2024届高三8月质量检测
英语
注意事项：1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
(山西听力不计入总分, 此处听力省略, 考生如想练习, 请自行练习)
第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As more and more people seek to live healthier lifestyles, the popularity of organic food has grown significantly. But what exactly is “organic” food Organic food refers to produce and other agricultural products that are grown or raised without the use of synthetic pesticides, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), antibiotics, or growth hormones.
Organic farming focuses on sustainable practices that promote soil health, conserve water, and support natural ecosystems. Farmers who practice organic farming often use techniques such as crop rotation, composting, and natural pest control to maintain the health of their crops and the environment.
Consumers are drawn to organic food for various reasons. Some believe that organic food is healthier because it contains fewer synthetic chemicals. Others are concerned about the environmental impact of conventional farming methods and choose organic products to support more sustainable practices.
However, organic food does come with some drawbacks. It tends to be more expensive than conventionally produced food due to the labor-intensive nature of organic farming and the lower crop yields that can result from avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Additionally, the strict regulations that govern organic farming can make it challenging for some farmers to obtain and maintain organic certification.
Overall, the choice between organic and conventionally produced food often depends on individual priorities. While organic food offers potential health and environmental benefits, it may not always be the most practical or affordable option for everyone.
1. What does “organic” food refer to
A. Food grown with synthetic pesticides.
B. Food produced with GMOs.
C. Food grown without synthetic pesticides and GMOs.
D. Food raised with antibiotics and growth hormones.
2. What is a common practice in organic farming to maintain crop and environmental health
A. Using synthetic pesticides.
B. Employing genetic modification.
C Practicing crop rotation and natural pest control.
D. Applying growth hormones.
3. Why do some consumers choose organic food
A. To reduce labor-intensive farming.
B. To support conventional farming methods.
C. To save costs on groceries.
D. To promote healthier and more sustainable practices.
B
In recent years, advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have brought both excitement and concerns to various fields. One area where AI is making a profound impact is the medical field, particularly in the domain of diagnostics.
Al-powered diagnostic systems leverage deep learning algorithms to analyze medical images, such as X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans. These algorithms can detect subtle patterns and anomalies that might be missed by human radiologists, potentially leading to earlier and more accurate diagnoses.
However, the integration of AI in medical diagnostics raises complex ethical questions. For instance, who should be held responsible if an AI system misdiagnoses a patient’s condition Should AI algorithms be treated as medical professionals, with legal and liability implications These questions become even more intricate when considering that AI systems learn from vast datasets of medical information, which might contain biases or inaccuracies.
Furthermore, the adoption of AI diagnostics could impact the role of healthcare professionals. Some argue that AI could enhance doctors’ capabilities by providing them with additional insights, while others fear that it might replace human expertise, leading to job losses and a potential decrease in the quality of patient care. Despite these challenges, proponents of AI diagnostics emphasize its potential to improve healthcare accessibility, especially in underserved regions where there is a shortage of skilled medical professionals. Al-powered diagnostics could provide preliminary assessments and recommendations, helping to bridge the gap between patients and healthcare providers.
4. What is the primary advantage of AI-powered diagnostic systems in the medical field
A. They provide additional insights to doctors.
B. They replace the need for human radiologists.
C. They analyze medical images using deep learning algorithms.
D. They focus on detecting visible patterns in medical images.
5. What is a potential ethical concern regarding AI in medical diagnostics
A. The potential for AI algorithms to replace human doctors.
B. The reliability of AI algorithms in analyzing medical images.
C. The legal responsibility for misdiagnoses made by AI systems.
D. The biased data used for training AI algorithms.
6. How might the integration of AI diagnostics impact healthcare professionals
A. AI could enhance doctors’ expertise and skills.
B. AI could lead to job losses in the medical field.
C. AI could decrease the quality of patient care.
D. AI could replace human doctors completely.
7. What potential benefit of AI diagnostics is highlighted in the text
A. AI diagnostics could decrease the quality of patient care.
B. AI diagnostics could primarily serve regions with sufficient medical professionals.
C. AI diagnostics could bridge the gap in healthcare accessibility.
D. AI diagnostics could replace the need for skilled radiologists.
C
The concept of universal basic income (UBI) has gained significant attention in recent years as societies grapple with the potential impacts of automation and technological advancements on the job market. UBI is a proposed economic policy in which all citizens or residents of a country receive a regular, unconditional cash payment from the government.
Proponents of UBI argue that it could address issues such as poverty, income inequality, and job displacement caused by automation. By providing a basic income floor, individuals would have financial stability to cover their essential needs, even if traditional employment opportunities diminish. This, in turn, could foster entrepreneurship, creativity, and pursuit of education.
Critics, however, raise several concerns about the feasibility and consequences of UBI. One major concern is the potential cost of implementing such a program. Providing a universal basic income to an entire population would require significant financial resources, which could strain government budgets and lead to increased taxation. Additionally, some worry that UBI might discourage people from actively seeking employment or pursuing career advancement, as they may opt for a guaranteed income without the need for work.
Furthermore, UBI may not fully address the complexities of poverty and inequality. It could overlook the structural factors that contribute to these issues, such as lack of access to quality education and healthcare. Critics argue that a more effective approach would involve targeted social programs that address the root causes of poverty and offer assistance where it is most needed.
As the debate around UBI continues, policymakers and economists grapple with questions about its implementation, impact on work incentives, and potential to reshape social and economic dynamics.
8. What is universal basic income (UBI)
A. A cash payment for citizens during technological advancements.
B. An unconditional cash payment for government employees.
C. A policy where all citizens receive regular cash from the government.
D. Financial resources for entrepreneurs and creative individuals.
9. According to proponents, how might UBI affect individuals’ pursuit of education
A. It could discourage education due to guaranteed income.
B. It could increase access to quality education.
C. It could lead to more job opportunities
D. It could support traditional employment opportunities.
10. What is a significant concern raised by critics of UBI
A. Lack of access to quality education and healthcare.
B. The potential cost and funding of the program.
C. UBI’s impact on social and economic dynamics.
D. UBI’s focus on entrepreneurship over traditional jobs.
11. What is suggested as an alternative approach to addressing poverty and inequality
A. Providing unconditional cash payments to all citizens.
B. Focusing solely on technological advancements.
C Implementing targeted social programs addressing root causes.
D. Relying on traditional employment opportunities.
D
Cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, have revolutionized the way we think about money and transactions. These digital assets are based on blockchain technology, a decentralized and transparent system that enables secure peer-to-peer transactions without the need for intermediaries like banks.
