Module 4 Rules and suggestions 基础知识 （短语、句型、 精练）2023-2024学年外研版 九年级下册英语同步检测
重点短语归纳
1.be careful of sth. 小心、当心某物
be careful with sth. 做某事很仔细小心
2.1)suggest sb.(should) do sth. 建议某人做某事suggest doing sth. 建议做某事suggestion(n.) 可数名词
2)advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advice(n.) 不可数名词
3.falling stones 滚石
5.pay attention to doing sth. 注意
6.set off 动身，出发
7.the edge of ……的边缘8.go off 离开
9.on one' s own 独自 own(v.)拥有 owner(n.)主人10.something to eat 吃的东西
1).不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单 2).形容词置于不定代词之后，后接不定式
11.be starving 饥饿的
e on 快点，加油14.lead the way 领路15.fall asleep 睡着；入睡
16.in the middle of. 在…中间….. 17.look 的短语总结:
look over 仔细检查; 查看; 调查 look for 寻找 look out 当 心 ; 小 心
look after 照看，照顾 look through 浏览 look up 向上看，查阅look around 向四周看 look across 远眺 look down 向下看，看不起look like 看起来像 look at 看一看 look out of 向…..外看
18. put up 搭建；张贴 tidy up 整理；收拾 get up 起床
stay up 熬夜 wake up 叫醒 take up 占据
look up 查找21.move on 向前；继续10.make moves 做动作11.above all 最重要的是12.reach out 伸出手13.stand still 定定站着14.look up 向上看；查找
15.run towards 向着…跑去
写作经典句型归纳
1.You must be careful of falling stones. 你必须小心滚石。2.OK, please pay attention for a moment! 好吧，请注意一下。3.Now, you mustn' t walk too close to the edge of the hill path…
你不能走得离山路太近。
4.You mustn' t go off on your own. 你不能单独离开。
5.Can we have something to eat now I' m starving.
我们现在有可以吃的东西吗 我饿死了！
6.Come on! I' ll lead the way. 快点儿！我来带路！
词形变换归纳
1.smooth(adj.)-smoothly(adv.) 滑地 2. fair (adj.)-unfair( 反)不公平
3. suggest (v.)-suggestion(n.) 建议 4. starve (v.)-starving(adj.)饥饿的
5. noise(n.)-noisy(adj.) 吵闹的 6. sudden(adj.)-suddenly(adv.) 突然地
7. slow (adj.)-slowly(adv.) 慢地 8. tour(n.)-tourist(n.)观光者
9. sleep(v.)-asleep(adj.)睡着的-sleepy(adj.)瞌睡的
精炼
一、短文填空
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词；部分单词未给出原形。
Being safe in your everyday life needs knowledge. If you remember the following information, your life 1 (be) much safer.
Always notice the environment around you. You shouldn’t walk alone outside. Make sure where the public phones 2 . If anything dangerous 3 (happen), you can find them easily.
Your bag should 4 (put) towards the front of your body instead 5 being carried on your back.
If you 6 (follow) by someone whom you don’t know, cross the street and go to the other side. Let the person who is after you know that you have noticed he or she is following you. Next, 7 (not go) home at once. You are safer in the street than you are alone at home or in the elevator. If you have to take a bus to a place far away, try 8 (get) to the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves. This stops the other people from 9 (watch) you. On the bus, don’t sit alone. Sit behind the driver or with other people. Please remember 10 (not sleep).
根据下列短文，写出与各小题所给汉语相对应的英语单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
Aron Ralston is an American man who likes mountain climbing. Aron is used to taking risks. On 11 (四月) 26th, 2003, he was in a very 12 (危险的) situation.
On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him. He could not free his arm. When his water ran out, he used his knife to cut off half his right arm to 13 (拯救) his own life. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged 14 (他自己). After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
He then wrote a 15 (书) called Between a Rock and a Hand Place. This means being in a difficult situation that you can’t seem to get out of. In this book, Aron tells us the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life.
二、选词填空
across, yourself, safe, be, in, quickly, a, thing, remember, arrive
Everyone should learn how to keep safe. If you follow the advice below, your life 16 much easier.
Always keep an eye on the environment around you. Never walk alone outside 17 the evening. When in a theater, make sure you know where the exits (出口) are. It can help you get out of the places as 18 as possible.
When you carry 19 bag with you in crowded places, you’d better keep it in front of you. Or someone might take away all the 20 from your bag.
