内江二中高2024届高三上期10月月考英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a beach. B. In a library. C. In a hotel.
2. When will the man and the woman meet at the theatre
A. At 5:30. B. At 6:00. C. At 6:30.
3. What is the occupation of the woman
A. A receptionist. B. A saleswoman. C. A waitress.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She is going to have a birthday party.
B. She will go to the party with the man.
C. She is not available for the birthday party.
5. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. To talk with the Spanish. B. To work hard on her Spanish. C. To watch Spanish news every day.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Why does the man feel discouraged
A. Because he put on weight.
B. Because he didn’t make it to the team.
C. Because he couldn’t resist the dishes and snacks.
7. What does the woman think the man should do
A. Join a fitness programme. B. Keep himself healthy. C. Stop eating dishes and snacks.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the relationship between the man and the woman
A. Colleagues. B. Wife and husband. C. Boss and employee.
9. Where will the man and the woman go
A. The Underground World. B. The swimming pool. C. The Dinosaur Park.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. How does Tracy feel now
A. Pleased. B. Upset. C. Calm.
11. Why does Tracy’s father call her selfish and distant
A. Because Tracy likes telling lies.
B. Because Tracy often loses her temper.
C. Because Tracy spends less time with her father.
12 What other suggestions does the man give to Tracy
A. Do sports with her dad. B. Cook dinner for her dad. C. Make phone calls to her dad.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Why did the woman fail to help the man yesterday
A. She got a cold. B. She had to work. C. She visited her students.
14 What makes it difficult for Jack to decorate his house
A. He falls off the ladder(梯子).
B. The high temperature is a barrier.
C. Lack of materials is a big problem.
15. What did Jack help the woman do
A. Paint the wall of the room.
B. Move to the neighbourhood.
C. Change old windows and plant the apple tree.
16. How will the woman help Jack
A. By climbing on the roof. B. By keeping his balance. C. By holding the ladder for him.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What can people do in the Space Camp
A. Build their own rocket. B. Sleep in a big bed. C. Walk in space.
18. What is the rule of the programme
A. People must send off a rocket.
B Children under nine can’t take part.
C. Participants have to learn to walk in space.
19. What is the ticket price for a family
A. $550. B. $875. C. $1,500.
20. What’s the talk mainly about
A. Camp activities. B. A space travel. C. Astronauts’ life.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂
A
4 World Heritage (遗产)Sites in China
The Temple of Heaven
Located in the southern part of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex (综合建筑群) of fine cultural buildings set in gardens. The sacred (神圣的) place served as a complex of sacrificial (献祭的) buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors, and is the largest one in Beijing among several royal altars (神坛) to Heaven, Earth, the Sun , the Moon and other symbolic forces of nature. It symbolizes the relationship between earth and heaven --- the human world and God’s world --- which stands at the heart of Chinese cosmogony (宇宙进化论).
Mogao Caves
Located on south-east of the Dunhuang oasis, Gansu province, the Mogao caves, also known as the Thousand-Buddha Caves, are the world’s largest and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art. According to historical records, the carving of the caves started in 366 AD and continued for about 1000 years. The 492 well-preserved cells and cave sanctuaries (内殿)in Mogao, housing about 45000 square meters of murals (壁画)and more than 2000 painted sculptures (雕塑), are well-known for their statues (雕像)and wall paintings.
Fujian tulou
Fujian tulou consists of (is made up of) 46 buildings constructed (built) between the 15th and 20th centuries. Several stories high, the earthen houses were built along an inward-looking , circular(圆形的) or square floor plan as housing for up to 800 people each. They were built for defense(防御) purposes around a central open courtyard (庭院)with only one entrance and windows to the outside only above the first floor. Housing a whole clan (家族), the houses functioned as village units and were known as “ a little kingdom for the family”.
The Leshan Giant Buddha
The Leshan Giant Buddha is said to be the biggest Buddha statue in the world. The way in which the cultural features (特色) have been integrated (成一体)with the natural scenery is considered to be a precious legacy (遗产).The Giant Buddha statue, carved on the mountain, stands 71m high, with its back against Mount Jiuding. There are more than 90 stone carvings and Buddha shrines (神坛)on both sides of the Giant Buddha.
1. Which of the following served as a sacrificial place in the past
A. Fujian tulou. B. Mogao.
C. The Temple of Heaven. D. The Leshan Giant Buddha.
2. What feature of Fujian tulou shows its defensive function
A. They are several stories high.
B. They can hold hundreds of people.
C. They have windows on the first floor.
D. They have only one access to the outside.
3. What do Mogao Caves and The Leshan Giant Buddha have in common
A. They were both royal places. B. They were both found in caves.
C. They are both religious resorts (名胜). D. They both have historic murals.
B
Kids are three times more likely to choose to be Internet celebrities (名人) than astronauts, a survey found recently. Many are already on their way - more and more children are now making and sharing videos on social media.
Meanwhile, education experts worry that going after Internet fame won’t be good for children in the long run. Their biggest concern is that kids don’t know how being on the Internet today might affect them in the future. The parts of the brain that people use to make decisions don’t fully mature until around age 25, so children cannot imagine how their future might be affected by what they share now.
What’s worse, some parents, who are crazy about becoming famous on their own, can’t watch out for the best interests of their own children. A young mother, Michelle Hobson, was accused of starving and kicking her children when they didn’t do what she wished for in the videos. She was charged with child abuse and ordered to distance herself from kids.
Keeping famous on the Internet takes much time and patience, too. It can distract students away from homework, sports and other activities. For example, one of the superstars, 14-year-old Emma Garza, dropped out of school to become a Vlogger (video blogger). She said that making videos was so tough that she couldn’t make time for study and even suffered back pain and weakening eyesight.
Although we don’t yet know the effects on a child’s development by constantly performing to entertain others, we can easily imagine that the effort to attract viewers will be less helpful to a kid, compared with spending that time reading a book. For a kid today, becoming an Internet superstar might not only be more popular than being an astronaut. It might also be more dangerous.
4. What problem is discussed in Paragraph 1
A. Internet affects kids’ growth. B. Young kids seek Internet fame.
C. Social media mislead children. D. Children watch too many videos.
5. What is the major concern of education experts about children
A. Security. B. Family. C. Study. D. Future.
6. Why is Emma Garza mentioned in the passage
A. To highlight her success. B. To introduce a new career.
C. To show the impact on students. D. To encourage kids to be Vloggers.
7. What does the author think of children’s being an Internet celebrity
A. Exciting. B. Doubtful. C. Beneficial. D. Negative.
C
In an effort to fight the “throw-away culture” and promote reuse and repair, the city of Berlin has taken the unique step of opening its own secondhand department store.