The potential applications of cryptocurrencies extend beyond simple transactions. Smart contracts, for instance, are self-executing contracts with terms directly written into code. They automatically execute and enforce the terms of an agreement when specific conditions are met. This technology has implications across various industries, from supply chain management to real estate.
However, the rise of cryptocurrencies has also given rise to challenges. One major concern is their volatility. The value of cryptocurrencies can fluctuate dramatically within short periods, making them risky investment options. Additionally, the pseudonymous nature of transactions has led to debates about the potential for illicit activities, such as money laundering and tax evasion.
Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are grappling with how to classify, regulate, and tax cryptocurrencies. The decentralized nature of these digital assets challenges traditional regulatory frameworks. Some countries have embraced cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology, while others have implemented strict regulations or outright bans.
The future of cryptocurrencies is still uncertain. Proponents believe they could reshape the financial system, enabling greater financial inclusion and efficiency. Critics worry about their potential negative impacts and the need for more comprehensive regulations to protect consumers and prevent misuse.
12. How do cryptocurrencies enable secure transactions without intermediaries
A. They rely on banks to facilitate transactions.
B. They are based on blockchain technology.
C. They require government oversight for security.
D. They use smart contracts for validation.
13 What is a smart contract
A. A contract executed by banks for digital transactions.
B. A contract written in human-readable language.
C. A contract enforced by intermediaries.
D. A self-executing contract with terms in code
14. What is a major concern regarding the value of cryptocurrencies
A. Their stable and predictable value.
B. Their potential to replace traditional currency.
C. Their susceptibility to fluctuations.
D. Their resistance to technological advancements.
15. How have governments responded to the rise of cryptocurrencies
A. Most countries have embraced cryptocurrencies without regulations.
B. Governments have adopted uniform regulations for cryptocurrencies.
C. Governments have struggled to regulate and classify cryptocurrencies.
D. All countries have implemented strict bans on cryptocurrencies.
第二节
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入第一, 三, 五, 八, 十一, 十四, 十六句处。共填七处。
____16____ The concept of time has fascinated philosophers, scientists, and artists throughout history. Time’s passage seems relentless, yet its nature remains a subject of deep contemplation and debate. ____17____ Some believe time is an objective reality, an unchanging stream that flows independently of human perception. Others argue that time is a construct of the human mind, a way for us to make sense of the world.
____18____ The idea of time travel has captured the human imagination for centuries. Fictional works, from H. G. Wells’ “The Time Machine” to Christopher Nolan’s “Interstellar, ” explore the possibilities and paradoxes of traversing the temporal landscape. While time travel remains relegated to the realm of science fiction, the study of time’s nature and behavior is a serious pursuit among physicists.
____19____ One intriguing phenomenon related to time is time dilation, a concept from Einstein’s theory of relativity. According to this theory, time can slow down or speed up depending on factors like velocity and gravity. This phenomenon has been experimentally verified with atomic clocks flown on fast-moving airplanes and placed in strong gravitational fields
____20____ Philosophical discussions about the nature of time often touch on the distinction between past, present, and future. Some physicists propose that all moments in time exist simultaneously, blurring the lines between these temporal divisions. This idea challenges our common sense understanding of time as a linear progression.
____21____ Moreover, the concept of time has cultural and psychological dimensions. Different cultures and religions perceive time differently, with varying views on the significance of the past, present, and future. ____22____ Psychologically, time perception can be influenced by factors such as age, emotions, and cognitive processes.
A. This has led to debates about whether time travel is theoretically possible.
B. Einstein’s theories revolutionized our understanding of time and space.
C. These considerations raise fundamental questions about the nature of time.
D. Some cultures emphasize a cyclical view of time, while others focus on linear progression.
E. Our ability to perceive the passage of time is central to human experience.
F. Time’s connection to our personal memories and experiences is undeniable.
G. Philosophers have pondered whether time itself has a direction or purpose.
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Over the past few decades, technology has profoundly transformed the way we live and work. The digital revolution has brought about____23____ changes to industries, economies, and societies worldwide. As we continue to navigate this rapidly changing landscape, it is crucial to understand the ____24____ impact of technology on various aspects of our lives.
In the realm of employment, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping job markets. Routine tasks that were once carried out by humans are now____25____ by machines with remarkable efficiency. While this automation has increased productivity and reduced errors, it has also ____26____ concerns about job displacement and the need for upskilling.
The education sector has not been immune to technological advancements either. Online learning platforms and digital resources have____27____ traditional classroom settings. This shift offers flexibility in learning, but it also requires learners to possess strong____28____ skills to navigate digital environments effectively.
Communication has been revolutionized by technology as well. Social media platforms enable instantaneous global____29____, connecting people across borders. However, the rapid spread of information in the digital age has____30____ challenges related to misinformation and privacy breaches.
Healthcare has witnessed the integration of technology through telemedicine and remote monitoring. While these innovations improve access to medical services, they also raise questions about the ____31____ of personal health data and the potential loss of the human touch in patient care.
In the realm of creativity, technology has opened new avenues for artistic expression. Digital art, virtual reality experiences, and interactive storytelling have____32____ boundaries in the creative world. However, concerns linger about the ____33____ of originality and the potential loss of tangible artistic experiences.
The environment benefits from technology through innovations in renewable energy and resource management. Yet, the____34____ footprint of electronic devices and the challenge of electronic waste management underscore the ____35____ implications of the digital revolution.
In conclusion, technology’s far-reaching influence touches every aspect of our lives. Its ____36____ can be both empowering and concerning. To navigate this complex landscape, individuals, businesses, and policymakers must work together to harness the potential of technology while addressing its____37____ challenges.
23. A. incremental B. revolutionary C. gradual D. minimal
24. A. profound B. superficial C. theoretical D. casual
25. A. substituted B. enhanced C. abandoned D. detected
26. A. suppressed B. triggered C. alleviated D. sparked
27. A. surpassed B. preserved C. substituted D. revived
28. A. digital B. analytical C. cognitive D. interpersonal
29. A. correspondence B. connectivity C. isolation D. suspension
30. A. solved B. raised C. suppressed D. established
31. A. protection B. vulnerability C. anticipation D. interpretation
32. A. extended B. imposed C. enforced D. dissolved
33 A. preservation B. authenticity C. distortion D. manipulation
34. A. insignificant B. extensive C. marginal D. deliberate
35. A. beneficial B. detrimental C. ambiguous D. prevalent
36. A. implications B. consequences C. limitations D. requirements
37. A. promising B. potential C. evident D. underlying
第二节
语法填空
Are you a true lover of words Are you fascinated by the way language evolves and adapts to different ____38____ (situate) If so, you might enjoy exploring the realm of etymology, which is the study of the origins and ____39____ (develop) of words.
