Unit 4 Amazing Science 语法填空 专练（含解析）仁爱科普版 英语九年级上册
（2022上·黑龙江大庆·九年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I 1 (have) a summer camp with my classmates last year for a week. Early in the morning we gathered (聚集) 2 the bus station. After saying goodbye to our parents, we got on the buses. It took us more than two hours 3 (arrive) at the campground. We got off the buses cheerfully. Laughing and shouting, we jumped and ran all over the place. It was the 4 time for us to be away from the parents. Some of us started to feel homesick (想家). However, when the night party and dances began, the homesickness was 5 (go).
The next day, everybody rushed to the boating class, 6 (hope) to be at the head of the others. At first, my friends and I worked hard, but the boat wouldn’t listen to us and kept going round and round. Then the teacher taught us 7 to work together. After many tries, we did much 8 (good). Swimming class was my favorite. It was about the hottest time of a day and the best time to stay in the cool water. The swimming teacher was a funny man, and during the class he often made us laugh 9 (happy). During the week I learned a lot of new things and made many new friends. I also learned how to take care of 10 (I).
（2022上·山东东营·九年级校考期末）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 （必要时可加情态动词或助动词）。
Lin Chaodai is a 52-year-old top cook at a five-star restaurant. Before last year, he 11 (not think) about that he could take robots as his students. Last year, Lin and 10 other cooks were invited 12 (study) a menu and teach the robot students to cook.
“A good and traditional taste of dishes 13 (depend) on perfect cooking standards,” said Lin.
So before engineers 14 (begin) their tests, they recorded the recipes and other important information on the computers.
Customers 15 (make) their orders through a touch screen inside the restaurant. Sometimes they can also talk to the screen. Then the system chooses the food before 16 (send) them to 32 robots to cook. After the dishes are completed, the machines then 17 (clean) themselves, using less water.
“The cooking time of a dish is between three and five minutes,” said Yan Weixin, the inventor of robots.
Restaurants with robots 18 (become) more and more popular in China now. “Robotic kitchens can greatly improve the cooking speed and cut the cost,” said Qiu Mi, manager of one restaurant. “The robotic kitchens 19 (bring) a great changes in the dining business in the future.” said Lin. That shows his confidence in the cooking skills of robot cooks and tells us people like the food 20 (cook) by robots.
（2022上·山东济宁·九年级校考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What does it mean to be green “Green” is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps 21 (protect) the environment—the water, the land, and the air we breathe. Why green Plants are green, and without them the earth wouldn’t be such a lovely home 22 us human beings.
Sometimes people can call ours a “throwaway society”. That means we are always 23 (throw) away old things and buying new ones. Many times, if you no longer need something, someone else just might need it. For example, if your brother is old enough not to play with his plastic bike, why not give it to another family who has a little kid so that they don’t need to buy a new 24
Recycling has never been easier. Many organizations will pick it up right in front of your house. Tell your mom or dad you want to become “Chief of Recycling” for your family. Now that you know what things you can recycle, find a place to keep them. Make sure you encourage everyone in your house to think whether things can be 25 (reuse) or recycled before they’re thrown away.
Almost everyone likes traveling. But next time before you travel around the world, took a look at your own backyard. Is there a place where you could plant a tree or put in a little fruit or vegetable garden If so, get there and get your hands dirty. Then you can watch with pride as your tree takes root, and your garden plants grow into big plants full of ripe, red tomatoes. Who knew being green would taste so good So, you see, we can make a green environment with our 26 (creative).
（2022上·山东济宁·九年级校考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Today is actually an important day and it’s surely going to be an unforgettable one, as we are leaving our second home for different goals. How time 27 （fly）!
Today is a sad day. Three years 28 （pass） and our story will end soon. I’m 29 （thank） to your kindness and help. Once I was a shy girl, redeemed（挽回） only by the warmth of your friendship. Guys, when I say you’re my best friends, it is the highest compliment（赞美）.