This isn’t your grandma’s thrift shop (旧货商店). It resells perfectly good items that would otherwise be thrown away. A pun on the German words for “department store” and “conserving house”, B-Wa(h)renhaus sells a wide variety of products. Far from simply selling old items, the electronic goods have been fixed by expert technicians and come with a year’s guarantee. And, to reach more secondhand shoppers, the store was set up right in the middle of the famous Karstadt department store.
With the success of its initial six-month trial run, the city plans to open four more similar operations in other parts of Berlin. By 2030, it hopes to have at least one location in each of Berlin’s 12 districts. Since 2008, city policies and educational campaigns have reduced average annual household waste by about 25 pounds per resident. It also recycles about 49% of its mineral construction waste. Currently, the city estimates that 8% of abandoned electronic goods and 6% of huge items thrown away can actually be reused. The goal is to expand the market for these items beyond the usual bargain hunters and eco-conscious consumers.
“Three years ago, we started collecting all kinds of used goods,” city spokesperson Dorothee Winden said. “There are lots of things that are well-preserved and functioning but aren’t being used anymore. The goal is to give these things a new life with somebody who can use them.” The store also includes an education center to encourage more sustainable lifestyles — and also gave an award to a project that recycles school uniforms, so that parents don’t have to buy new ones every year.
8. Why has Berlin opened its own secondhand department store
A. To attract more shoppers. B. To promote recycling.
C. To foster traditional culture. D. To expand secondhand market.
9. In which aspect is B-Wa(h)renhaus different from the traditional thrift store
A. The variety of the goods. B. The location of the store.
C. The quality of the products. D. The operation of the store.
10. What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A. Berlin currently has 4 second-hand stores in construction.
B. Berlin has been successful in cutting its waste since 2008.
C. It is not easy to make the goal to expand the market a reality.
D. It is estimated that Berlin will be a zero-waste city by 2030.
11. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce Berlin’s new reuse shop operation.
B. To raise people’s awareness of reasonable shopping.
C. To persuade people to become eco-friendly shoppers.
D. To encourage more people to donate to secondhand shops.
D
Scientist at University College London have discovered sets of regulatory genes, which are responsible for maintaining healthy hearing. The finding, made in fruit flies, could lead to treatments for age-related hearing loss (ARHL) in humans.
Globally, one-third of people aged over 65 experience hearing impairment, and while there are thought to be more than 150 genes that may affect hearing loss, there is no unified (统一的) view on how to use these to develop hearing loss treatments.
In the study, published in Scientific Reports, researchers are at the UCL Ear Institute assessed the hearing ability of the common fruit fly across its life span (around 70 days) to see if their hearing declines with age.
A fruit fly’s ears share many molecular (分子的) similarities with the ears of humans, making it an ideal tool for the study of human hearing loss.
Researchers found that the antennal ears of fruit flies also display ARHL with nearly all sensitive hearing measures starting to decline after 50 days of age. This made the researchers want to know if there were any “age-variable” genes in the flies’ inner ears which have kept the ears healthy for 50 days of their lives.
After closer examination, researchers identified a new set of regulatory genes-homeostasis genes. These genes are often responsible for picking up sound and the overall sensitivity of the ear. Using this information, scientists were then able to genetically modify (修改) the genes and prevent the flies from getting ARHL.
Professor Joerg Albert, lead author of the study, said: “While many studies have been conducted into the hearing function of fruit flies, ours is the first to look at the mechanistic and molecular detail of their auditory life course.”
“The fact that these genes are conserved in humans will also help to focus future clinical research in humans and thereby accelerate the discovery of new pharmacological or gene-therapeutic strategies.”
12. What did scientists at UCL discover
A. One-third of people aged over 65 have hearing problems.
B. Homeostasis genes maintain one’s ability to hear.
C. There are regulatory genes that are related to aging.
D. Humans have over 150 genes that can affect hearing loss.
13. Why were fruit flies used in the research
A. Their hearing system is similar to that of humans’.
B. Their hearing ability also declines with age.
C. They display ARHL during their lifespan.
D. They share many genes with humans.
14. What is the main purpose of the last two paragraphs
A. The discovery of new treatments. B. The significance of the study.
C. The result of the study. D. The future commercial prospects.
15. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. Age-related hearing loss: fruit flies and humans
B. Hearing loss: a common problem for older adults.
C. Gene discovery could lead to hearing loss treatments.
D. The body’s ability can be unlocked to treat lost hearing.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do people take “selfies(自拍) ”
Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question. ______16______ People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to admiring themselves too much, the Syracuse researchers said. ______17______ As social media can be shallow, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own overmuch pride.”
___18___ People who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group, the Syracuse University research found.
Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. ______19______
The Newhouse School’s Associate Professor Makana Chock worked on the study. She said, posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips, our parents and grandparents used cameras to take photos. Before social media, people would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. If you are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. ______20______
On social media, it is a different experience. People can decide not to look at photos of their friends and family even if they click “like” or even “love” under the Facebook selfie.
A. That was the old way of “clicking” like.
B. They came up with some surprising answers.
C. Different people have different opinions about it.
D. Such people think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.
E. Both cameras and phones are useful tools to record people’s experiences.
F. There are other reasons, besides admiring themselves, why people post selfies.
G. But men desire to be seen as popular more than women when posting selfies.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When faced with tough difficulties or troubles, people always give us positive words. ___21___ can lift our spirits indeed, but sometimes in some case it ___22___ depresses us. Psychology calls it “toxic positivity.” What is it Let’s see the following ___23___.
Between sleepless nights, diapers (换尿布) and feeding times, having small children at home could leave Priscilla Goins feeling ___24___. She loved her kids, but it was a lot. “I would sometimes say ‘I just want a minute to myself,’” Goins, of Knoxville, Tennessee, said. “People would be like: Oh, you’ll miss it when they’re ___25___ or you should value it.” That made her so mad. She doesn’t ___26___ what people say. She disagreed at all. Actually, in those moments, she simply wanted ___27___ that she was going through the tiredness ___28___.
A focus on positive thinking, while putting challenging and ___29___ experiences to the side, is what some experts call “toxic positivity.” Being cheerful is not a bad thing. Certainly, a ___30___ attitude can be a gift to those around you, but it shouldn’t ___31___ listening thoughtfully to others’ experiences. When you are choosing to look at ___32___ from one angle-in this case a positive angle-you are very likely to dismiss or deny an authentic ___33___. That’s toxic positivity, which is what Goins ___34___ when she was looking for a bit of mercy about the ___35___ of parenting young children. Even if you’re trying to ___36___ someone, ignoring someone’s tough experiences can leave them feeling that they should ___37___ negative feelings in the future. ___38___ trying to find a positive spin, we are supposed to use accepting and comprehensive words. Sometimes we just need to say “Yeah, me too,” or “That makes total sense.” It’s allowing someone to express something that is ___39___, even if it’s hard to hear or it’s ___40___.