Etymology ____40____ (trace) the history of words, revealing their journeys from ancient languages to the modern lexicon. By understanding the ____41____ (originate) and transformations of words, we gain insights into the cultures and societies that shaped them.
Many words have ____42____ (intrigue) stories behind them. For instance, the word “pharmacy” can be traced back to the Greek word “pharmakon,” which meant both “poison” and “remedy.” This ____43____ (reflect) the ancient belief that substances could be both harmful and healing, depending on their use.
Languages are like living organisms, constantly changing to meet the ____44____ (communicate) needs of their speakers. New words are coined, while others fade into obscurity. Some words evolve in ____45____ (mean) over time, taking on new nuances and connotations.
Even as technology ____46____ (transform) the way we communicate, the essence of language remains a powerful means of expression. So, the next time you read a sentence or speak a phrase, remember that you are participating in a rich tapestry of linguistic history and innovation.
第四部分 写作
第一节
47. 假设你是李华，你所在的城市近年来面临着严重的环境问题，包括空气污染、水污染和生态失衡。你打算写一封信给当地政府，提出你的关切并提供一些建议，希望政府能够采取积极措施来改善环境状况，促进可持续发展。
写作内容包括：
1, 简要介绍环境问题的现状和影响；
2. 表达你的关切和担忧；
3. 提供一些具体的建议，如提高环保意识、鼓励绿色出行、加强废物分类等；
4, 呼吁政府采取积极措施，保护环境，为下一代创造更好的生活环境。
注意：词数要求80-120词。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
48. 阅读下面短文, 然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
The old bridge had stood for generations connecting the two villages across the roaring river. Over time, its weathered timbers and worn stones had become a symbol of resilience, unity, and shared history. People crossed the bridge for daily activities, their footsteps echoing stories of the past. However, with modernization, plans for a new, sleek bridge were introduced to accommodate the increasing traffic and faster-paced lifestyles.
Despite the convenience the new bridge would bring, the villagers faced a dilemma. They couldn’t bear the thought of parting with the old bridge, the embodiment of their heritage. After passionate discussions, they decided to preserve the old bridge as a monument of cultural significance. The new bridge would serve as a testament to progress while the old bridge would stand as a tribute to history.
Years later, tourists from around the world marveled at the harmonious coexistence of tradition and modernity in the village. The old bridge, though retired from active use, continued to bridge the gap between generations, reminding everyone of the importance of honoring the past while embracing the future.
写作要求：
1. 以约30词概括短文的主要内容；
2, 然后以约120词就“保护文化遗产”的主题发表你的看法, 并包括以下要点：
文化遗产的重要性；
如何保护和传承文化遗产；
你的实际行动或倡议。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024届高三8月质量检测
英语
注意事项：1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
(山西听力不计入总分, 此处听力省略, 考生如想练习, 请自行练习)
第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As more and more people seek to live healthier lifestyles, the popularity of organic food has grown significantly. But what exactly is “organic” food Organic food refers to produce and other agricultural products that are grown or raised without the use of synthetic pesticides, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), antibiotics, or growth hormones.
Organic farming focuses on sustainable practices that promote soil health, conserve water, and support natural ecosystems. Farmers who practice organic farming often use techniques such as crop rotation, composting, and natural pest control to maintain the health of their crops and the environment.
Consumers are drawn to organic food for various reasons. Some believe that organic food is healthier because it contains fewer synthetic chemicals. Others are concerned about the environmental impact of conventional farming methods and choose organic products to support more sustainable practices.
However, organic food does come with some drawbacks. It tends to be more expensive than conventionally produced food due to the labor-intensive nature of organic farming and the lower crop yields that can result from avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Additionally, the strict regulations that govern organic farming can make it challenging for some farmers to obtain and maintain organic certification.
Overall, the choice between organic and conventionally produced food often depends on individual priorities. While organic food offers potential health and environmental benefits, it may not always be the most practical or affordable option for everyone.
1. What does “organic” food refer to
A. Food grown with synthetic pesticides.
B. Food produced with GMOs.
C. Food grown without synthetic pesticides and GMOs.
D. Food raised with antibiotics and growth hormones.
2. What is a common practice in organic farming to maintain crop and environmental health
A. Using synthetic pesticides.
B. Employing genetic modification.
C. Practicing crop rotation and natural pest control.
D. Applying growth hormones.
3. Why do some consumers choose organic food
A. To reduce labor-intensive farming.
B. To support conventional farming methods.
C. To save costs on groceries.
D. To promote healthier and more sustainable practices.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了有机食品的定义、有机农业的实践、消费者选择有机食品的原因，以及有机食品的一些缺点和选择的考虑因素。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But what exactly is “organic” food Organic food refers to produce and other agricultural products that are grown or raised without the use of synthetic pesticides, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), antibiotics, or growth hormones.(但究竟什么是“有机”食品呢 有机食品是指不使用合成农药、转基因生物、抗生素或生长激素种植或饲养的农产品和其他农产品)”可知，有机食品是指不使用合成农药、转基因生物、抗生素或生长激素种植或饲养的农产品和其他农产品。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Organic farming focuses on sustainable practices that promote soil health, conserve water, and support natural ecosystems. Farmers who practice organic farming often use techniques such as crop rotation, composting, and natural pest control to maintain the health of their crops and the environment.(有机农业侧重于促进土壤健康、保护水资源和支持自然生态系统的可持续做法。实行有机农业的农民通常使用轮作、堆肥和自然虫害控制等技术来保持作物和环境的健康)”可知，在有机农业中，保持作物和环境健康的常见做法是实行轮作和自然防治虫害。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Consumers are drawn to organic food for various reasons. Some believe that organic food is healthier because it contains fewer synthetic chemicals. Others are concerned about the environmental impact of conventional farming methods and choose organic products to support more sustainable practices.(消费者被有机食品吸引的原因有很多。一些人认为有机食品更健康，因为它含有更少的合成化学物质。另一些人则担心传统耕作方式对环境的影响，并选择有机产品来支持更可持续的做法)”可知，有些消费者认为有机食品更健康，以及选择有机产品来支持更可持续的做法。故选D项。
B
In recent years, advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have brought both excitement and concerns to various fields. One area where AI is making a profound impact is the medical field, particularly in the domain of diagnostics.
Al-powered diagnostic systems leverage deep learning algorithms to analyze medical images, such as X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans. These algorithms can detect subtle patterns and anomalies that might be missed by human radiologists, potentially leading to earlier and more accurate diagnoses.
