常德市一中2023年下学期高二年级期中考试试卷
英 语
(时量：120分钟 满分：150分 命题人：
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man do last night
A. He attended a concert. B. He did his research project. C. He met Lily and the woman.
2. What will the speakers do next
A. Send out invitations. B. Plan the menu. C. Make a reservation.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a parking lot. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
4. Why is the woman angry with her son
A. He got a low mark. B. He didn’t like physics. C. He cheated in the exam. .
5. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What happened to the man
A. He lost his umbrella. B. He found some animals. C. He was caught in a heavy rain.
7. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. See a doctor. B. Take a hot shower. C. Get prepared for examinations.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What’s the matter with Peter ‘s father
A. He has a heart attack. B. He has a lung problem. C. He has to support the family.
9. When will Peter’s sister graduate from college
A. In two years. B. In four years. C. In six years.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. When will the national food safety conference end
A. On October 29th. B. On November 7th. C. On November 10th.
11. How many people will attend Mr. Patric’s conference
A. About 300. B. About 350. C. About 400.
12. What will Mr. Patric use the smaller rooms for
A. Children’s education. B. Group discussions. C. Student projects.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. How is the weather
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
14. Where does the man have to go
A. A beach. B. A store. C. A subway station.
15. What does the man need to buy
A. A computer. B. A software. C. A smart phone.
16. Where can the speakers find an Apple watch
A. On the first floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Where is Easter Island
A. To the south of mainland Chile.
B. To the east of mainland Chile.
C. To the west of mainland Chile.
18. When was Easter Island discovered
A. In 1722. B. In 1786. C. In 1888.
19. What is the most amazing sight on Easter Island
A. The stone statues. B. The tree rails. C. The ancient stone tools.
20. What does the speaker say about the Easter Island
A. There were few trees on the Easter Island.
B. People have shown too much interest in the natives’ history.
C. Most of the Polynesians on the Island have lost their identity.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Central Park
Explore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York. Let’s have a look at its main sights.
Central Park is New York’s largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2). This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York.
Besides being the city’s primary green lungs, Central Park is also a favorite spot for many New Yorkers. It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any outdoor sports. Something that we found curious is seeing so many people running with their babies in prams (婴儿车).
On Foot or by Bicycle
To get to know some of the wildest parts of Central Park we suggest walking. However, to get a general feel for the whole park, the best thing to do is hire a bicycle and enjoy the scenery.
If you decide to hire a bike, you will find lots of bike rental stores around Central Park that are not very expensive.
Open Time
From 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. on weekends.
From 6 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. on weekdays.
Price
Entry to the Park is free. But if you visit some parts like Central Park Zoo, you need to buy a ticket.
Transport
Subway: Line 5, 6, 7, A, B, C and D．
Bus: Line M1, M2, M3, M4 and M10.
Nearby places
Metropolitan Museum of Art (447 m)
Guggenheim Museum (564 m)
American Museum of Natural History (688 m)
Whitney Museum of American Art (1 km)
The Frick Collection (1.3 km)
1. What can we learn about the Central Park from the text
A. It is home to lakes and waterfalls.
B. It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.
C. It is the largest city park in the world.
D. It is the most famous symbol of New York.
2. Which one of the following things is free
A. Hiring a bicycle. B. Entrance to Central Park.
C. Visiting Central Park Zoo. D. Going to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
3. Where can we find this text
A. In a science report. B. In a geography book.
C. In a fashion magazine. D. In a travel guide.
B
In most cases, people pick the easiest way out: the path of least resistance. Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance-that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run. How do these paths differ What are the dangers of an easy life What are the rewards for a hard life How do you start taking the path of most resistance
Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, with little regard for its long-term consequences. For example, you eat whatever you like, whenever you like, and in whatever amount you like. It may feel nice at first but all of them have a very steep price. In that case, it’s guaranteed obesity. Most people in modern world follow this path and this is why so many people struggle with a lack of self-discipline, good habits, etc.
The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage of the process. For example, it may cost you a lot to quit watching TV for hours on end. But over the long term, you’ll free up a lot of time that will lead to a more satisfying life than that of a couch potato. At first sight, this approach is unappealing. It requires effort and loss of pleasure, and leads to potential suffering. Yet, on the other side of all that lies a world of more confidence, self-discipline and mental resilience (恢复力). In the end, they more than make up for the fleeting superficial pleasures.
We’re lazy by nature. Some may point out that it was because of this tendency that we now enjoy so many wonders of technology that people in the past would kill to have. But ask the same individuals praising laziness if they would be happy living a life where everything is given to them the moment they think about it. They would have zero hardships, no objective in life and no obstacle to overcome and no wise human would want such an existence.
4. How does the author show the dangers of choosing the easy path
A. By giving examples. B. By listing data.
C. By making a comparison. D. By asking questions.
5. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Watching TV for hours. B. Having many life struggles.
C. Getting superficial pleasures. D. Choosing the path of most resistance.
6. Which of the following would the author agree with
A. Life is to be enjoyed, not endured.
B. Set your life goals as early as possible.
C. There should be some challenges in life.
D. Good habits provide short-term pleasures.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To tell us humans are lazy by nature.
B. To show the common lifestyles of young people.
C. To prove it’s laziness that leads to wonders.
D To persuade us to challenge ourselves.
C
Anyone caring about their health will be able to speak out a few of the major vitamins, and possibly take an educated guess at what they do. Vitamin C, found in oranges and other fruit and vegetables, is important for wound repair. And the much-talked-about “sunshine” vitamin D, produced by the skin in response to UV light, is essential for strong bones.