21. A. Modesty B. Encouragement C. Excitement D. Admiration
22. A. also B. ever C. just D. still
23. A. analysis B. statement C. summary D. example
24. A. thrilled B. joyful C. tired D. panic
25. A. younger B. older C. stronger D. taller
26. A. distinguish B. discontent C. deny D. recognize
27. A. commitment B. concern C. acknowledgment D. acquisition
28. A. eventually B. gradually C. anyway D. indeed
29. A. cosy B. unforgettable C. joyful D. tough
30. A. negative B. positive C. critical D. caring
31. A. take the place of B. take control of C. take charge of D. take advantage of
32. A. views B. positions C. situations D. phenomena
33. A. experience B. relationship C. conclusion D. virtue
34. A. explained B. received C. exposed D. conveyed
35. A. pleasure B. loss C. challenge D. well-being
36. A. cheer up B. let down C. speak highly of D. speak ill of
37. A. present B. hide C. indicate D. spread
38. A. Regardless of B. In terms of C. Instead of D. As a result of
39. A. artificial B. vague C. accurate D. authentic
40. A. uncomfortable B. comprehensive C. optimistic D. unavoidable
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
PM stands for particulate (微粒的)matter: the term for a mixture of solid particles(粒子) and liquid droplets in the air. Some particles are large or dark enough to be seen by our eyes. Others are so small that they can only ____41____ (discover) with a microscope.
These particles come in many sizes and ____42____ (shape) and can be made up of many different chemicals. Some come directly from a source, such as fields or fires. Most particles form ____43____the atmosphere as a result of complex reactions of chemicals, ____44____ are pollutants from power plants, industries and automobiles.
Particulate matter ____45____(contain) microscopic particles that are so small that they can be breathed in and make one ____46____ (serious) ill. Some particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter can get deep into your lungs ____47____ some may even get into your bloodstream. Of these, particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter, also known as PM2.5, create the ____48____ (great) risk to health.
Fortunately every day the Air Quality Index (AQI) tells you how clean or ____49____ (pollute) your outdoor air is, along with associated health effects that may be of concern. The AQI translates air quality data into numbers and colors that help you understand when ____50____ (take) action to protect your health.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\ )划掉.
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was far behind most of my classmate when I become a senior three student. Moreover, I couldn't follow the teacher completely in class. One day, I was too much exhausted and confused to concentrate on which the teacher taught. Unfortunate, I was invited to share my own idea. As you can imagine, I couldn't say a word. Feeling embarrassing, I ready to be criticized. Much on my astonishment, the teacher instructed and encouraged me patiently. I was such touched that I was determined to try his best to study hard. Now I am quite confident about my study.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是高三学生李华，暑假快到了，你打算和家人下周去杭州旅游，于是你写信和你的一位美国朋友Paul分享你的行程计划。要点如下：
1.出游的具体时间、交通方式；
2.详细的行程安排；
3.此行将会有何收获。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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听力答案：1-5: BCACC 6-10: BABAB 11-15:CABBC 16-20: CABCA内江二中高2024届高三上期10月月考英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a beach. B. In a library. C. In a hotel.
2. When will the man and the woman meet at the theatre
A. At 5:30. B. At 6:00. C. At 6:30.
3. What is the occupation of the woman
A. A receptionist. B. A saleswoman. C. A waitress.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She is going to have a birthday party.
B. She will go to the party with the man.
C. She is not available for the birthday party.
5. What does the man advise the woman to do
A To talk with the Spanish. B. To work hard on her Spanish. C. To watch Spanish news every day.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Why does the man feel discouraged
A. Because he put on weight.
B. Because he didn’t make it to the team.
C. Because he couldn’t resist the dishes and snacks.
7. What does the woman think the man should do
A. Join a fitness programme. B. Keep himself healthy. C. Stop eating dishes and snacks.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the relationship between the man and the woman
A. Colleagues. B. Wife and husband. C. Boss and employee.
9. Where will the man and the woman go
A. The Underground World. B. The swimming pool. C. The Dinosaur Park.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. How does Tracy feel now
A. Pleased. B. Upset. C. Calm.
11. Why does Tracy’s father call her selfish and distant
A. Because Tracy likes telling lies.
B. Because Tracy often loses her temper.
C. Because Tracy spends less time with her father.
12. What other suggestions does the man give to Tracy
A. Do sports with her dad. B. Cook dinner for her dad. C. Make phone calls to her dad.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Why did the woman fail to help the man yesterday
A. She got a cold. B. She had to work. C. She visited her students.
14. What makes it difficult for Jack to decorate his house
A. He falls off the ladder(梯子).
B. The high temperature is a barrier.
C. Lack of materials is a big problem.
15. What did Jack help the woman do
A Paint the wall of the room.
B. Move to the neighbourhood.
C. Change old windows and plant the apple tree.
16. How will the woman help Jack
A. By climbing on the roof. B. By keeping his balance. C. By holding the ladder for him.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What can people do in the Space Camp
A. Build their own rocket. B. Sleep in a big bed. C. Walk in space.
18. What is the rule of the programme
A. People must send off a rocket.
B. Children under nine can’t take part.
C. Participants have to learn to walk in space.
19. What is the ticket price for a family
A. $550. B. $875. C. $1,500.
20. What’s the talk mainly about
A. Camp activities. B. A space travel. C. Astronauts’ life.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂
A
4 World Heritage (遗产)Sites in China
The Temple of Heaven
Located in the southern part of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex (综合建筑群) of fine cultural buildings set in gardens. The sacred (神圣的) place served as a complex of sacrificial (献祭的) buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors, and is the largest one in Beijing among several royal altars (神坛) to Heaven, Earth, the Sun , the Moon and other symbolic forces of nature. It symbolizes the relationship between earth and heaven --- the human world and God’s world --- which stands at the heart of Chinese cosmogony (宇宙进化论).
Mogao Caves
Located on south-east of the Dunhuang oasis, Gansu province, the Mogao caves, also known as the Thousand-Buddha Caves, are the world’s largest and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art. According to historical records, the carving of the caves started in 366 AD and continued for about 1000 years. The 492 well-preserved cells and cave sanctuaries (内殿)in Mogao, housing about 45000 square meters of murals (壁画)and more than 2000 painted sculptures (雕塑), are well-known for their statues (雕像)and wall paintings.
Fujian tulou
Fujian tulou consists of (is made up of) 46 buildings constructed (built) between the 15th and 20th centuries. Several stories high, the earthen houses were built along an inward-looking , circular(圆形的) or square floor plan as housing for up to 800 people each. They were built for defense(防御) purposes around a central open courtyard (庭院)with only one entrance and windows to the outside only above the first floor. Housing a whole clan (家族), the houses functioned as village units and were known as “ a little kingdom for the family”.
The Leshan Giant Buddha
The Leshan Giant Buddha is said to be the biggest Buddha statue in the world. The way in which the cultural features (特色) have been integrated (成为一体)with the natural scenery is considered to be a precious legacy (遗产).The Giant Buddha statue, carved on the mountain, stands 71m high, with its back against Mount Jiuding. There are more than 90 stone carvings and Buddha shrines (神坛)on both sides of the Giant Buddha.
