Module 7 English for you and me
重点短语归纳
1.according to+n./V-ing 根据，按照
2.work hard 努力工作
3.think about 考虑
4.as+adj./adv.原级+as 与 一样
5.be good at+n./V-ing=do well in+n./V-ing 擅长
6.at the beginning 首先，从一开始
7.make progress(不可数) in 在…方面取得进步
8.good enough 足够好
enough food 名词前 old enough 形容词/副词后
9.make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
10.keep (on) doing sth.继续做某事
11.continue to do sth. 继续做某事
12.at the same time 同时，然而
13.help sb. with sth.= help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事
14.1)be used as 被用作
2)be used for 被用来做……
3)be used to do 被用来做某事” 4)used to do 过去常常做某事
5)be used to + doing 习惯做 , to 是介词，后需加名词或动名词。
15.everyday use 日常使用
①everyday 形容词，名词前 ②every day 时间状语，句尾
17.a quarter of 四分之一three quarters of 四分之三a half of 二分之一
18.for example +一个句子 例如
such as + 两个或两个以上的词或者短语 例如
19.in the twentieth century 在 20 世纪 世纪表示法：in+the+序数词+century
20.borrow … from 向 借(借回)
lend ... to 借给(借出)
21.at least 至少 little-less 比-least 高
22.even though 即使，虽然
municate with 与 交流
24. so ...that... 如此...以至于...
25.set up 建立，开业
26.in order to + V-原 为了
so that + 句子(主谓宾) 为了
27.be proud of=take pride in 对 而自豪
28.be interested in …对…感兴趣 ed 修饰人，ing 修饰物
29.instead of +名词、代词、V-ing instead 置于句尾
30.go on with 继续，进行
31.on the earth 在世上，在地球上
on earth 究竟
32.be based on 以 为基础/根据
写作经典句型归纳
1.It’s also the subject that I’m best at, although my spoken English as not that good.
这也是我最擅长的科目，虽然我的英语口语还没那么好。
2.I can speak English with you whenever we meet.
无论我们合适见面，我都可以和你说英语。
3.How much progress do you think you’ve made in English this year, Lingling
玲玲，今年在英语方面你取得了多少进步？
4.I hope I can continue to make progress next year.
我希望明年我可以继续取得进步。
5.You mean those clubs where people go to practise their English
6.How did English become an international language
英语是怎样成为国际语言的？
7.As China continues to grow, many people think that Chinese will become as common as English by the middle of the twenty-first century.
随着中国的逐渐强大，许多人认为到 21 世纪中期，汉语将会和英语一样普遍使用。
8.The British, the Indians and the Chinese all help (to) make it a rich language.
英国人、印度人和中国人都帮助它（英语）成为一门丰富的语言。
9.We all own English. 我们都拥有英语。
词形变换归纳
1.fun(n.)-funny(adj.)
2.popular(adj.)-unpopular(adj.反义词)
3.difficult (adj.)-difficulty(n.)
4.enjoy (v.)-enjoyment(n.)-enjoyable(adj.)
5.mean(v.)-meant(p.)-meaning(n.)
6.happy (adj.)-happiness(n.)-unhappy(adj.反义词)-happily(adv.)
7.think (v.) —thought (p/p.p)—thought (n.思想)可数—thinker (n.思想家)
8.good(adj.)—well(adv.)—better(比较级)—best(最高级)
9.own(v.拥有)—owner(n.)
municate(v.沟通)—communication(n.)
11.recent (adj.近来)—recently(adv.) 12.Europe(n.欧洲)—European(adj.)
13.important (adj.重要的)—importance(n.)
14.foreign (adj.国外的)—foreigner(n.)
15.possible (adj.重要的)—possibly(adv.)—impossible(反义词)
16.use(v.)—useful(adj.有用的)—useless(adj.无用的)
精炼
一、短文填空
根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，每空一词。
“Where are the restroom ” or “Can you tell me where the restroom is ” are similar requests for directions. 1 are correct, but the first one sounds less polite. It is not enough to just ask a question 2 (correct). We also need to learn how to be polite when we ask 3 help. Polite questions are usually longer and sometimes they sound like a kind of request. It seems more difficult to speak 4 (polite), but it is very important 5 (learn) how to use the right language in different situations.
根据短文内容和所给的中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
Nowadays, a lot of schools in the U.S. are teaching Chinese, and Woodstock is one of them. The schools want to 6 (准备) a better future for students who are likely to work in China . 7 (生意) in China is growing so fast. And more and more Americans 8 (期待) that trend to go on.