On the other hand, today is also a cheerful day. We 30 （successful） completed a small paragraph of the book of our lives, while another piece of blank paper is waiting for us. We all look forward to our new life in senior high school. There is always something worth expecting, isn’t there Why don’t you all cheer up and smile
Now, pray everybody. Raise your glass for this special moment. Today we are all here to witness the endless refulgence （辉煌） of Class One.
To Class One! Cheers!
（2022上·山东济宁·九年级统考期末）Oct.16 is World Food Day. The UN started the day in 1979. A big number of people in the world still don’t have enough food 31 (eat). Right now, there are still more than 1,000 million hungry people in the world. Many 32 (child) go to sleep hungry, and 15 million of them die of hunger each year.
Most people don’t realize how much food they throw away every day. The average person throws away 50 kg of food every year. According to the UN, more than one third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste each year. The amount of food wasted in Europe can feed 200 million people a year.
So think twice next time you want to throw away food. Only order as 33 (many) food as you can eat in a restaurant. 34 you can’t eat all you order, take the rest home.
（2022上·山东济宁·九年级统考期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first day of the lunar year in China is the Spring Festival. People all over the country come back home and get together 35 celebrate it. People enjoy different kinds of foods with 36 (they) family. There are also many activities. Last year, my parents and I had 37 great time during the Spring Festival. We made dumplings and watched shows on TV. There is nothing 38 (happy) than staying together with family and friends. I think the Spring Festival is the most interesting 39 (tradition) festival.
（2022上·内蒙古包头·九年级统考期末）阅读短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Look at the old man. He 40 （look）like the famous scientist Einstein. It is a robot which was 41 （invent）by American scientists. Although it has only a head and two shoulders, it can make different faces. Scientists also made many robots that are good at 42 （communicate）with people.
This kind of robot first 43 （appear）in America. It can not only know people’s feelings, but also guess people’s age. It even can make some simple human actions, such as 44 （shake）its hands.
Some scientists hope to make more robots with more actions just like human beings. They want to make more robots who are kind-hearted, understanding and 45 （care）about others. “It is very important to make such kinds of robots. We also hope they are as clever 46 us.” The famous scientist Hanson said.
But it is very hard to make such kinds of robots. 47 the cleverer the robots are, the more they will be refused. So the American scientists chose the head of the famous scientist Einstein. Because he was a 48 （peace）and kind-hearted old person. But this kind of robot is very expensive. It costs about 75 thousand dollars to make one Einstein robot. Hanson hopes one day 49 cost of making a robot can be only 200 dollars.
（2022上·山东临沂·九年级统考期末）At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Gao Chai in the Qi Kingdom. Gao Chai was clever and kind-hearted. Many stories about his childhood were told in his hometown.
For example, one day, little Gao Chai and his friends 50 (play) near a river when one of them fell into the water. The other 51 (kid) were shocked and very frightened (受惊吓的). They did not know what 52 (do) and there were no adults to help. Gao Chai quickly found a solution. He picked up a large gourd (葫芦) and threw 53 to his friend in the river. His friend 54 (understand) at once and caught the gourd, which enabled him to float on the water and swim to the river bank.
Gao Chai’s mother was often ill. When his father was out, the little boy would help a lot in the house, cooking meals for his mother and preparing medicine for her.
After some time, Gao Chai went to the Lu Kingdom and became a student of Confucius (孔子). He was neither good-looking 55 tall, and he did not talk much. Even Confucius did not have a high opinion of him at first. Fortunately, Gao Chai had one good friend among his classmates whose name was Zilu. Zilu later served as an official (官员) in the Lu Kingdom. He 56 (ask) to recommend (推荐) someone to be a good government official. The person he recommended was Gao Chai.
（2022上·山东聊城·九年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，每空一个单词。
Have you ever been to a holiday camp in summer or winter In fact, it is important 57 (介词) children to spend some time at a holiday camp, because they get to meet many new people. Now let’s learn something about it.
Every year, a lot of students take part in holiday camps in summer or winter. Children go to a holiday camp by 58 (they), though some of them are very young. Parents usually encourage their children to 59 (communicate) with others so that they won’t feel lonely.