But what about vitamin P It might well have you scratching your head. And that’s not surprising: the term was first coined in the 1930s to describe a small group of compounds that provide pigment (天然色素) to plants, and were believed to have health benefits. A century later, these compounds are now better known as flavonoids (类黄酮).
Today, scientists have identified between 4,000 and 6,000 different kinds and we now know they are responsible for many of the flavors and smells of fruit and vegetables and also that they protect them from invaders such as pests and bacteria.
They are equally important nutrients for the body helping maintain bones and teeth, and for the production of the protein collagen (胶原蛋白), which provides structure to blood vessels, muscles and skin.
They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation (氧化), a natural process by which the body’s cells age and can become damaged and defective. That means they could help to protect against chronic diseases including cancer and heart disease.
8. What do we know about Vitamin P
A. People didn’t think it beneficial in the past.
B. It was made into a coin in the 1930s.
C. It refers to the compounds also called flavonoids.
D. We would scratch our head if we took it.
9. Which of the following best explains “coined” underlined in the second paragraph
A. discovered B. created C. imported D. disappeared
10. Which is NOT the function of vitamin P for humans according to the passage
A. Helping maintain bones and teeth.
B. Assisting in producing protein collagen.
C Accelerating the circulation of the blood.
D. Aiding the body to handle the main factors of illness.
11. How does vitamin P help slow the aging process
A. By fighting against oxidation. B. By maintaining bones.
C. By strengthening muscles. D. By protecting against chronic diseases.
D
People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs, such as eye contact, length of responses and the details in what people say, but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioral information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying. Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.
To test this idea, researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or steal from a mock(模仿的)crime. Students were instructed to lie if they committed the fake theft.
Next, the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and six deceptive(欺骗的) interviews from these recordings, ranking interviewees’ eye contact and detail level. The results revealed that both truth-tellers and liars averted (转移) their gaze a similar amount, but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones, suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.
The researchers then asked 405 people to judge the true nature of six truthful and six deceptive statements randomly chosen from the interviews. Around half of the participants used multiple cues to identify liars. The remaining participants solely ranked the level of detail in answers on a scale of 1 to 10, with l a 6 or above counting as truthful. Those using multiple cues distinguished lies from the truth 59% of the time, while those relying solely on detail achieved 66%.
“Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to judge lies from the truth,” says Verschuere. Nevertheless, in the real world, you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements through extra further investigations or follow-up questions, he says.
12. Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to confirm that__________.
A. behavioral information played a vital role in finding out the truth
B. it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of statements
C truhtellers and liars shared something in common when performing the task
D. people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cues
13. What can we learn from paragraph 3 and 4
A. Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive ones.
B. Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth—tellers.
C. It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like eye contact.
D Participants who relied on one cue pan distinguish lies from the truth faultlessly.
14. What did Verschuere think of the real-life application of his research
A. It had no potential market B. It made no sense.
C. It could be perfectly applied. D. It had some limitations.
15. What’s the purpose of the passage
A. To introduce readers to the classification of fies.
B. To encourage readers to apply the results in real life.
C. To inform readers of scientific findings on detecting liars.
D. To warn readers of psychological harm of telling a lie.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to do basic First Aid
Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies. ____16____.
Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. ____17____. Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then about their interests.
____18____, if a person is in a state similar to sleep. You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴) and gently guide the face pointing upwards to open up their airways.
Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. ____19____. And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airways, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.
Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothing, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives. However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm. ____20____.
A. Instead, try to cool him
B. You must stay calm
C. Perform first aid immediately
D. Check for breath
E. Here are some tips for first aid
F. It is important to take the correct chest compressions
G. In the center of the chest, put your two hands together first
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The train had been long delayed. Running out of ____21____, Andy put down his book and looked out. He found the____22____at once: it was raining hard.
He lay down and fell asleep but was soon woken up by a woman. She handed him his bag and ____23____ that it had slipped to the floor. He gratefully took it back and opened it,____24____ to see his mother’s scarf and some sandwiches inside.
Andy’s thoughts drifted(飘)to when he was ____25____. His mother had insisted on putting her scarf in. “If it rains, it may get cold.” He remembered feeling____26____and had taken it out. But it was still here.
____27____ Andy realized he was burning with fever. Feeling helpless, he called his mum. “Take a ____28____I have put in medicine, just____29____,” she suggested. Touched by his mother’s_____30_____he took the medicine and soon fell deep asleep in the_____31_____of the scarf.
Andy woke up later feeling much better. Then he noticed the woman,who’d_____32_____him earlier, _____33_____ holding a baby in her arms, both shaking. Their clothes did little against the cold wind.
Without thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mother’s scarf around the baby. To his _____34_____, the child soon fell asleep in the love of not one, but two_____35_____.
21. A. luck B. patience C. time D. energy
22. A. train B. truth C. cause D. notice
23. A. insisted B. explained C. apologized D. admitted
24. A. surprised B. ready C. thankful D. expecting
25. A. checking B. leaving C. planning D. packing
26. A. hurt B. annoyed C. ashamed D. puzzled
27. A. Lately B. Finally C. Suddenly D. Instantly
28. A. look B. pill C. rest D. sandwich
29. A. for safety B. on purpose C. in case D. by accident
30. A. calmness B. confidence C. comfort D. care
31. A. warmth B. memory C. smell D. touch
32. A. helped B. pleased C. disturbed D. greeted
33. A. comfortably B. safely C. gently D. tightly
34. A. relief B. amazement C. mind D. advantage
35. A. arms B. scarfs C. passengers D. mothers
第二节 (共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea is a simple drink. And it is central to the lives of millions of people worldwide.