However, the integration of AI in medical diagnostics raises complex ethical questions. For instance, who should be held responsible if an AI system misdiagnoses a patient’s condition Should AI algorithms be treated as medical professionals, with legal and liability implications These questions become even more intricate when considering that AI systems learn from vast datasets of medical information, which might contain biases or inaccuracies.
Furthermore, the adoption of AI diagnostics could impact the role of healthcare professionals. Some argue that AI could enhance doctors’ capabilities by providing them with additional insights, while others fear that it might replace human expertise, leading to job losses and a potential decrease in the quality of patient care. Despite these challenges, proponents of AI diagnostics emphasize its potential to improve healthcare accessibility, especially in underserved regions where there is a shortage of skilled medical professionals. Al-powered diagnostics could provide preliminary assessments and recommendations, helping to bridge the gap between patients and healthcare providers.
4. What is the primary advantage of AI-powered diagnostic systems in the medical field
A. They provide additional insights to doctors.
B. They replace the need for human radiologists.
C. They analyze medical images using deep learning algorithms.
D. They focus on detecting visible patterns in medical images.
5. What is a potential ethical concern regarding AI in medical diagnostics
A. The potential for AI algorithms to replace human doctors.
B. The reliability of AI algorithms in analyzing medical images.
C. The legal responsibility for misdiagnoses made by AI systems.
D. The biased data used for training AI algorithms.
6. How might the integration of AI diagnostics impact healthcare professionals
A. AI could enhance doctors’ expertise and skills.
B. AI could lead to job losses in the medical field.
C. AI could decrease the quality of patient care.
D. AI could replace human doctors completely.
7. What potential benefit of AI diagnostics is highlighted in the text
A. AI diagnostics could decrease the quality of patient care.
B. AI diagnostics could primarily serve regions with sufficient medical professionals.
C. AI diagnostics could bridge the gap in healthcare accessibility.
D. AI diagnostics could replace the need for skilled radiologists.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。近年来，人工智能(AI)的进步给各个领域带来了兴奋和担忧。人工智能正在产生深远影响的一个领域是医疗领域，特别是在诊断领域。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Al-powered diagnostic systems leverage deep learning algorithms to analyze medical images, such as X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans.(人工智能诊断系统利用深度学习算法来分析医学图像，如x射线、核磁共振成像和CT扫描)”可知，人工智能诊断系统在医疗领域的主要优势在于，它们使用深度学习算法分析医学图像。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“However, the integration of AI in medical diagnostics raises complex ethical questions. For instance, who should be held responsible if an AI system misdiagnoses a patient’s condition (然而，人工智能在医疗诊断中的整合引发了复杂的伦理问题。例如，如果人工智能系统误诊了病人的病情，谁应该承担责任 )”可知，人工智能在医疗诊断中的潜在伦理问题是人工智能系统误诊的法律责任。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“while others fear that it might replace human expertise, leading to job losses and a potential decrease in the quality of patient care. (而另一些人则担心它可能取代人类的专业知识，导致失业，并可能降低患者护理质量)”可知，人工智能诊断对医疗保健专业人员的影响是人工智能可能会导致医疗领域的失业。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Despite these challenges, proponents of AI diagnostics emphasize its potential to improve healthcare accessibility, especially in underserved regions where there is a shortage of skilled medical professionals. Al-powered diagnostics could provide preliminary assessments and recommendations, helping to bridge the gap between patients and healthcare providers.(尽管存在这些挑战，但人工智能诊断的支持者强调，它有可能改善医疗服务的可及性，特别是在缺乏熟练医疗专业人员的服务不足地区。人工智能诊断可以提供初步评估和建议，帮助弥合患者和医疗保健提供者之间的差距)”可知，人工智能诊断可以弥补医疗保健可及性方面的差距。故选C。
C
The concept of universal basic income (UBI) has gained significant attention in recent years as societies grapple with the potential impacts of automation and technological advancements on the job market. UBI is a proposed economic policy in which all citizens or residents of a country receive a regular, unconditional cash payment from the government.
Proponents of UBI argue that it could address issues such as poverty, income inequality, and job displacement caused by automation. By providing a basic income floor, individuals would have financial stability to cover their essential needs, even if traditional employment opportunities diminish. This, in turn, could foster entrepreneurship, creativity, and pursuit of education.
Critics, however, raise several concerns about the feasibility and consequences of UBI. One major concern is the potential cost of implementing such a program. Providing a universal basic income to an entire population would require significant financial resources, which could strain government budgets and lead to increased taxation. Additionally, some worry that UBI might discourage people from actively seeking employment or pursuing career advancement, as they may opt for a guaranteed income without the need for work.
Furthermore UBI may not fully address the complexities of poverty and inequality. It could overlook the structural factors that contribute to these issues, such as lack of access to quality education and healthcare. Critics argue that a more effective approach would involve targeted social programs that address the root causes of poverty and offer assistance where it is most needed.
As the debate around UBI continues, policymakers and economists grapple with questions about its implementation, impact on work incentives, and potential to reshape social and economic dynamics.