1. Which of the following served as a sacrificial place in the past
A. Fujian tulou. B. Mogao.
C. The Temple of Heaven. D. The Leshan Giant Buddha.
2. What feature of Fujian tulou shows its defensive function
A. They are several stories high.
B. They can hold hundreds of people.
C. They have windows on the first floor.
D. They have only one access to the outside.
3. What do Mogao Caves and The Leshan Giant Buddha have in common
A. They were both royal places. B. They were both found in caves.
C. They are both religious resorts (名胜). D. They both have historic murals.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的四个世界遗产地—天坛、莫高窟、福建土楼及乐山大佛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段第一、二句“… the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex(综合建筑群) of fine cultural buildings set in gardens. The sacred(神圣的) place served as a complex of sacrificial（献祭的） buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors,(天坛是以花园为背景的宏伟的文化精品建筑群。这个神圣的地方曾经是明、清朝代的祭祀建筑)”可知，天坛曾经作为明、清朝代的祭祀建筑，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段第三句“ They were built for defense(防御) purposes around a central open courtyard（庭院）with only one entrance and windows to the outside only above the first floor. (出于防御目的，在开放式的中央庭院周围只有一个出入口并且窗户只在一楼以上才有。)”可知，出于防御目的，福建土楼只有一个出入口，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“the Mogao caves, also known as the Thousand-Buddha Caves, are the world's largest and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art.（莫高窟，俗称千佛洞，是世界上现存规模最大、内容最丰富的的佛教艺术地。）”和第四段“The Leshan Giant Buddha is said to be the biggest Buddha statue in the world.(据说乐山大佛是世界上最大的佛像。)”可知，莫高窟和乐山大佛都是宗教圣地，故选C。
B
Kids are three times more likely to choose to be Internet celebrities (名人) than astronauts, a survey found recently. Many are already on their way - more and more children are now making and sharing videos on social media.
Meanwhile, education experts worry that going after Internet fame won’t be good for children in the long run. Their biggest concern is that kids don’t know how being on the Internet today might affect them in the future. The parts of the brain that people use to make decisions don’t fully mature until around age 25, so children cannot imagine how their future might be affected by what they share now.
What’s worse, some parents, who are crazy about becoming famous on their own, can’t watch out for the best interests of their own children. A young mother, Michelle Hobson, was accused of starving and kicking her children when they didn’t do what she wished for in the videos. She was charged with child abuse and ordered to distance herself from kids.
Keeping famous on the Internet takes much time and patience, too. It can distract students away from homework, sports and other activities. For example, one of the superstars, 14-year-old Emma Garza, dropped out of school to become a Vlogger (video blogger). She said that making videos was so tough that she couldn’t make time for study and even suffered back pain and weakening eyesight.
Although we don’t yet know the effects on a child’s development by constantly performing to entertain others, we can easily imagine that the effort to attract viewers will be less helpful to a kid, compared with spending that time reading a book. For a kid today, becoming an Internet superstar might not only be more popular than being an astronaut. It might also be more dangerous.
4. What problem is discussed in Paragraph 1
A. Internet affects kids’ growth. B. Young kids seek Internet fame.
C. Social media mislead children. D. Children watch too many videos.
5. What is the major concern of education experts about children
A. Security. B. Family. C. Study. D. Future.
6. Why is Emma Garza mentioned in the passage
A. To highlight her success. B. To introduce a new career.
C. To show the impact on students. D. To encourage kids to be Vloggers.
7. What does the author think of children’s being an Internet celebrity
A. Exciting. B. Doubtful. C. Beneficial. D. Negative.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当今青少年沉迷于网络视频、梦想当网红博主的现象，以及可能造成的影响和结果的分析。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“more and more children are now making and sharing videos on social media.(越来越多的孩子正在制作并在社交媒体上分享视频。)”和“Meanwhile, education experts worry that going after Internet fame won’t be good for children in the long run.( 目前，教育专家担心，从长远来看，追求网络名声对孩子们没有好处。)”得知，最近越来越多的孩子沉迷于网络视频，追求网络名声。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Their biggest concern is that kids don’t know how being on the Internet today might affect them in the future.(他们最担心的是，孩子们不知道今天上网可能会对他们未来产生怎样的影响。)”可知，专家最大的担忧是孩子们的未来。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“For example, one of the superstars, 14-year-old Emma Garza, dropped out of school to become a Vlogger (video blogger). She said that making videos was so tough that she couldn’t make time for study and even suffered back pain and weakening eyesight.( 例如，其中一个超级明星，14岁的Emma Garza，辍学成为一名视频博主。她说，制作视频非常困难，她没有时间学习，甚至背痛和视力下降。)”可知，Emma Garza是网红、视频博主，但是制作视频耗时伤身体，她只能辍学。从而推断她的例子展示了沉迷网络视频对学生的影响。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本文从三方面阐述了沉迷网络视频对青少年的不良影响，而且从最后一段“Although we don’t yet know the effects on a child’s development by constantly performing to entertain others, we can easily imagine that the effort to attract viewers will be less helpful to a kid, compared with spending that time reading a book. For a kid today, becoming an Internet superstar might not only be more popular than being an astronaut. It might also be more dangerous.( 虽然我们还不知道不断表演娱乐他人会对孩子的发展产生什么影响，但我们可以很容易地想象，与花时间读书相比，吸引观众的努力对孩子的帮助会更小。对于今天的孩子来说，成为网络巨星可能不仅仅比成为一名宇航员更受欢迎。它也可能更危险。)”可推断，作者对于青少年沉迷网络视频的现象持反对态度。故选D。
C
In an effort to fight the “throw-away culture” and promote reuse and repair, the city of Berlin has taken the unique step of opening its own secondhand department store.
This isn’t your grandma’s thrift shop (旧货商店). It resells perfectly good items that would otherwise be thrown away. A pun on the German words for “department store” and “conserving house”, B-Wa(h)renhaus sells a wide variety of products. Far from simply selling old items, the electronic goods have been fixed by expert technicians and come with a year’s guarantee. And, to reach more secondhand shoppers, the store was set up right in the middle of the famous Karstadt department store.
With the success of its initial six-month trial run, the city plans to open four more similar operations in other parts of Berlin. By 2030, it hopes to have at least one location in each of Berlin’s 12 districts. Since 2008, city policies and educational campaigns have reduced average annual household waste by about 25 pounds per resident. It also recycles about 49% of its mineral construction waste. Currently, the city estimates that 8% of abandoned electronic goods and 6% of huge items thrown away can actually be reused. The goal is to expand the market for these items beyond the usual bargain hunters and eco-conscious consumers.
