2023-2024学年江苏省南通市如皋市高一（上）调研英语试卷（一）
第一部分 听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（1.5分） What will Jason do？
A.Go hiking.
B.Read at home.
C.Watch over the tents.
2．（1.5分） What is the woman？
A.A teacher.
B.A student.
C.A police officer.
3．（1.5分） What are the speakers talking about？
A.A supermarket.
B.A restaurant.
C.A party.
4．（1.5分） Where does Mary prefer to study？
A.In Britain.
B.In Germany.
C.In New Zealand.
5．（1.5分） What does the woman advise the man to do？
A.Join a health club.
B.Have a good rest.
C.Stay with the young.
第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
6．（3分）（1）When did the man begin to play the guitar？
A.8 years ago.
B.10 years ago.
C.18 years ago.
（2）What is the most difficult for the man？
A.The piano.
B.The guitar.
C.The drums.
7．（4.5分）（1）How many people will eat out tonight？
A.2.
B.4.
C.6.
（2）Where will the speakers eat tonight？
A.At the Silo.
B.At the Bingo's.
C.At the Sunshine Beach.
（3）What will Mike do next？
A.Book a table.
B.Make a phone call.
C.Buy some ice cream.
8．（4.5分）（1）How often does Tony usually get pocket money？
A.Once a week.
B.Every other week.
C.Once a month.
（2）Which club did Tony give money to？
A.The Sports Club.
B.The Anima l Club.
C.The Environment Protection Club.
（3）When did Jack donate money to the Sports Club？
A.This week.
B.Last week.
C.Last month.
9．（4.5分）（1）How long will the woman stay in the countryside？
A.About one day.
B.About two days.
C.About three days.
（2）What will the man do during his trip？
A.Go camping.
B.Watch the sunset.
C.Swim in the river.
（3）What does the woman think of riding a motorbike？
A.Exciting.
B.Relaxing.
C.Dangerous.
10．（6分）（1）What is Julie celebrating for？
A.An award of a competition.
B.The publication of a new novel.
C.Her graduation from university.
（2）Who is Julie？
A.The speaker's daughter.
B.The speaker's friend.
C.The speaker's student.
（3）What did Julie do as a child？
A.She gave some lectures.
B.She joined a writing club.
C.She won several competitions.
（4）Why does the speaker leave a message？
A.To ask Julie about her new novel.
B.To encourage Julie in her writing.
C.To send his congratulations to Julie.
第二部分 阅读第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
11．（7.5分）
Exciting celebrations and festival s around the world
Vivid Sydney，Australia：A Festival of Light，Music，and Ideas.
When：Friday，26 May 2023 to Saturday，17 June 2023
Where：Sydney，Australia
Age group：All ages，a family﹣friendly event
About：Vivid Sydney is one of the most popular annual events in Sydney.While it is the light installations（装置） shining on the Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge that gain the most attention，the festival combines dozens of light installations，musical performances，and ideas to encourage and celebrate creativity.
Merrie Monarch Festival，USA
When：Sunday，9 April 2023 to Saturday，15 April 2023
Age group：All ages，although better for older kids and teens interested in Hawaiian culture
About：It includes a 3﹣day celebration of traditional and modern Hawaiian hula dancing that takes place on the Big Island of Hawaii.It's an intense hula competition with participants（参与者） from all around the world.There are also incredible Hawaiian craft fairs，a parade，and other activities.
Parintins Folklore Festival，Brazil When：24，25，and 26 June 2023
Where：Parintins Town，Amazonas State，Brazil
Age group：Kids between 10 years old and older are allowed into the outdoor sports ground.
About：It is an important part of Brazilian culture because it celebrates an old local legend （传说） about a lady and an ox.It combines the local legend and culture with modern rhythms and themes from the whole country，which is why it is recognized as a cultural heritage of Brazil.
（1）What can you do when attending Vivid Sydney？ 　 　
A.You may gain the most attention.
B.You are encouraged to be more creative.
C.You have a chance to take part in a hula competition.
D.You can enjoy musical performances and shining lights.
（2）What do Merrie Monarch Festival and Parintins Folklore Festival have in common？ 　 　
A.They are family﹣friendly.
B.They both last three days.
C.They're both suitable for older children.
D.They're celebrated to promote traditional dances.
（3）Where is this text probably taken from？ 　 　
A.An art magazine.
B.A tourism website.
C.An academic article.
D.A geography textbook.
12．（10分） A 32﹣year﹣old Australian runner has set a new world record for continuous daily marathons as a woman.
Erchana Murray﹣Bartlett set out from Cape York，the tip of Australia，in August 2022.She then ran a marathon every day for 150 days— a3 ，900﹣mile journey that ended in Melbourne on Monday，January 16，2023.