8. What is universal basic income (UBI)
A. A cash payment for citizens during technological advancements.
B. An unconditional cash payment for government employees.
C. A policy where all citizens receive regular cash from the government.
D. Financial resources for entrepreneurs and creative individuals.
9. According to proponents, how might UBI affect individuals’ pursuit of education
A. It could discourage education due to guaranteed income.
B. It could increase access to quality education.
C. It could lead to more job opportunities
D. It could support traditional employment opportunities.
10. What is a significant concern raised by critics of UBI
A. Lack of access to quality education and healthcare.
B. The potential cost and funding of the program.
C. UBI’s impact on social and economic dynamics.
D. UBI’s focus on entrepreneurship over traditional jobs.
11. What is suggested as an alternative approach to addressing poverty and inequality
A. Providing unconditional cash payments to all citizens.
B. Focusing solely on technological advancements.
C. Implementing targeted social programs addressing root causes.
D. Relying on traditional employment opportunities.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了全民基本收入的概念并列举了支持者和反对者的观点，针对全民基本收入可能无法完全解决贫困和不平等的复杂性提出了相对应的建议。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“UBI is a proposed economic policy in which all citizens or residents of a country receive a regular, unconditional cash payment from the government.(全民基本收入是一项拟议中的经济政策，在这项政策中，一个国家的所有公民或居民都能从政府那里获得定期的、无条件的现金支付)”可知，全民基本收入是指所有公民定期从政府获得现金的政策。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Proponents of UBI argue that it could address issues such as poverty, income inequality, and job displacement caused by automation. By providing a basic income floor, individuals would have financial stability to cover their essential needs, even if traditional employment opportunities diminish. This, in turn, could foster entrepreneurship, creativity, and pursuit of education.(全民基本收入的支持者认为，它可以解决贫困、收入不平等和自动化导致的工作岗位流失等问题。通过提供基本收入底线，即使传统的就业机会减少，个人也将有稳定的财务来满足他们的基本需求。这反过来又可以促进企业家精神、创造力和对教育的追求。)”可知，全民基本收入通过提供基本收入底线，让个人有稳定的财务来满足他们的基本需求，可得出它通过增加获得优质教育的机会来影响个人对教育的追求。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Critics, however, raise several concerns about the feasibility and consequences of UBI. One major concern is the potential cost of implementing such a program. Providing a universal basic income to an entire population would require significant financial resources, which could strain government budgets and lead to increased taxation.(然而，批评者对全民基本收入的可行性和后果提出了一些担忧。一个主要的担忧是实施这样一个计划的潜在成本。向全体人民提供普遍的基本收入将需要大量的财政资源，这可能会使政府预算紧张，并导致税收增加。)”可知，全民基本收入的批评者对该计划的潜在成本和资金提出了重大担忧。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Critics argue that a more effective approach would involve targeted social programs that address the root causes of poverty and offer assistance where it is most needed.(批评人士认为，更有效的方法应该包括有针对性的社会项目，解决贫困的根本原因，并在最需要的地方提供援助)”可知，实施有针对性的社会项目，解决根本原因，被认为是解决贫困和不平等的另一种方法。故选C。
D
Cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, have revolutionized the way we think about money and transactions. These digital assets are based on blockchain technology, a decentralized and transparent system that enables secure peer-to-peer transactions without the need for intermediaries like banks.
The potential applications of cryptocurrencies extend beyond simple transactions. Smart contracts, for instance, are self-executing contracts with terms directly written into code. They automatically execute and enforce the terms of an agreement when specific conditions are met. This technology has implications across various industries, from supply chain management to real estate.
However, the rise of cryptocurrencies has also given rise to challenges. One major concern is their volatility. The value of cryptocurrencies can fluctuate dramatically within short periods, making them risky investment options. Additionally, the pseudonymous nature of transactions has led to debates about the potential for illicit activities, such as money laundering and tax evasion.
Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are grappling with how to classify, regulate, and tax cryptocurrencies. The decentralized nature of these digital assets challenges traditional regulatory frameworks. Some countries have embraced cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology, while others have implemented strict regulations or outright bans.
The future of cryptocurrencies is still uncertain. Proponents believe they could reshape the financial system, enabling greater financial inclusion and efficiency. Critics worry about their potential negative impacts and the need for more comprehensive regulations to protect consumers and prevent misuse.
12. How do cryptocurrencies enable secure transactions without intermediaries
A. They rely on banks to facilitate transactions.
B. They are based on blockchain technology.
C. They require government oversight for security.
D. They use smart contracts for validation.
13. What is a smart contract
A. A contract executed by banks for digital transactions.
B. A contract written in human-readable language.
C. A contract enforced by intermediaries.
D. A self-executing contract with terms in code
14. What is a major concern regarding the value of cryptocurrencies
A. Their stable and predictable value.
B. Their potential to replace traditional currency.
C. Their susceptibility to fluctuations.
D. Their resistance to technological advancements.
15. How have governments responded to the rise of cryptocurrencies
A. Most countries have embraced cryptocurrencies without regulations.
B. Governments have adopted uniform regulations for cryptocurrencies.
C. Governments have struggled to regulate and classify cryptocurrencies.
D. All countries have implemented strict bans on cryptocurrencies.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加密数字货币，这些数字资产基于区块链技术，这是一种分散和透明的系统，可以实现安全的点对点交易，而无需银行等中介机构。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“These digital assets are based on blockchain technology, a decentralized and transparent system that enables secure peer-to-peer transactions without the need for intermediaries like banks.(这些数字资产基于区块链技术，这是一种分散和透明的系统，可以实现安全的点对点交易，而无需银行等中介机构)”可知，加密货币基于区块链技术，可以在没有中介的情况下实现安全交易。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Smart contracts, for instance, are self-executing contracts with terms directly written into code. They automatically execute and enforce the terms of an agreement when specific conditions are met. (例如，智能合约是自动执行的合约，其条款直接写入代码。当满足特定条件时，他们自动执行和执行协议条款)”可推知，智能合约是一种带有代码条款的自动执行合约。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“One major concern is their volatility. The value of cryptocurrencies can fluctuate dramatically within short periods, making them risky investment options.(一个主要的担忧是它们的波动性。加密货币的价值可能在短期内大幅波动，使其成为高风险的投资选择)”可知，关于加密货币价值的一个主要担忧是它们对波动的敏感性。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are grappling with how to classify, regulate, and tax cryptocurrencies.(世界各国政府和监管机构正在努力解决如何对加密货币进行分类、监管和征税的问题)”可推知，各国政府对加密货币崛起的反应是努力监管和分类加密货币。故选C。
第二节
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入第一, 三, 五, 八, 十一, 十四, 十六句处。共填七处。
____16____ The concept of time has fascinated philosophers, scientists, and artists throughout history. Time’s passage seems relentless, yet its nature remains a subject of deep contemplation and debate. ____17____ Some believe time is an objective reality, an unchanging stream that flows independently of human perception. Others argue that time is a construct of the human mind, a way for us to make sense of the world.
____18____ The idea of time travel has captured the human imagination for centuries. Fictional works, from H. G. Wells’ “The Time Machine” to Christopher Nolan’s “Interstellar, ” explore the possibilities and paradoxes of traversing the temporal landscape. While time travel remains relegated to the realm of science fiction, the study of time’s nature and behavior is a serious pursuit among physicists.
____19____ One intriguing phenomenon related to time is time dilation, a concept from Einstein’s theory of relativity. According to this theory, time can slow down or speed up depending on factors like velocity and gravity. This phenomenon has been experimentally verified with atomic clocks flown on fast-moving airplanes and placed in strong gravitational fields
____20____ Philosophical discussions about the nature of time often touch on the distinction between past, present, and future. Some physicists propose that all moments in time exist simultaneously, blurring the lines between these temporal divisions. This idea challenges our common sense understanding of time as a linear progression.
____21____ Moreover, the concept of time has cultural and psychological dimensions. Different cultures and religions perceive time differently, with varying views on the significance of the past, present, and future. ____22____ Psychologically, time perception can be influenced by factors such as age, emotions, and cognitive processes.
A. This has led to debates about whether time travel is theoretically possible.
B Einstein’s theories revolutionized our understanding of time and space.
