Module 10 The weather 阅读理解 专练（含解析）外研版版英语八年级上册
Many foreign people may want to travel to China. But when is the best time to visit some of Chinese cities Here is some advice.
The best time to visit Beijing is in September or October, because it’s cool in these months. There are many old and great places to visit, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Palace Museum. People may also visit some new places like the Bird Nest and the Water Cube.
Do you want to feel cool in a hot summer Please go to Lhasa. And the best time to visit it is in July or August. The city lies in the plateau that is usually thousands of metres above the sea level and the weather is pretty cool in summer. There you may enjoy special dance and music and taste good food. But you might need a coat or sweater because it’s cold in the evening.
In most places of China, it’s usually cold in winter. But Hainan Island is different. In winter, it’s always warm there. So winter is the best time to visit Haikou and Sanya. There you’ll probably enjoy swimming, diving or walking on the beach. Of course, you may taste all kinds of fruit and seafood there. That’s great!
1．How many Chinese cities does the passage tell us
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
2．When is the best time to visit Beijing
A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. D．In winter.
3．What might the underlined word “plateau” mean in Chinese
A．丘陵 B．高原 C．盆地 D．平原
4．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．It’s best to visit Chinese cities in different times.
B．All the foreign people love to visit Chinese cities.
C．There are many great cities in China for people to visit.
D．In China, people should visit some cities in summer or winter.
In northern China during spring, big sandstorm often make trouble for people. Sandstorms usually happen in spring. They have happened in more than 10 provinces in northern China this year. People in southern China don't have to worry about this kind of bad weather. Most of the sand comes from the north of China. In northern China, lots of places have few trees and don't get much rain. When there aren't many trees, the ground can't keep enough water. Over the years, the ground dries up and turns to sand. When spring comes and the ice melts, the ground becomes loose. Strong winds take theloosesand into the sky. Besides, in northeast China, there lies some vast deserts.
Sandstorms are bad for people's health. If people breathe in too much sand, they will cough or have serious illnesses. Sandstorms also give farmers lots of problems. Sometimes their sheep get lost in the storms and never come back home. The winds also tear the farmers' houses down.
What can you do to stop sandstorms Here's a piece of advice. Ask your parents to help you plant some trees this spring. If you see people cutting down too many trees, tell them about the dangers of sandstorms, and ask your government to stop them.
5．When do sandstorms usually happen
A．In summer. B．In spring. C．In winter. D．In autumn
6．What does the underlined word "loose" mean in the first paragraph
A．肥沃的 B．贫瘠的 C．疏松的 D．大量的
7．The second paragraph tells us ______________.
A．why sandstorms happen in northern China
B．the dangers of sandstorms
C．sandstorms aren’t terrible at all
D．how sandstorms happen
8．Which of the following is NOT a way to stop sandstorms
A．Plant more trees in spring.
B．Stop people to cut down too many trees.
C．Don’t stay outside when sandstorms happen.
D．Tell people about the dangers of sandstorms.
9．Which is the best title for this passage ___________
A．Sandstorms
B．How we can stop sandstorms
C．Why sandstorms only happen in northern China
D．Sandstorms can influence most of China
Last summer vacation I went to Taiwan, China with my parents. Taiwan is really beautiful! The weather is good. It is always warm and humid because the sea is around Taiwan. In the north, it’s cold in winter. But in the south, it’s still warm in winter and you can enjoy the sunshine every day. The typhoon(台风) season is from June to October.
There are many mountains in Taiwan. Ali Mountain is one of the biggest mountains there. We went to climb Ali Mountain one afternoon. There are many trees in the forest there. They are very tall and many of them are really old.
Sun Moon Lake is the largest natural lake in Taiwan. In the lake there are many kinds of fishes.
We also went to the beaches and enjoyed the sunshine. There are many kinds of food in the small towns near the sea. Dumplings with shrimp(虾) in them are my favourite.
Taiwan is a beautiful island, and I love it! I took many photos there. Would you love to see them
10．The typhoon season lasts ________.
A．60 days B．10 weeks
C．about 3 months D．around 150 days
11．The trees in the forest in Ali Mountain are _________.
A．tall and old B．short
C．new D．short and old
12．The writer’s favourite food is ________ in Taiwan.
A．dumplings with shrimp B．fish
C．dumplings and porridge D．fish and dumplings
13．The weather in Taiwan is similar with that in ________.
