Now, all the rivers and lakes are either dry (枯竭的) or polluted. Water is much 7 (expensive) than gold and diamonds.
In the past, doctors suggested adults drink eight glasses of water a day. Nowadays, I am allowed half a glass only. Most people are weak and sick.
When my son asks me about my childhood, I tell him about how pleasant it was to fish in the rivers and how healthy people were. When he asks, “Why is there no clean water now ” I feel guilty (有罪的). I belong to those people who simply turned a blind eye to all the warnings.
I hope the people living in the 2020s 8 (true) understand the importance of saving water.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Life today is much 9 （easy）than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of 10 biggest problems is pollution. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious 11 there were not so many people. However, as there are more people, the land will be used up and the river is dirtier than before. The problem was 12 serious that more than 700 million people around the world have trouble 13 （get）clean, safe water.
Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water 14 us. 75% of our planet is covered with water 15 comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. Since the 2010s, more than 19,000 factories 16 （build） around the world to make water safe to drink.
Many countries are making rules 17 （fight）pollution. They stop people 18 putting dirty things into the water. The earth is our home. We must keep the land, water and air clean.
At 8, 844. 43 meters high, Mount Qomolangma is 19 (tall) mountain in the world. While it is famous 20 its challenging hike, parts of the mountain are facing a problem: garbage. Every year, thousands of 21 (visit) throw away tons of trash, including soda cans (罐) and plastic bags.
According to the UN, over 140 tons of trash have been left on the mountain. To reduce (减少) trash, China is limiting (限制) the number of people 22 can climb the mountain’s north side. Only 300 people will 23 (allow) to climb it each year, and only during spring.
Local residents (居民) cleaned the mountain last year, removing trash at a height of 5, 200 meters. They 24 (collect) about 8. 4 metric tons of trash, according to figures from the Tibet autonomous region’s government (西藏自治区人民政府).
This year, the local government plans 25 (spend) 4 million yuan on a new clean-up campaign, setting up stations to sort, recycle 26 break down garbage collected from the mountain.
In addition to trash, workers will also collect the bodies of 27 (die) climbers. As of the 2019 climbing season, more than 300 people have died on Qomolangma, with 12 deaths this year.
28 group of artists will try to turn some trash into artwork. They will show these works locally, to remind people not to leave trash when climbing the mountain.
Boyan Slat has one huge goal. It's a goal that could be good for people and a 29 all over the world. Amazingly, it looks like he's going to m 30 his goal.
When he was 16, Dutch engineering student Slat was on vacation in Greece, and he started to think about all the rubbish that is p 31 onto beaches by water. The oceans around the world are all of plastic—millions of tons of plastic. Unfortunately, plastic doesn't just disappear. It takes c 32 to break down (分解).
The p 33 situation of the oceans is bad and worrying and Slat wanted to do something to change it. So he made it a personal goal to clean up the rubbish in the world's oceans.
Slat started with an idea for an unusual m 34 to "catch" the plastic floating (漂浮) in the water using the natural energy of the ocean. He left school in 2013 to begin work on his project The Ocean Cleanup. Soon, the project r 35 a lot of attention.
A year later, he was leading a team of 100 scientists and engineers working on the invention. Slat needed money for this, so he started asking people to d 36 to his project online and raised over $ 2 million!
Soon after, Slat was named a "Champion of the Earth" by the United Nations for his meaningful and v 37 work. It's the most important title the UN gives to people helping the environment. The Ocean Cleanup also won several awards (奖项) for having one of the best inventions of 2015. But the d 38 goes on for Slat. He hopes that the oceans will be free of plastic in about twenty or thirty years.
Yuhang is a district（区）in Hangzhou. It is 39 （know）for oil paper umbrellas for over 230 years. But in the 1970s, they were no longer 40 （produce）as steel-ribbed（钢骨的）umbrellas became more popular.
In 2015, Liu Weixue gave up his job to learn from his grandfather the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas as a designer（设计师）. “I fell in love 41 the art at a very young age. I want to bring it to life,” Liu said. “When it rains, someone uses the umbrella—that’s 42 I want to see.”
There are more than 70 steps, including making bamboo ribs and pasting paper. It takes at least a week 43 （make）an umbrella.
Liu improved the umbrellas to win the hearts of young people. As the traditional paper breaks 44 （easy）, he used thicker paper. In a test, his umbrellas were opened and closed 1,000 times without 45 （break）. He uses a 46 （light）kind of bamboo to make the ribs, so the umbrellas weigh less. As young people like hand-painted pictures, he invited painters to draw 47 （pattern）on the umbrella cover. Since online shopping is popular, Liu opened 48 online shop to sell umbrellas. It now has more than 80,000 followers. Still, Liu doesn’t hurry. To ensure the quality（质量）, his studio makes only 1,000 umbrellas each year.
Liu hopes the art will be passed on. He goes to local schools to teach students and shows up at events in different places to promote（推广）the art.
请用适当的词完成这篇短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Many people like pandas 49 they are shy, gentle and interesting.They live 50 wet and warm places such as Sichuan and Gansu. 51 used to be many pandas in the past, and 52 lived in the east of China.But now pandas are one of the 53 animals in China.They are 54 fewer and fewer.We are 55 to save pandas.We should establish more reserves 56 pandas.We must let more people know about their 57 .I believe there will be more pandas in 58 future.