C. These considerations raise fundamental questions about the nature of time.
D. Some cultures emphasize a cyclical view of time, while others focus on linear progression.
E. Our ability to perceive the passage of time is central to human experience.
F. Time’s connection to our personal memories and experiences is undeniable.
G. Philosophers have pondered whether time itself has a direction or purpose.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. F 22. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。时间的概念一直令哲学家、科学家和艺术家着迷，本文讲述了关于时间本质的基本问题。
【16题详解】
根据后句“The concept of time has fascinated philosophers, scientists, and artists throughout history. (历史上，时间的概念一直令哲学家、科学家和艺术家着迷。)”可知，设空处为哲学家一直思考时间的方向和目的。G项：Philosophers have pondered whether time itself has a direction or purpose.(哲学家们一直在思考时间本身是否有方向或目的)合乎题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上句“Time’s passage seems relentless, yet its nature remains a subject of deep contemplation and debate.(时间的流逝似乎是无情的，但它的本质仍然是一个深刻思考和辩论的主题)”可知，感知时间流逝的能力是人类体验的核心。E项：Our ability to perceive the passage of time is central to human experience.(我们感知时间流逝的能力是人类体验的核心。)合乎题意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据后句“The idea of time travel has captured the human imagination for centuries (几个世纪以来，时间旅行的想法一直激发着人类的想象力)” 可知，时间旅行是否可行一直的困扰着人们，A项：This has led to debates about whether time travel is theoretically possible.(这引发了关于时间旅行在理论上是否可行的争论)合乎题意。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据后句“One intriguing phenomenon related to time is time dilation, a concept from Einstein’s theory of relativity.(与时间有关的一个有趣现象是时间膨胀，这是爱因斯坦相对论中的一个概念)”可知，设空处为爱因斯坦的理论对我们对时间和空间的理解的影响，B项：Einstein’s theories revolutionized our understanding of time and space.(爱因斯坦的理论彻底改变了我们对时间和空间的理解。)合乎题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据后句“Philosophical discussions about the nature of time often touch on the distinction between past, present, and future.(关于时间本质的哲学讨论经常涉及过去、现在和未来之间的区别。)”可知，设空处引出时间本质的问题。C项：These considerations raise fundamental questions about the nature of time.(这些考虑提出了关于时间本质的基本问题)合乎题意。故选C。
【21题详解】
根据后句“Moreover, the concept of time has cultural and psychological dimensions. (此外，时间概念具有文化和心理层面。)”可知，设空处说明时间与我们个人记忆和经历联系，F项：Time’s connection to our personal memories and experiences is undeniable.(时间与我们个人记忆和经历的联系是不可否认的)合乎题意。故选F。
【22题详解】
根据上句“Different cultures and religions perceive time differently, with varying views on the significance of the past, present, and future (不同的文化和宗教对时间的感知不同，对过去、现在和未来的意义有不同的看法)”可知，设空处具体说明不同的文化对时间的感知，D项：Some cultures emphasize a cyclical view of time, while others focus on linear progression.(一些文化强调时间的循环观，而另一些文化则强调线性发展)合乎题意。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Over the past few decades, technology has profoundly transformed the way we live and work. The digital revolution has brought about____23____ changes to industries, economies, and societies worldwide. As we continue to navigate this rapidly changing landscape, it is crucial to understand the ____24____ impact of technology on various aspects of our lives.
In the realm of employment, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping job markets. Routine tasks that were once carried out by humans are now____25____ by machines with remarkable efficiency. While this automation has increased productivity and reduced errors, it has also ____26____ concerns about job displacement and the need for upskilling.
The education sector has not been immune to technological advancements either. Online learning platforms and digital resources have____27____ traditional classroom settings. This shift offers flexibility in learning, but it also requires learners to possess strong____28____ skills to navigate digital environments effectively.
Communication has been revolutionized by technology as well. Social media platforms enable instantaneous global____29____, connecting people across borders. However, the rapid spread of information in the digital age has____30____ challenges related to misinformation and privacy breaches.
Healthcare has witnessed the integration of technology through telemedicine and remote monitoring. While these innovations improve access to medical services, they also raise questions about the ____31____ of personal health data and the potential loss of the human touch in patient care.
In the realm of creativity, technology has opened new avenues for artistic expression. Digital art, virtual reality experiences, and interactive storytelling have____32____ boundaries in the creative world. However, concerns linger about the ____33____ of originality and the potential loss of tangible artistic experiences.
The environment benefits from technology through innovations in renewable energy and resource management. Yet, the____34____ footprint of electronic devices and the challenge of electronic waste management underscore the ____35____ implications of the digital revolution.
In conclusion, technology’s far-reaching influence touches every aspect of our lives. Its ____36____ can be both empowering and concerning. To navigate this complex landscape, individuals, businesses, and policymakers must work together to harness the potential of technology while addressing its____37____ challenges.