“Three years ago, we started collecting all kinds of used goods,” city spokesperson Dorothee Winden said. “There are lots of things that are well-preserved and functioning but aren’t being used anymore. The goal is to give these things a new life with somebody who can use them.” The store also includes an education center to encourage more sustainable lifestyles — and also gave an award to a project that recycles school uniforms, so that parents don’t have to buy new ones every year.
8. Why has Berlin opened its own secondhand department store
A. To attract more shoppers. B. To promote recycling.
C. To foster traditional culture. D. To expand secondhand market.
9. In which aspect is B-Wa(h)renhaus different from the traditional thrift store
A. The variety of the goods. B. The location of the store.
C. The quality of the products. D. The operation of the store.
10. What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A. Berlin currently has 4 second-hand stores in construction.
B. Berlin has been successful in cutting its waste since 2008.
C. It is not easy to make the goal to expand the market a reality.
D. It is estimated that Berlin will be a zero-waste city by 2030.
11. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce Berlin’s new reuse shop operation.
B. To raise people’s awareness of reasonable shopping.
C. To persuade people to become eco-friendly shoppers.
D. To encourage more people to donate to secondhand shops.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了柏林政府为推动废弃物再利用理念而开设的一个二手商场的举措。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In an effort to fight the ‘throw-away culture’ and promote reuse and repair, the city of Berlin has taken the unique step of opening its own secondhand department store.( 为了抵制‘扔掉的文化’，促进再利用和修复，柏林市采取了独特的举措，开设了自己的二手百货商店。)”可知，柏林要开自己的二手百货商店是为了促进回收利用。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“It resells perfectly good items that would otherwise be thrown away.(它出售的东西都很好，否则就会被扔掉。)”和“Far from simply selling old items, the electronic goods have been fixed by expert technicians and come with a year’s guarantee. (这些电子产品远非简单地卖旧东西，而是由专业技术人员修理，并有一年的保修期。)”可知，它的产品质量不同于传统的旧货店。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Since 2008, city policies and educational campaigns have reduced average annual household waste by about 25 pounds per resident. It also recycles about 49% of its mineral construction waste. (自2008年以来，城市政策和教育活动已经使每位居民每年平均减少了25磅的家庭垃圾。该公司还回收了49%的矿物建筑垃圾。)”可推断出，自2008年以来，柏林在减少废弃物方面做得非常成功。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“In an effort to fight the ‘throw-away culture’ and promote reuse and repair, the city of Berlin has taken the unique step of opening its own secondhand department store.( 为了抵制‘扔掉的文化’，促进再利用和修复，柏林市采取了独特的举措，开设了自己的二手百货商店。)”及其他各段内容可知，本文主要介绍了柏林政府为推动废弃物再利用理念而开设的一个二手商场的举措，介绍柏林新的回收再利用商场的运作。故选A项。
D
Scientist at University College London have discovered sets of regulatory genes, which are responsible for maintaining healthy hearing. The finding, made in fruit flies, could lead to treatments for age-related hearing loss (ARHL) in humans.
Globally, one-third of people aged over 65 experience hearing impairment, and while there are thought to be more than 150 genes that may affect hearing loss, there is no unified (统一的) view on how to use these to develop hearing loss treatments.
In the study, published in Scientific Reports, researchers are at the UCL Ear Institute assessed the hearing ability of the common fruit fly across its life span (around 70 days) to see if their hearing declines with age.
A fruit fly’s ears share many molecular (分子的) similarities with the ears of humans, making it an ideal tool for the study of human hearing loss.
Researchers found that the antennal ears of fruit flies also display ARHL with nearly all sensitive hearing measures starting to decline after 50 days of age This made the researchers want to know if there were any “age-variable” genes in the flies’ inner ears which have kept the ears healthy for 50 days of their lives.
After closer examination, researchers identified a new set of regulatory genes-homeostasis genes. These genes are often responsible for picking up sound and the overall sensitivity of the ear. Using this information, scientists were then able to genetically modify (修改) the genes and prevent the flies from getting ARHL.
Professor Joerg Albert, lead author of the study, said: “While many studies have been conducted into the hearing function of fruit flies, ours is the first to look at the mechanistic and molecular detail of their auditory life course.”
“The fact that these genes are conserved in humans will also help to focus future clinical research in humans and thereby accelerate the discovery of new pharmacological or gene-therapeutic strategies.”
12. What did scientists at UCL discover
A. One-third of people aged over 65 have hearing problems.
B. Homeostasis genes maintain one’s ability to hear.
C. There are regulatory genes that are related to aging.
D. Humans have over 150 genes that can affect hearing loss.
13. Why were fruit flies used in the research
A. Their hearing system is similar to that of humans’.
B. Their hearing ability also declines with age.
C. They display ARHL during their lifespan.
D. They share many genes with humans.
14. What is the main purpose of the last two paragraphs
A. The discovery of new treatments. B. The significance of the study.
C. The result of the study. D. The future commercial prospects.
15. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. Age-related hearing loss: fruit flies and humans
B. Hearing loss: a common problem for older adults.
C. Gene discovery could lead to hearing loss treatments.
D. The body’s ability can be unlocked to treat lost hearing.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对果蝇听觉系统的研究，该研究可以为人类听力丧失治疗提供治疗策略。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“After closer examination, researchers identified a new set of regulatory genes-homeostasis genes. These genes are often responsible for picking up sound and the overall sensitivity of the ear.(经过更仔细的研究，研究人员发现了一组新的调节基因-稳态基因。这些基因通常负责接收声音和耳朵的整体敏感性)”可知，伦敦大学的科学家发现稳态基因维持一个人的听觉能力。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“A fruit fly’s ears share many molecular similarities with the ears of humans, making it an ideal tool for the study of human hearing loss.(果蝇的耳朵与人类的耳朵在分子上有许多相似之处，是研究人类听力损失的理想工具)”可知，研究中使用果蝇的原因是它们的听觉系统与人类的相似。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“While many studies have been conducted into the hearing function of fruit flies, ours is the first to look at the mechanistic and molecular detail of their auditory life course.(虽然已经对果蝇的听觉功能进行了许多研究，但我们的研究是第一次研究果蝇听觉生命过程的机制和分子细节)”，再结合最后一段“The fact that these genes are conserved in humans will also help to focus future clinical research in humans and thereby accelerate the discovery of new pharmacological or gene-therapeutic strategies.(这些基因在人类中是保守的这一事实也将有助于将未来的临床研究重点放在人类身上，从而加速发现新的药理学或基因治疗策略)”可以推出，研究果蝇是为了为人类提供借鉴，所以最后两段的主要目的是讲述研究的意义。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“After closer examination, researchers identified a new set of regulatory genes-homeostasis genes. These genes are often responsible for picking up sound and the overall sensitivity of the ear. Using this information, scientists were then able to genetically modify the genes and prevent the flies from getting ARHL.(经过更仔细的研究，研究人员发现了一组新的调节基因-稳态基因。这些基因通常负责接收声音和耳朵的整体敏感性。利用这些信息，科学家们就能够通过基因修改这些基因，防止苍蝇感染ARHL)”再结合最后一段“The fact that these genes are conserved in humans will also help to focus future clinical research in humans and thereby accelerate the discovery of new pharmacological or gene-therapeutic strategies.(这些基因在人类中是保守的这一事实也将有助于将未来的临床研究重点放在人类身上，从而加速发现新的药理学或基因治疗策略)”可知，科学家研究果蝇是对人类听力损伤治疗有借鉴价值的。由此可知，Gene discovery could lead to hearing loss treatments.(基因发现可能导致听力损失治疗)适合做本文最佳标题。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do people take “selfies(自拍) ”
Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question. ______16______ People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to admiring themselves too much, the Syracuse researchers said. ______17______ As social media can be shallow, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own overmuch pride.”