In some countries, only children in rich 60 (family) can go to holiday camps. However, in some other countries, 61 (代词) doesn’t take much money to go to holiday camps. Most children, either poor 62 (连词) rich, can go to holiday camps.
Holiday camps do not 63 (simple) make children have wonderful holidays. In fact, children can get a lot of things. They can learn to look after themselves so that they can become more 64 (independence) than before and they can make new friends. At some holiday camps, children can even get close to nature and learn about animals and plants by 65 (collect) specimens(标本).
All in all, a holiday camp will give you 66 (冠词) unusual experience if you go there. Don’t miss it if you have a chance.
（2022上·广西贵港·九年级统考期末）根据语篇内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡对应的横线上。
As a citizen (公民) of Guigang, it is our duty to help build a green city. Then we can live a 67 (health) life. We can ride bicycles to reduce air 68 (pollute). It’s better for us to put rubbish into the rubbish bin. In this way, we can keep our city clean. And we’d better plant more trees to protect the 69 (nature) environment. As for me, I’ll try my 70 (good) to make our city cleaner and more beautiful. Firstly, I can save water by 71 (take) shorter showers. Secondly, I can save energy by turning off the lights when I leave the room. In a word, everyone can do something to make a difference.
（2022下·山东威海·九年级统考期末）用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空，请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。
Richard Turere has always enjoyed making things using old objects. For example, when he was quite young, he 72 (make) fans for his parents’ house from car parts and things he found in the yard.
Richard 73 (live) near the Nairobi National Park in Kenya. When be was nine, Richard began to look after his family’s cows and sheep. The big problem was the lions. “I 74 (grow) up hating lions,” says Richard. “They used to 75 (come) at night and feed on our cows when we were sleeping.”
Then one night, as he 76 (walk) around the cowshed (牛舍) with a flashlight in his hand, he noticed something. “That day the lions didn’t come.” Richard realized that lions 77 (scare) of a moving light. So, he had an idea. Using some used parts from a car and a motorcycle, Richard set up some flashing lights to trick the lions into thinking that people were walking around the cowshed. The lions didn’t come near. Soon other families were using his “lion lights”.
Richard’s “lion lights” 78 (cost) just ten dollars to make. They 79 (help) the farmers and the lions. Many lions 80 (kill) by farmers before “lion lights” appeared. Now across Kenya, Richard’s idea has been used by farmers 81 (protect) their animals.
Richard has been accepted into one of Kenya’s top schools. “One year ago, I was just a boy looking after my father’s cows. Now I want to be an engineer or a pilot.”
（2022上·辽宁沈阳·九年级沈阳市第一二六中学校考期末）阅读短文，然后用短文括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Have you ever realized how our daily use of language is connected to China’s past Let’s read one Chinese idiom (成语) called “Mao Sui recommending himself (毛遂自荐)” and know the stories behind it.
Seeing that Handan was in danger, Prince Pingyuan of Zhao decided 82 (ask) for help from the state of Chu. Then, a man named Mao Sui came and recommended himself.
Prince Pingyuan looked at Mao Sui with doubt, “How long have you been here with me ” Mao Sui answered, “ 83 (third) years.”
Prince Pingyuan said, “I hear that a person with talent acts as an awl (锥子) in a cloth bag, and 84 (it) sharp tip will soon pierce (刺穿) through the bag, You’ve been here for a long time, but I haven’t seen any of your achievements. Maybe you aren’t so 85 (help) ”
Mao Sui answered slowly but confidently, “What I’m asking you now is to put me into that bag. If you do that, I would pierce through it. But not only the tip—the whole awl.”
Prince Pingyuan was quite impressed. He allowed Mao Sui to join his team.
With the help of Mao Sui, Zhao 86 (final) remained alive in the end and Mao Sui became a hero of the state. “Mao Sui recommending himself” 87 (use) to describe someone who volunteers to do a task. There are many people in the world who are as clever as Mao Sui, but not all of them have the courage and confidence that Mao Sui had. When 88 (chance) arrive, we should catch them confidently and realize our value.