23. A. incremental B. revolutionary C. gradual D. minimal
24. A. profound B. superficial C. theoretical D. casual
25. A. substituted B. enhanced C. abandoned D. detected
26. A. suppressed B. triggered C. alleviated D. sparked
27. A. surpassed B. preserved C. substituted D. revived
28. A. digital B. analytical C. cognitive D. interpersonal
29. A. correspondence B. connectivity C. isolation D. suspension
30. A. solved B. raised C. suppressed D. established
31. A. protection B. vulnerability C. anticipation D. interpretation
32. A. extended B. imposed C. enforced D. dissolved
33. A. preservation B. authenticity C. distortion D. manipulation
34. A. insignificant B. extensive C. marginal D. deliberate
35. A. beneficial B. detrimental C. ambiguous D. prevalent
36. A. implications B. consequences C. limitations D. requirements
37. A. promising B. potential C. evident D. underlying
【答案】23. B 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. B 36. B 37. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。数字革命给世界各地的工业、经济和社会带来了革命性的变化。本文主要讲述了数字革命的影响，以及要驾驭这一复杂的局面，个人、企业和政策制定者必须共同努力，利用技术的潜力，同时应对其潜在的挑战。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：数字革命给世界各地的工业、经济和社会带来了革命性的变化。A. incremental增加的，递增的；B. revolutionary革命的；C. gradual逐渐的，渐进的；D. minimal极小的，极少的。根据上文“Over the past few decades, technology has profoundly transformed the way we live and work.(在过去的几十年里，科技深刻地改变了我们的生活和工作方式)”可知，科技给我们的生活和工作方式带来的变化是革命性的。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们继续在这个瞬息万变的环境中前行，理解技术对我们生活各个方面的深远影响是至关重要的。A. profound（影响）深刻的，极大的；B. superficial粗浅的，粗略的；C. theoretical理论的；D. casual休闲的，便装的。根据“As we continue to navigate this rapidly changing landscape (当我们继续在这个瞬息万变的环境中前行)”以及“Over the past few decades, technology has profoundly transformed the way we live and work.(在过去的几十年里，科技深刻地改变了我们的生活和工作方式)”可知，理解技术对我们生活各个方面的深远影响是至关重要的。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去由人类完成日常工作现在被效率极高的机器所取代。A. substituted取代，代替；B. enhanced 提高，增强；C. abandoned抛弃，遗弃；D. detected发现，识别。根据“In the realm of employment, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping job markets.(在就业领域，自动化和人工智能(AI)正在重塑就业市场)”可知，过去由人类完成的日常工作正在被机器所取代。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这种自动化提高了生产力，减少了错误，但它也有缺点。引发了人们对失业和提高技能需求的担忧。A. suppressed镇压；阻碍发展；B. triggered触发的，起动的；C. alleviated减轻，缓和；D. sparked点燃，发动。根据“While this automation has increased productivity and reduced errors (然这种自动化提高了生产力，减少了错误，但它也有缺点)”可知，自动化的缺点引起了人们的担忧。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在线学习平台和数字资源已经超越了传统的课堂环境。A. surpassed 超过，凌驾；B. preserved保护；C. substituted代替；D. revived使复活，使恢复。根据“The education sector has not been immune to technological advancements either. (教育部门也未能幸免于技术进步)”可知，在教育中，自动化使在线学习平台和数字资源已经超越了传统的课堂环境。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种转变为学习提供了灵活性，但它也要求学习者拥有强大的认知技能，以有效地驾驭数字环境。A. digital数字的，数码的；B. analytical 具备分析能力的；C. cognitive认识的；D. interpersonal人际关系的。根据“to navigate digital environments effectively.(以有效地驾驭数字环境)”可知，有效地驾驭数字环境需要强大的认知技能。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体平台实现了即时的全球连接，将人们跨越国界联系在一起。A. correspondence信件，信函；B. connectivity连通（性）；C. isolation隔离，孤立；D. suspension暂停，中止。根据“connecting people across borders.(将人们跨越国界联系在一起)”可知，社交媒体平台实现了即时的全球连接。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，数字时代信息的迅速传播带来了与错误信息和侵犯隐私有关的挑战。A. solved解决；解答；B. raised引起，使出现；C. suppressed镇压；阻碍发展；D. established建立，设立。根据“challenges related to misinformation and privacy breaches.(错误信息和侵犯隐私有关的挑战)”可知，数字时代信息的迅速传播带来错误信息和侵犯隐私有关的挑战。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这些创新改善了获得医疗服务的机会，但它们也提出了个人健康数据的脆弱性以及在患者护理中可能失去人情味的问题。A. protection保护，防护；B. vulnerability易损性，弱点；C. anticipation 预期，预料；D. interpretation解释，理解。根据“the potential loss of the human touch in patient care.”可知，数字时代信息的迅速传播产生个人健康数据的脆弱性的问题。故选B。
32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：数字艺术、虚拟现实体验和互动叙事在创意世界中扩展了界限。A. extended扩大，延长；B. imposed欺骗；把……强加于；C. enforced执行；D. dissolved解散；解除。根据“In the realm of creativity, technology has opened new avenues for artistic expression.(在创意领域，科技为艺术表达开辟了新的途径。)”可知，在创意领域，数字艺术、虚拟现实体验和互动叙事扩展了界限。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，人们仍然担心原创的真实性和有形艺术体验的潜在损失。A. preservation保护，维护；B. authenticity真实性，可靠性；C. distortion歪曲，曲解；D. manipulation操纵；推拿。根据“concerns(担心)”以及“of originality(的创意)”可知，人们仍然担心原创的真实性。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，电子设备的广泛足迹和电子废物管理的挑战强调了数字革命的有害影响。A. insignificant微不足道的，无足轻重的；B. extensive广阔的；广泛的；C. marginal小的，微不足道的；D. deliberate小心翼翼的；深思熟虑的。根据“and the challenge of electronic waste management underscore the ____13____ implications of the digital revolution.(电子废物管理的挑战强调了数字革命的有害影响)”可知，电子设备的广泛足迹是数字革命的有害影响。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. beneficial有益的，有利的；B. detrimental有害的，不利的；C. ambiguous模棱两可的，有歧义的；D. prevalent盛行的，普遍的。根据“Yet, the extensive____12____ footprint of electronic devices and the challenge of electronic waste management (然而，电子设备的广泛足迹和电子废物管理的挑战)”可知，电子废物管理的挑战强调了数字革命的有害影响。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的后果可能是授权和关注。A. implications暗指，暗示；B. consequences后果，结果；C. limitations局限性；D. requirements要求。根据“In conclusion, technology’s far-reaching influence touches every aspect of our lives (总之，技术的深远影响触及我们生活的方方面面)”可知，技术影响到我们生活的方方面面，导致的结果是需要对其授权和关注。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要驾驭这一复杂的局面，个人、企业和政策制定者必须共同努力，利用技术的潜力，同时应对其潜在的挑战。A. promising有希望的，有前途的；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. evident清楚的，显然的；D. underlying根本的，潜在的。根据“To navigate this complex landscape(要驾驭这一复杂的局面)”可知，要驾驭这一复杂的局面，需要应对其潜在的挑战。故选B。
第二节
语法填空
Are you a true lover of words Are you fascinated by the way language evolves and adapts to different ____38____ (situate) If so, you might enjoy exploring the realm of etymology, which is the study of the origins and ____39____ (develop) of words.
Etymology ____40____ (trace) the history of words, revealing their journeys from ancient languages to the modern lexicon. By understanding the ____41____ (originate) and transformations of words, we gain insights into the cultures and societies that shaped them.
Many words have ____42____ (intrigue) stories behind them. For instance, the word “pharmacy” can be traced back to the Greek word “pharmakon,” which meant both “poison” and “remedy.” This ____43____ (reflect) the ancient belief that substances could be both harmful and healing, depending on their use.
Languages are like living organisms, constantly changing to meet the ____44____ (communicate) needs of their speakers. New words are coined, while others fade into obscurity. Some words evolve in ____45____ (mean) over time, taking on new nuances and connotations.
Even as technology ____46____ (transform) the way we communicate, the essence of language remains a powerful means of expression. So, the next time you read a sentence or speak a phrase, remember that you are participating in a rich tapestry of linguistic history and innovation.