Travel can teach kids more than a textbook. Travelling with kids is good r 59 them. They can find new interests. Travel makes information alive for kids, and makes it much more exciting than studying textbooks or d 60 experiments in the lab. While travelling, they learn h 61 to deal with new situations, and communicate with other people. They learn patience, because sometimes i 62 takes a long time to get to some exciting or interesting places.
I've been travelling since I was seven years old. For me, to stop travelling would be like taking something a 63 from my soul(灵魂).1 can't live without travelling and I wouldn't be who I am if I don't travel. Some people think it's h 64 to travel after having kids. But in my opinion, when people become parents, it doesn’t m 65 they couldn't travel any more. My children have been travelling since they were three weeks old.
Bringing a new life into the world comes with many responsibilities(责任)and I'd love to be a good mother. One of my duties is to e 66 my children. I'm so thankful that my parents took me on family trips when I was y 67 . I've learned that the outside world is more colorful than the little one I was living in. Of course, I want to pass these travel e 68 on to my children.
I value the memories I have travelling with my children, I'm sure they will always remember them in their lives.
根据短文内容,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
It’s easy for people to 69 (catch) cold in winter or spring. But we can also do a lot
70 (stay) healthy. Here is some advice. Wash your hands often, and it will stop germs (细菌)
71 (pass) from one person to another. 72 (not use) your hands when coughing. Use a tissue (纸巾), and then throw it away at once. Turn your head away from people near you when you 73 (cough) (咳嗽). Get some fresh air. Germs like staying in wet and warm room. So you’d better 74 (keep) your window open at night when you are sleeping, or you 75 (not have) enough fresh air. If flu (流感) is going around your house or school, you should 76 (try) to stay away from those who 77 (be) ill. Remember 78 (boil) your towel (毛巾) for about a minute to kill germs.
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Global warming is a big problem that we are facing now. We should do something 79 stop it. Planting more trees is one of the best ways. Trees can remove carbon dioxide 80 the air and stop global warming. According to a news report, China is doing a great job of “greening”. For example, 81 1962, China has been planting trees in Saihanba, Hebei Province. It was once a dessert. But now, China has turned the area into the country’s largest man-made forest. Today, many Chinese people have joined in Ant Forest to plant their 82 virtual (虚拟的) trees. 83 the virtual trees are big enough, Ant Forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world. In this way, many trees have been planted in the world.
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、 意思完整。每空限填一词。
Lin Ping, a young traveler, loves travelling by bike. In April, 2017, he rode to Tibet. “I thought Tibet was very clean, 84 the rubbish on the road made my heart hurt.” Lin said, “It isn’t the Tibet in my heart. So I want to do 85 to help change the situation.” In April, 2018, Lin set off to Tibet again. He rode along the Sichuan-Tibet Highway and 86 up rubbish all day long. Sometimes he had to walk more than twenty miles 87 days of bad weather to collect rubbish. Lin’s behavior moved a lot of people and more and more people joined him. The head 88 a hospital in Hangzhou flew to Tibet to join him after he knew Lin’s story. An organization (组织) even bought him a truck and sent three workers to help him. Lin hopes to encourage more people to protect the environment in this way.
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺，连贯。
Look at the Earth from space. Our planet looks very blue 89 water covers almost three quarters of the Earth’s surface (表面). Water is not just 90 important part of our planet but part of our bodies, too. Our bodies lose water whenever we exercise or go to the toilet. That’s why we need to drink lots of water every day.
Since the 1950s, the amount (数量) of water that people use has 91 (increase) by three times. But the water supply (供应) hasn’t. Scientists worry that soon there won’t be enough water for 92 (we). I am afraid we have to pay 93 this. What can we do to help Use water 94 (wise).
Not having enough water isn’t our only problem. We must try to make it clean first. Right now, ships and 95 (factory) are putting waste into seas, rivers and so on. The pollution can make the water dangerous to drink and even be 96 (harm) to human beings. We must 97 (take) action to stop it. It’s one of the 98 (good) ways to protect water resource.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
When you are in Beijing, you may see a cartoon image of a cute baby octopus (章鱼). 99 (it) name is Fenxiaomeng. As the mascot (吉祥物) of garbage sorting (垃圾分类) in Beijing, it is 100 popular that you can almost see it everywhere in Beijing.
The mascot 101 (create) by Zhang Zixia last October, a 12-year-old boy from Beijing. When he talked about his mascot, he said 102 (happy), “Now since Fenxiaomeng has become the mascot, I want 103 (keep) it alive by encouraging more people to take part in garbage sorting. ”
Zhang also started 104 green project called “Fenxiaomeng Is in Action”. He and his schoolmates went to communities to spread waste-sorting knowledge. Besides, last month they handed out 2,000 shopping bags. These are beautiful bags 105 Fenxiaomeng on them. They also sell old things for money to plant 106 (tree) in Beijing.
According to Zhang, protecting the environment can be difficult 107 fun. He will keep on doing it because this is what he likes. “I hope 108 (many) and more people will join me and Fenxiaomeng in the future,” said Zhang.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填上一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
World Cleanup Day is a special day when people come together to clean up the environment. It fell on September 16th this year. This event was started years ago and has grown into a worldwide movement.