By running the entire north﹣south distance of Australia，Murray﹣Bartlett beat the record held by British runner Kate Jayden，who ran a marathon for 106 continuous days last year.In addition to the new Guinness World Record，Murray﹣Bartlett was running to raise money for a conservation（保护） charity，the Wilderness Society.She raised ＄70，000 during her journey across Australia.
"Yesterday was everything，"she said."When I stood on the start line on August 20，I could never have imagined what the next 22 weeks would bring...I can't put into words how good crossing that finish line felt，and to be honest，I think I'll be processing for a few weeks，months，and even years to come."
Murray﹣Bartlett has been running professionally（专业地） for many years.When she missed out on qualifying for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics，she decided on a new goal：running the length of Australia and setting a new female record for continuous marathons.
To state the obvious：it wasn't always easy.Murray﹣Bartlett experienced three injuries during the first 3 weeks of the journey.But she didn't give up，and her body adapted as she ran along her country's coasts，rain forests，dirt roads and highways.She ran through heavy rain and intense heat.
The journey also served to raise awareness of Australia's extinction（灭绝） crisis.Many of the island nation's plants and animals are found nowhere else — yet 500 of them are threatened with extinction.Throughout the trip，Murray﹣Bartlett highlighted her country's biodiversity on social media.When she finally crossed the finish line on Monday evening，she learned she'd raised nearly double her fundraising（募捐） goal.
（1）What's one goal of Murray﹣Bartlett's running？ 　 　
A.To enter the next Olympics.
B.To go on running professionally.
C.To collect money for protecting wildlife.
D.To help bring back lost plants and animals.
（2）How did she feel when crossing the finish line？ 　 　
A.Pleased.
B.Faint.
C.Confident.
D.Horrible.
（3）What do we know about the journey from paragraph 6？ 　 　
A.Murray﹣Bartlett finished the journey uninjured.
B.The good weather continued during her journey.
C.There were many challenges during the journey.
D.The journey raised awareness of extinction crisis.
（4）Which words can best describe Murray﹣Bartlett？ 　 　
A.Energetic and frank.
B.Tough and determined.
C.Positive and adventurous.
D.Considerate and generous.
13．（10分） According to the United Nations， "The urban（城市的） population of the world has grown rapidly from 746 million in 1950 to 3.9 billion in 2014.Sixty﹣six percent of us will likely live in urban environments by 2050."
Along with concerns about climate change and the distances，much of our food travels from farm to plate，which has spurred（刺激） a renewed interest in producing food where people live.Urban agriculture won't solve all food production and distribution problems，but it could help take pressure off rural land while providing other advantages.
Former Vancouver city councillor Peter Ladner writes in The Urban Food Revolution（革命）， "When urban agriculture flourishes（兴旺），our children are healthier and smarter about what they eat，fewer people are hungry，more local jobs are created，local economies are stronger，our neighborhoods are greener and safer，and our communities are more inclusive."
A 2016 study from the US Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future found that urban agriculture could "increase social capital，community well﹣being，and civic engagement with the food system"，as well as enhance food security，provide ecosystem services，improve health and build people's skills.
Urban agriculture isn't new.During the First and Second World Wars，Canada，the US，the UK and Germany encouraged"victory gardens"to improve people's life by reducing pressure on food systems and farms.Gardens and chicken cages appeared in yards，parks，school fields，golf courses，railway edges and empty lands.Peter Ladner notes that，during the Second World War，the UK had 1.5 million small land producing 10 percent of the country's food，including half of its fruit and vegetables；and by war's end，more than 20 million home gardens provided 40 percent of the US domestically（国内的） consumed products.
Indeed，there were fewer people and more open spaces then，but it's still possible to grow food in urban areas today，especially with new technologies and enriched soil techniques.Peter Ladner writes that Toronto plans to provide 25 percent of its fruit and vegetable production within city limits by 2025.
（1）What are mentioned by Peter Ladner and Johns Hopkins Center？ 　 　
A.The revolutions of urban food.
B.The well﹣being of our children.
C.The development of food production.
D.The benefits of urban agriculture.
（2）What do we know about "victory gardens"？ 　 　
A.They first appeared in the US.
B.They were built in various places.
C.They helped reduce people's stress.
D.They provided 40% of the UK's food.
（3）Compared with"victory gardens"，what's the advantage of today's urban agriculture？ 　 　
A.More open spaces.
B.More variety in food.
C.Advanced technology.
D.Increased production.
（4）What's the author's purpose in writing the text？ 　 　
A.To advertise Toronto urban planning.
B.To analyse the problem of urban food.
C.To call for attention to urban population.
D.To introduce the idea of urban agriculture.
14．（10分） Pandas are famously picky caters.They only eat bamboo— a poor quality diet low in fat.
But the creatures appear to have evolved to get the most out of what they do eat，according to a new study.
Their gut bacteria （肠道细菌） change in late spring and early summer when bamboo is at its most nutritious—while it's producing protein﹣rich green shoots.The bacteria make the bear gain more weight and store more fat，which researchers said may make up for a lack of nutrients later in the year when bamboo plants have only leaves to feed on.