参考答案：
1．had 2．at 3．to arrive 4．first 5．gone 6．hoping 7．how 8．better 9．happily 10．myself
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者第一次和同学们参加夏令营经历以及讲述了从这次经历中得到的收获。
1．句意：去年我和同学们一起参加了一个星期的夏令营。由“last year”可知时态为一般过去时，have“有，经历”，其过去式为had。故填had。
2．句意：一大早，我们聚集在公共汽车站。根据“…we gathered … the bus station.”可知，此处应填一个介词，表示地点；又因为“the bus station”是一个较小的地方，用介词at。故填at。
3．句意：我们花了两个多小时才到达露营地。分析句子结构可知，此处考查It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，是固定句型，此处应填不定式；arrive“到达”，动词，其不定式为to arrive。故填to arrive。
4．句意：这是我们第一次离开父母。由空前the和空后time可知，此处应填一个序数词，表示顺序；根据“Some of us started to feel homesick.（我们中的一些人开始想家了。）”可知，此处是指我们第一次离开父母，所以有些人开始想家了；the first time“第一次”，其中first“第一”，序数词。故填first。
5．句意：然而，当晚会和舞会开始时，思乡之情已经消失了。由空前was可知，此处应填一个形容词作表语；go“去”，动词，形容词为gone，意为“一去不复返”，符合语境。故填gone。
6．句意：第二天，每个人都冲到划船班，希望能走在其他人的前面。分析句子结构可知，此处应用现在分词作状语；hope“希望”，动词，其现在分词为hoping。故填hoping。
7．句意：然后老师教我们如何合作。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“疑问词+不定式”结构；根据上文“At first, my friends and I worked hard, but the boat wouldn’t listen to us and kept going round and round.（起初，我和我的朋友们努力工作，但船不听我们的，不停地打转。）”可知，我们不知如何划船，因此这里是指老师教我们如何合作，应用how“怎样”，how to work together“如何合作”，符合语境。故填how。
8．句意：经过多次尝试，我们做得好多了。分析句子结构，此处应填一个副词来修饰动词did；much后常接比较级，good“好的”，形容词，其副词为well，比较级是better。故填better。
9．句意：游泳老师是一个有趣的人，在课堂上他经常让我们笑得很开心。句中laugh是动词，应用副词来修饰，作状语；happy“开心的”，形容词，其副词为happily，意为“开心地”，符合语境。故填happily。
10．句意：我也学会了如何照顾自己。句中take care of“照顾”，后接宾语；句子的主语是I，所给提示词也是I，因此这里是指“我照顾我自己”，应用反身代词；my“我的”，形容词性物主代词，其反身代词为myself，意为“我自己”，符合语境。故填myself。
11．hadn’t thought 12．to study 13．depends 14．began 15．can make 16．sending 17．clean 18．are becoming 19．will bring 20．cooked
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了餐饮机器人。
11．句意：去年以前，他从来没有想过他可以把机器人作为他的学生。根据“last year”和语境可知，此处时态是过去完成时，结构是“had +过去分词”，结合提示词，此处变为否定形式hadn’t后跟think的过去分词thought。故填hadn’t thought。
12．句意：去年，林和其他10名厨师被邀请研究菜单，并教机器人学生烹饪。根据“invited”可知，此处考查非谓语动词作宾语。结构为“be invited to do sth.被邀请去做某事”。故填 to study。
13．句意：“一道好的传统菜肴的味道取决于完美的烹饪标准,”林说。根据分析句子可知，A good and traditional taste of dishes作主语，短语depend on作谓语，遵循“主谓一致”原则结合语境，可知，陈述客观事实时态要用一般现在时，所以此处谓语动词要用单数形式。故填depends。
14．句意：因此，在工程师们开始他们的测试之前，他们把食谱和其他重要信息记录在计算机上。根据后文“they recorded the recipes and other important information on the computers.”可知，此处时态要用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began。故填began。
15．句意：顾客能通过餐厅内的触摸屏点菜。根据后文“Sometimes they can also talk to the screen.”可知，此处应该表达的是顾客能通过餐厅内的触摸屏点菜。故填can make。