There are six major types of tea in China-green tea, black tea, Oolong tea, dark tea, white tea, and reprocessed tea, distinguished ____36____(main) by different methods of production.
China,____37____ (recognize) as the homeland of tea, is a leading producer and consumer, and the ____38____(discover) and the usage of tea have a history of 4, 000 to 5, 000 years. Drinking tea first____39____(start) to become popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
The origin of tea is lost among history and legend.____40____ can be roughly confirmed is that tea originated in southwest China. In Yunnan and elsewhere, some wild tea trees that ____41____(be) over 1, 000 years old still exist.
Many traditional Chinese families drink tea after dinner or when ____42____(greet) visitors. This is not only a ____43____(health) habit but also reflects rich culture and history. Chinese people can chat with a friend or enjoy themselves for a whole afternoon ____44____a pot of good tea.
It was in the Tang Dynasty that teahouses came into being, and in some big cities then, there were also tea shops,____45____ stored large quantities of tea leaves and prepared tea for their customers.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以“我最喜爱的歌手”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 人物简介；
2. 喜爱的原因。
注意：1. 要点明确，条理清楚，语言得体；
2 字数80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Our flight didn’t leave until Sunday night, so I worked as usual during the day on Sunday, playing the piano during brunch at a golf resort located down in the valley. I loved my job and my customers, most of whom faithfully dined every Sunday.
That morning, I’d told my customers that my sweet daughter had loaned me money for an airline ticket so I could fly out with her and my grandchildren to see my father for what we believed would be the last time.
One of my favorite customers came over before she left and gave me a huge hug. In the process, she slipped a bill in my hand instead of dropping it in my tip basket. Her voice sounded serious. “This is for your trip. It’s not to pay bills and not to pay your daughter for the plane ticket.”
My eyes watered as I stared at the fifty-dollar bill in my hand. “Thank you, but I can’t accept this. It’s way too much money.”
Every Sunday, this woman left me a more than-generous tip, but this seemed too much. When I refused the bill and tried to hand it back, she gently pushed away my hand. “I know you’ll find the perfect use for it. Have fun. I’ll see you when you get back.”
I was struggling to make ends meet, so that extra fifty would have come in handy for bills or groceries. Yet my customer’s words kept echoing (重复) through my head. After talking it over with my husband, he agreed. I should take the fifty with me and honor my customer’s wishes.
Our plane took off late, and when we landed, my daughter and I dashed through the airport with two young children, terrified of missing our connecting flight.
When we finally reached our gate, I spotted a young mother with tears streaming down her face searching through her carry-on bags, obviously losing something.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I walked over and put my arm around her.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I grabbed the woman’s hand and slipped her the money.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5BBCCC 6-10CBBAA 11-15BBCBA 16-20 ACAAC常德市一中2023年下学期高二年级期中考试试卷
英 语
(时量：120分钟 满分：150分 命题人：
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man do last night
A. He attended a concert. B. He did his research project. C. He met Lily and the woman.
2. What will the speakers do next
A. Send out invitations. B. Plan the menu. C. Make a reservation.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a parking lot. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
4. Why is the woman angry with her son
A. He got a low mark. B. He didn’t like physics. C. He cheated in the exam. .
5. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What happened to the man
A. He lost his umbrella. B. He found some animals. C. He was caught in a heavy rain.
7. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. See a doctor. B. Take a hot shower. C. Get prepared for examinations.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What’s the matter with Peter ‘s father
A. He has a heart attack. B. He has a lung problem. C. He has to support the family.
9. When will Peter’s sister graduate from college
A. In two years. B. In four years. C. In six years.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. When will the national food safety conference end
A. On October 29th. B. On November 7th. C. On November 10th.
11. How many people will attend Mr. Patric’s conference
A. About 300. B. About 350. C. About 400.
12. What will Mr. Patric use the smaller rooms for
A. Children’s education. B. Group discussions. C. Student projects.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. How is the weather
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
14. Where does the man have to go
A. A beach. B. A store. C. A subway station.
15. What does the man need to buy
A. A computer. B. A software. C. A smart phone.
16. Where can the speakers find an Apple watch
A. On the first floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Where is Easter Island
A. To the south of mainland Chile.
B. To the east of mainland Chile.
C. To the west of mainland Chile.
18. When was Easter Island discovered
A. In 1722. B. In 1786. C. In 1888.
19. What is the most amazing sight on Easter Island
A. The stone statues. B. The tree rails. C. The ancient stone tools.
20. What does the speaker say about the Easter Island
A. There were few trees on the Easter Island.
B. People have shown too much interest in the natives’ history.
C. Most of the Polynesians on the Island have lost their identity.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Central Park
Explore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York. Let’s have a look at its main sights.
Central Park is New York’s largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2). This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York.
Besides being the city’s primary green lungs, Central Park is also a favorite spot for many New Yorkers. It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any outdoor sports. Something that we found curious is seeing so many people running with their babies in prams (婴儿车).
On Foot or by Bicycle
To get to know some of the wildest parts of Central Park we suggest walking. However, to get a general feel for the whole park, the best thing to do is hire a bicycle and enjoy the scenery.
If you decide to hire a bike, you will find lots of bike rental stores around Central Park that are not very expensive.
Open Time
From 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. on weekends.
From 6 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. on weekdays.
Price
Entry to the Park is free. But if you visit some parts like Central Park Zoo, you need to buy a ticket.