To see how the gut bacteria could affect a panda's metabolism（新陈代谢），the team first collected the waste of eight wild giant pandas during both leaf﹣eating season and shoot﹣eating season and then examined how the waste samples differed.
They found that a bacterium called Clostridium butyricum was more abundant in the pandas' guts during the season when they enjoy the fresh bamboo shoots.
To find whether this bacteria help the pandas gain and store weight，the researchers performed a waste transplant （移植），putting the panda waste they collected into lab mice.
Researchers found that mice，transplanted with panda waste collected during shoot﹣eating season，gained significantly more weight，despite eating the same amount of food.
Wei Fuwen，a coauthor of the study，said that further work is needed to prove the connection.He added that their work could help improve the health of captive giant pandas.
（1）What does the underlined word"shoots" in paragraph 3 mean？ 　 　
A.Fresh leaves.
B.Gut bacteria.
C.Heavy weights.
D.Newly﹣grown branches.
（2）Why did researchers perform the waste transplant？ 　 　
A.To prove their thoughts.
B.To challenge others' belief.
C.To help pandas gain weight.
D.To find differences in samples.
（3）What is Wei Fuwen's attitude towards their work？ 　 　
A.Negative.
B.Positive.
C.Doubtful.
D.Uncaring.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A.Why Grass﹣eating Pandas Are Round
B.What Giant Pandas Are Fond of Eating
C.How Gut Bacteria Change in Late Spring
D.Who Is to Blame for the Poor Diet of Pandas
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
15．（12.5分） Who is a genius？This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly：Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbol for genius.But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us？ （1）　 　
In the sciences and arts，those praised as geniuses were most often white men，of European origin. （2）　 　 It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.But in fact，many contributions were made by geniuses outside the club.（3）　 　
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six，girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender（性别） are"really，really smart."Even worse，the study found that girls act on that belief.Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are "really，really smart."Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up？ （4）　 　
（5）　 　In a world with constant global communication，we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.And the more we look，the more we will see that social factors（因素） like gender，race，and class do not determine the appearance of genius.As a writer says，future geniuses come from those with "intelligence，creativity，perseverance（毅力），and simple good fortune，who are able to change the world."
A.And who are they？
B.Here's the good news.
C.Perhaps this comes as no surprise.
D.Nine times out of ten，the answer is"yes".
E.Fortunately，they are now taken more seriously.
F.It does not take a genius to know the answer：absolutely not.
G.Most of them，due to their different color or belief，were ignored.
第三部分 语言运用第一节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16．（15分） I've stopped arguing with my mum this year.Almost every conversation we used to have would end with （1）　 　.We would argue about everything，from job to family.No conversation was（2）　 　.I've never doubted my mum's（3）　 　 .I knew she wasn't going to（4）　 　 me.But now in her 70s，she is weak from having （5）　 　 cancer，and left with hearing loss；I'm aware that we're running out of （6）　 　 .We've been standing at the opposite （7）　 　 of a bridge，our arms outstretched，not knowing how to get to each other for too long.
At the age of 47，I finally scratched the CD that Mum and I had been playing on a loop（循环播放） for years.I began ending conversations early to （8）　 　arguments，I stopped filling silences，and I didn't ask questions whose （9）　 　 I wouldn't like.
I began to see my mum as a person separate from me.Mum came to England from Karachi in 1973 when she was 23 years old.At the time，everything was （10）　 　 .She did not have the energy to be angry like me.
This year，I have come to understand that my （11）　 　 was not for her，but grief（悲伤） for the people and experiences that I feel I had （12）　 　 ，for having had to fight alone.But my mum had also had her battles，and she'd done her best.We love each other，and love requires （13）　 　 .
We're not fully there yet.I'm still raw，and I get the sense that my mum is still nervous，but we are walking towards each other，and （4）　 　our hands will meet in the （15）　 　 of that bridge.
（1）A.comforts B.arguments C.explosion D.breakdown
（2）A.enough B.thorough C.effective D.safe
（3）A.love B.belief C.judgement D.words
（4）A.shoot B.press C.leave D.trick
（5）A.sought B.battled C.skipped D.attacked
（6）A.luck B.patience C.money D.time
（7）A.sides B.options C.targets D.aims
（8）A.recover B.ignore C.avoid D.balance
（9）A.answer B.influence C.origin D.disadvantage
（10）A.smooth B.difficult C.joyful D.regular
（11）A.concern B.fright C.anger D.confidence
（12）A.acquired B.desired C.lost D.suffered
（13）A.contact B.acceptance C.chat D.company
（14）A.equally B.slightly C.hopefully D.nervously
（15）A.center B.hole C.basis D.scene
第二节 根据提示，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
17．（1.5分）I also had a friend 　 　 I trusted a lot. （用适当的词填空）
18．（1.5分）I found maths quite easy and 　 　（enjoy） because the material was less advanced in the UK than in China.