___18___ People who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group, the Syracuse University research found.
Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. ______19______
The Newhouse School’s Associate Professor Makana Chock worked on the study. She said, posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips, our parents and grandparents used cameras to take photos. Before social media, people would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. If you are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. ______20______
On social media, it is a different experience. People can decide not to look at photos of their friends and family even if they click “like” or even “love” under the Facebook selfie.
A. That was the old way of “clicking” like.
B. They came up with some surprising answers.
C. Different people have different opinions about it.
D. Such people think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.
E. Both cameras and phones are useful tools to record people’s experiences.
F. There are other reasons, besides admiring themselves, why people post selfies.
G. But men desire to be seen as popular more than women when posting selfies.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了一些研究，关于人们为什么会迷恋自拍并且把它们放到社交网站上。
【16题详解】
上文“Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question.（纽约锡拉丘兹大学的研究人员试图回答这个问题。）”说明下文将会是研究人员的解释，下文“People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to admiring themselves too much, the Syracuse researchers said.（锡拉丘兹大学的研究人员表示，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件美化自己的人，表现出的行为与过于自我欣赏有关。）”是研究人员给出的结果，B项“They came up with some surprising answers.（他们给出了一些令人吃惊的答案）”承上启下，故选B。
【17题详解】
上文说到，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件美化自己的人，表现出的行为与过于自我欣赏有关，D项“Such people think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.（这些人对他们自己——尤其是外表——评价很高。）”与上文意思相衔接，故选D项。
【18题详解】
下文“People who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group, the Syracuse University research found.（锡拉丘兹大学的研究发现，人们发布集体自拍表明他们需要受欢迎和属于一个群体。）”说明了人们在社交网站晒自拍的另一个原因，F项“There are other reasons, besides admiring themselves, why people post selfies.（除了自我欣赏，人们晒自拍还有其他原因。）”放在本段开头，承接下文，起到过渡作用，故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.（该研究的其他发现包括:男性和女性发布自拍的频率以及他们使用编辑软件的频率没有太大差别。）”说明男性和女性在对待自拍上的相同之处，G项“But men desire to be seen as popular more than women when posting selfies.（但在发布自拍时，男性希望比女性更受欢迎。）”讲了不同点，与上文相衔接，故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“Before social media, people would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. If you are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos.（在社交媒体出现之前，人们会带回照片给朋友和家人看。你别无选择，只能看着它们。如果你是个好人，你会说照片里的每个人看起来都很好，尤其是孩子和展示照片的人。）”讲述了以前人们在他人展示照片时表达认可和夸赞的方式，A项“That was the old way of “clicking” like.（这是老式的点赞方式）”是对前文的总结，故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When faced with tough difficulties or troubles, people always give us positive words. ___21___ can lift our spirits indeed, but sometimes in some case it ___22___ depresses us. Psychology calls it “toxic positivity.” What is it Let’s see the following ___23___.
Between sleepless nights, diapers (换尿布) and feeding times, having small children at home could leave Priscilla Goins feeling ___24___. She loved her kids, but it was a lot. “I would sometimes say ‘I just want a minute to myself,’” Goins, of Knoxville, Tennessee, said. “People would be like: Oh, you’ll miss it when they’re ___25___ or you should value it.” That made her so mad. She doesn’t ___26___ what people say. She disagreed at all. Actually, in those moments, she simply wanted ___27___ that she was going through the tiredness ___28___.
A focus on positive thinking, while putting challenging and ___29___ experiences to the side, is what some experts call “toxic positivity.” Being cheerful is not a bad thing. Certainly, a ___30___ attitude can be a gift to those around you, but it shouldn’t ___31___ listening thoughtfully to others’ experiences. When you are choosing to look at ___32___ from one angle-in this case a positive angle-you are very likely to dismiss or deny an authentic ___33___. That’s toxic positivity, which is what Goins ___34___ when she was looking for a bit of mercy about the ___35___ of parenting young children. Even if you’re trying to ___36___ someone, ignoring someone’s tough experiences can leave them feeling that they should ___37___ negative feelings in the future. ___38___ trying to find a positive spin, we are supposed to use accepting and comprehensive words. Sometimes we just need to say “Yeah, me too,” or “That makes total sense.” It’s allowing someone to express something that is ___39___, even if it’s hard to hear or it’s ___40___.