The U.S. government is trying to make more 9 (公众的) schools teach Chinese. China is giving some help, too. The Chinese government has donated a large number of 10 (课本) to U.S. schools. Some of the schools are also joining in China-US Teacher Exchange Program. “It is 11 (必须的) for you to learn Chinese and Chinese culture,” Mary Smith, the headmaster of Woodstock said to students.“More chances will be waiting for you.”
China has the largest 12 (人口) in the world. More people speak Chinese than any other language in the world, yet the language is one of the most difficult to learn. It doesn’t look or 13 (听起来) anything like English. You can’t speak out Chinese words 14 (直接地). Reading a Chinese 15 (报纸) needs people to know about 3000 characters. However, all the hard work can’t stop young learners.
Today, about 50,000 U.S. students are studying Chinese, and they are doing very well.
二、选词填空
根据短文内容, 用方框中的单词或其恰当形式填空。（每词只用一次）
understand, Chinese, at, a, important, active, you, give up, enough, something
How can we practice our spoken English
The first and the most 16 thing is to believe yourself. You should always be full of confidence, or you will never be able to improve your English. You should often encourage 17 . “Come on, don’t be afraid.” You should never lose heart and never 18 .
Maybe you are afraid of losing face , but you should think since (因为) we are students and we are learning, there is no need to worry about 19 . You must always be 20 in practice. There is no problem that your pronunciation and intonation (语调) can’t be as good as the native people because we are 21 , and we don’t have chances to live in foreign countries and talk with the people there. But you must know that the main way to study English is to make ourselves 22 other people. You should believe that native speakers will not laugh 23 you, instead they will encourage you. So if you are brave 24 , you will certainly make rapid progress in your spoken English.
Don’t be shy or afraid! Just have 25 try.
三、补全对话
在对话空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确。一空一词（含缩写词）。
A: You look down. What’s up
B: Oh, I got terrible grades in the past few tests. 26 I’ve tried my best, I still made no progress.
A: Don’t be so upset. As long as you find out your problems and keep 27 your learning methods, you’ll gradually learn much better.
B: Yeah, I know. But math is really difficult for me. I have great trouble following my teacher in class. And it always takes me a long time to work out math problems.
A: Don’t worry. Here are some ways that are 28 believed to be helpful. Most students and teachers think taking an 29 part in class is the most useful. Don’t just listen. You need to think. Second, correct mistakes in time and review them every day. Last, practice makes perfect. Do more exercises. In this way, your speed of doing math exercises will be 30 .
B: Thanks a lot.
A: I know it’s difficult to develop such habits, but it’s 31 trying. Because they may bring you unexpected results.
B: OK, I’ll give it a try. How I wish I could be as talented as you!
A: I have my problems, too. My parents have high 32 for my future. They want me to get into a top high school and a good university. I’m afraid to 33 them if I fail. Sometimes I feel so worried that everything can catch my 34 but study.
B: Oh, maybe you can share your feelings with them, and don’t think too much about the results, focus more on the process 35 . Make sure you achieve your daily goals. Then the final results can’t be bad.
A: Yes, you’re right.
四、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空和回答问题。
Many people always say that listening to spoken English is too hard for them. But if you don’t understand what people are saying, how can you talk with them It may be difficult, but learning by listening is necessary.
As we know, different people have different pronunciations of the same word. Standard pronunciation is important for English speaking as well as for listening. In China, people from one area may not understand what people from another area are saying because of the different Chinese dialects (方言). Standard Chinese pronunciation can help people from different places understand each other easily.
It is the same as English. If your pronunciation is not standard, it is hard for other people to understand you.
If you want to learn how to listen to English, the following ways are helpful.
Get some good books with tapes. Do the exercises, from the simple to the difficult, step by step.
You can also watch English-language films and TV programs, listen to English-language radio.
Try to listen every day, even if only a few minutes. At first you may understand few words. Don’t give up. Just listen.
Remember to read and speak English every day. It will help you to listen better, spend an hour reading English every day. Finally you will notice that you are making progress.
Talk to English-speaking foreigners as often as possible. Foreigners will speak slowly with you, use simple words, and use body language to help you understand them. Don’t be afraid to talk to them. They won’t mind if you have trouble because they may have more trouble making themselves understood in Chinese.
36．If your pronunciation isn’t standard, it is for other people to understand you.
37．The writer shows us ways to learn to listen to English.
38．If you spend an hour English every day, you’ll notice that you are making progress.