Transport
Subway: Line 5, 6, 7, A, B, C and D．
Bus: Line M1, M2, M3, M4 and M10.
Nearby places
Metropolitan Museum of Art (447 m)
Guggenheim Museum (564 m)
American Museum of Natural History (688 m)
Whitney Museum of American Art (1 km)
The Frick Collection (1.3 km)
1. What can we learn about the Central Park from the text
A. It is home to lakes and waterfalls.
B. It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.
C. It is the largest city park in the world.
D. It is the most famous symbol of New York.
2. Which one of the following things is free
A. Hiring a bicycle. B. Entrance to Central Park.
C. Visiting Central Park Zoo. D. Going to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
3. Where can we find this text
A. In a science report. B. In a geography book.
C. In a fashion magazine. D. In a travel guide.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了纽约的中央公园，同时提到了其开放时间、抵达方式、价格以及其附近的地点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any outdoor sports. (它非常适合日光浴、散步或进行任何户外运动)”可知，中央公园最适合户外运动。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Price大标题下的第一句话“Entry to the Park is free. (进入公园是免费的)”可知，中央公园的门票是免费的。故选B.
【3题详解】
文章出处题。文章主要介绍了纽约的中央公园，同时提到了其开放时间、抵达方式、价格以及其附近的地点。所以该篇文章最有可能出自旅游指南。故选D。
B
In most cases, people pick the easiest way out: the path of least resistance. Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance-that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run. How do these paths differ What are the dangers of an easy life What are the rewards for a hard life How do you start taking the path of most resistance
Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, with little regard for its long-term consequences. For example, you eat whatever you like, whenever you like, and in whatever amount you like. It may feel nice at first but all of them have a very steep price. In that case, it’s guaranteed obesity. Most people in modern world follow this path and this is why so many people struggle with a lack of self-discipline, good habits, etc.
The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage of the process. For example, it may cost you a lot to quit watching TV for hours on end. But over the long term, you’ll free up a lot of time that will lead to a more satisfying life than that of a couch potato. At first sight, this approach is unappealing. It requires effort and loss of pleasure, and leads to potential suffering. Yet, on the other side of all that lies a world of more confidence, self-discipline and mental resilience (恢复力). In the end, they more than make up for the fleeting superficial pleasures.
We’re lazy by nature. Some may point out that it was because of this tendency that we now enjoy so many wonders of technology that people in the past would kill to have. But ask the same individuals praising laziness if they would be happy living a life where everything is given to them the moment they think about it. They would have zero hardships, no objective in life and no obstacle to overcome and no wise human would want such an existence.
4. How does the author show the dangers of choosing the easy path
A. By giving examples. B. By listing data.
C. By making a comparison. D. By asking questions.
5. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Watching TV for hours. B. Having many life struggles.
C. Getting superficial pleasures. D. Choosing the path of most resistance.
6. Which of the following would the author agree with
A. Life is to be enjoyed, not endured.
B. Set your life goals as early as possible.
C. There should be some challenges in life.
D. Good habits provide short-term pleasures.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To tell us humans are lazy by nature.
B. To show the common lifestyles of young people.
C. To prove it’s laziness that leads to wonders.
D. To persuade us to challenge ourselves.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述人们在做出选择时，总是去选择没有阻力的道路，但从长远看来，阻力最大的道路才对你成功有利。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, with little regard for its long-term consequences. For example, you eat whatever you like, whenever you like, and in whatever amount you like. It may feel nice at first but all of them have a very steep price. In that case, it’s guaranteed obesity. Most people in modern world follow this path and this is why so many people struggle with a lack of self-discipline, good habits, etc.(选择阻力最小的道路意味着选择最容易的选项，而不考虑其长期后果。比如，你想吃什么就吃什么，想吃什么就吃什么，想吃多少就吃多少。一开始可能感觉不错，但它们的代价都非常高。在这种情况下，肯定是肥胖。现代社会的大多数人都走这条路，这就是为什么这么多人缺乏自律和良好习惯的原因)”可知，本段首先提出选择阻力最小的道路意味着选择最容易的路，没有考虑到其长期的后果，接着以吃来举例说明其后果，故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句句意“The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage of the process.(阻力最大的路是关于选择将致使更多个人成长的选项，即使这意味着在过程的早期阶段受苦)”可知，it指代上文的“选择阻力最大的路”，故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They would have zero hardships, no objective in life and no obstacle to overcome and no wise human would want such an existence.(他们没有困难，没有生活目标，没有需要克服的障碍，没有一个聪明人想要这样的生活)”可知，作者提到没有一个聪明人想要没有困难、没有目标和没有需要克服的障碍的生活，说明作者认为生活中需要困难和挑战，故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance-that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run.(然而，从长远来看，艰难的选择——阻力最大的道路——更有益，也能带来最大的成功)”和最后一段中“They would have zero hardships, no objective in life and no obstacle to overcome and no wise human would want such an existence.(他们没有困难，没有生活目标，没有需要克服的障碍，没有一个聪明人想要这样的生活)”可知，作者在文中描述了选择最容易的路的后果以及选择阻力最多的路带来的益处，最后作者指出没有一个聪明人想要没有困难和挑战的生活，故作者写本文的目的是说服我们挑战自己，故选D。
C
Anyone caring about their health will be able to speak out a few of the major vitamins, and possibly take an educated guess at what they do. Vitamin C, found in oranges and other fruit and vegetables, is important for wound repair. And the much-talked-about “sunshine” vitamin D, produced by the skin in response to UV light, is essential for strong bones.