16．句意：然后系统选择食物，把它们送给32个机器人做饭。根据“before”可知，此处动词要用动名词形式。故填sending。
17．句意：饭菜做好后，机器就自己清洁，用水量减少。根据前文“After the dishes are completed…”，结合语境可知，此处时态要用一般现在时，主语是the machines，所以谓语动词要用复数形式。故填clean。
18．句意：机器人餐馆在中国越来越受欢迎。根据“now”和语境可知，此处要用正在进行时“be+动词的现在分词”表示正在变得越来越受欢迎，主语是Restaurants，所以be动词要用are，become 的现在分词是becoming。 故填are becoming。
19．句意：“机器人厨房将给未来的餐饮业带来巨大的变化。”林说。根据“ in the future”可知，此处时态要用一般将来时“will+动词原形”。故填will bring。
20．句意：这表明了他对机器人厨师烹饪技术的信心，并告诉我们人们喜欢机器人烹饪的食物。根据分析句子可知，动词cook和robots之前是被动关系，结合“by…”可知，此处的cook要变为过去分词形式。故填cooked。
21．to protect
22．for 23．throwing 24．one 25．reused 26．creativity
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了“绿色”的概念并呼吁大家保护环境。
21．句意：它还意味着采取特别措施保护环境——水、土地和我们呼吸的空气。短语take steps to do sth.“采取行动做某事”为固定搭配，此处应用动词不定式作宾补。故填to protect。
22．句意：植物是绿色的，没有它们，地球就不会是我们人类如此可爱的家园。根据前文可知，此处应填入介词for“为了，给”表示对象，用途。故填for。
23．句意：这意味着我们总是在扔掉旧东西，买新的东西。根据“That means we are...and buying...”可知，该句时态为现在进行时，谓语构成为be doing。故填throwing。
24．句意：例如，如果你的弟弟已经长大了，不再玩他的塑料自行车，为什么不把它送给其他有小孩的家庭，这样他们就不需要买新的自行车了？根据“if your brother is old enough not to play with his plastic bike”可知，此处的自行车与前文的自行车为同名异物，且表泛指，应使用代词one避免名词重复出现。故填one。
25．句意：一定要鼓励家里的每个人在扔掉东西之前都想一想它们是否可以再利用或回收。此处考查含有情态动词的被动语态，构成为can be done，reuse应变为过去分词reused。故填reused。
26．句意：所以，你看，我们可以用自己的创造力创造一个绿色的环境。our应修饰名词，creative的名词形式为creativity“创造力”，为不可数名词，此处表示“运用我们自己的创造力”。故填creativity。
27．flies 28．have passed 29．thankful 30．successfully
【导语】本文为一篇与初中毕业相关的演讲稿。
27．句意：时间飞逝！How time flies“时光飞逝”为固定句式，time“时光”为不可数名词，fly应变为三单形式flies。故填files。
28．句意：三年过去了，我们的故事即将结束。表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响和结果应用现在完成时，谓语结构为have/has done，three years做主语，助动词用have。故填have passed。
29．句意：感谢你们的善意和帮助。短语be thankful to“感激”为固定搭配，符合此处语境。故填thankful。
30．句意：我们成功地完成了人生之书的一小段，而另一张白纸正等着我们。设空处应填入副词修饰后面的动词completed，successful应变为副词形式successfully。故填successfully。
31．to eat 32．children 33．much 34．If
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了饥饿问题在世界上仍然存在，很多人没有意识到食物浪费问题，我们在点餐吃饭时不应该浪费。
31．句意：世界上仍然有很多人没有足够的食物吃。eat与food是动宾关系，故用不定式作后置定语，故填to eat。
32．句意：许多儿童饿着肚子睡觉，每年有1500万儿童死于饥饿。many后加名词复数，child的复数是children。故填children。
33．句意：只点你在餐馆里能吃到的食物。as...as中间用原级，修饰不可数名词food用much，故填much。
34．句意：如果你不能吃完你点的，就把剩下的带回家。根据“... you can’t eat all you order, take the rest home.”可知，如果点的东西吃不完，就带回家，if“如果”引导条件状语从句，故填If。
35．to 36．their 37．a 38．happier 39．traditional
【导语】文章主要介绍了庆祝春节的活动。
35．句意：全国各地的人们回家后聚在一起庆祝。根据“People all over the country come back home and get together...celebrate it.”可知，此处指人们回家团聚是为了庆祝春节，此处表目的应使用动词不定式。故填to。