39．Different people won’t have the pronunciation of the same word.
40．What do many people always say
五、阅读理解
Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools. Like you, they studied math, spelling and geography. Unlike you, they also studied Greek (希腊语) and Latin (拉丁语). In fact, students spent more than half their time studying Greek and Latin.
The same was true for most students in Europe. Until the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin. It did not matter if they lived in England, Italy, France or Spain. If they were educated, they knew Latin.
During the seventh century, educated Europeans began to study Greek as well as Latin. Greek and Latin had been the leading languages of the ancient Greeks and Romans. All educated Europeans were expected to know these languages.
To educated Europeans, the languages of the Greeks and the Romans were important. The ideas of the Greeks and Romans were also important. People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin (起源). They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical (古典文学的) world.
Today we have so many things to study that few people have time to learn Greek and Latin. Few of you will study either language in school. Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us. These ideas still help to shape Western culture today. To understand our own culture, we must understand the culture of the classical world.
41．Two hundred years ago, in American schools ________.
A．students paid little attention to math
B．Greek and Latin were required to study
C．students knew little about geography
42．It was ________ for educated Europeans to study Greek and Latin during the seventh century.
A．popular B．useless C．dangerous
43．According to the text, Europeans thought ________.
A．the origin of their culture was unknown
B．Greek was much more important than Latin
C．the Romans had a great influence on their culture
44．Where does the author of the text probably come from
A．Japan. B．Greece. C．America.
45．In the last paragraph, the author suggests that ________.
A．it’s of great value to learn Greek and Latin
B．the culture of the classical world is useless nowadays
C．Western culture is quite different from Greek and Roman cultures
Many Chinese words include directions or positions such as “east”, “west”, “left” and “right”. For example, we say “maidongxi (买东西)” instead of “mainanbei (买南北)”. What is the Chinese history and culture hidden behind these words
Why do we say “maidongxi” Some say that in the Tang Dynasty, there were two popular markets in Chang’an. When shopping, people usually went to the East Market and the West Market. As time went by, people started to describe shopping as “maidongxi”.
Another reason is about China’s trading history. Around the 15th century, the Ming Dynasty began trading with the world. Most of its goods came from the east (Japan) and the west (Arabia). Markets sold “things from the east and the west”, which was later called “east and west”.
We say “yijianxiangzuo (意见相左)” when we have different opinions. In ancient Chinese, “left” was about being different, such as in “yijianxiangzuo”. If people don’t accept common beliefs, we still say they are following “pangmenzuodao (旁门左道)”. “Left” and “right” also have something to do with people’s social status (地位). For example, the character “右”, coming from “right”, means a person in a higher position would protect someone in a lower position.
46．How many reasons for the use of “maidongxi” are mentioned in the passage
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
47．People in the Ming Dynasty said “maidongxi” mainly because ________.
A．they bought things in the East and the West Market
B．they learned to say it from the East and the West countries
C．most things in the East and the West Market were better
D．most things came from the East and the West countries