21. A. Modesty B. Encouragement C. Excitement D. Admiration
22. A. also B. ever C. just D. still
23. A. analysis B. statement C. summary D. example
24. A. thrilled B. joyful C. tired D. panic
25. A. younger B. older C. stronger D. taller
26. A. distinguish B. discontent C. deny D. recognize
27. A. commitment B. concern C. acknowledgment D. acquisition
28. A. eventually B. gradually C. anyway D. indeed
29. A. cosy B. unforgettable C. joyful D. tough
30. A. negative B. positive C. critical D. caring
31. A. take the place of B. take control of C. take charge of D. take advantage of
32. A. views B. positions C. situations D. phenomena
33. A. experience B. relationship C. conclusion D. virtue
34. A. explained B. received C. exposed D. conveyed
35. A. pleasure B. loss C. challenge D. well-being
36. A. cheer up B. let down C. speak highly of D. speak ill of
37. A. present B. hide C. indicate D. spread
38. A. Regardless of B. In terms of C. Instead of D. As a result of
39. A. artificial B. vague C. accurate D. authentic
40. A. uncomfortable B. comprehensive C. optimistic D. unavoidable
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了在心理学上一种被称之为“有毒的正能量”的现象。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：鼓励的确能使我们精神振奋，但有时在某些情况下，它也会使我们沮丧。A.Modesty谦逊；B.Encouragement鼓励；C.Excitement兴奋；D.Admiration钦佩。根据上文的“When faced with tough difficulties or troubles, people always give us positive words.”和下文的“can lift our spirits indeed”可知，此处是指鼓励的确能使我们精神振奋。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：鼓励的确能使我们精神振奋，但有时在某些情况下，它也会使我们沮丧。A.also也；B.ever曾经；C.just仅仅；D.still仍然。此处“depresses us”是指鼓励的另一个影响，所以应用also表示并列补充。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：让我们看看下面的例子。A.analysis分析； B.statement陈述；C.summary总结；D.example例子。根据下文“Between sleepless nights, diapers (换尿布) and feeding times, having small children at home could leave Priscilla Goins feeling tired. She loved her kids, but it was a lot. ”（在几个不眠夜、换尿布和喂奶的时间之间，家里有小孩会让普丽西拉觉得很累。她爱她的孩子，但也太多了。）可知，接下来作者是用一个例子来说明。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：在几个不眠夜、换尿布和喂奶的时间之间，家里有小孩会让普丽西拉觉得很累。A.thrilled兴奋的；B.joyful开心的；C.tired疲劳的；D.panic惊慌的。根据后文“I would sometimes say ‘I just want a minute to myself”（我有时会说‘我只想自己待会’）可知，家里有小孩会让普丽西拉觉得很累，且下文的“she was going through the tiredness”也是提示。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：等他们长大了你会想念的或者你应该珍惜它。A.younger更年轻的；B.older年龄更大的；C.stronger更强壮的；D.taller更高的。根据“you’ll miss it”可知，此处是指等孩子长大了她会想念现在。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：她不认可人们说的话。A.distinguish区分；B.discontent使不满； C.deny否定，否认；D.recognize认出，识别。根据“She disagreed at all.”（她完全不同意。）可知，此处是指她不认可人们说的话。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：实际上，在那些时刻，她只是想让大家知道她当时正在经历疲劳。A.commitment承诺，保证；B.concern担心，忧虑；C.acknowledgment承认；D.acquisition获得物，获得，收购。根据“she was going through the tiredness”可知，此处是指她是想别人认可她的疲惫。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：实际上，在那些时刻，她只是想让大家知道她当时正在经历疲劳。A.eventually最后，终于；B.gradually渐渐地；C.anyway无论如何，不管怎样，总之；D.indeed的确。根据“she was going through the tiredness”这件事是事实，所以应用indeed强调。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：把充满挑战性的、艰难的经历放在一边，专注于积极思考，这就是一些专家所说的“有毒的正能量”。A. cosy舒适的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. joyful欢喜的，令人高兴的；D. tough艰苦的，困难的。根据and可知，前后词义相近。所以此处是指充满挑战性的和艰难的经历。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：当然，积极的态度对于周围的人来说是一个馈赠，但它不应该取代仔细倾听别人的经历。A.negative消极的，否定的；B.positive积极的； C.critical批评的，爱挑剔的；D.caring关心他人的。根据“Being cheerful is not a bad thing. ”可知，此处是指积极的态度对周围的人来说是一个礼物。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，积极的态度对于周围的人来说是一个馈赠，但它不应该取代仔细倾听别人的经历。A.take the place of 代替；B.take control of 控制；C.take charge of接管，负责；D.take advantage of利用。根据“When you are choosing to look at situations from one angle-in this case a positive angle-you are very likely to dismiss or deny an authentic experience.”（当你选择从一个角度看问题——一个积极的角度——你很可能会忽视或否认真实的体验。）可知，此处是指很多人只会用积极的态度面对别人的困难，但是往往不会仔细倾听，所以积极的态度不应该取代仔细倾听别人的经历。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当你选择从一个角度看问题——一个积极的角度——你很可能会忽视或否认真实的体验。A. views观点，风景； B. positions位置，姿态；C. situations 状况，情境；D. phenomena现象。结合语境可知，此处是指从一个积极的角度看某件事情。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当你选择从一个角度看问题——一个积极的角度——你很可能会忽视或否认真实的体验。A.experience经验，体验；B.relationship关系； C.conclusion结论；D.virtue美德。根据“listening thoughtfully to others’ experiences”可知，此处是指如果你单纯选择从一个积极的角度看问题，你很可能会忽视或否认真实的体验。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这是一种有毒的正面情绪，这是当Goins在养育年幼孩子的挑战中寻求一点怜悯时所得到的。A.explained说明，解释；B.received收到，接待；C.exposed揭露，显示；D.conveyed传达。根据前文“People would be like: Oh, you’ll miss it when they’re older or you should value it.”可知，之前Goins也收到了这种有毒的正面情绪。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这是一种有毒的正面情绪，这是当Goins在养育年幼孩子的挑战中寻求一点怜悯时所得到的。A.pleasure快乐；B.loss减少，亏损；C.challenge挑战；D.well-being幸福，康乐。根据“A focus on positive thinking, while putting challenging and tough experiences to the side”可知，养育年幼孩子对Goins来说是一种挑战。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使你想让别人高兴起来，忽视别人的痛苦经历也会让他们觉得自己将来应该隐藏负面情绪。A.cheer up使高兴；B.let down使失望；C.speak highly of 赞扬；D.speak ill of诋毁，说…的坏话。根据Even if引导让步状语从句可知，此处是指即使你想让别人高兴起来，忽视别人的痛苦经历也会让他们觉得自己将来应该隐藏负面情绪。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：即使你想让别人高兴起来，忽视别人的痛苦经历也会让他们觉得自己将来应该隐藏负面情绪。A.present颁发，赠送；B.hide隐藏；C.indicate表明；D.spread传播，伸展。根据“That’s toxic positivity, which is what Goins received when she was looking for a bit of mercy about the challenge of parenting young children. ”可知，当一个人说出自己的痛苦，但是只是得到了有毒的正面情绪时，对方以后就会把负面情绪隐藏起来。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们应该使用接受性和综合性的词语，而不是试图找到积极的一面。A.Regardless of不顾，不管；B.In terms of 依据，按照；C.Instead of代替，而不是；D.As a result of由于。根据上文的“Even if you’re trying to cheer up someone, ignoring someone’s tough experiences can leave them feeling that they should hide negative feelings in the future. ”和下文的“we are supposed to use accepting and comprehensive words.”可知，作者认为不应该只试图找到积极的一面。而是要使用接受性和综合性的词语。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：它允许某人表达真实的东西，即使它很难听或者很不舒服。A.artificial人造的，仿造的；B.vague模糊的，含糊的；C.accurate精确的；D.authentic真正的，真实的。根据“Even if you’re trying to cheer up someone, ignoring someone’s tough experiences can leave them feeling that they should hide negative feelings in the future. ”可知，作者认为我们应该使用接受性和综合性的词语，从而使对方表达真实的东西。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：它允许某人表达真实的东西，即使它很难听或者很不舒服。A.uncomfortable不舒服的；不安的；B.comprehensive综合的，广泛的，有理解力的；C.optimistic乐观的，乐观主义的；D.unavoidable不可避免的，不能废除的。根据前文中的““Yeah, me too,” or “That makes total sense.””可知，这些话听起来可能让人不舒服，但却能表达真实的东西。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
PM stands for particulate (微粒的)matter: the term for a mixture of solid particles(粒子) and liquid droplets in the air. Some particles are large or dark enough to be seen by our eyes. Others are so small that they can only ____41____ (discover) with a microscope.