36．句意：人们和家人一起享用不同种类的食物。根据“People enjoy different kinds of foods with...family.”可知，此处指人们和他们的家人一起享用食物。此处表示“他们的”，应使用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
37．句意：去年春节期间，我和父母玩得很开心。根据“Last year, my parents and I had...great time during the Spring Festival.”可知，此处指“玩得很开心”have a great time，固定搭配。故填a。
38．句意：没有什么比与家人和朋友待在一起更幸福的了。根据“There is nothing...than staying together with family and friends.”可知，此处指没有什么比与家人和朋友带在一起更幸福的了。比较级的否定形式表最高级，应使用形容词的比较级happier。故填happier。
39．句意：我认为春节是最有趣的传统节日。根据“I think the Spring Festival is the most interesting...festival.”可知，此处指传统节日，应使用形容词作定语。故填traditional。
40．looks 41．invented 42．communicating 43．appeared 44．shaking 45．caring 46．as 47．Because 48．peaceful 49．the
【导语】本文主要对一种看起来像著名科学家爱因斯坦的机器人的功能，造价等信息进行了介绍。
40．句意：他看起来像著名的科学家爱因斯坦。主语He是第三人称单数，本文时态为一般现在时，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填looks。
41．句意：这是一个由美国科学家发明的机器人。本句是定语从句，先行词robot和谓语动词invent之间存在被动关系，故句中的谓语动词要用被动语态，动词用过去分词形式。故填invented。
42．句意：科学家们还制造了许多善于与人沟通的机器人。be good at doing sth.意为“擅长做某事”，介词at后用动名词。communicate的动名词形式为communicating。故填communicating。
43．句意：这种机器人最早出现在美国。根据“This kind of robot first…（appear）in America”可知，这种机器人最早出现在美国，应该是已经发生，所以用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，appear的过去式为appeared。故填appeared。
44．句意：它甚至可以做出一些简单的人类行为，比如握手。根据“It even can make some simple human actions, such as…（shake）its hands.”可知，它甚至可以做出一些简单的人类行为。表达“人类行为”的名称应用动名词。故填shaking。
45．句意：他们想制造更多的心地善良，理解他人，关心他人的机器人。be caring about意为“关心”。故填caring。
46．句意：我们也希望他们和我们一样聪明。as…as…意为“和……一样”，中间用形容词或副词的原形。as clever as意为“和……一样聪明”。故填as。
47．句意：因为机器人越聪明，就越会被拒绝。根据下一句“So the American scientists chose the head of the famous scientist Einstein.”可知，因此，美国科学家选择了著名科学家爱因斯坦的头像。因此本句是在说原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填Because。
48．句意：因为他是一个平和善良的老人。根据“Because he was a…（peace）and kind-hearted old person.”可知，因为他是一个……善良的老人。并列连词and前后的单词的词性应是一样的。kind-hearted是形容词，peace的形容词为peaceful。故填peaceful。
49．句意：汉森希望有一天制造一个机器人的成本能只有200美元。the cost of意为“……的成本”。故填the。
50．were playing 51．kids 52．to do 53．it 54．understood 55．nor 56．was asked
【导语】本文主要介绍了春秋晚期齐国名人高柴的生活。
50．句意：例如，一天，当小高柴和他的朋友们在河边玩时，他们中有一个人掉进了水里。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，强调一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行。从句是一般过去时，主句应用过去进行时，形式为“be+doing”，主语为复数，所以用were。故填were playing。
51．句意：其他孩子既震惊又害怕。根据后面“were”可知，主语应是复数，kid的复数形式为kids。故填kids。