Many different kinds of activities can 109 (do) by people on World Cleanup Day. Some people might pick up litter in their local parks or neighborhoods. Some might clean up rivers or 110 (beach). Others might organize activities in their communities to help protect wildlife, prevent water 111 (pollute), and keep communities safe and healthy.
Many people enjoy celebrating World Cleanup Day 112 it is a chance to make a difference in their communities. By 113 (work) together with friends and neighbors, they can have a good influence on the environment.
There are many different ways 114 people can get involved in (参与) World Cleanup Day. Some people might take part 115 local cleanup events organized by community groups.
Others might organize their events and invite friends and family to join them. No matter 116 people choose to become involved, the important thing is that they are taking action to help protect the environment.
So if you are 117 (interest) in helping to make the world a cleaner and 118 (good) place, why not get involved in World Cleanup Day
词语运用。
Simon Dale didn’t want to live in a city’s apartment building. So he made 119 his mind to build his own home in the countryside. He moved to Wales with his wife and two 120 (child). With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a 121 (comfort) wooden eco-house after only four months. 122 (he) family loves this house which only cost ＄4,700.
123 eco-house is made of natural materials. Simon Dale and his father-in-law 124 (dig) into the side of a hill and then used the mud and stone to make the walls. The 125 (two) floor is made from wood from the nearby area. The design is open-plan. There is no central heating, 126 there’s a wood-burner and solar panels (太阳能电板) on the top that can provide power for lighting, music and computing. Drinking water is from a nearby spring. The fridge stays cool, thanks 127 the air from under the ground. Simon Dale says, “We try to live in peace with the natural world.” He has 128 (certain) done his best to achieve that.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式，每空不多于三个单词。
A
I am a plastic bottle. A week ago, I was on a supermarket shelf. I had a normal life, the same as all my brothers and sisters — other bottles full 129 water. I felt really happy.
Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the fridge. I felt cold, 130 I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. However, only a few hours later, she took me out of the fridge and 131 (drink) the water inside me. Then she threw me into a bin. I have never felt so empty in my life.
Early the next morning, a man took me out of the bin. He threw me and the other rubbish into the back of a truck. Then I 132 (push) together with the rest of the rubbish. Soon I became much thinner.
I slept for a while. When I woke up, 1 found myself in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and there were so many terrible smells. I felt afraid. I kept 133 (expect) that I would be moved somewhere else. Then huge trucks came and covered us with a layer (层) of soil.
I asked another bottle what would happen to us. He said that we would never leave this terrible 134 (crowd) place, but would have to stay here for thousands of years.
“Why can’t they 135 (use) or recycle us ” I cried.
参考答案：
1．fiftieth 2．to drink 3．was 4．an 5．women 6．paid 7．more expensive 8．truly