But what about vitamin P It might well have you scratching your head. And that’s not surprising: the term was first coined in the 1930s to describe a small group of compounds that provide pigment (天然色素) to plants, and were believed to have health benefits. A century later, these compounds are now better known as flavonoids (类黄酮).
Today, scientists have identified between 4,000 and 6,000 different kinds and we now know they are responsible for many of the flavors and smells of fruit and vegetables and also that they protect them from invaders such as pests and bacteria.
They are equally important nutrients for the body, helping maintain bones and teeth, and for the production of the protein collagen (胶原蛋白), which provides structure to blood vessels, muscles and skin.
They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation (氧化), a natural process by which the body’s cells age and can become damaged and defective. That means they could help to protect against chronic diseases including cancer and heart disease.
8. What do we know about Vitamin P
A. People didn’t think it beneficial in the past.
B. It was made into a coin in the 1930s.
C. It refers to the compounds also called flavonoids.
D. We would scratch our head if we took it.
9. Which of the following best explains “coined” underlined in the second paragraph
A. discovered B. created C. imported D. disappeared
10. Which is NOT the function of vitamin P for humans according to the passage
A. Helping maintain bones and teeth.
B. Assisting in producing protein collagen.
C. Accelerating the circulation of the blood.
D. Aiding the body to handle the main factors of illness.
11. How does vitamin P help slow the aging process
A. By fighting against oxidation. B. By maintaining bones.
C. By strengthening muscles. D. By protecting against chronic diseases.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了被称为类黄酮的化合物维生素P，以及维生素P对于人体的一些重要作用。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“And that’s not surprising: the term was first coined in the 1930s to describe a small group of compounds that provide pigment (天然色素) to plants, and were believed to have health benefits. A century later, these compounds are now better known as flavonoids (类黄酮).(这并不奇怪：这个词最初是在20世纪30年代创造的，用来描述一小群为植物提供色素的化合物，人们认为这些化合物对健康有益。一个世纪后，这些化合物现在被称为类黄酮)”可知，维生素P指的是也被称为类黄酮的化合物，故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前的“first”以及划线词后“in the 1930s”可知，此处指“这个词最初是在20世纪30年代创造的”，coined意为“创造”，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“They are equally important nutrients for the body, helping maintain bones and teeth, and for the production of the protein collagen(胶原蛋白)，which provides structure to blood vessels, muscles and skin.(它们对身体同样重要，有助于维持骨骼和牙齿，并有助于胶原蛋白的产生，胶原蛋白为血管、肌肉和皮肤提供结构)”和最后一段中“They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness(据说它们还能帮助身体应对一些疾病的关键驱动因素)”可知，维生素P有助于维持骨骼和牙齿，有助于胶原蛋白的产生，并帮助身体应对一些疾病的关键驱动因素，C项“加速血液循环”没有提及，故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation (氧化), a natural process by which the body’s cells age and can become damaged and defective.(据说它们还能帮助身体应对一些疾病的关键驱动因素，包括氧化，这是身体细胞老化并可能受损和有缺陷的自然过程)”可知，身体细胞是通过氧化而老化，维生素P能帮助对抗氧化，从而减缓衰老进程，故选A。
D
People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs, such as eye contact, length of responses and the details in what people say, but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioral information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying. Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.
To test this idea, researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or steal from a mock(模仿的)crime. Students were instructed to lie if they committed the fake theft.
Next, the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and six deceptive(欺骗的) interviews from these recordings, ranking interviewees’ eye contact and detail level. The results revealed that both truth-tellers and liars averted (转移) their gaze a similar amount, but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones, suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.
The researchers then asked 405 people to judge the true nature of six truthful and six deceptive statements randomly chosen from the interviews. Around half of the participants used multiple cues to identify liars. The remaining participants solely ranked the level of detail in answers on a scale of 1 to 10, with l a 6 or above counting as truthful. Those using multiple cues distinguished lies from the truth 59% of the time, while those relying solely on detail achieved 66%.
“Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to judge lies from the truth,” says Verschuere. Nevertheless, in the real world, you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements through extra further investigations or follow-up questions, he says.
12. Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to confirm that__________.
A. behavioral information played a vital role in finding out the truth
B. it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of statements
C. truhtellers and liars shared something in common when performing the task
D. people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cues
13. What can we learn from paragraph 3 and 4
A. Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive ones.
B. Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth—tellers.