19．（1.5分） Joining clubs 　 　（be） usually a great way to meet British students and make friends with them.
20．（1.5分） 　 　 （fortunate），your parents do not always agree，and that makes you feel 　 　（happy）. （用所给词的适当形式填空）
21．（1.5分） She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and 　 　（rush） to hospital.
22．（1.5分）In a society 　 　 being thin is often seen as being beautiful，teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down.
23．（1.5分） Friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes 　 　 a greater meaning and trouble shared becomes a trouble halved!
24．（1.5分）Maybe she has a simple 　 　（explain） for her behavior. （所给词的适当形式填空）
25．（1.5分）　 　 we're walking to school， doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend， we're hardly out of each other's sight. （用适当的词填空）
26．（1.5分）Friendship grows best between friends 　 　communication is warm and open.
第三节 翻译句子
27．（2.5分）大雪使得我们无法出去。 （主+谓+宾+宾补） 　 　
28．（2.5分）真正的朋友是在全世界都离开你的时候靠近你身边的人。（定语从句，walk in/out） 　 　
29．（2.5分）时间不多了，我们必须要快一点。 （so…that） 　 　
30．（2.5分）你需要不断努力锻炼你的心智和发展你的性格。（make a continuous effort） 　 　
31．（2.5分） 这会提醒你为了什么而努力。 （remind sb.of sth.） 　 　
32．（2.5分）抛开一切烦恼，因为快乐是最重要的。 （let go of sth.） 　 　
33．（2.5分）你可能会感到焦虑，因为你正在以不同于你的朋友的速度成长。（at a different rate to sb） 　 　
34．（2.5分）我们期待为公司未来的发展做出贡献。（look forward to，contribute to） 　 　
35．（2.5分）如果你从不使用字典，那拥有字典也就没有什么意义了。 （There is no point in doing） 　 　
36．（2.5分）通过友谊，我们可以变得更开心，更智慧，更满足。（主系表） 　 　
第四部分 应用文写作
37．（15分）假定你是李华，你弟弟李军发现他的好朋友 Jack 沉迷游戏，他很担心，写信向你求助。请你根据下面的提示写一封建议信。内容包括：
（1）表示理解；
（2）提出建议；
（3）表示祝愿。
注意：
（1）词数80词左右；
（2）开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
（3）可适当增加细节；以使行文连贯。
Dear Li Jun，
All the best，
Li Hua
2023-2024学年江苏省南通市如皋市高一（上）调研英语试卷（一）
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分 听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．【解答】C W：We need someone to keep an eye on the tents while we're hiking.So who will stay here？
M：I prefer to stay here to do some reading.
W：Good，it's settled then.You stay，Jason.
2．【解答】A M：I heard you've got some troublesome students in your class.
W：Yes.Now I'm having a hard time dealing with them.But I'm sure I'll change them as time goes by.
3．【解答】B M：Well，the environment and the music are nice，but the meat was tough，the potatoes were cold，and the service was terrible.I will never come here.
W：Yes，and they charged us too much.
4．【解答】A M：Mary，have you decided which country to study in？I suggest you go to Germany or New Zealand.
W：I prefer to go to Britain because there are so many interesting places.
5．【解答】A M：I know I should exercise.But after a hard day's work，I'm too tired when I get back home.And I'm extremely hungry.
W：Why not join a health club？I know a lot of people do that.It's quite popular，especially among the young.
第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
6．【解答】BA W：I wish I could play music like you!When did you learn to play the guitar？
M：Oh，I've been playing since I was eight，and I'm 18 years old now.During that time I learned to play the drums too.
W：What about it？That must be really difficult.
M：In the beginning，it really was，but after a few lessons I got better.Practice makes perfect，you know.For me，the piano is the most difficult.I once tried it，but gave it up.
7．【解答】CCB W：Mike，have you booked a table at the Silo？
M：No.There was just a table for two left when I called.
W：Well，have you called the Bingo's？
M：Yes.But there's just a table for four left.We need a table for two more people.
W：Then have you managed to book a table？
M：Luckily，when I called the Sunshine Beach，they had a table that we need.The problem is that it won't be ready until 8：00 pm.
W：It's a bit late，but I guess we can eat some ice cream before we go there.So have you told the others about it？
M：No.I was just trying to call them when you stopped me and talked to me.
W：Then do it now.
8．【解答】ACC W：Hi，Tony.How often do you get pocket money from your parents？
M：Usually once a week.Sometimes every other week.
W：Then how much do you usually get？
M：About ＄20.Why？
W：You know，our Animal Club plans to buy some food for the homeless animals.Would you like to donate some money？
M：I'd love to.But I just gave ＄15 to the Environment Protection Club last week.And I don't have much money left now.
W：That's OK.I will ask someone else then.