A．Beijing B．Xiamen
C．Hunan D．Shanghai
14．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the weather in Taiwan, China
B．asking people to visit Taiwan, China
C．the introduction of Taiwan, China
D．the story of Taiwan, China
It was a cold evening. I was in a restaurant wearing a pair of new white shoes when a boy of ten came to me. He was in an old large shirt. "Excuse me, sir! Could I clean your shoes " the boy asked. "__________" I answered.
The boy was busy doing his work when a heavy rain began. More and more people rushed in and I could not find the boy. Several hours passed, I thought the boy would not return my shoes. When it was near midnight, the rain stopped. As the restaurant was to be closed, I had to move to the door.
To my surprise, at the door, I found the boy was sleeping without his old large shirt. He held a package wrapped (包裹) by his shirt in his arms. I shook him and woke him up. He jumped up and cleaned his eyes for a while before he recognized me, Then he opened the package hurriedly, gave my shoes back to me, and said, "I am sorry, sir." "It doesn't matter." I said. Then, I thanked him and wrapped him with his unfit shit. On my way home, the boy still stayed in my mind.
15．Which of the following is RIGHT about the boy
A．He was very polite. B．He was 11. C．He had a new shirt. D．He wore new shoes.
16．Which of the following can be put in "__________"
A．Sorry, OK. B．No, Thanks. C．Yes, please. D．Of course not.
17．Why was the writer not able to find the boy
A．The rain was very heavy. B．The boy went to sleep.
C．The boy hid himself away. D．Too many people came in.
18．What does the underlined word "recognized" mean
A．看见 B．付费 C．帮助 D．认出
19．What can we know from the above story
A．The writer was deeply moved by the boy. B．The boy wanted to take the shoes home
C．The writer's shoes were all wet finally. D．The boy got lots of money from the writer.
Without classes and exams, summer vacation（假期） is a good time for Australian kids. To me, it means much more than not going to school. It’s also a good opportunity to spend time with my family because I have little time with them during the school year.
Last summer I travelled with my family to the Hawkesbury River in Western Sydney. It was one of the most interesting summer vacations of my life.
Staying by the river helped us run away from the hot weather and noise of the city. Everybody played, including（包括） my grandparents, parents, brothers and sisters. First, we went water-skiing, then we enjoyed wakeboarding and other activities. These activities brought our family closer together.
In the warm afternoon, we quietly read a favourite book under a tree by the river. The days always ended with a campfire. Everyone sat around the fire talking and laughing（笑）.
The river is an enjoyable place for you to forget about all the worries of everyday life and simply（仅仅） enjoy the moment. To me, it is a wonderful place to spend time together as a family during one of the best times of the year. I can’t help thinking about those days again and again, even so many months later.
20．What makes the writer miss（想念） the summer vacation most
A．Not going to school. B．Without classes and exams.
C．Travelling with friends. D．Spending time with family.
21．What does the underlined（画线的） word “opportunity” mean
A．机会 B．季节 C．结果 D．挑战
22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The writer always lives with his family during the school year.
B．It was so hot in Australia that they had to stay at home.
C．The river is a fantastic（极好的） place for the writer to relax.
D．His grandparents were too old to play games with them.
23．How does the writer feel about his last summer vacation
A．Common. B．Meaningful. C．Boring. D．Tiring.
Going to a friend's house is very exciting. You may spend time with a friend and get to see where he or she lives. So remember to be polite.
The first thing to remember is that when a friend invites you over, you need to arrive on time. If your friend tells you to come "around 3：00", that means you can arrive a little bit after 3：00. But usually it is a good idea to arrive at the right time.
Often it is also nice to bring something to your friend's house. This could be a box of chocolates for you to share, or maybe a CD that you can enjoy together. You can also bring some flowers. A little gift is a nice way to show your friend that you are excited to be at his or her house.
When you visit your friend's house, you may also meet his or her parents. You should tell them who you are and they may tell you their names. As a child, I went to visit my friend Paul. I called his parents by their first names John and Mary. But now I know it is more polite to call them Mr. and Mrs. Smith. This will show them more respect（尊重）and then they may tell you to call them by their first names. Another way to show respect is to call them madam or sir.
It is a cool thing to visit a friend's house. Be polite to your friend and your friend's parents, and you will be invited again.
24．When should you arrive if you are invited to a friend's house 　 　
A．Almost on time.