C. It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like eye contact.
D. Participants who relied on one cue pan distinguish lies from the truth faultlessly.
14. What did Verschuere think of the real-life application of his research
A. It had no potential market B. It made no sense.
C. It could be perfectly applied. D. It had some limitations.
15. What’s the purpose of the passage
A. To introduce readers to the classification of fies.
B. To encourage readers to apply the results in real life.
C. To inform readers of scientific findings on detecting liars.
D. To warn readers of psychological harm of telling a lie.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的Bruno Verschuere和他的同事们进行了一项研究以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的，研究表明，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs, such as eye contact, length of responses and the details in what people say, but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioral information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying. Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.(被训练来识别谎言的人通常依靠多种迹象，比如眼神接触、反应的时长和人们说话的细节，但研究表明，评估广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的Bruno Verschuere和他的同事想知道，仅仅关注陈述的细节是否能提供更一致的结果)”可知，Bruno Verschuere和他的同事们进行这项研究是想证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The results revealed that both truth-tellers and liars averted (转移) their gaze a similar amount, but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones, suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.(结果显示，说真话的人和说谎者回避目光的程度相似，但真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述要详细得多，这表明后者是判断某人是否在撒谎的更有效的方法)”可知，真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述包含更多的细节。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to judge lies from the truth,” says Verschuere. Nevertheless, in the real world, you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements through extra further investigations or follow-up questions, he says.(Verschuere说：“我们认为，只使用一个线索可以提供一种更简单的方法来判断谎言和真相。”然而，在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的进一步调查或后续问题来确认陈述的准确性，他说)”可推知，Verschuere指出“在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的进一步调查或后续问题来确认陈述的准确性”，即他认为他的研究应用于现实生活中会有一些局限性。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs, such as eye contact, length of responses and the details in what people say, but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioral information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying. Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.(被训练来识别谎言的人通常依靠多种迹象，比如眼神接触、反应的时长和人们说话的细节，但研究表明，评估广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的Bruno Verschuere和他的同事想知道，仅仅关注陈述的细节是否能提供更一致的结果)”和最后一段中““Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to judge lies from the truth,” says Verschuere.( Verschuere说：“我们的看法是，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。”)”结合文章主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的Bruno Verschuere和他的同事们进行了一项研究以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的，研究表明，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。由此可推知，文章的主要目的是告知读者关于识别说谎者的科学发现。故选C。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to do basic First Aid
Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies. ____16____.
Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. ____17____. Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then about their interests.
____18____, if a person is in a state similar to sleep. You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴) and gently guide the face pointing upwards to open up their airways.
Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. ____19____. And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airways, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.
Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothing, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives. However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm. ____20____.
A. Instead, try to cool him
B. You must stay calm
C. Perform first aid immediately
D. Check for breath
E. Here are some tips for first aid
F. It is important to take the correct chest compressions
G. In the center of the chest, put your two hands together first
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何进行基本的急救。
【16题详解】
上文“Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies.(基本急救是指对因窒息、心脏病发作、药物或其他医疗紧急情况而受伤或生病的人提供的临时帮助)”解释了什么是急救，下文是具体的急救方法，故E项“这里有一些急救技巧”承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. (照顾刚刚遭受严重伤害的人，包括身体治疗和情感支持)”和下文“Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then about their interests.(让那个人知道帮助就在路上，一切都会好起来的。你也可以问他们的名字，如果他们知道发生了什么事，然后问他们的兴趣)”可知，要给予患者身体治疗和情感支持，安抚他们，所以你要冷静应对，B项“你必须保持冷静”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据空后“You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face.(你最好听空气进出的声音，用你的脸去感受空气)”可知，本段是关于检查呼吸，D项“检查呼吸”适合为本段主题句，故选D。
【19题详解】
上文“Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR.(作为心肺复苏术的一部分，进行30次胸外按压和2次人工呼吸)”提到要进行胸外按压，结合下文“And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute.(然后以每分钟100次的速度将胸部向下按压约2英寸)”可知，空处是进行胸外按压的第一步，G项“在胸部中央，先把你的双手放在一起”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
上文“However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm.(然而，如果有人中暑，不要给他盖上衣服或给他保暖)”提到，如果有人中暑不要给他盖上衣服，空处应是接着说应该怎么做，A项“相反，试着让他凉快下来”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The train had been long delayed. Running out of ____21____, Andy put down his book and looked out. He found the____22____at once: it was raining hard.
He lay down and fell asleep but was soon woken up by a woman. She handed him his bag and ____23____ that it had slipped to the floor. He gratefully took it back and opened it,____24____ to see his mother’s scarf and some sandwiches inside.
Andy’s thoughts drifted(飘)to when he was ____25____. His mother had insisted on putting her scarf in. “If it rains, it may get cold.” He remembered feeling____26____and had taken it out. But it was still here.
____27____ Andy realized he was burning with fever. Feeling helpless, he called his mum. “Take a ____28____I have put in medicine, just____29____,” she suggested. Touched by his mother’s_____30_____he took the medicine and soon fell deep asleep in the_____31_____of the scarf.
Andy woke up later feeling much better. Then he noticed the woman,who’d_____32_____him earlier, _____33_____ holding a baby in her arms, both shaking. Their clothes did little against the cold wind.
Without thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mother’s scarf around the baby. To his _____34_____, the child soon fell asleep in the love of not one, but two_____35_____.