52．句意：他们都不知道该怎么做，而且也没有大人来帮忙。此处“疑问词+不定式”结构作“know”的宾语，故填to do。
53．句意：他捡起一个巨大的葫芦，把它扔给河里的朋友。根据前面的动词“threw”可知，这里缺少代词作宾语替代前文提到的“gourd”，指代东西用it。故填it。
54．句意：他的朋友立刻理解了，然后抓住了葫芦，这使他能够漂浮在水面上并游到河岸。根据后面并列谓语动词“caught”可知，此处应用动词的过去式，understand的过去式为understood。故填understood。
55．句意：他既不英俊也不高大。根据“neither”及句意可知，考查neither...nor..，意为“既不……也不……”，故填nor。
56．句意：他被要求推荐一个人做一名优秀的政府官员。根据“He”与“ask”的关系可知，主语为动词的承受者，所以此处为被动语态，表示“他被要求”，形式为“be+过去分词”；根据“The person he recommended was Gao Chai.”可知，时态为“一般过去时”，主语“He”为第三人称单数，所以be动词用was；ask的过去分词为asked，故填was asked。
57．for 58．themselves 59．communicate 60．families 61．it 62．or 63．simply 64．independent 65．collecting 66．an
【导语】本文介绍度假营地对孩子们的好处，作者鼓励孩子们去参加。
57．句意：事实上，花一些时间在一个度假营地对孩子们来说是很重要的，因为他们可以认识很多新的人。根据“it is important…children to spend some time at a holiday camp”可知，此处应用句型It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth表示“对某人来说，做某事是怎么样的”。故填for。
58．句意：孩子们自己去度假营地，尽管他们中的一些人年龄很小。by oneself表示“靠某人自己”，主语Children为第三人称复数，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
59．句意：父母通常鼓励孩子与他人交流，这样他们就不会感到孤独。动词短语encourage sb to do sth表示“鼓励某人做某事”，此处应用动词communicate的原形。故填communicate。
60．句意：在一些国家，只有富人家庭的孩子可以去度假营地。根据“children”可知此处应用名词family的复数形式families。故填families。
61．句意：然而，在其他一些国家，去度假营地并不需要太多钱。根据“doesn’t take much money to go to holiday camps”可知此处应用it作形式主语，动词不定式to go作真正的主语。故填it。
62．句意：大多数孩子，无论贫穷还是富有，都可以去度假营地。根据“either poor…rich”可知此处应用either…or…表示“不论……还是……”。故填or。
63．句意：度假营地不仅仅是让孩子们度过美好的假期。make为动词，应用simple的副词simply来修饰动词make。故填simply。
64．句意：他们可以学会照顾自己，这样他们可以比以前更加独立，也可以结交新朋友。become为连系动词，后接形容词作表语。independence的形容词为independent，其比较级为more independent。故填independent。
65．句意：在一些度假营地，孩子们甚至可以亲近大自然，通过收集标本来了解动植物，介词by后接动名词，动词collect的动名词为collecting。故填collecting。
66．句意：总而言之，如果你去那里，度假营地也会给你一个不寻常的经历。experience在此指“经历”，为可数名词，且unusual为元音音素开头的单词，因此应用不定冠词an表泛指。故填an。
67．healthy 68．pollution 69．natural 70．best 71．taking
【导语】本文就如何建造绿色城市给出了一些建议。
67．句意：这样我们就能过上健康的生活。空后的life是名词，这里用health的形容词healthy修饰。故填healthy。
68．句意：我们可以骑自行车来减少空气污染。根据“ride bicycles”可知，这里是减少空气污染，air pollution意为“空气污染”。故填pollution。
69．句意：为了保护自然环境，我们最好多种树。空后的environment是名词，这里用nature的形容词natural修饰。故填natural。
70．句意：至于我，我会尽我最大的努力让我们的城市更干净、更美丽。这里是：try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”，因此用good的最高级best。故填best。
71．句意：首先，我可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节水。空前面的by是介词，这里用take的动名词taking。故填taking。
72．made 73．lived/lives 74．grew 75．come 76．was walking 77．were scared 78．cost 79．have helped 80．were killed 81．to protect