48．According to the passage, if a person has a “zuoxingzi (左性子)”, he is probably ________.
A．friendly B．normal C．strange D．lazy
49．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Changes of Using “maidongxi” and “zuo”
B．Different Uses of Chinese “maidongxi” and “zuo”
C．Different Meanings of “maidongxi” and “zuo”
D．History and Culture Behind “maidongxi” and “zuo”
参考答案：
1．Both 2．correctly 3．for 4．politely 5．to learn
【导语】本文主要讲述了礼仪的重要性，以及在不同的场合使用正确的语言是非常重要的。
1．句意：两个都是正确的，但第一个听起来不太礼貌。根据“but the first one sounds less polite”及前文提到的两个问句可知，此处指两个都是正确的，both“两者都”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Both。
2．句意：仅仅正确地提出一个问题是不够的。分析题干可知，此处应该填入副词修饰动词ask，因此需要将形容词“correct”变为副词“correctly”，故填correctly。
3．句意：当我们寻求帮助时，我们也需要学习如何有礼貌。ask sb for help向某人寻求帮助，是固定用法，故填for。
4．句意：礼貌地说话似乎更难，但是学习如何在不同的情况下使用正确的语言是非常重要的。分析题干可知，此处应该填入副词修饰动词speak，因此需要将形容词“polite”变为副词“politely”，故填politely。
5．句意：礼貌地说话似乎更难，但是学习如何在不同的情况下使用正确的语言是非常重要的。“it is+adj+to do sth”为固定用法，意为“做某事是……的”，故空处应填不定式。故填to learn。
6．prepare 7．Business 8．expect 9．public 10．textbooks 11．necessary 12．population 13．sound 14．directly 15．newspaper
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍现在美国很多学校在教授中文。
6．句意：这些学校想要为可能在中国工作的学生准备一个更好的将来。准备prepare；want to do sth 想要做某事，to+动词原形。故填prepare。
7．句意：中国的商业正飞速发展。business 生意，谓语动词是is，主语business用单数，句首大写。故填Business。
8．句意：越来越多的美国人期待那种趋势继续下去。expect期待，根据前后句时态判断应用一般现在时，主语人称是Americans复数。故填expect。
9．句意：美国政府正试图让更多的公立学校教授中文。public公众的，来修饰schools。故填public。
10．句意：中国政府已经捐赠了很多课本给美国学校。textbook课本，a large number of+可数名词复数。故填textbooks。
11．句意：学习中文和中国文化对于你们而言是有必要的。necessary必要的。故填necessary。
12．句意：中国有世界上最多的人口。population人口，不可数名词。故填population。
13．句意：中文看起来或听起来一点都不像英语。sound听起来，根据or可知与前面的look原形并列。故填sound。
14．句意：你不能直接说出中文汉字。directly直接地，副词用来修饰can’t speak out动词结构。故填directly。
15．句意：阅读一份中文报纸需要人们了解3000个汉字。newspaper报纸，根据a可以判断出应该用可数名词单数。故填newspaper。
16．important 17．yourself 18．give up 19．anything 20．active 21．Chinese 22．understand 23．at 24．enough 25．a
【导语】本文主要讲述了练习英语口语的方法和建议。
16．句意：第一件也是最重要的事就是相信你自己。根据“You should always be full of confidence, or you will never be able to improve your spoken English”可知，你要充满自信，说明相信自己很重要，此处使用important。故填important。
17．句意：你应该经常鼓励你自己，“加油，不要害怕”。句中主语是you，此处使用反身代词yourself，表示“要经常鼓励你自己”。故填yourself。
18．句意：你应该永远不要灰心，永远不要放弃。根据句子的前半部分“never lose heart”可知，所填内容应该使用lose heart在意义上相似的词或短语，give up符合语境。故填give up。
19．句意：也许你害怕丢脸，但你应该想想，既然我们是学生，我们在学习，没有必要担心任何事情。由句子中的“no”可知，此处使用anything，即：没有必要担心任何事。故填anything。
20．句意：你必须经常积极练习。根据下句可知我们不可能像当地人讲得一样好，因此要积极练习；be后跟形容词active“积极的”作表语。故填active。
21．句意：毫无疑问，你的发音和语调不能像本地人一样好，因为我们是中国人，我们没有机会生活在外国，并与那里的人交谈。根据“can’t be as good as the native people”可知，此处使用Chinese，表示“因为我们是中国人，所以我们不可能像当地人讲得一样好”。故填Chinese。
22．句意：但是你必须知道，学习英语的主要目的是让自己被别人理解以及理解别人。根据“make ourselves understood...other people”可知，此处使用understand，表示“理解别人”；make sb. do“使某人做某事”，所以使用动词原形。故填understand。
23．句意：你应该相信以英语为母语的人不会嘲笑你，相反他们会鼓励你。laugh at“嘲笑”，故填at。
24．句意：如果你足够勇敢，你的英语口语一定会突飞猛进。brave是形容词，此处使用副词对其修饰，enough是副词，修饰形容词时后置。故填enough。
25．句意：来试一试。根据“have...try”可知，此处使用a，“试一试”为have a try，为固定短语。故填a。
26．Although/Though 27．improving 28．widely/generally/commonly/always/usually/mostly 29．active 30．increased/raised/higher 31．worth 32．expectation/expectations 33．disappoint 34．attention 35．instead/itself
【导语】本文主要是A针对B的数学学习方面的问题给出了具体的建议。
26．根据“I’ve tried my best, I still made no progress.”及语境可知，这两句之间是让步关系，所以可以用though/although引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though。
27．根据“...keep ... your learning methods, you’ll gradually learn much better”及语境可知，应是不断改进学习方法，就会逐渐变得更好，improve“改进”，keep doing sth“一直做某事”，故填improving。
28．根据“Here are some ways that are ... believed to be helpful”可知，此处应是介绍普遍上/通常/一直大家认为有帮助的方法，widely/generally“普遍地”；commonly/mostly/ usually“通常”；always“一直”，故填widely/generally/commonly/always/usually/mostly。
29．根据“taking an...part in class is the most useful.”可知，an后跟以元音音素开头的形容词，在句中作定语，此处指“积极参与”，take an active part in“积极参与”。故填active。