M：Why not ask Jack？He usually has much pocket money.Last month he gave ＄30 to the Sports Club.
W：That's a good idea.
9．【解答】BBC W：What will you do this weekend？
M：I'm going to ride my motorbike to the mountains with my friends.We'll start on Friday morning and be back on Sunday night.How about you？
W：I'm going camping with my parents.We will go to the countryside on Saturday morning and stay overnight.Then we will come back on Sunday evening.
M：You should go with me.Sitting on the top of the mountain，you can enjoy the sunset.Riding a motorbike is more exciting than camping.
W：Maybe，but I rode a motorbike once and I think it's too dangerous.I'd like to relax and it's so peaceful in the countryside.We will sit by the river，singing songs and looking at the stars.
M：OK.Enjoy yourself!
10．【解答】BABC
M：Hi，Julie.Your phone is turned off and I guess you must be celebrating with your friends.Your mom and I watched TV yesterday evening and heard about the good news about your novel.Wow!This must feel as good as the day you graduated from university!No，even better than that!Anyway，I'm phoning just to say you've made me a very proud Dad!I'm really delighted for you.You're interested in writing all the time.I remember you joined a writing club at the age of 11 and attended many lectures there.You took part in several writing competitions.Although you never won a thing，you never gave up，did you？You've worked so hard to realize your dream and you completely deserve what it has offered you.I can't wait to see your new novel in the bookstores.When will it be coming out，do you know？Well，as I said，I am really proud of you.Speak soon.Love you.
第二部分 阅读第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
11．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一行Vivid Sydney，Australia：A Festival of Light，Music，and Ideas（生动的悉尼，澳大利亚：一个光、音乐和思想的节日），可知参加Vivid Sydney时，您可以欣赏音乐表演和耀眼的灯光，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Merrie Monarch Festival，USA部分的Age group：All ages，although better for older kids and teens interested in Hawaiian culture（年龄组：所有年龄段，尽管对年龄较大的孩子和对夏威夷文化感兴趣的青少年更好）；以及Parintins Folklore Festival部分的 Age group：Kids between 10 years old and older are allowed into the outdoor sports ground（年龄组：10岁及以上的儿童可以进入户外运动场），可知Merrie Monarch Festival和Parintins Folklore Festival的共同点是它们都适合年龄较大的孩子，故选C。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍了几个著名的节日活动，从而吸引人们来旅游观光，所以这段文字可能取自一个旅游网站，故选B。
12．【解答】（1）细节理解题。文章第三段中In addition to the new Guinness World Record，Murray﹣Bartlett was running to raise money for a conservation（保护） charity，the Wilderness Society.（除了新的吉尼斯世界纪录外，Murray Bartlett还为一家保护慈善机构"荒野协会"筹集资金。）由此可知，筹集资金是Murray﹣Bartlett跑步的目标之一。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。文章最后一句When she finally crossed the finish line on Monday evening，she learned she'd raised nearly double her fundraising（募捐） goal.（周一晚上，当她终于冲过终点线时，她得知自己筹集的资金几乎是筹款目标的两倍。）由此可知，此时Murray﹣Bartlett是高兴的。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。倒数第二段首句总结了段落大意：To state the obvious：it wasn't always easy.（显而易见的是：这并不总是那么容易。）再结合下文：Murray﹣Bartlett experienced three injuries during the first 3 weeks of the journey.（Murray Bartlett在旅程的前三周经历了三次受伤。）She ran through heavy rain and intense heat.（她在大雨和酷热中奔跑。）由此可知，在Murray﹣Bartlett跑步旅程中有许多困难。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章第四段Murray﹣Bartlett has been running professionally（专业地） for many years.When she missed out on qualifying for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics，she decided on a new goal：running the length of Australia and setting a new female record for continuous marathons.（Murray Bartlett多年来一直从事职业跑步。当她错过了2020年东京奥运会的参赛资格时，她决定了一个新的目标：跑完澳大利亚的全程，并创造连续马拉松的新女性纪录。）以及第一段 A 32﹣year﹣old Australian runner has set a new world record for continuous daily marathons as a woman.（ 一名32岁的澳大利亚女选手创造了每日连续马拉松比赛的新世界纪录。）由此可知，Murray﹣Bartlett是一个坚韧而坚定的人。故选B。