【分析】本文介绍了2070年将是什么样子。所有的河流和湖泊要么干涸，要么被污染。水比黄金和钻石贵得多。作者希望生活在21世纪20年代的人们真正明白节约用水的重要性。
1．句意：今天是我的五十岁生日，但我看起来像一个八十五岁的人。fifty“五十”，修饰birthday，用序数词，故填fiftieth。
2．句意：我有严重的肾脏问题，因为我没有足够的水喝。drink“喝”，此处作后置定语，用动词不定式，故填to drink。
3．句意：我记得我五岁的时候，一切都很不一样。be“是”，根据“was”可知，此处用一般过去时，主语I是第一人称单数，谓语用单数形式，故填was。
4．句意：我可以享受半小时的淋浴。hour是单数可数名词，是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。
5．句意：那个时候，女人们都有漂亮的头发。woman“妇女”，根据“all”可知，此处用复数名词，故填women。
6．句意：我记得在许多公共场所有“节约用水”的警告，但没有人注意。pay“付出，支付”，根据“were”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填paid。
7．句意：水比黄金和钻石贵得多。expensive“昂贵的”，是形容词，根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，故填more expensive。
8．句意：我希望生活在21世纪20年代的人们真正理解节约用水的重要性。true“真正的”，是形容词，修饰动词understand，用副词，故填truly。
9．easier 10．the 11．because 12．so 13．getting 14．for 15．that/which 16．have been built 17．to fight 18．from
【分析】本文介绍了随着社会的发展，污染问题也随之产生，最后呼吁大家要爱护地球这个家园。
9．句意：今天的生活比几百年前容易多了，但它也带来了新的问题。此处是与几百年前对比，要用形容词easy的比较级easier。故填easier。
10．句意：最大的问题之一是污染。“one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数”是英语中最高级的固定搭配。表示“……是……中最……之一”。故填the。
11．句意：许多年前，这个问题没有那么严重，因为没有那么多人。空后句子是空前污染问题不严重的原因。故填because。
12．句意：这个问题如此的严重，以至于在这个世界上超过7亿的人在的到干净安全的水这方面有困难。英语“so...that”意思为“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，结合上下文可知，污染太严重，导致了很多人得不到干净安全的水。故填so。
13．句意：这个问题如此的严重，以至于在这个世界上超过7亿的人在的到干净安全的水这方面有困难。have trouble doing sth.“做某事有困难”。故填getting。
14．句意：处理废水是为我们提供干净水的好方法。provide sth for sb“为某人提供某物”，固定搭配。故填for。
15．句意：地球上75%的面积被来自河流、湖泊、冰雪的水所覆盖。结合语境可知，此处为定语从句，water为先行词，that/which为关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。故填that/which。
16．句意：自2010年代以来，世界各地已经建造了19000多家工厂，以确保水的安全饮用。根据语境可知，“自……以来，到现在为止”，句子需要使用现在完成时；工厂被建立，句子为被动语态；factories为复数。故填have been built。
17．句意：许多国家正在制定规则对抗污染。制定规则的目的是fight pollution，表示目的，用to fight。故填to fight。
18．句意：他们阻止人们把脏东西放入水中。stop sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，固定搭配。故填from。
19．the tallest 20．for 21．visitors 22．who/that 23．be allowed 24．have collected/collected 25．to spend 26．and 27．dead 28．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰有很多垃圾，政府已经采取很多措施清除垃圾，艺术家也通过艺术作品提醒人们不要丢垃圾。
19．句意：珠穆朗玛峰高8844.43米，是世界上最高的山峰。根据“in the world”可知是世界上最高的山，用最高级tallest，最高级前加定冠词the。故填the tallest。
20．句意：虽然它以具有挑战性的徒步旅行而闻名，但该山的部分地区却面临着一个问题：垃圾。be famous for“因为……而闻名”。故填for。
21．句意：每年，成千上万的游客丢弃成吨的垃圾，包括汽水罐和塑料袋。根据“thousands of...”可知是游客，visitor“游客”，用名词复数。故填visitors。
22．句意：为了减少垃圾，中国正在限制登山北侧的人数。句子是定语从句，先行词是people，关系词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
23．句意：每年只有300人被允许攀登，而且只有在春天。主语people和谓语allow之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填be allowed。
24．句意：根据西藏自治区政府的数据，他们已经收集了大约8.4公吨的垃圾。collect“收集”，根据“about 8.4 metric tons of trash”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done，主语是They，助动词用have，也可采用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故填(have) collected。
25．句意：今年，当地政府计划花费400万元进行一场新的清理运动，建立垃圾站，对从山上收集的垃圾进行分类、回收和分解。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”。故填to spend。
26．句意：今年，当地政府计划花费400万元进行一场新的清理运动，建立垃圾站，对从山上收集的垃圾进行分类、回收和分解。根据“sort, recycle...break down garbage...”可知此处表示并列动作，用and连接。故填and。
27．句意：除了垃圾，工作人员还将收集登山者的尸体。修饰名词climbers用形容词dead“死的”。故填dead。
28．句意：一群艺术家将尝试把一些垃圾变成艺术品。根据“group of artists”可知是一群艺术家，a group of“一群”。故填A。
29．animals 30．meet 31．pushed 32．centuries 33．present 34．machine 35．received 36．donate 37．valuable 38．dream