B．An hour earlier.
C．As late as possible.
D．As early as possible.
25．When you visit your friend's house, you'd better NOT bring　 　 as a little gift.
A．a CD
B．some flowers
C．some money
D．a box of chocolates
26．What should you do when you see your friend's parents 　 　
A．Keep quiet.
B．Tell them your name first.
C．Tell them why you are there.
D．Call their names directly.
27．What's the best title（标题）for this passage 　 　
A．When to Arrive
B．What to Bring
C．How to Be a Polite Visitor
D．How to Be a Polite Host
Rainforests (热带雨林) cover six percent of the earth's surface (表面). There are rainforests in many parts of the world. About 75 percent of animals live in rainforests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Some of them live on the ground, some live under the ground and others live in the trees, over 30 meters from the ground. It is always hot in the rainforests and the ground is always wet. It is also very dark there.
The rainforests are very important for us. We need them! The trees and other plants in the forest help to make the air clean. They also help to control (控制) the temperature.
Unfortunately, in many places, the rainforests are in danger. For example, many years ago there was a large rainforest in Java, but now there is nothing. The same thing happens now in many other parts of the world. It's time to take action to save the rainforests. We can never imagine a world without rainforests. If rainforests disappeared from the earth, we wouldn't find any trees, flowers or fruits. What's more, we wouldn't get clean air, and we wouldn't find any animals. The worst result would be that we wouldn't find any humans.
28．How many animals live in rainforests
A．About thirty percent.
B．About ninety percent.
C．About three quarters.
D．About seventy-five percent.
29．The trees and other plants in the forest ________.
A．make the air dirty
B．control the temperature
C．pollute the rivers
D．stop the noise pollution
30．What does the underlined word "Unfortunately" mean in Chinese
A．不幸地 B．事实上 C．幸运地 D．坦白说
31．What's the main idea of the last paragraph
A．It is about the weather in rainforests.
B．It is about animals living in the rainforests.
C．It is about people who don't care about animals.
D．It is about the result of not protecting the rainforests.
No one can change the weather. But if we read the signs around us correctly，we can tell how the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints(关节)pain. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. It is probably because of the insects which they are hunting that they fly low. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle(闪烁) clearly at night, then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, then the following day will be warm. If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
32．Many people feel joints pain ________.
A．because of coming rain
B．because they are ill
C．without any reason
D．because of the insects
33．Which is TRUE about weather forecasting
A．Weather forecasting is a way of telling about the weather on the following day or two.
B．Weather forecasting isn't a way of telling what the weather will be like.
C．People can change the weather.
D．Weather forecasting is a sign of coming rain.
34．If the birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly, the weather will ________.
A．be rainy
B．be warm
C．continue to be clear and fine
D．be cold
35．A rainbow during rainy weather is a sign of ________.
A．fine weather B．a rainy day
C．fog D．bad weather
36．We must ________ to make weather forecasting.
A．use our eyes and brains
B．study the weather
C．read the natural signs
D．all of the above
We often talk about the weather. Here are some passages about the weather. Let's read them together.
Passage 1
Is it hot or cold. cool or warm It always goes up and down. When the sun comes up, it warms the air and the temperature will go up. When nights come, the air gets cooler and the temperature will fall.
Passage 2
we can't see it, but we can feel it. It can move the air. When it comes, we can see the branches(树枝)of trees are moving. Do you like flying kites It can carry your kite high in the sky. It can also blow(吹) your hat off.
Passage 3
The rain is raining all around. It falls on field and tree. It rains on the umbrellas here, and on the ships at sea. (This is a famous poem written by a famous British poet.)
Passage 4
We often see it in winter. It looks white and many people like it a lot. When it comes, the ground will put on its white clothes. And children are especially happy then, because they can make snowmen.
37．The underlined phrase “go up” in Passage 1 means “________” in Chinese.
A．走上去 B．上升
C．上去走 D．膨胀
38．When ________, we know it's windy.
A．the ground is white B．a poet writes a poem
C．the branches are moving D．the coat is wet
39．Which one do you think may be the best title for Passage 3
A．Taking your umbrella B．Ships at sea
C．The rain D．Umbrella
40．Passage 4 mainly talks about ________.
A．snow B．rain
C．wind D．fog
41．Why are children happy when it snows
A．Because they can stay at home.
B．Because they can make snowmen.