13．【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第三段Former Vancouver city councillor Peter Ladner writes in The Urban Food Revolution（革命）， "When urban agriculture flourishes（兴旺），our children are healthier and smarter about what they eat，fewer people are hungry，more local jobs are created，local economies are stronger，our neighborhoods are greener and safer，and our communities are more inclusive."（前温哥华市议员彼得 拉德纳在《城市食品革命》中写道："当城市农业蓬勃发展时，我们的孩子会更健康，更明智地选择食物，更少的人挨饿，更多的当地就业机会被创造出来，当地经济更强大，我们的社区更环保、更安全，我们的社区更包容。"）以及第四段A 2016 study from the US Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future found that urban agriculture could "increase social capital，community well﹣being，and civic engagement with the food system"，as well as enhance food security，provide ecosystem services，improve health and build people's skills.（美国约翰霍普金斯大学宜居未来中心2016年的一项研究发现，城市农业可以"增加社会资本、社区福祉和公民对粮食系统的参与"，并加强粮食安全、提供生态系统服务、改善健康和培养人们的技能。）可知彼得 拉德纳和约翰 霍普金斯中心提到了城市农业的好处。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段During the First and Second World Wars，Canada，the US，the UK and Germany encouraged"victory gardens"to improve people's life by reducing pressure on food systems and farms.Gardens and chicken cages appeared in yards，parks，school fields，golf courses，railway edges and empty lands.（在第一次和第二次世界大战期间，加拿大、美国、英国和德国鼓励"胜利花园"，通过减少粮食系统和农场的压力来改善人们的生活。庭院、公园、学校场地、高尔夫球场、铁路边缘和空地上都出现了花园和鸡笼。）可知"胜利花园"建在不同的地方。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Indeed，there were fewer people and more open spaces then，but it's still possible to grow food in urban areas today，especially with new technologies and enriched soil techniques.（的确，那时人口更少，开放空间更多，但今天在城市地区种植食物仍然是可能的，特别是有了新技术和肥沃的土壤技术。）可知与"胜利花园"相比，今天的都市农业的优势是有先进的技术。故选C。
（4）目的意图题。阅读全文以及根据第三段Former Vancouver city councillor Peter Ladner writes in The Urban Food Revolution（革命）， "When urban agriculture flourishes（兴旺），our children are healthier and smarter about what they eat，fewer people are hungry，more local jobs are created，local economies are stronger，our neighborhoods are greener and safer，and our communities are more inclusive."（前温哥华市议员彼得 拉德纳在《城市食品革命》中写道："当城市农业蓬勃发展时，我们的孩子会更健康，更明智地选择食物，更少的人挨饿，更多的当地就业机会被创造出来，当地经济更强大，我们的社区更环保、更安全，我们的社区更包容。"）以及第四段A 2016 study from the US Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future found that urban agriculture could "increase social capital，community well﹣being，and civic engagement with the food system"，as well as enhance food security，provide ecosystem services，improve health and build people's skills.（美国约翰霍普金斯大学宜居未来中心2016年的一项研究发现，城市农业可以"增加社会资本、社区福祉和公民对粮食系统的参与"，并加强粮食安全、提供生态系统服务、改善健康和培养人们的技能。）可知本文主要介绍了城市农业的好处。所以目的是引入都市农业的理念。故选D。
14．【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子Their gut bacteria （肠道细菌） change in late spring and early summer when bamboo is at its most nutritious—while it's producing protein﹣rich green shoots.（它们的肠道细菌在春末夏初发生变化，此时竹子的营养最丰富，同时也会产生富含蛋白质的绿芽。）可知划线词意思是"新树枝"。A.Fresh leaves.新树叶；B.Gut bacteria.肠道细菌；C.Heavy weights.重物；D.Newly﹣grow n branches.新生枝条。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段To see how the gut bacteria could affect a panda's metabolism（新陈代谢），the team first collected the waste of eight wild giant pandas during both leaf﹣eating season and shoot﹣eating season and then examined how the waste samples differed.（为了了解肠道细菌是如何影响熊猫的新陈代谢的，研究小组首先收集了8只野生大熊猫在吃树叶和吃射击季节的排泄物，然后研究了这些排泄物样本的差异。）可知研究人员要进行废物移植是为了证明他们的想法。故选A。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段Wei Fuwen，a coauthor of the study，said that further work is needed to prove the connection.He added that their work could help improve the health of captive giant pandas.（该研究的合著者魏福文表示，需要进一步的工作来证明这种联系。他补充说，他们的工作可以帮助改善圈养大熊猫的健康状况。）可知魏福文对他们的工作的态度是肯定的。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文以及根据第三段Their gut bacteria （肠道细菌） change in late spring and early summer when bamboo is at its most nutritious—while it's producing protein﹣rich green shoots.The bacteria make the bear gain more weight and store more fat，which researchers said may make up for a lack of nutrients later in the year when bamboo plants have only leaves to feed on.（它们的肠道细菌在春末夏初发生变化，此时竹子的营养最丰富，同时也会产生富含蛋白质的绿芽。这种细菌会使熊体重增加，并储存更多的脂肪，研究人员表示，这可能会弥补竹子在今年晚些时候只有叶子可吃时缺乏的营养。）可知本文主要讲述了大熊猫只吃竹子，但是身体也会有很多的脂肪。所以"A.Why Grass﹣eating Pandas Are Round为什么食草熊猫是圆的"为最佳标题。故选A。