30．根据“practice makes perfect. Do more exercises”和“your speed of doing math exercises will be...”及语境可知，多做练习，这样速度就会提升/更高，increase/raise“提升”，will be后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态；higher“更高的”，语境中存在比较之意，所以用比较级，形容词作表语。故填increase/raised/higher。
31．根据“I know it’s difficult to develop such habits, but it’s ...trying. ”可知，空格后是动名词，结合语境，此处指值得一试，worth doing sth“值得做某事”，故填worth。
32．根据“They want me to get into a top high school and a good university.”可知，父母对“我”有很高的期望，expectation“期望”，此处用单复数均可，故填expectation(s)。
33．根据“I’m afraid to...them if I fail.”可知，应是害怕失败后让父母失望，disappoint“使失望”，to后跟动词原形，故填disappoint。
34．根据“feel so worried that everything can catch my...but study”及语境可知，此处指“引起我的注意”，catch one’s attention“引起某人的注意”，故填attention。
35．根据“and don’t think too much about the results, focus more on the process...”可知，此处指不要过多关注结果，反而要关注过程，或是关注过程本身，instead“反而”；itself“它本身”。故填instead/itself。
36．hard 37．five 38．reading 39．same 40．They always say that listening to spoken English is too hard for them.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如果你的发音不标准，别人很难理解你，本文作者针对这一问题介绍了五种听英语和讲英语的方法。
36．根据第三段“If your pronunciation is not standard, it is hard for other people to understand you.”可知，如果你的发音不标准，其他人很难理解你。故填hard。
37．根据“Get some good books with tapes.”“You can also watch English-language films and TV programs, listen to English-language radio.”“Try to listen every day, even if only a few minutes.”“Remember to read and speak English every day.”和“Talk to English-speaking foreigners as often as possible.”可知，作者介绍了5种方法。故填five。
38．根据第八段“It will help you to listen better, spend an hour reading English every day. Finally you will notice that you are making progress.”可知，每天花一个小时读英语将帮助你进步。read“读”，spend time doing sth“花时间做事某事”，故填reading。
39．根据第二段“different people have different pronunciations of the same word”可知，不同的人对同一个词有不同的发音，different即not the same，故填same。
40．根据第一段“Many people always say that listening to spoken English is too hard for them.”可知，很多人总是说听英语口语对他们来说太难了。故填They always say that listening to spoken English is too hard for them.
41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了希腊人和罗马人的思想仍然很重要，要了解西方文化，就必须要了解古典世界的文化，学习希腊语和拉丁语。
41．细节理解题。根据“Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools. Like you, they studied math, spelling and geography. Unlike you, they also studied Greek (希腊语) and Latin”可知两百年前，在美国学校，学生需要学习希腊语和拉丁语。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据“Until the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin”可知直到七世纪，所有受过教育的欧洲人都懂拉丁语，所以受过教育的欧洲人学习希腊语和拉丁语是受欢迎的。故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据“People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin (起源). They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical (古典文学的) world.”可知欧洲人认为他们自己的许多想法都来自希腊人和罗马人，要了解自己的文化，就必须了解它的起源，可推知欧洲人认为罗马人对他们的文化有很大的影响。故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据“Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools.”以及“People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans...Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us. These ideas still help to shape Western culture today”可知作者来自西方国家，可推知作者可能来自美国。故选C。
45．推理判断题。根据“Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us”可知希腊人和罗马人的思想对我们来说仍然很重要，所以学习希腊语和拉丁语很有用。故选A。
46．B 47．D 48．C 49．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了“买东西”和“左”背后的历史文化。
46．细节理解题。根据“Some say that in the Tang Dynasty, there were two popular markets in Chang’an. When shopping, people usually went to the East Market ”和“Another reason is about China’s trading history.”可知，提到了两个原因，故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据“Most of its goods came from the east (Japan) and the west (Arabia).”可知，因为大多数东西来自东方和西方国家。故选D。
48．推理判断题。根据“In ancient Chinese, ‘left’ was about being different”可知，在古代汉语中，“左”是指不同。所以一个人有“左性子”，他可能很奇怪，故选C。
49．最佳标题题。根据“What is the Chinese history and culture hidden behind these words ”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了“买东西”和“左”背后的历史文化。故选D。

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