C．Because they don't need to go to school.
D．Because it's beautiful.
Do you know Eskimos (爱斯基摩人) Let me tell you something about their lives. Eskimos live near the North Pole (北极). There are only two seasons there, winter and summer.
There is no spring or autumn there. The winter nights are long. You can’t see the sun for more than two months, even at midday. The summer days are long. For more than two months, the sun never goes down and there’s no night. Eskimos have warm clothes. They make their clothes from the skins (毛皮) of animals. From skins they make coats, caps and shoes.
Near the North Pole trees can’t grow, for it is too cold there. Eskimos have to make their houses from skins, snow or stone. When they get out in storms and can’t get back home, they make houses of snow. They leave these houses when the storm is over. Life is hard for Eskimos, but they still like to live there.
42．Near the North Pole there are _____ in a year.
A．two seasons — winter and summer
B．two seasons — spring and autumn
C．four seasons
D．two seasons sometimes and four seasons sometimes
43．Eskimos use skins of animals to make _____.
A．clothes B．houses
C．beds D．both A and B
44．There are no _____ near the North Pole.
A．days B．nights C．trees D．animals
45．Eskimos make houses of snow to protect themselves from _____.
A．animals B．storms C．snow D．rain
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A
【分析】文章介绍了到中国不同的地方去旅游的最好时间。
1．根据The best time to visit Beijing Please go to Lhasa winter is the best time to visit Haikou and Sanya.故选D
2．根据The best time to visit Beijing is in September or October, because it’s cool in these months.故选C
3．根据The city lies in the plateau that is usually thousands of metres above the sea level在海平面以上几千米；可知是高原；故选B
4．根据文章介绍了到中国不同的地方去旅游的最好时间。故选A
5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A
【解析】5．细节理解题。根据“Sandstorms usually happen in spring.”可知沙尘暴通常在春天发生，故选B。
6．词句猜测题。根据“When spring comes and the ice melts, the ground becomesloose. Strong winds take the loose sand into the sky.”描述可知是土地变疏松了，故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据“Sandstorms are bad for people’s health. If people breathe in too much sand, they will…”及下文描述可知，本段描写的是沙尘暴对健康、农业和农民生活造成的危害，故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“Here's a piece of advice.”之后的内容，可知种树、停止砍伐和让人们知道沙尘暴的危害可以阻止沙尘暴的发生，而“呆在家”并不能从根本上杜绝沙尘暴，故选C。
9．最佳标题题。这篇短文主要讲述的是中国北方的沙尘暴的形成、危害与防治，故选A。
10．D 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国台湾。
10．细节理解题。根据“The typhoon(台风) season is from June to October.”可知台风季节从六月到十月，大约150天，故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据“There are many trees in the forest there. They are very tall and many of them are really old.”可知阿里山的树又高又年久，故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“Dumplings with shrimp(虾) in them are my favourite.”可知虾馅饺子是作者在台湾最喜欢的食物，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据“Taiwan is really beautiful! The weather is good. It is always warm and humid because the sea is around Taiwan. In the north, it’s cold in winter. But in the south, it’s still warm in winter and you can enjoy the sunshine every day. The typhoon(台风) season is from June to October.”（台湾真漂亮！天气很好。它总是温暖和潮湿，因为大海在台湾周围。在北方，冬天很冷。但是在南方，冬天仍然很暖和，你可以每天享受阳光。台风季节从6月到10月。）结合选项以及地理知识可知台湾的天气和厦门的相似，厦门也是沿海城市，气候有相似之处，故选B。
14．主旨大意题。根据“Taiwan is really beautiful! The weather is good. It is always warm and humid because the sea is around Taiwan. In the north, it’s cold in winter. But in the south, it’s still warm in winter and you can enjoy the sunshine every day. The typhoon(台风) season is from June to October.”以及全文可知本文主要介绍了中国台湾，故选C。