If a stranger (陌生人) follows you, walk 21 the road or go to another way. You should 22 not to go home at once. You’re much 23 in the street than you’re alone at your home. If you have to take a bus, try to 24 at the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves. Don’t fall asleep on the bus.
Be sure to look after 25 . Safety comes first.
三、补全对话
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: I think I got a scam call (诈骗电话) this morning.
B: Really 26 .
A: The man on the phone said he was from the bank. He asked me when I had my telephone card.
B: 27
A: Of course not. I told him he should ask China Mobile, not me.
B: You’re smart. We should never tell our personal information to people we don’t know.
A: 28
B: Yes, I have. I got one several days ago. The man said he was one of my father’s friends. He asked me what my father’s phone number was. That was funny. If he were, he should have known that.
A: You are right. 29
B: I just hung up the phone without saying anything.
A: There are so many scam calls these days. 30 .
B: I agree.
四、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据短文内容，在表格中填入相应信息，每空不超过3个单词。
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP) (疾病控制预防中心), if you don’t often wash your hands, you will be affected by viruses (病菌) from many places and make yourself ill. You’re at risk every time you touch your eyes, nose or mouth. In fact, one of the most common ways people catch colds is by rubbing (揉) their noses or their eyes when there are cold viruses on their hands. If yon don’t often wash your hands, especially when you’re sick, you may spread the viruses directly to others. You should wash your hands in the following situations.
●After using the bathroom.
●After blowing your nose or coughing.
●Before eating, serving or preparing food.
●After touching pets or other animals.
●After visiting anyone who is sick.
When your hands are dirty. There’s right way to wash your hands. Follow these simple steps to keep your hands clean.
●Use warm water (not cold or hot)
●Wash for 15 seconds.
●Wash well under warm running water
Why you should wash hands If yon don’t often wash your hands, you may 31 the viruses directly to others.
Situations in which you should wash your hands After using the 32 . After blowing your nose or coughing. 33 having food. After touching pets or other animals. After 34 sick people.
Right way to wash your hands Use 35 water and wash for 15 seconds. Wash well under warm running water.
五、阅读理解
Cindy: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! I’m Cindy Lanes, an air hostess (乘务员). I have been working for about nine years now and have worked for two German air companies. Over the years, I’ve found that many passengers have questions about our safety rules for take-off and landing. And today I will answer these questions asked by one of the passengers, Johnny. Let’s welcome Johnny!
Johnny: Hello, everyone. Hello, Cindy. I collected some common questions passengers have. Are you ready
Cindy: Of course. Let’s start!
Johnny: Why do I have to open the window shades (遮光板)
Cindy: During take-off and landing, we hostesses have to sit on our jump seats and can’t see what’s happening outside. So, if there is an engine fire, for example, we need passengers to be able to tell us this.
Johnny: Wow, that’s the reason. Then why do I have to fold up my tiny table and return my seat back to its straight position
Cindy: Well, in the case of an emergency landing (紧急着陆), you should keep your head down and your body tilted (倾斜) forward. If you have not properly placed your tiny table and your seat, you or the passenger sitting behind you will not be able to take this position correctly.
Johnny: Okay, I will follow the rules. And why do you darken (使变暗) the lights when it’s dark outside
Cindy: In a dangerous situation, you have to leave the plane as soon as possible. We darken the lights inside so that your eyes can get used to the darkness outside faster.
Johnny: I have learned a lot. Thank you for your answers.
Cindy: That’s my pleasure. I hope this conversation can help more people! See you next time!
Johnny: See you.
36．What can we know about Cindy Lanes
A．She is a careful captain. B．She is working in Germany.
C．She has worked for nine years. D．She made some useful safety rules.
37．What should passengers do in the face of the emergency landing
A． B． C． D．
38．Why do the air hostesses darken the lights when it’s dark outside
A．To save electricity.
B．To relax the hostesses’ eyes.
C．To help passengers fall asleep.
D．To help passengers get used to the darkness outside faster.
39．What is the type of the reading material
A．A story. B．A poster. C．A news report. D．An interview.
Nowadays, students’ safety has become a big problem. As students, we should know how to protect ourselves. So, Mr. Li gives us some advice on how to deal with danger.
★If you are in a traffic accident
If a car hits you, you should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. That’s because you don’t know how seriously you are hurt.
★If it is raining hard and there is lightning
Don’t stay in high places and stay away from trees.