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是柏杨·史莱特看到海上的垃圾受到启发，立下一个目标：清理全世界海洋的垃圾。他努力朝着自己的目标努力，并被誉为“地球卫士”，他的发明也获得了多个奖项。
29．句意：这个目标可能有利于全世界的人和动物。
根据“So he made it a personal goal to clean up the rubbish in the world's oceans.”可知，他的目标是清理海洋垃圾，结合所给首字母a可推断，此处表达的是：这不仅有益于人类也有益于动物，animal动物，名词复数表示泛指，故答案是animals。
30．句意：令人惊讶的是，他好像要实现他的目标了。
根据上文说到他有一个目标以及“Amazingly”可推断，这里要表达的是要实现这个目标了，meet one’s goal实现某人的目标，固定短语，故答案是meet。
31．句意：他开始思考所有被水冲到海滩上的垃圾。
根据句意和常识可知，这里指的是垃圾被水冲到海滩上，结合所给的首字母p可联想到，具有该意思单词是push；本句是一般现在时的被动语态，所以push要变成过去分词pushed，故答案是pushed。
32．句意：它需要花上几个世纪才能分解。
根据句型“It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”可知，空处填的是表示时间的词；结合常识可知，有些塑料垃圾需要几百年才可能被分解，空处缺少的信息是：几百年；根据首字母提示，符合词意的单词是century百年，因为是概数，需要用复数表泛指，故答案是centuries。
33．句意：海洋的现状很不好，令人非常担心，于是史莱特想做点什么来改变它。
根据上文“Unfortunately, plastic doesn't just disappear. It takes centuries to break down.”可知，这里讲的是海洋的现状很糟糕，很令人担忧，空处缺少的信息是：现在的，当前的；根据首字母提示，符合词意的单词是present，故答案是present。
34．句意：史莱特开始于一个想法，用一个不寻常的机器利用海洋的天然能源来“抓住”飘在水里的垃圾。
根据“working on the invention”和“catch”可知，这里指的是可以抓垃圾的发明，结合常识和首字母推断，这里应该是机器machine；根据空前的“an”可知，此处用单数，故答案是machine。
35．句意：很快，这个项目受到了很多人的关注。
根据句意可知，这里指的是受到了许多人的关注，结合首字母，符合词意的单词是receive，因这里讲的是过去的事情，所以用过去式received，故答案是received。
36．句意：史莱特需要钱来做这个，所以他开始号召人们在网上为他的项目募捐，并筹集了超过200万美元！
根据“ raised over $ 2 million”可知，空格处指的是募捐，结合首字母，符合词意的单词是donate，ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事，to后跟动词原形，故答案是donate。
37．句意：不久之后，史莱特因其有意义且有价值的工作被联合国任命为“地球卫士”。
根据“Champion of the Earth”可知，能授予这个称号，一定是这个发明是有意义有价值的，空处应该是有价值的，valuable有价值的，故答案是valuable。
38．句意：但是史莱特的梦想仍在继续。
根据上文可知，他已经受到肯定并获得了许多奖项，空前有个“but”，结合“He hopes that the oceans will be free of plastic in about twenty or thirty years.”可知，他的梦想仍在继续，dream梦想，根据“goes on”可知，此处用单数，故答案是dream。
39．known 40．produced 41．with 42．what 43．to make 44．easily 45．breaking 46．lighter 47．patterns 48．an
【分析】本文讲述余杭油纸伞很出名，刘伟学放弃高薪的工作学习这门传统的艺术，并进行了改进，后来他开了工作室，对油纸伞进行改进并且质量得到了提高。为了保证质量，他的工作室每年只生产1000把雨伞。
39．句意：杭州余杭以制造油纸伞而闻名，已有230多年的历史。be known for“因……而出名”。故填known。
40．句意：但到了20世纪70年代，随着钢骨雨伞越来越流行，油纸伞就停产了。主语“they”和谓语“produce生产”之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词produced和前面的be动词构成被动语态。故填produced。
41．句意：我在很小的时候就爱上了这门艺术。fall in love with“爱上……”。故填with。
42．句意：那正是我想看见的。句子是表语从句，从句中缺少“see”的宾语，用what引导表语从句。故填what。
43．句意：制作一把雨伞至少需要一周时间。make“制作”，it takes time to do sth.“做某事花费多长时间”，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to make。
44．句意：由于传统的纸张容易破损，他使用了较厚的纸张。修饰动词“breaks”用副词easily“容易地”。故填easily。
45．句意：在一次测试中，他的雨伞被打开和关闭了1000次而没有断裂。介词without后加动名词breaking“破裂”。故填breaking。
46．句意：他用更轻的竹子做竹伞骨，这样伞就轻了。根据“the umbrellas weigh less”可知伞更轻的原因是用了更轻的竹子，故此处用形容词比较级lighter“更轻的”作定语。故填lighter。
47．句意：由于年轻人喜欢手绘，他请画家在伞盖上画图案。pattern“图案”，且不止一个图案，名词用复数。故填patterns。
48．句意：由于网购盛行，刘开了一家网店卖雨伞。此处泛指“一家网店”，online以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
49．because 50．in 51．There 52．they 53．endangered 54．becoming 55．trying 56．for 57．situation 58．the
【分析】本文介绍了许多人喜欢熊猫是因为它们害羞、温柔、有趣。在文中介绍了大熊猫的生活环境，过去很多，现在为什么越来越少。文章呼吁我们应该为大熊猫建立更多的保护区。必须让更多的人了解他们的处境。作者相信将来会有更多的熊猫。
49．句意：许多人喜欢熊猫是因为它们害羞、温柔、有趣。句子they are shy, gentle and interesting. 它们害羞、温柔、有趣。可知，这是人们喜欢熊猫的原因。因此填：because。
50．句意：他们生活在潮湿温暖的地方，如四川和甘肃。wet and warm places such as Sichuan and Gansu是表示地点的，生活在某地，用介词in，live in“生活在”的意思。故填：in。
51．句意：过去有很多大熊猫。本题考查there be 结构。There used to be指“过去有”，本题的语境是“过去有很多大熊猫。” 因此用there。首字母要大写。故答案为There。
52．句意：他们住在中国东部。本题缺少主语，又指代上文的many pandas，因此用主格代词they。故填：they。
53．句意：但现在大熊猫是中国濒临灭绝的动物之一。由下文的句子They are 　　6　　 fewer and fewer. 他们越来越少了。可知，本题的语境是：现在的大熊猫是中国濒临灭绝的动物之一。因此填：endangered濒危的。
