高中英语名词、冠词语法专题练习一
一、名词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空。根据句意和括号内内容的提示，在空线处填上适当的名词。
1. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.
2.Nowadays, the traditional material has taken on a modern look in the (hand) of four Chinese artists in the Modern White Porcelain Exhibition.
3.When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these (country), it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.
4.The fare depends on distance, and is payable to the (conduct) of buses.
5. It was he who first set up private schools and received students from every walk of life without (consider) of their social status.
6.This was highly unusual given that the birds normally preferred to observ Its aim is to honor and celebrate America’s children and stress the (important) of love as they grow up.
8. Ordinary people soon decided that putting fried fish and chips together was a very tasty (combing and so was born the dish of fish and chips!
9. It has been descri ed as of the“seven （wonder）of the modern world”by the Guardian.
10.The positioning （accurate） of the BDS－3 system has been improved to 2.5 meters to 5 meters, said Yang.
11.A good （choose） is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to an entertainment or a sporting event.
12.They might not be used to having total (free) in how they plan their days and nights.
13.This （lose） was very bad for the country, of course,but it turned out to be very good for the food.
14. Tho y are also the 42od and 48rd （member） of theBDS satellite family.
15.TCM has made a great (contribute) to the health of Chinese people, and it has become an independon t medical system in world medical field.
Ⅱ.单句改错。下面每句各有一处错误，请在原句标出后把答案写在句子后面的横线上。
1. Tbe boy got the ball ha ppily and expressed his thank for my offer. _______
2. Only if we can do these things will we make our times of study enjoyable, efficient and fruitful. _______
3. After all, helping people in need is a good way to obtain joy and happy. _______
4.He said he was OK but I could see his face bleeding, so Ireturned to our car, taking out a case of first-aid sapply like bandages. _______
5. Then we went to the sport center, where all equipment needed polishing. _______
6.My heart answered“No. this is for his hungry tonight.” _______
7. We hope we can have more activity of this kind! _______
8. From now on, I will spare no effort to study every subjects so tb at I can go to a key university.
9.Since I was a kid. I've considered different job I would like to do. _______
10. Students can play English songs. or read aloud English poems. essays.news, or story. _______
Ⅲ.名词语篇填空，在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
Look at this photo. Lucy went on her trip to the 1 (mountain)! She's really a boro 2 (beautiful), isn't she Well. I'm just telling the 3 (troe). She once told me that sbe usually put cucumber alices on her face, thoee little grocenish 4 (thing). Haven't you heard they say on TV that cucombers soften the skin, wipe out the 5 (rough) and build 6 (strong) Yeah!They wipe out tight, tired feelings and remove lines and age 7 (sign).
As for me, I have a 8 (prefer) for a walk in the open. For one thing, the fresh air can help me get rid of those negative 9 (feel), thus making me refreshed for the day's work again.
Aetually, staying energetic aod keepíng beautiful are a 10 (necessary) for us in our coreer. Being energetic, we can pace ourselves and work more efficiently. Staying young with good looks. we'll be more eonfident in our daily work.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
二、冠词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空。根据句意，在空线处填上适当的冠调(不需要则画“\”)。
1. Confucius was extraordinary educator and philosopher, aod founded Confucianiam.
2.Ⅱyou r computer remaine unprotected, it will be like this,and it's only matter of time.
3. While staring out of the window during flight，not everyone will think carefully about the question why airplanes have rounded windows rather than square ones.
4. It is designed with service life of 120 years,
5. China launched these satellites with nim of providing navigation services for countries and regions which had participated in the Belt and RoadProposal by the end of 2018.
6.A taxi is often most convenient ments of travel in the city.
7.For most individuals, as res ult of eating foods rich in fat and sugar several years, they choose to go on a diet but do not bucceed in the end.
8.Of nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine leck enough data.
9. This is story of the novel A Tree Grows in Brooklyn by USauthor Betty Smith.
10. It is more than an old cliche（陈词遣调）， but good way to live your life.
11.They accidentally found out that soil does not only attract fat, it could also stop fat from being absorbed into the body and pound digestive system.
12. It suggests we may have done some de mage to environment and that we're treating life like fastfood
13.Adam said, I have awlays had an interest in Chinese culture and this course has been great way to teach me all about it."
14. Another obvious determinant is amoant of technology used by different generations.
15. For example, two people may do same thing in a place: both may be ve about an equal amount of money and status—and yet o oc may be depressed and the other happy.
Ⅱ.单句改错。下面每句各有一处错误，请在原句标出后把答案写在句子后面的横线上。
1.Last Chrintmas, my mother got smartphone as her Christmos gift.
2.Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an onique style.
3. Early in the morning, I didn't want to go to the school, so I pretended1 0 feel ill.
4. As one of four ancicn t civilizations, China creates many splendid cultures within its long history.
5.However, I nm afraid that I know a little about how to take good care of a baby and bow to bet a good example to him/her.
6. Our teachers often play the basketball and socoo r together with an.
7.Also，some classmaten seldom have a breakfast.
8.1 am sure a network will satilly your needs for traveling everywhere more conveniently.