21. A. luck B. patience C. time D. energy
22. A. train B. truth C. cause D. notice
23. A. insisted B. explained C. apologized D. admitted
24. A. surprised B. ready C. thankful D. expecting
25. A. checking B. leaving C. planning D. packing
26. A. hurt B. annoyed C. ashamed D. puzzled
27. A. Lately B. Finally C. Suddenly D. Instantly
28. A. look B. pill C. rest D. sandwich
29. A. for safety B. on purpose C. in case D. by accident
30. A. calmness B. confidence C. comfort D. care
31. A. warmth B. memory C. smell D. touch
32. A. helped B. pleased C. disturbed D. greeted
33. A. comfortably B. safely C. gently D. tightly
34. A. relief B. amazement C. mind D. advantage
35. A. arms B. scarfs C. passengers D. mothers
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了安迪在火车上感受到母亲的关爱并帮助了别人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：安迪忍无可忍，放下书往外看。A. luck幸运；B. patience耐心；C. time时间；D. energy精力。根据“The train had been long delayed.”可知，因为火车耽搁了很久，所以安迪失去了耐心，放下书往外看。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他马上就找到了原因：雨下得很大。A. train火车；B. truth事实；C. cause原因；D. notice通知。根据“it was raining hard.”可知，安迪找到火车耽搁了很久的原因。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把他的包递给他，并解释说它滑到了地上。A. insisted坚持；B. explained解释，说；C. apologized道歉；D. admitted承认。根据“it had slipped to the floor.”可知，这位女士解释了递给安迪包的原因。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他感激地把它拿了回来，打开一看，惊讶地发现里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治。A. surprised惊讶的；B. ready准备好的；C. thankful感激的；D. expecting期望。根据“He remembered feeling____6____and had taken it out. But it was still here.”可知，发现包里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治，安迪感到很惊讶。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪的思绪飘到了他收拾行李的时候。A. checking检查；B. leaving离开；C. planning计划；D. packing包装；收拾行李。根据“His mother had insisted on putting her scarf in.”可知，安迪离家前收拾行李。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他记得当时很生气，就把它拿了出来。A. hurt受伤的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据“and had taken it out.”可知，安迪当时很生气。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然安迪意识到自己发烧了。 A. Lately最近；B. Finally最后；C. Suddenly突然；D. Instantly立即地。根据“Andy realized he was burning with fever.”可知，安迪突然意识到自己发烧了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A. look看；B. pill药片；C. rest休息；D. sandwich三明治。根据“I have put in medicine,”可知，妈妈为安迪准备了感冒的药片。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A. for safety为安全起见；B. on purpose故意；C. in case以防；D. by accident碰巧。根据“Take a ____8____I have put in medicine,”可知，妈妈为安迪准备好药，以防万一。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A. calmness平静；B. confidence信心；C. comfort安慰；D. care关心。根据““Take a ____8____I have put in medicine, just____9____,” she suggested.”可知，安迪被母亲的关怀感动了。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A. warmth温暖；B. memory记忆；C. smell味道；D. touch触摸。根据“and soon fell deep asleep”可知，安迪在妈妈温暖的围巾中睡着了。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。 A. helped帮助；B. pleased使……高兴；C. disturbed打扰；D. greeted打招呼。根据“She handed him his bag and ____3____ that it had slipped to the floor.”可知，那个女人帮助过安迪。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。A. comfortably舒服地；B. safely安全地；C. gently温柔地；D. tightly紧紧地。根据“holding a baby in her arms, both shaking.”可知，因为寒冷，所以紧紧地抱着。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。 A. relief欣慰；B. amazement惊讶；C. mind想法；D. advantage优势。根据“the child soon fell asleep in the love of not one, but two____15____.”可知，孩子在温暖的围巾中睡着了，让安迪很欣慰。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。A. arms手臂；B. scarfs围巾；C. passengers乘客；D. mothers母亲。根据“Without thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mother’s scarf around the baby.”可知，因为两位母亲的爱，孩子很快睡着了。故选D。
第二节 (共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea is a simple drink. And it is central to the lives of millions of people worldwide.
There are six major types of tea in China-green tea, black tea, Oolong tea, dark tea, white tea, and reprocessed tea, distinguished ____36____(main) by different methods of production.
China,____37____ (recognize) as the homeland of tea, is a leading producer and consumer, and the ____38____(discover) and the usage of tea have a history of 4, 000 to 5, 000 years. Drinking tea first____39____(start) to become popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
The origin of tea is lost among history and legend.____40____ can be roughly confirmed is that tea originated in southwest China. In Yunnan and elsewhere, some wild tea trees that ____41____(be) over 1, 000 years old still exist.
Many traditional Chinese families drink tea after dinner or when ____42____(greet) visitors. This is not only a ____43____(health) habit but also reflects rich culture and history. Chinese people can chat with a friend or enjoy themselves for a whole afternoon ____44____a pot of good tea.
It was in the Tang Dynasty that teahouses came into being, and in some big cities then, there were also tea shops,____45____ stored large quantities of tea leaves and prepared tea for their customers.
【答案】36. mainly
37. recognized
38. discovery
39. started
40. What 41. are
42. greeting
43. healthy
44. over 45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的历史。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国有六大茶种——绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶、黑茶、白茶和再加工茶，主要以不同的生产方法来区分。修饰动词“distinguished”应用副词形式，故填mainly。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国被公认为茶的故乡，是茶叶的主要生产国和消费国，茶的发现和使用已有4000至5000年的历史。动词recognize和China之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，表示被动。故填recognized。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。分析句子并结合空前的the可知，此处应填名词discovery，和名词“usage”并列作主语，故填discovery。
【39题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：饮茶最早开始流行于唐宋时期。根据时间状语“in the Tang and Song Dynasties”可知句子应用一般过去时，故填started。
【40题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：可以大致确定的是，茶起源于中国西南部。空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用what引导，首字母应大写，故填What。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在云南和其他地方，一些超过1000年的野生茶树仍然存在。that引导定语从句，指代先行词“wild tea trees”，在从句中作主语，表示复数意义，且句子是描述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时，故be动词用are，故填are。
【42题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：许多传统的中国家庭在饭后或迎客时喝茶。分析句子可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句主语和主句主语一致，此处表示“当许多传统的中国家庭在欢迎客人时”，应用现在进行时，故完整形式是when they are greeting visitors，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，故填greeting。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这不仅是一种健康的习惯，而且反映了丰富的文化和历史。修饰名词habit应用形容词作定语，故填healthy。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国人可以和朋友聊天，或者喝一壶好茶，享受整个下午。结合句意可知，此处指“在……期间”，用介词over，故填over。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：茶馆是在唐代出现的，在当时的一些大城市里，也有茶叶店，它们储存大量的茶叶，为顾客准备茶水。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是tea shops，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以“我最喜爱的歌手”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1 人物简介；
2. 喜爱的原因。
注意：1. 要点明确，条理清楚，语言得体；
2 字数80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I know many singers, such as Wang li-hong, Zhou jie-lun and Michael Jackson and so on. But I like Michael Jackson best.