★When there is a fire
Get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit (出口). Don’t take the lift.
★If someone is drowning (溺水)
If you can’t swim, don’t get into water. Cry out for help. Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all times.
40．What has become a big problem nowadays
A．Students’ study. B．Car accident.
C．Students’ safety. D．Food waste.
41．If a car hits you, you should __________.
A．remember the car number B．stay in high places
C．let the driver go D．save the driver
42．You can not __________ when there is a fire.
A．run away quickly B．take a lift
C．find an exit D．put wet things on your body
参考答案：
1．will be 2．are 3．happens 4．be put 5．of 6．are followed 7．don’t go 8．to get 9．watching 10．not to sleep
【原文】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了日常生活中的安全知识。
1．句意：如果你记住以下信息，你的生活会更安全。if引导的条件状语从句时态符合“主将从现”规则，此处是主句，用一般将来时will do，故填will be。
2．句意：确定公共电话在哪里。此空是宾语从句的谓语动词，根据“Make sure where the public phones”可知，从句是“公共电话在哪里”，在某个地方用be动词，主语phones是复数，故填are。
3．句意：如果有什么危险发生，你可以很容易地找到他们。if引导的条件状语从句时态符合“主将从现”规则，此处是从句，用一般现在时，主语anything dangerous是三单，谓语动词用三单形式，故填happens。
4．句意：你的包应该放在身体前面，而不是背在背上。主语your bag和put是动宾关系，用被动语态be done，且空格前有should，be动词用原形，put的过去分词是put，故填be put。
5．句意：你的包应该放在身体前面，而不是背在背上。instead of“而不是”，固定短语，故填of。
6．句意：如果你被不认识的人跟踪，穿过马路走到另一边。由“by someone”可知，是被动语态，且if引导的条件状语从句时态符合“主将从现”规则，此处是从句用一般现在时，即一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，主语是you，be动词用are，follow的过去分词是followed。故填are followed。
7．句意：其次，不要马上回家。此处是否定祈使句，用don’t+动词原形，故填don’t go。
8．句意：如果你必须乘公共汽车去一个很远的地方，尽量在公共汽车出发前几分钟到达车站。try to do sth“尽力做某事”，故填to get。
9．句意：这会阻止其他人监视你。stop sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，故填watching。
10．句意：请记住不要睡觉。remember to do sth“记得去做某事”，此处应不定式的否定形式not to do，故填not to sleep。
11．April 12．dangerous 13．save 14．himself 15．book
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Aron Ralston在登山过程中遇到困境后成功自救的故事，告诉读者做决定的重要性和掌控自己生命的重要性。
11．句意：2003年4月26日，他处于非常危险的境地。根据汉语提示“四月”可知，应填April。故填April。
12．句意：2003年4月26日，他处于非常危险的境地。根据汉语提示“危险的”以及空后situation为名词可知，空处应填形容词dangerous。故填dangerous。
13．句意：当他的水用完时，他用刀切掉了自己右臂的一半来挽救自己的生命。根据汉语提示“拯救”以及空后的“his own life”可知，此处应用动词save；to后面跟动词原形，故填save。
14．句意：然后，他用左臂给自己包扎。根据汉语提示“他自己”，可知此处应填反身代词himself。bandage oneself“包扎自己”为固定搭配。故填himself。
15．句意：然后他写了一本名为《Between a Rock and a Hand Place》的书。根据汉语提示“书”可知，是book，a修饰可数名词单数。故填book。
16．will be 17．in 18．quickly 19．a 20．things 21．across 22．remember 23．safer 24．arrive 25．yourself
【导语】本文就保持安全给出了几条实用的建议。
16．句意：如果你遵循下面的建议，你的生活会轻松很多。根据空前的“If you follow the advice below”及备选词汇可知，此处表示的是如果你遵循下面的建议，你的生活会轻松很多，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，此处需要用be动词，时态为一般将来时。故填will be。
17．句意：晚上千万不要一个人在外面散步。in the evening“在晚上”，固定搭配。故填in。
18．句意：它可以帮助你尽快离开这些地方。根据上文“When in a theater, make sure you know where the exits (出口) are.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示的是它可以帮助你尽快离开这些地方，此处使用副词修饰动词，as...as意为“和……一样”，中间用副词原级，quickly“快速地”符合语境。故填quickly。
19．句意：当你在拥挤的地方随身携带一个包时，你最好把它放在你的面前。根据句意及备选词汇可知，此处表示的是携带一个包，bag为辅音音素开头单词的可数名词，所以用冠词a。故填a