9. Every time he arrived home at end of the day, wo'd groet him at the door.
10.I worked from July 15 to July 81，when elderly over 55 wero given free modical examinationn.
皿.冠词语篇填空，在空白处填入适当的冠词。
Last month I stayed in l countryside for some time. Each evening I would take 2 walk in the fields . Daring 3 day, I sometimes stayed indoors and did some reading.Actually, we abould have 4 patience to read a book so that we'll have 5 better understanding of life.
I'm working in a large company and have a busy life Thòmas Lee, 6 newly elected president of our company, thinks highly of me and gets me to be in charge of two departmente.But I have to make 7 oompromiso with him to have a chance one of in 8 while of some time free from work.
Joot yesterday, Thomas called me. He said on 9 prone that I would get back to work moon. no that I could settle some problems that had been left unbettled in 10 abence of me.who should be in charge.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
语法专题一 名词、冠词
一、名词
l. competition 考查词形转换，根据空前的不定冠词an可知，此处应填名词单数形式，表示一个有趣的比赛。
2. hands 考查名词单复数。名词 hand 为可数名词,根据 four Chinese artists 可知,用复数形式。句意:如今，在现代白瓷展上，传统材料在四位中国艺术家手中呈现出一种现代的风貌。故填 hands。
3. countries 考查名词单复数。句中 these 后加名词的复数形式,故用 country 的复数形式 countries。
4. conductors 考查名词。句意:车费取决于距离,要付给公共汽车的售票员。根据句意可知，此处要填名词“售票员”conductors。
5. consideration 考查名词。此处指他接收来自各行各业的学生，而不考虑他们的社会地位。介词 without后加名词作宾语,故填 consideration。
6. distance 考查词性转换。 冠词a后面应该用名词,from a distance 表示“从远处”。句意:这是非常不寻常的，因为鸟类通常喜欢从远处观察人类。故填distance,
7. importance 考查名词。句意:该节日的目的是为了对美国儿童表示庆祝，让人们重视“爱中成长”的重要性。stress the importance of“强调……的重要性”。the+n.+of“……的……”。 故填 importance。
8. combination 考查名词。句意:普通人很快就决定把炸鱼和炸土豆条放在一起是一种非常美味的组合，于是炸鱼和炸土豆条就这样诞生了！ 前面有冠词，故该空需要填名词,所以填 combination。
9. wonders 考查名词单复数。句意:它被英国《卫报。形容为“世界七大奇迹”之一。wonder本空为可数名词，理解为“奇迹”，被 seven 修饰，故用复数形式wonders。
10. accuracy 考查名词。句意:北斗导航3系统的位置精确性提高到了2.5米至5米。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主语,故用名词accuracy.
ll. choice 考查词性转换。句中 good 为形容词,其后应加名词,故应填 choice。
12. freedom 考查词性转换。句意：他们可能不习惯完全自由地计划他们的白天和夜晚。total 为形容词，修饰名词 freedom。故填 freedom。
13. loss 考查词性转换。句中 This 后应加名词,且 loss表示“损失”时，为不可数名词，故此处应填 loss。
14. members 考查名词。句意：它们也是北斗导航系统的第42 和43颗卫星。因为有 and 连接，故用名词复数 members。
15. contribution 考查 名词。 短语 make a greatcontribution to“对……作出巨大贡献”,故填名词contribution.
Ⅱ.
l.thank→thanks 考查名词单复数。句意:男孩高兴地拿到了球，并对我的帮助表示感谢。“他的感谢”是复数意义，应用名词复数。
2∶times--time 考查名词。 由句意知,此处指“我们的学习时间”，表示“时间”时，time 为不可数名词，故没有复数形式。
3.happy→happiness 考查名词。错误处应该用名词而非形 容 词作 obtain 的 宾语，故 将 happy 改为happiness。
4. supply→supplies 考查名词单复数。句意：……于是我回到我们的车里，拿出一箱急救用品，比如绷带，“急救用品”是复数意义，用名词复数，所以 supply 改成 supplies,
5.sport→sports 考查名词。句意:之后我们去了体育中心，那里的设备需要擦拭了。本句为固定搭配sports center“体育中心”,把 sport 改为 sports。
6.hungry→hunger 考查名词。 句意:我的内心告诉我：不，这(他卖钥匙链)是因为今晚他很饿。his为形容词性物主代词，后接名词作宾语。故 hungry 改成hunger.
7.activity→activities 考查名词单复数。activity 为可数名词，故由 more 可知此处用其复数形式。
8.subjects→subject 考查名词单复数。every 后加单数可数名词，故此处用单数 subject。
9.job→jobs 考查名词单复数、job“工作”为可数名词,其前的 different 说明此处为复数概念,故用 job的复数形式,所以将 job改为jobs。
10.story→stories 考查名词单复数。story 为可数名训 ,根据前面的 songs, poems, essays, news可知此处用其复数形式。
Ⅲ.