54．句意：他们越来越少了。结合语境可知，本题填become。分析句子They are 　　6　　 fewer and fewer. 的结构可知，本题的时态为现在进行时，其结构为be+动词的-ing形式。故答案为becoming。
55．句意：我们正在努力拯救熊猫。结合语境可知，本题填try。try to do sth. 设法做某事；分析句子We are　　7　　 to save pandas. 的结构可知，本题的时态为现在进行时，其结构为be+动词的-ing形式。故答案为trying。
56．句意：我们应该为大熊猫建立更多的保护区。结合语境可知，本题填介词for，establish more reserves for pandas为熊猫建立更多的保护区，用for表示目的。故答案为for。
57．句意：我们必须让更多的人了解他们的处境。由上文的叙述可知，大熊猫越来越少了，现在的大熊猫是中国濒临灭绝的动物之一。说明他们的生活环境不好。因此本题用situation。语境是“我们必须让更多的人了解他们的处境。” 故填：situation处境。
58．句意：我相信将来会有更多的熊猫。介词和名词之间应该有一个冠词， 固定短语in the future“在将来”的意思。故答案为the。
【分析】短文填空题，是最近这几年英语的常考题型之一。该题型旨在考查考生的基础知识的熟练程度、对语篇整体的把握和理解能力、能够灵活运用语法和词汇知识的能力以及综合运用英语语言的能力。做这类试题时，首先就要通读短文，围绕中心意思，全盘综合考虑来确定词义；同时，还要注意语篇中名词的单复数形式、短语动词的固定搭配、主谓语人称和数的一致、谓语动词的时态和语态以及非谓语动词的运用等语法知识的使用。
短文填空题的解题技巧。
一、纵观全文，浏览图画细节，抓住关键词，遵循语义适用原则。
解题技巧1：根据前后句的意思，推敲所需要填写的单词。
二、注重句子结构、词语搭配、句型结构以及人称、时态、语态的变化，遵循正确的语法规则。
解题技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词 (冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。
解题技巧3：名词或代词在句中不做主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。
解题技巧4：形容词前面应填系动词，系动词后面则填形容词。
解题技巧5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，有逗号隔开，则考虑填转折连词；没分号，考虑填并列连词或从属连词。
解题技巧6：熟练最常见的固定的搭配和固定句式结构。
解题技巧7：根据语篇的语态或时态，填写单词的正确的形式。
三、总结
对于如何提高短文填空的准确率，考生除了具备一定的词汇能力，关键是还要掌握并能熟练运用我们在整个初中所学的语法知识。俗话说：“熟能生巧。”考生只要在平常多练，并及时归纳方法和掌握答题技巧，一定能提高短文填空的得分率。
59．for 60．doing 61．how 62．it 63．away 64．hard 65．mean 66．educate 67．young 68．experiences
【分析】文章介绍了旅游对孩子的好处，也介绍了作者父母在他小时候带他旅游给他的影响。
59．句意：陪孩子旅游对他们有好处。根据be good for对---有好处，和首字母；故填for
60．句意：旅行比学书本和在实验室做实验有趣多了。根据do experiments和首字母，可知是做实验，根据 or前后一致性，根据studying；故填doing
61．句意：在旅行时，他们学会怎么处理新情况。根据how to deal with怎么处理，和首字母；故填how
62．句意：有时去使人激动的和有趣的地方需要花费很长时间。根据it takes some time to do sth.做某事花费多长时间；故填it
63．句意：停止旅游就像从我灵魂中拿走某样东西。根据take away拿走，和首字母；故填away
64．句意：有些人认为有了孩子后很难去旅行。根据 it doesn’t m　　7　　they couldn’t travel any more和首字母，可知是难的；故填hard
65．句意：这不意味着我们不能旅行。根据 My children have been traveling since they were three weeks old.和首字母，可知是意味着；故填 mean
66．句意：我的责任之一就是教育孩子。根据Bringing a new life into the world comes with many responsibilities（责任）和首字母，可知是教育；故填educate
67．句意：我如此感激我的父母在我小的时候带我去旅游。根据I’m so thankful that my parents took me on family trips和.I’ve learned that the outside world以及首字母；可知是小的，年轻的；故填young
68．句意：我想把我的旅行经历传递给我的孩子。根据I’ve learned that the outside world is more colorful than the little one I was living in.和首字母，可知是经历，用复数表示一类；故填experiences
69．catch 70．to stay 71．passing 72．Don’t use 73．are coughing / cough 74．keep 75．won’t have 76．try 77．are 78．to boil
【分析】在冬季和春季人们经常感冒。文章介绍几种预防感冒保持健康的方法。勤洗手；咳嗽流鼻涕时用纸巾；呼吸新鲜空气；晚上睡觉最好关窗户；远离感冒的人。
69．It is+adj. for sb.+to do sth.对某人来说做某事怎么样。此处动词不定式作主语。应填：catch.
70．句意：但是我们能做很多来保持健康。此处需用动词不定式作目的状语。应填：to stay.
71．句意 ：它将阻止细菌从一个人传给另一个人。stop+宾语+doing sth.阻止某人做某事。应填：passing.
72．句意：当你咳嗽的时候，不要用手。此句为否定祈使句，否定祈使句的构成为：动词原形+其他。应填：Don’t use.
73．句意：当你咳嗽的时候，头转向一边。由语境可知时间状语从句可以一般现在时或现在进行时。应填：are coughing / cough.
74．句意：晚上当你睡觉的时候，你最好关窗。否则你将得不到新鲜的空气。You’d better do sth.你最好做某事。
75．句意：晚上当你睡觉的时候，你最好关窗。否则你将得不到新鲜的空气。由语境可知此句为一般将来时。应填：won’t get.
76．句意：如果你家和学校周围发生流感，你应该努力远离那些得病的人。should应该，情态动词后接动词原形。应填：try.
If flu (流感) is going around your house or school, you should 　　8　　(try) to stay away from those who 　　9　　(be) ill.
77．句意：如果你家和学校周围发生流感，你应该努力远离那些得病的人。定语从句中关系代词who指代的是those“那些人”be动词需用are。应填：are.
78．句意：记住把毛巾煮一分钟去灭菌。remember to do sth.记着去做某事。应填：to boil.