These particles come in many sizes and ____42____ (shape) and can be made up of many different chemicals. Some come directly from a source, such as fields or fires. Most particles form ____43____the atmosphere as a result of complex reactions of chemicals, ____44____ are pollutants from power plants, industries and automobiles.
Particulate matter ____45____(contain) microscopic particles that are so small that they can be breathed in and make one ____46____ (serious) ill. Some particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter can get deep into your lungs ____47____ some may even get into your bloodstream. Of these, particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter, also known as PM2.5, create the ____48____ (great) risk to health.
Fortunately, every day the Air Quality Index (AQI) tells you how clean or ____49____ (pollute) your outdoor air is, along with associated health effects that may be of concern. The AQI translates air quality data into numbers and colors that help you understand when ____50____ (take) action to protect your health.
【答案】41. be discovered
42. shapes 43. in
44. which 45. contains
46. seriously
47. and/ while
48. greatest
49. polluted
50. to take
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。空气中有很多颗粒是看不见的，对人体会产生危害，但幸运的是我们可以通过空气质量指数（AQI）来了解空气污染指数，保护自己的健康。
【41题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：还有一些是如此之小，只有用显微镜才能发现。动词discover（发现）和主语others构成被动关系，且在情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填be discovered。
【42题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这些颗粒有许多大小和形状，可以由许多不同的化学物质组成。在many后应用可数名词复数。故填shapes。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：大多数粒子在大气中形成是化学物质复杂反应的结果，这些化学物质是来自发电厂、工业和汽车的污染物。表示“在大气中”应用介词in。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大多数粒子在大气中形成是化学物质复杂反应的结果，这些化学物质是来自发电厂、工业和汽车的污染物。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为chemicals，所以应用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：颗粒物中含有微小的颗粒，这些颗粒非常小，如果被人吸入就会导致严重的疾病。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，主语Particulate matter为第三人称单数。故填contains。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意：颗粒物中含有微小的颗粒，这些颗粒非常小，如果被人吸入就会导致严重的疾病。修饰形容词ill应用副词。故填seriously。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意：一些直径小于10微米的颗粒可以深入你的肺部，甚至可能进入你的血液。“Some particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter can get deep into your lungs”和“some may even get into your bloodstream”构成并列或对比，所以连词可用and或者while。故填and/ while。
【48题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：其中，直径小于2.5微米的颗粒物（PM2.5）对健康危害最大。根据定冠词the和句意“最大的危害”可知，此处应用形容词最高级。故填greatest。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，每天的空气质量指数（AQI）都会告诉你户外空气的清洁程度和污染程度，以及可能值得关注的相关的健康影响。根据how clean可知，此处应用形容词。形容词polluted意为“受污染的”。故填polluted。
【50题详解】
考查to do不定式。句意：空气质量指数将空气质量数据转化为数字和颜色，帮助你了解何时采取行动保护自己的健康。特殊疑问词后应用to do不定式。故填to take。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\ )划掉.
修改:在错词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was far behind most of my classmate when I become a senior three student. Moreover, I couldn't follow the teacher completely in class. One day, I was too much exhausted and confused to concentrate on which the teacher taught. Unfortunate, I was invited to share my own idea. As you can imagine, I couldn't say a word. Feeling embarrassing, I ready to be criticized. Much on my astonishment, the teacher instructed and encouraged me patiently. I was such touched that I was determined to try his best to study hard. Now I am quite confident about my study.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】文章是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在受到老师鼓励后，决心努力学习的故事。
【详解】1.考查名词复数。classmate是可数名词，由most of可知，此处应使用复数形式。故将classmate改为classmates。
2.考查动词时态。此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故将become改为became。
3.考查固定搭配。too…to..意为“太……而不能……”。故删掉much。
4.考查宾语从句。分析句子，此处是宾语从句。on后面的成分做on的宾语，同时做taught的宾语，是个双重成分，应该用what。故将which改为what。
5.考查副词。应该是副词做状语，fortunate的副词是fortunately。故将fortunate改为fortunately。
6.考查形容词。分析句子是我感到尴尬，修饰人的感情，应该用ed形容词。故将embarrassing改为embarrassed。
7.考查固定搭配。be ready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”，又因为文章描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故在ready前加was。
8.考查固定搭配。此处是to+one’s+抽象名词“令某人怎么样的是”。故将on改为to。
9.考查固定搭配。such…that与so…that意思相同，意为“如此……以致于……”，连接一个表示结果的状语从句；so修饰形容词或副词，而such修饰名词。touched是形容词要用so。故将such改为so。
10.考查形容词行物主代词。try one’s best意为“尽某人最大努力”，句子的主语是我，所以要用my。故将his改为my。
【点睛】在改错中，涉及固定搭配时一定要弄清楚相似的固定搭配的区别。比如倒数第2小题，考such…that与so…that的区别，学生必须清楚两者的区别是：so修饰形容词或副词，而such修饰名词。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是高三学生李华，暑假快到了，你打算和家人下周去杭州旅游，于是你写信和你的一位美国朋友Paul分享你的行程计划。要点如下：
1.出游的具体时间、交通方式；
2.详细的行程安排；
3.此行将会有何收获。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Paul,
How are you going Next week, I'll travel to Hangzhou and I can't wait to share my travel plan with you.
I am flying there together with my family. I have planned everything perfectly. Undoubted ly, West Lake is a must-go destination. Besides, some museums, which have seen the prosperi ty of the city, are also attractive. And we're scheduled to visit some other places of interest.
I'm sure this trip will broaden my view and deepen my understanding to the city.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写信给一位美国朋友Paul写信，分享去杭州旅游的行程计划。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般将来时和现在完成时。
结构：总分总法
要求：
1.出游的具体时间，交通方式；
2.详细的行程安排；
3.此行将会有何收获。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
share …with；together with；must-go destination；be scheduled to；places of interest；deepen one’s understanding to
第三步：连词成句
1.Next week, I'll travel to Hangzhou and I can't wait to share my travel plan with you.
2.I am flying there together with my family.
3.I have planned everything perfectly.
4.Undoubtedly, West Lake is a must-go destination.
5. Besides, some museums, which have seen the prosperity of the city, are also attractive.
6. And we're scheduled to visit some other places of interest.
7I'm sure this trip will broaden my view and deepen my understanding to the city.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second(供参考)
2.表并列补充关系： Besides, And
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but(供参考)
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result(供参考)
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, some museums, which have seen the prosperity of the city, are also attractive. (which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I'm sure this trip will broaden my view and deepen my understanding to the city.(that引导宾语从句)
听力答案：1-5: BCACC 6-10: BABAB 11-15:CABBC 16-20: CABCA

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