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
15．【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us（为什么有些人比我们其他人更聪明或更有创造力），可知表示"他们是谁"的选项A可以承接前文，进一步询问谁更聪明或更有创造力，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句In the sciences and arts，those praised as geniuses were most often white men，of European origin（在科学和艺术领域，那些被誉为天才的往往是欧洲血统的白人）；以及后句It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club（据说历史是由胜利者书写的，那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部制定了标准），可知表示"也许这并不奇怪"的选项C可以承接前文天才往往是欧洲血统的白人的话题，引出后句解释这个现象的原因，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.But in fact，many contributions were made by geniuses outside the club（据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。但事实上，俱乐部外的天才们做出了许多贡献），可知表示"由于他们的肤色或信仰不同，他们中的大多数人都被忽视了"的选项G可以承接前文，介绍其他天才被忽视的原因，故选G。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up（我们的星球能承受得起任何伟大的思想家变得气馁和放弃吗），可知表示"不需要天才就能知道答案：绝对不会"的选项F可以回答前文的问题，说明我们的星球不能承受得起任何伟大的思想家变得气馁和放弃的结果，故选F。
（5）主题判断题。根据后句In a world with constant global communication，we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.And the more we look，the more we will see that social factors（因素） like gender，race，and class do not determine the appearance of genius（在一个全球交流不断的世界里，无论天才出现在哪里，我们都能看到他们的闪光。我们观察得越多，就越会发现，性别、种族和阶级等社会因素并不能决定天才的外貌），可知表示"这是个好消息"的选项B可以作为本段的主题句，说明现在的好消息是：现在的世界里，无论天才出现在哪里，我们都能看到他们的闪光，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用第一节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16．【解答】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.comforts舒适；B.arguments争吵；C.explosion爆炸；D.breakdown故障。句意：我们过去几乎每一次谈话都会以争吵告终。根据上文I've stopped arguing with my mum this year.可知是争吵。故选B。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.enough足够的；B.thorough彻底的；C.effective有效的；D.safe安全的。句意：没有一次谈话是安全的。根据上文We would argue about everything，from job to family.可知是没有一次是不吵架的。故选D。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.love爱；B.belief信仰；C.judgement判断；D.words单词。句意：我从未怀疑过我妈妈的爱。根据下文We love each other可知是从未怀疑妈妈的爱。故选A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.shoot拍摄；B.press按压，印刷；C.leave离开；D.trick戏弄。句意：我知道她不会离开我。故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.sought寻求；B.battled战斗；C.skipped跳过；D.attacked攻击。句意：但现在她已经70多岁了，因为与癌症作斗争而身体虚弱，听力受损。我知道我们的时间不多了。根据下文But my mum had also had her battles，and she'd done her best.可知是战斗。故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.luck运气；B.patience耐心；C.money钱；D.time时间。句意：但现在她已经70多岁了，因为与癌症作斗争而身体虚弱，听力受损。我知道我们的时间不多了。根据上文But now in her 70s，she is weak from having （5）cancer可知时间不多了。故选D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.sides侧面；B.options选择；C.targets目标；D.aims目标。句意：我们一直站在桥的对面，伸出双臂，不知道如何接近对方太久了。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.recover恢复；B.ignore忽略；C.avoid避免；D.balance平衡。句意：我开始提前结束对话以避免争吵，我停止了沉默，也没有问那种答案我不喜欢的问题。根据上文I began ending conversations early可知是避免争吵。故选C。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.answer答案；B.influence影响；C.origin起源；D.disadvantage劣势。句意：我开始提前结束对话以避免争论，我停止了沉默，也没有问那种答案我不喜欢的问题。根据上文I didn't ask questions可知是答案。故选A。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.smooth光滑的；B.difficult困难的；C.joyful快乐的；D.regular常规的。句意：当时，一切都很困难。根据上文Mum came to England from Karachi in 1973 when she was 23 years old可知是非常困难。故选B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.concern关心；B.fright恐惧；C.anger愤怒；D.confidence信心。句意：今年，我明白了，我的愤怒不是因为她，而是因为那些我感到失去的人和经历，因为我不得不独自战斗。根据下文but grief（悲伤） for the people and experiences可知作者的愤怒不是因为妈妈。故选C。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.acquired获得；B.desired渴望；C.lost丢失；D.suffered忍受。句意：今年，我明白了，我的愤怒不是因为她，而是因为那些我感到失去的人和经历，因为我不得不独自战斗。故选C。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.contact联系；B.acceptance接受；C.chat聊天；D.company陪伴，公司。句意：我们彼此相爱，爱需要接受。故选B。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.equally同等地；B.slightly轻微地；C.hopefully希望地；D.nervously紧张地。句意：我仍然很原始，我感觉到我妈妈仍然很紧张，但我们正在走向对方，希望我们的手能在桥的中心相遇。根据上文but we are walking towards each other可知希望越走越近。故选C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.center中心；B.hole孔；C.basis基础；D.scene场景。句意：我仍然很原始，我感觉到我妈妈仍然很紧张，但我们正在走向对方，希望我们的手能在桥的中心相遇。故选A。