79．to 80．from 81．since 82．own 83．When
【分析】本文主要介绍了中国为阻止全球变暖在全球所做的绿化工作。
79．句意：我们应该做点什么来阻止它（全球变暖）。根据“We should do something…stop it.”的句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式结构。故填to。
80．句意：树木可以去除空气中的二氧化碳，阻止全球变暖。remove…from…“从……中去除……”，固定词组。故填from。
81．句意：例如，自1962年以来，中国一直在河北省塞罕坝植树。根据空后的“China has been planting trees in Saihanba, Hebei Province”可知，句子是现在完成时，表示自1962年以来，应用since。故填since。
82．句意：今天，许多中国人加入蚂蚁森林种植他们自己的虚拟树。one’s own“自己的”，固定词组。故填own。
83．句意：当虚拟树足够大时，蚂蚁森林将在世界的某个地方种植真正的树。根据“… the virtual trees are big enough, Ant Forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world.”可知，从句动作发生在主句之前，且时态遵循“主将从现”原则，所以此处表示当虚拟树足够大时。故填When。
84．but 85．something 86．picked 87．on 88．of
【分析】本文介绍了一个年轻的旅行者在川藏公路上捡垃圾的感人行为。
84．句意：我原以为西藏很干净，但路上的垃圾让我心痛。前后句是转折关系，应用but连接，故填but。
85．句意：所以我想做点什么来帮助改变这种状况。根据“So I want to do...to help change the situation”可知，他想做点什么来改变路上都是垃圾这种情况，肯定句应用something，故填something。
86．句意：他整天骑着车在川藏公路上捡垃圾。根据“up rubbish”可知，是指捡垃圾。pick up“捡起”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填picked。
87．句意：有时他不得不在天气不好的日子里走二十多英里去收垃圾。根据“days of bad weather”可知，是指在天气不好的日子，具体的某一天前面用介词on。故填on。
88．句意：杭州一家医院的负责人在知道了林的故事后飞往西藏加入他。根据“The head...a hospital”可知，是指医院的院长，应用of所有格结构，故填of。
89．because 90．an 91．increased 92．us 93．for 94．wisely 95．factories 96．harmful 97．take 98．best
【分析】本文介绍了水资源对我们的重要性，以及它现在所面临的问题，呼吁人们要珍惜水资源。
89．句意：我们的星球看起来很蓝，因为水几乎覆盖了地球表面的四分之三。根据“water covers almost three quarters of the Earth’s surface”可知，水几乎覆盖了地球表面的四分之三是地球看起来很蓝的原因，因此应用连词because来引导原因状语从句。故填because。
90．句意：水不仅是我们星球的重要组成部分，也是我们身体的一部分。此处表泛指，且important为元音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词an来限定。故填an。
91．句意：自20世纪50年代以来，人们的用水量增加了三倍。根据“Since the 1950s”和“has”可知句子应用现在完成时，因此应用increase的过去分词increased。故填increased。
92．句意：科学家们担心很快就会没有足够的水给我们。介词for后接人称代词we的宾格us。故填us。
93．句意：恐怕我们得为此买单。pay for“为……支付”，故填for。
94．句意：理智地用水。use为动词，此处应用wise的副词wisely来修饰动词use。故填wisely。
95．句意：现在，船舶和工厂正在将废物排入海洋、河流等。根据谓语动词are可知此处应用factory的复数形式factories。故填factories。
96．句意：污染会使水变得不能饮用，甚至对人类有害。be harmful to“对……有害”，故填harmful。
97．句意：我们必须采取行动来阻止它。情态动词must后接动词原形，故填take。
98．句意：这是保护水资源的最佳方式。根据定冠词the可知此处应用形容词good的最高级best。故填best。
99．Its 100．so 101．was created 102．happily 103．to keep 104．a 105．with 106．trees 107．but 108．more
【分析】这篇文章介绍了北京的垃圾分类吉祥物“分小萌”，以及创造者张子夏通过宣传垃圾分类知识和开展绿色项目来保护环境的故事。
99．句意：它叫分小萌。根据“name”可知此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填Its。
100．句意：作为北京垃圾分类的吉祥物，它很受欢迎以致于在北京几乎随处可见。根据“popular that you can almost see it everywhere in Beijing”可知此处考查so...that...“如此……以致于……”，故填so。
101．句意：这个吉祥物是去年10月由来自北京的12岁男孩张子夏创作的。根据“by Zhang Zixia last October”可知此处应为一般过去时的被动形式，主语“The mascot”是单数形式，故填was created。
102．句意：当谈到他的吉祥物时，他高兴地说：“现在，既然分小萌已经成为吉祥物，我想通过鼓励更多的人参与垃圾分类来保持它的生命力。”空缺处修饰动词“said”，应用副词形式，故填happily。
103．句意：当谈到他的吉祥物时，他高兴地说：“现在，既然分小萌已经成为吉祥物，我想通过鼓励更多的人参与垃圾分类来保持它的生命力。”根据“want”可知此处考查wnat to do sth“想要做某事”，故填to keep。
104．句意：张还开始了名为“分小萌在行动”的环保项目。根据“green project”可知此处修饰辅音音素开头的单数名词，故填a。
105．句意：这些是漂亮的包，上面都有分小萌。根据“These are beautiful bags...Fenxiaomeng on them.”可知此处指袋子上有吉祥物图案，故填with。
106．句意：他们还卖掉旧东西换钱在北京种树。根据“They also sell old things for money to plant...in Beijing.”可知要种树，根据常识可知不止一棵树，应用复数形式，故填trees。
107．句意：据张说，保护环境很困难，但很有趣。根据前后单词可知为转折关系，故填but。
108．句意：“我希望将来会有更多人加入我和分小萌的行列，”张说。根据“and more people”可知考查more and more people“越来越多的人”，故填more。