【答案】38. situations
39. development
40. traces 41. origins
42. intriguing
43. reflects
munication
45. meaning
46. transforms
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了词源学研究的领域、作用与实例，说明了随着时间的变化，语言中的词汇在不断演化以满足人们的沟通需求。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：你对语言的演化和适应不同情况的方式着迷吗？分析句子可知，空处作介词to的宾语，空前有different“不同的”，应用可数名词situation“情况”的复数形式。故填situations。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果是这样，你可能会喜欢探索词源学的领域，也就是研究单词的起源和发展。分析句子可知，空处和origins并列作介词of的宾语，应用名词development“发展”，为不可数名词。故填development。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：词源学追溯单词的历史，揭示它们从古代语言到现代词汇的历程。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语Etymology是单数，trace应用第三人称单数形式。故填traces。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：通过了解单词的起源和变化，我们可以深入了解塑造它们的文化和社会。分析句子可知，空处和transformations并列作understanding的宾语，名词origin“起源”符合题意，结合words可知，起源不止一个，origin应用复数形式。故填origins。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：许多单词背后都有耐人寻味的故事。分析句子可知，空处作修饰stories的定语，描述故事的性质，以-ing结尾的形容词intriguing“非常有趣的，引人入胜的”符合题意。故填intriguing。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这反映了一种古老的信仰，即物质可能是有害的，也可能是治愈的，这取决于它们的用途。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语是This，reflect应用第三人称单数形式。故填reflects。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：语言就像有生命的有机体，不断变化以满足说话者的交流需要。分析句子可知，空处作修饰needs的定语，应用名词communication，意为“交流，沟通”，communication need是固定搭配，表示“交流需求，沟通需求”。故填communication。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，有些词的意思会发生变化，产生新的细微差别和内涵。分析句子可知，空处作介词in的宾语，应用名词meaning，意为“含义，意思”，in meaning是固定搭配，表示“在含义上，在意思上”。故填meaning。
【46题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：正当技术改变着我们的交流方式时，语言的本质仍然是一种强大的表达方式。分析句子可知，空处作从句谓语，此处在描述通常性的行为，时态应用一般现在时，且主语technology是单数，transform应用第三人称单数形式。故填transforms。
第四部分 写作
第一节
47. 假设你是李华，你所在的城市近年来面临着严重的环境问题，包括空气污染、水污染和生态失衡。你打算写一封信给当地政府，提出你的关切并提供一些建议，希望政府能够采取积极措施来改善环境状况，促进可持续发展。
写作内容包括：
1, 简要介绍环境问题的现状和影响；
2. 表达你的关切和担忧；
3. 提供一些具体的建议，如提高环保意识、鼓励绿色出行、加强废物分类等；
4, 呼吁政府采取积极措施，保护环境，为下一代创造更好的生活环境。
注意：词数要求80-120词。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to express my deep concern about the serious environmental issues our city is facing. The air and water pollution, along with ecological imbalances, are posing significant challenges.
The deteriorating air quality and polluted rivers are not only affecting our health but also deterring potential investors. Additionally, the loss of biodiversity due to habitat destruction is disrupting our ecosystem.
As a resident who deeply cares about our city’s future, I am genuinely worried about these problems. It’s crucial that we take prompt action.
I propose a few measures to improve the environment. We should raise environmental awareness through campaigns and workshops. Encouraging green transportation and implementing a waste classification system are essential steps.
I sincerely urge the local government to proactively protect our environment. Stricter regulations, investment in renewable energy, and support for eco-friendly initiatives will lead to a healthier future.
Let’s work together to create a better living environment for our generation and the next.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生李华所在的城市近年来面临着严重的环境问题，包括空气污染、水污染和生态失衡，要求考生写一封信给当地政府并提供一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express → voice
此外：additionally → in addition
由于：due to → on account of
导致：lead to → result in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I propose a few measures to improve the environment.
拓展句：I propose a few measures that can help to improve the environment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As a resident who deeply cares about our city’s future, I am genuinely worried about these problems. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】It’s crucial that we take prompt action. (运用了that引导的主语从句)
第二节
48. 阅读下面短文, 然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
The old bridge had stood for generations, connecting the two villages across the roaring river. Over time, its weathered timbers and worn stones had become a symbol of resilience, unity, and shared history. People crossed the bridge for daily activities, their footsteps echoing stories of the past. However, with modernization, plans for a new, sleek bridge were introduced to accommodate the increasing traffic and faster-paced lifestyles.
Despite the convenience the new bridge would bring, the villagers faced a dilemma. They couldn’t bear the thought of parting with the old bridge, the embodiment of their heritage. After passionate discussions, they decided to preserve the old bridge as a monument of cultural significance. The new bridge would serve as a testament to progress while the old bridge would stand as a tribute to history.
Years later, tourists from around the world marveled at the harmonious coexistence of tradition and modernity in the village. The old bridge, though retired from active use, continued to bridge the gap between generations, reminding everyone of the importance of honoring the past while embracing the future.
写作要求：
1. 以约30词概括短文的主要内容；
2, 然后以约120词就“保护文化遗产”的主题发表你的看法, 并包括以下要点：
文化遗产的重要性；
如何保护和传承文化遗产；
你的实际行动或倡议。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The old bridge, symbolizing history, unity, and resilience, faced replacement due to modernization. However, the villagers decided to preserve it as a cultural monument, coexisting with a new bridge for progress.
Cultural heritage is a vital part of our identity, connecting us to our roots and history. Preserving it ensures that our traditions and values are passed down to future generations. To protect and inherit cultural heritage, communities can establish museums, conduct workshops, and encourage intergenerational exchanges. As an individual, I believe in taking proactive steps to preserve cultural heritage. This could involve participating in heritage conservation initiatives, supporting local artisans, and engaging in educational activities that promote cultural understanding. Additionally, I would advocate for integrating cultural heritage education into school curricula, raising awareness among the youth about its significance. By recognizing the value of our past, we contribute to a more enriched and harmonious society that cherishes its cultural diversity.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生概括短文的主要内容并就“保护文化遗产”的主题发表自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
象征：stand for→ symbolize
此外：besides →additionally
包含：contain →involve
参加：join→ participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As an individual, I believe in taking proactive steps to preserve cultural heritage. This could involve participating in heritage conservation initiatives, supporting local artisans, and engaging in educational activities that promote cultural
拓展句：As an individual, I believe in taking proactive steps to preserve cultural heritage, which could involve participating in heritage conservation initiatives, supporting local artisans, and engaging in educational activities that promote cultural
【点睛】【高分句型1】By recognizing the value of our past, we contribute to a more enriched and harmonious society that cherishes its cultural diversity.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Preserving it ensures that our traditions and values are passed down to future generations.（运用了that引导宾语从句）

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