第二节 根据提示，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
17．【解答】分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导定语从句，先行词为friend，作trusted的宾语，表示人，用who。
故填：who。
18．【解答】分析句子，此句为find+宾语+宾补，结合easy，设空处应用形容词enjoyable" 愉快的，有趣的"，作宾补。
故填：enjoyable。
19．【解答】根据usually可知是一般现在时，此处是动名词"Joining clubs"做主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数。be用is。故填：is。
20．【解答】根据句意和下文的do not always agree分析句子可知，第一空应该用副词形式unfortunately作状语，修饰后面的句子；根据上文的do not always agree可知，第二空应该用happy的反义词unhappy作表语。
故填：Unfortunately；unhappy。
21．【解答】根据句意可知表示"被紧急送往医院"，根据passed out可知是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she是第三人称单数。
故填：was rushed。
22．【解答】分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词society在定语从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where引导从句。
故填：where。
23．【解答】根据句意可知此处表示"呈现"，即"take on"。
故填：on。
24．【解答】根据空格前的冠词a和形容词simple可知，空格处应填名词的单数形式作宾语，结合句意"解释"是explanation，为可数名词。
故填：explanation。
25．【解答】答案：Whether.whether …or …意为"是 …还是 …； 或者 …或者 …； 不是 …就是 …"，是固定搭配。故填：Whether.
26．【解答】when"当……时候"，引导时间状语从句。
故填：when。
第三节 翻译句子
27．【解答】根据句意，表示"使无法做某事"应用"make+it+impossible+to do sth"，it为形式宾语，不定式to do是真正的宾语；大雪"The heavy snow"，出去"go out"。
故填：The heavy snow made it impossible for us to go out.
28．【解答】根据句意，本句应使用定语从句，主句是"真正的朋友是...人，表达为"A real friend is someone "，"靠近你身边的人"是定语，分析句意，应表达成定语从句，someone是该定语从句的先行词，在从句中做主语，指人，所以从句用who引导，表达为"who walks in "；"全世界都离开你的时候"在句中作时间状语，表达为"when the rest of the world walks out"，本句讲的是一个客观事实，所以要用一般现在时。
故填：A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.
29．【解答】根据句意可知句子用There be结构表示"存在......"，时态用一般现在时，主语是time，不可数名词，所以be动词用is；left表示"剩下的"，作后置定语修饰time，hurry up"快点"，so...that..."如此......以致于......"。
故填：There is so little time left that we must hurry up.
30．【解答】不断努力"make continuous effort"，锻炼你的心智"train your mind"，发展你的性格"develop your character"，需要做某事"need to do sth"，根据句意，努力的目的是去锻炼心智和发展性格，句子需要用不定式来表示目的，作状语。
故填：You need to make a continuous effort to train your mind and develop your character.
31．【解答】根据句意可知，本句应用一般将来时。提醒某人某事"remind sb of sth"，为了什么而努力"what you are working for"，what引导的是宾语从句，作of的宾语。
故填：This will remind you of what you are working for.
32．【解答】let go of sth"放开，释放"，happiness"快乐"，the most important"最重要的"，根据句意，句子应使用祈使句结构。
故填：Let go of all your troubles because happiness is the most important.
33．【解答】1.根据语境及句意，主句用一般现在时，从句用现在进行时；2.feel anxious that"感到焦虑"；at a different rate to sb.以与某人不同的速度。
故填：You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends.
34．【解答】期待"look forward to"，为......做贡献"contribute to "，公司的未来发展"the future growth of our company"，根据句意可知，句子应用一般现在时。
故填：We look forward to contributing to the future growth of our company.
35．【解答】1.因表示的是一般事实，主从句都用一般现在时；2.if you never use it是if引导的条件状语从句；there is no point in doing sth.是一个句型，意为"做某事没有意义"。
故填：There is no point in having a dictionary if you never use it.
36．【解答】通过"through"，变得"become"，更开心，更智慧，更满足"happier，wiser and more satisfied "，根据句意，谓语部分应用情态动词can，其后接动词原形。
故填：Through friendship，we can become happier，wiser and more satisfied .
第四部分 应用文写作
37．【解答】Dear Li Jun，
Knowing that you are worried about your friend Jack，who plays computer games too often and spends too much time online，I understand that you are anxious and feel terrible.【高分句型一】（表示理解）
I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour.【高分句型二】It is not uncommon for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world.But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.I think you should encourage your friend to try new hobbies，such as reading，painting or playing musical instruments.How about discussing the problem together？I am sure he will listen to you，since you are his best friend.（提出建议）
I hope everything will turn out all right in the end.Looking forward to your early reply.（表示祝愿）
All the best，
Li Hua

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