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Richard从小喜欢用旧的东西搞发明创造，并列举了他的两个发明。
72．句意：例如当他相当年轻时，他用车的零部件和在院子里找到的东西给父母的房间做了风扇。根据“when he was quite young”可知句子时态为一般过去时，故填made。
73．句意：Richard住在肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园附近。根据语境句子时态可以为一般现在时或一般过去时，主语Richard为第三人称单数，故填lives/lived。
74．句意：我从小就讨厌狮子。根据句意可知句子时态为一般过去时，故填grew。
75．句意：它们过去常常在晚上趁着我们睡觉时来吃我们的牛。used to“过去常常”，后接动词原形，故填come。
76．句意：然后一天晚上他手里拿着手电筒在牛舍周围巡查时，他注意到了一些事。根据“as”和“he noticed something”可知此处应用过去进行时，其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”，主语he为第三人称单数，故填was walking。
77．句意：Richard意识到狮子害怕正在移动的灯。be scared of“害怕”符合语境，而句子时态为一般过去时，主语lions为复数，故填were scared。
78．句意：Richard的“狮子灯”的制作仅仅花费10美元。句子阐述事实，时态为一般现在时，主语lights为复数，故填cost。
79．句意：它们帮助了村民和狮子。此处强调发明这些灯的影响，时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，主语they为复数，故填have helped。
80．句意：许多狮子在出现“狮子灯”之前被农民杀死。根据“before ‘lion lights’ appeared”可知时态为一般过去时，而主语lions和谓语kill之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，一般过去时的被动语态的谓语结构为“was/were+done”，主语为复数，故填were killed。
81．句意：现在肯尼亚各地，Richard的主意已经被农民们使用去保护他们的动物。根据“protect their animals”可知此处应用动词不定式表目的，故填to protect。
82．to ask 83．Three 84．its 85．helpful 86．finally 87．is used 88．chances
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“毛遂自荐”以及其背后的故事。
82．句意：赵平原君见邯郸危在旦夕，决定向楚国求援。根据“decided”可知，此处考查decide to do“决定做某事”，因此用不定式to ask。故填to ask。
83．句意：毛遂回答说：“三年。”根据“How long have you been here with me”可知，此处需填时间，表示“三年”，所给词third的基数词为three“三”。故填Three。
84．句意：平原君说：“我听说有才能的人就像布袋里的锥子，它的尖很快就会刺穿布袋。你在这里呆了很久，但我还没有看到你的任何成就。也许你不是很有帮助？”根据“sharp tip will soon pierce (刺穿) through the bag”可知，此处需填形容词性物主代词作定语修饰tip，its“它的”。故填its。
85．句意：平原君说：“我听说有才能的人就像布袋里的锥子，它的尖很快就会刺穿布袋。你在这里呆了很久，但我还没有看到你的任何成就。也许你不是很有帮助？”根据“Maybe you aren’t so”可知，此处需填形容词作表语。结合“but I haven’t seen any of your achievements.”可知，指的是也许你不是很有“帮助”，英文表达为helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。
86．句意：在毛遂的帮助下，赵国终于活了下来，毛遂成了国家的英雄。根据“Zhao...remained alive in the end and Mao Sui became a hero of the state.”可知，此处需填副词修饰动词，所给词final的副词为finally“最终”。故填finally。
87．句意：“毛遂自荐”是用来形容一个人自愿做一件事。根据“‘Mao Sui recommending himself’...to describe...”可知，此处需填谓语动词，主语“毛遂自荐”和use“使用”之间为被动关系，指的是该成语“被用来”形容一个人自愿做某事。结合下文“There are...”可知，时态为一般现在时。因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“毛遂自荐”为三单，用is used。故填is used。
88．句意：当机会来临时，我们应该自信地抓住它们，并实现自己的价值。根据“arrive”可知，此处需填名词的复数形式，chance“机会”的复数为chances。故填chances。
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