I recognized Michael Jackson on occasion. There was a poem recitation competition in my class. I had to look for a song about peace. Finally I found "Heal the World" which was Michael Jackson's famous work. I liked it at once at the first sound of it and I thought it was the best song that I had ever heard.
Since then I began to know more about Michael Jackson and began to love him. He was named "King of Pop". I love him, because he was not only a singer but also a loving person.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生以“我最喜爱的歌手”为题，写一篇短文，参加学校正在组织英语作文比赛。
【详解】词汇积累
了解：know → recognize
机会：chance → occasion
比赛：contest → competition
寻找：find → look for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I know many singers, such as Wang li-hong, Zhou jie-lun and Michael Jackson and so on.
拓展句：I know many singers, who are Wang li-hong, Zhou jie-lun and Michael Jackson and so on.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Finally I found "Heal the World", which was Michael Jackson's famous work. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I liked it at once at the first sound of it and I thought it was the best song that I had ever heard. (运用了that引导的定语从句,同时thought后面是省掉了连接词的宾语从句)
[高分句型3] I love him, because he was not only a singer but also a loving person. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句,同时运用了not only……but also……连接并列的表语)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Our flight didn’t leave until Sunday night so I worked as usual during the day on Sunday, playing the piano during brunch at a golf resort located down in the valley. I loved my job and my customers, most of whom faithfully dined every Sunday.
That morning, I’d told my customers that my sweet daughter had loaned me money for an airline ticket so I could fly out with her and my grandchildren to see my father for what we believed would be the last time.
One of my favorite customers came over before she left and gave me a huge hug. In the process, she slipped a bill in my hand instead of dropping it in my tip basket. Her voice sounded serious. “This is for your trip. It’s not to pay bills and not to pay your daughter for the plane ticket.”
My eyes watered as I stared at the fifty-dollar bill in my hand. “Thank you, but I can’t accept this. It’s way too much money.”
Every Sunday, this woman left me a more than-generous tip, but this seemed too much. When I refused the bill and tried to hand it back, she gently pushed away my hand. “I know you’ll find the perfect use for it. Have fun. I’ll see you when you get back.”
I was struggling to make ends meet, so that extra fifty would have come in handy for bills or groceries. Yet my customer’s words kept echoing (重复) through my head. After talking it over with my husband, he agreed. I should take the fifty with me and honor my customer’s wishes.
Our plane took off late, and when we landed, my daughter and I dashed through the airport with two young children, terrified of missing our connecting flight.
When we finally reached our gate, I spotted a young mother with tears streaming down her face searching through her carry-on bags, obviously losing something.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I walked over and put my arm around her.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I grabbed the woman’s hand and slipped her the money
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
I walked over and put my arm around her. “Are you okay Can I help ” Between sobs, the woman told me that she’d lost her purse somewhere along her trip. Without her purse, she could not pay for a taxi or food, and had no way to contact her husband and let him know what had happened. As they announced that our flight was boarding, fresh tears of panic filled the mother’s eyes, and I told her not to worry. I realized my customer had been right—I had found the perfect use for the money she’d given me.
I grabbed the woman’s hand and slipped her the money. Thanking me over and over, her sobs turned to tears of joy as we boarded our flight together. On the plane, my daughter ended up sitting near this woman, and I overheard their conversation. “Please, give me your mom’s address so I can pay her back when I get home.” “No,” my daughter said. “Maybe someday you’ll get the chance to pass the favor on to someone else in need. That would make my mother happy.”
【解析】
【导语】本篇文章以顾客给作者的小费为线索，讲述了作者在和顾客提到女儿贷款买机票，和她一起去看望作者的父亲时，顾客给了作者五十美元的小费，并说这是机票钱。作者拒绝了，但顾客却坚持，并认为作者会好好利用这笔钱的。在作者登机时，遇到了一个丢失钱包的女性，因此作者的确发现了这笔钱的用处，将这笔钱无偿地给了那位女性。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我走过去，用胳膊搂着她。”可知，本段可以写这位女性遇到的困难，丢了钱包，因此无法买吃的，无法联系家人。于是作者打算将那笔钱给了那位女士，并觉得找到了这笔钱的用处。
②由第二段首句内容“我抓着她的手，把那笔钱递给了她。”可知，本段可以写作者将钱递给女士后，女士无比感谢作者。恰好她的座位挨着女儿的座位，她找女儿询问作者的联系方式，想要还钱，女儿拒绝了，并说道她有一天可能也会找到机会使用那笔钱去帮助其他人。
2.续写线索：走过去→得知女士丢了钱包→将那笔钱递给女士→女士询问女儿作者的联系方式→女儿拒绝，并说道她有一天可能也会找到机会使用那笔钱去帮助其他人。
3.词类激活：
行为类：
联系：contact/get in touch with
通知：announce/make an announcement
意识到：sb. realize/sth. dawn on to sb./sth. occur to sb
情绪类：
恐慌：panic/scare
高兴：joy/happiness/pleasure
担心：worry/be worried/be concerned
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Without her purse, she could not pay for a taxi or food, and had no way to contact her husband and let him know what had happened.(运用了what引导宾语从句。)
高分句型2】
Thanking me over and over, her sobs turned to tears of joy as we boarded our flight together.(运用了现在分词作状语。)
1-5BBCCC 6-10CBBAA 11-15BBCBA 16-20 ACAAC

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