【解题导语】本文讲述了作者及朋友如何保持心态年轻和保养自己，并说明这样做的好处。
l. mountains 根据语境可知此处表示“去山里旅行”，常用mountain的复数来表示。
2. beauty 本空提示词在句中作表语，并且有冠词修饰，表示“一个天生的美人”，故用提示词的名词形式beauty。
3. truth 这里用提示词的名词形式, truth 表示“事实,真相”,符合语境。 tell the truth表示“讲实话”。4. things 与前面的修饰语 those 呼应, little 意为“小的”，而不是“少”，这里用提示名词的复数形式 things表示复数含义。
5. roughness 本空在句中作宾语，用提示词的名词形式 roughness,表示“粗糙”。
6. strength 这里用提示词的名词形式 strength 表示“强度,力量”。
7. signs 从语境的含义看，这里表示“消除那些皱纹和年迈的迹象”, sign 意为“迹象”时为可数名词, signs符合语境，
8. preference 这里用提示词的名词形式 preference表示“偏爱，爱好”。句意：至于我，我偏爱在户外散步。
9. feelings 本空用提示词的名词形式 feeling 表示“感觉”, those 决定用复数形式, feelings“情感”。
10. necessity 考查名词。设空处位于冠词a之后,再结合句意可知，此处应填 necessary 的名词单数形式necessity。
二、冠词
l. an 考查冠词。此处指孔子是一位杰出的教育家和哲学家,表示“一个”且extraordinary开头音标是元音音标。故填冠词an。
2. a 考查固定短语。句意：如果你的电脑依然处于无保护状态，它将会这样，这只是时间问题。a matter of“………的问题”，该短语是固定短语，所以填a。
3. a 考查冠词。此处为泛指，表示“在一次飞行中”，故用不定冠词a。
4. a 考查冠词。句意：它的设计使用寿命为 120年。life为可数名词，且 service 为辅音音素开头，表泛指前需要添加冠词a。
5. the 考查定冠词。句意：中国发射这些卫星是为加入一带一路的国家和地区提供导航服务。本句固定短语 with the aim of“目的是”,故用 the。
6. the 考查冠词。句意：出租车通常是这个城市最方便的交通 工具。分析句子可知，此 处 的 mostconvenient为最高级,所以前面要加定冠词 the。
7. a as a result of 为固定搭配,“由于……的结果”。故填 a。
8. the 考查冠词。 Of the nineteen recognized polarbear subpopulations“在这 19个已知的北极熊亚种群中”，本空前填定冠词the，表示特指。
9. the 考查冠词。句意：这是美国作家贝蒂·史密斯的小说“布鲁克林生长的一棵树”的故事。 句中表特指,故用定冠词 the 。
10. a 句中表泛指且修饰可数名词 way，故用a。
ll. the 考查定冠词。句意：他们意外发现土壤不仅能够吸收脂肪，还能阻止脂肪被身体吸收，让脂肪绕过消化系统。分析句子可知，消化系统为特指，故用定冠词the。
l2. the 考查冠词。句中名词 environment 为特指,故用定冠词the。句意：它表明，我们可能对环境造成了一些破坏，我们对待生活就像对待快餐一样。故填 the。
13. a 考查不定冠词固定用法。a great way“一种很好的方法”,故填 a.
14. the 考查冠词。 the amount of“………的数量”。 句意：另一个明显的决定因素是不同时代的人使用的技术量。故填the。
15. the 考查冠词。same前需加定冠词 the。
Ⅱ.
1. got 后加 a 考查冠词。此处为泛指,且 smartphone是始发音为辅音的可数名词，故用a。
2. an改为 a 考查冠词。unique 发音以辅音音素开头,故应用冠词a。
3.去掉第二个 the 考查冠词。 固定短语 go to school“去上学”，中间不添加冠词，故去掉 the。
4. of 后加 the 此处特指中国的四大文明,故用the。
5.去掉 little 前的 a 句意：然而，我恐怕对如何照顾一个婴儿和如何为他/她树立一个好榜样了解不多。根据句意，此处指否定意义，故去掉a。
6.去掉 the play basketball 为固定搭配,中间不加 the。
7.去掉 a have breakfast“吃早饭”,为固定搭配。
8.a→the 发明物的前面用定冠词 the。
9. at后加 the at the end of“在······末”,为固定搭配。
10. when 后加 the the elderly“老年人”。
Ⅲ.
【解题导语】作者抛开繁忙的工作，跑到乡下度假，乡下的生活让作者觉得很舒心。
l. the “在乡村”用 in the country/countryside表示,因此本空填定冠词 the。
2. a 固定搭配 have/take a walk表示“散步”,因此这里填不定冠词a。
3. the 固定搭配 during the day 的意思是“在白天”。
4. the 这里用固定搭配 have the patience to do sth.表示/有耐心做某事”。
5.在 这里用短语 ha y a good understanding of表示“充分理解“哪”。故本腔填不定冠词a。
6. she 这里名词 presldent不是表示职务,而是作前面有名师更https/Lee的同位语，指这个新任董事长，此时应该用she表示特指。
7. a 这里 compromise 为可数名词, make a compromise表示“作出妥协/让步”。
8. a 固定短语 once in a while 表示“有时,偶尔”。
9. the 固定短语 on the phone 表示“在打电话,在电话中”。
10. the 这里用 in the absence of 表示“当……不在的时候”。

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