109．be done 110．beaches 111．pollution/being polluted 112．because 113．working 114．that/which 115．in 116．how 117．interested 118．better
【分析】本文主要介绍了世界清洁日，包括发展、活动及影响。
109．句意：在世界清洁日人们可以做许多不同类型的活动。主语activities与do之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态be done，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填be done。
110．句意：有些人可能会清理河流或海滩。beach“海滩”，空处用复数形式表泛指。故填beaches。
111．句意：其他人可能会在他们的社区组织活动，以帮助保护野生动物，防止水污染/水被污染，并保持社区安全和健康。此处是指水污染，water pollution“水污染”，空处用不可数名词pollution；此处也可表示防止水被污染，空处用被动语态be done，prevent doing sth“阻止做某事”，be用being。故填pollution/being polluted。
112．句意：许多人喜欢庆祝世界清洁日，因为这是一个改变他们社区的机会。分析句子可知，空前后句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
113．句意：通过与朋友和邻居一起工作，他们可以对环境产生好的影响。by doing sth“通过做某事”，空处用动名词形式。故填working。
114．句意：人们可以通过很多不同的方式参与世界清洁日。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是ways，指物，在从句中作宾语，引导词用that/which。故填that/which。
115．句意：有些人可能会参加由社区组织的当地清洁活动。take part in“参加”，固定短语。故填in。
116．句意：无论人们选择以何种方式参与其中，重要的是他们正在采取行动帮助保护环境。分析句子可知，此处是指人们无论选择何种方式参与，no matter how“无论怎样”，引导让步状语从句。故填how。
117．句意：所以，如果你有兴趣帮助使世界变得更干净，更美好的地方，为什么不参与世界清洁日？be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。
118．句意：所以，如果你有兴趣帮助使世界变得更干净，更美好的地方，为什么不参与世界清洁日？根据“cleaner and”可知，空处用比较级作定语，good的比较级为better。故填better。
119．up 120．children 121．comfortable 122．His 123．The 124．dug 125．second 126．but 127．to 128．certainly
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了西蒙·戴尔建造生态屋的故事。
119．句意：因此，他下定决心在乡下建造自己的家。此处是一个常用动词短语make up one’s mind to do sth“下决心做某事”。故填up。
120．句意：他带着妻子和两个孩子搬到了威尔士。根据“two”可知，空处应填chlid的名词复数形式children“孩子”。故填children。
121．句意：仅仅四个月后，在他当建筑师的岳父的帮助下，他搬进了舒服的新家。根据“wooden eco-house” 可知，空处应填comfort形容词形式comfortable“舒服的”，句中作定语修饰wooden eco-house。故填comfortable。
122．句意：他的家人喜欢这座只花了4700美元的房子。根据“famliy”可知，空处应填he的形容词性物主代词his“他的”，句中作定语修饰family，位于句首的单词首字母需大写。故填His。
123．句意：这个生态屋是由天然材料建造的。根据上文可知，上文提到过生态屋房，因此此处是特指上文提到的屋子，空处应填定冠词the，位于句首的单词首字母需大写。故填The。
124．句意：西蒙·戴尔和他的岳父挖掘了山坡的一侧，然后用泥土和石头建造了墙壁。根据全文可知，本文用一般过去时，空处应填dig的过去式形式dug“挖”。故填dug。
125．句意：第二层由附近地区的木材制成。根据“The…floor”和单词提示可知，此处指的是第二层，空处应填序数词second“第二”。故填second。
126．句意：没有中央供暖系统，但是有一个燃木炉和太阳能电池板。根据“There is no central heating,…there’s a wood-burner and solar panels (太阳能电板)…”可知，空处前后句表示转折关系，空处应填表示转折的连词but“但是”。故填but。
127．句意：多亏了地下的空气，冰箱才能保持凉爽。此处是一个常用短语thanks to“多亏了”。故填to。
128．句意：他当然尽全力完成。根据“He has…done his best to achieve that.”可知，has done为谓语动词，应用副词修饰，空处应填certain的副词形式certainly“当然的”。故填certainly。
129．of 130．but 131．drank 132．was pushed 133．expecting 134．crowded 135．reuse
【分析】本文是一个塑料瓶自述的经历，作者想以此来呼吁人们要回收利用塑料瓶，来保护环境。
129．句意：我过着正常的生活，和我所有的兄弟姐妹一样——其他的瓶子里装满了水。full of“装满，充满”，形容词短语，故填of。
130．句意：我觉得冷，但我很快就和里面的罐子和瓶子成了朋友。空格前后是转折关系，用but连接，故填but。
131．句意：然而，仅仅几个小时后，她就把我从冰箱里拿出来，喝了我里面的水。根据took可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填drank。
132．句意：然后我和其他垃圾一起被推到了一起。主语I与动词push之间是被动关系，整段都是描述过去发生的事情，所以此处用一般过去时被动语态，根据I可知，助动词用was，故填was pushed。
133．句意：我一直期待着我会被搬运到别的地方。keep doing sth“继续做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填expecting。
134．句意：他说我们永远不会离开这个可怕的拥挤的地方，而必须在这里待上几千年。此空修饰名词place，应填形容词crowded“拥挤的”作定语，故填crowded。
135．句意：为什么他们不能回收利用我们？根据“recycle us”以及提示词可知，此处指回收利用，reuse“重复使用”，can’t是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填reuse。

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