20．句意：否则有人会拿走你包里所有的东西。根据句意及备选词汇可知，此处表示的是拿走你包里所有的东西，thing“东西”符合语境，空前有all，所以此处应使用可数名词的复数形式。故填things。
21．句意：如果有陌生人跟着你，过马路或者走另一条路。根据空后“go to another way”及备选词汇可知，此处表示的是过马路，walk across“穿过”，固定搭配。故填across。
22．句意：你应该记得不要马上回家。根据句意及备选词汇可知，此处表示的是记得不要马上回家，remember“记住”符合语境，空前有情态动词should，所以此处应用动词用原形。故填remember。
23．句意：你在街上比独自在家安全得多。根据空后的“than”可知，此处使用形容词的比较级，意为“在街上比独自在家安全得多”。故填safer。
24．句意：如果你不得不乘公共汽车，努力在汽车离开前几分钟到达车站。根据空前的“If you have to take a bus”及备选词汇可知，此处表示的是努力在汽车离开前几分钟到达车站，arrive“到达”符合语境，try to do sth.“努力去做某事”，固定搭配，所以空处应用动词原形。故填arrive。
25．句意：一定要照顾好自己。根据第一段中的“Everyone should learn how to keep safe.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示的是定要照顾好自己，look after oneself“照顾某人自己”，固定搭配，所以使用反身代词。故填yourself。
26．Tell me what happened 27．Did you tell him 28．Have you ever got such a call 29．So what did you do then 30．We should always be careful
【导语】本文是一篇关于电话诈骗的对话。
26．根据“I think I got a scam call (诈骗电话) this morning.”可知对方会针对电话诈骗提问具体发生了什么，故填Tell me what happened。
27．根据“Of course not. I told him he should ask China Mobile, not me.”可知提的问题是有没有将什么时候有的电话卡告诉对方，故填Did you tell him。
28．根据“Yes, I have. I got one several days ago.”可知会问对方是否也有过电话诈骗的经历，故填Have you ever got such a call。
29．根据“I just hung up the phone without saying anything.”可知会问对方怎么做的，故填So what did you do then。
30．根据“I agree.”以及“There are so many scam calls these days.”可知此空是在说要当心，故填We should always be careful。
31．spread 32．bathroom 33．Before 34．visiting 35．warm
【导语】本文介绍了洗手的重要性。在什么情况下应洗手及正确的洗手方法。
31．根据“If yon don’t often wash your hands, especially when you’re sick, you may spread the viruses directly to others.”可知，如果你不经常洗手，尤其是当你生病的时候，你可能会把病毒直接传染给别人。故填spread。
32．根据“After using the bathroom.”可知，上完厕所后应该洗手。故填bathroom。
33．根据“Before eating, serving or preparing food.”可知，在吃饭、上菜或准备食物之前应该洗手。故填Before。
34．根据“After visiting anyone who is sick.”可知，在拜访过生病的人之后应该洗手。故填visiting。
35．根据“Wash well under warm running water”可知，应该用温水清洗手，故填warm。
36．C 37．A 38．D 39．D
【导语】本文是飞机乘客Johnny和乘务员Cindy的对话，主要是关于飞机起飞和降落安全规则。
36．细节理解题。根据“I have been working for about nine years now and have worked for two German air companies.”可知，她大约工作了九年，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Well, in the case of an emergency landing (紧急着陆), you should keep your head down and your body tilted (倾斜) forward.”可知，紧急情况时，应该低头，身体向前倾斜，故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“We darken the lights inside so that your eyes can get used to the darkness outside faster”可知，是为了帮助乘客更快地适应外面的黑暗。故选D。
39．推理判断题。文章是对话的格式，根据“I will answer these questions asked by one of the passengers, Johnny. Let’s welcome Johnny!”可知，这是一种采访类语篇，故选D。
40．C 41．A 42．B
【导语】本文主要说明现如今学生的安全成了一个很大的问题，并给出了一些关于如何对待或处理危险的建议。
40．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays, students’ safety has become a big problem”可知，学生的安全已经成为一个大问题。故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据“If a car hits you, you should remember the car number.”可知，如果一辆车撞了你，你应该记住车牌号，故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据“Don’t take the lift.”可知，发生火灾时，不要乘坐电梯，故选B。

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