15．A 16．C 17．D 18．D 19．A
【分析】文章主要是讲述在一个下雨天作者在一家餐馆避雨，一个衣衫破旧的小男孩提出要帮助作者擦鞋，作者同意了，但是雨下的很大，越来越多的人进到餐馆，而作者却找不到那个擦鞋的小男孩了，最后雨停了，作者却发现小男孩在餐馆门口睡着了，没有穿衣服，而是用他的衣服包裹着作者的鞋抱在怀里，作者被小男孩感动了。
15．细节理解题。根据文中He held a package wrapped (包裹) by his shirt in his arms. I shook him and woke him up. He jumped up and cleaned his eyes for a while before he recognized me, Then he opened the package hurriedly, gave my shoes back to me, and said, “I am sorry, sir.”可知，A选项是正确的；根据文中I was in a restaurant wearing a pair of new white shoes when a boy of ten came to me.可知B选项错误；根据文中He was in an old large shirt.可知，C选项错误；而D选项文章没有提到，故选A。
16．细节理解题。Sorry, OK. 对不起，好的。No, Thanks. 不用了，谢谢。Yes, please. 是的，请。Of course not. 当然不是。根据文中Several hours passed, I thought the boy would not return my shoes.可知，作者的鞋子是被男孩拿走去清洗， 所以这里应该是答应他清洗，故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据文中More and n more people rushed in and I could not find the boy.可知，是因为越来越多的人冲进来，所以作者找不到那个男孩，故选D。
18．词义猜测题。根据文中He jumped up and cleaned his eyes for a while before he recognized me, Then he opened the package hurriedly, gave my shoes back to me.他跳起来，擦了一会儿眼睛才……我来，然后匆匆打开包裹，把我的鞋子还给了我。可知是男孩从睡梦中惊醒过来之后，睡眼朦胧没有认出作者，所以recognized指的是“认出”，故选D。
19．推理判断题。根据文章的理解及文章最后Then, I thanked him and wrapped him with his unfit shit. On my way home, the boy still stayed in my mind.可知，作者被那个男孩深深地感动了。故选A。
20．D 21．A 22．C 23．B
【分析】文章介绍了作者去年暑假和家人度假的愉快时光。
20．根据It’s also a good opportunity to spend time with my family because I have little time with them during the school year.故选D
21．根据It’s also a good opportunity to spend time with my family because I have little time with them during the school year.它是和我的家人在一起的好机会，因为在这一学年期间我很少有时间和他们在一起；故选A
22．根据I have little time with them during the school year.可知A不对；Staying by the river helped us run away from the hot weather可知B不对；Everybody played, including（包括） my grandparents,可知D不对；故选C
23．根据A. Common. 普通的； B. Meaningful.有意义的； C. Boring. 无聊的； D. Tiring.累人的；根据文章内容可知选B
24．A 25．C 26．B 27．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了我们应该怎样成为一名有礼貌的拜访者，文中给出了三点建议。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“The first thing to remember is that when a friend invites you over, you need to arrive on time.”可知，如果你被邀请去朋友家，你应该准时到达。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“This could be a box of chocolates for you to share, or maybe a CD that you can enjoy together. You can also bring some flowers.”可知，当你去朋友家时，你可以带张CD，一盒巧克力或者是一些花，文中没有提到带“钱”作为礼物。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“When you visit your friend's house…You should tell them who you are”可知，当你见到你朋友的父母时，你应该首先告诉他们你的名字。故选B。
27．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Going to a friend's house is very exciting…So remember to be polite.”及最后一段“Be polite to your friend and your friend's parents, and you will be invited again.”可知，本文主要介绍了我们去朋友家拜访时，应该怎样做才能成为一名有礼貌的拜访者，文章为此给出了三点建议，故“怎样成为一名有礼貌的拜访者”可作为本文标题。故选C。
28．D 29．B 30．A 31．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了热带雨林。热带雨林覆盖了地球表面的6%。大约75%的动物生活在雨林中。雨林对我们很重要。不幸的是，在许多地方，雨林都处于危险之中。是时候采取措施拯救雨林了。我们无法想象一个没有雨林的世界。
28．细节理解题。根据第1段第3句“About 75 percent of animals live in rainforests.”（大约75%的动物生活在雨林中。）可知选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第2段第4句“They also help to control (控制) the temperature.”（它们也有助于控制温度。）可知森林里的树木和其他植物控制着温度。故选B。
30．词意猜测题。第2段介绍了森林的益处，结合下文“in many places, the rainforests are in danger. ”（在许多地方，雨林都处于危险之中。）表述的是对热带雨林不好的事情，可知Unfortunately意思是“不幸地”；故选A。
31．主旨大意题。最后一段首先介绍在许多地方，雨林都处于危险之中。接着介绍“如果雨林从地球上消失，我们就找不到任何树木、花朵或水果。更重要的是，我们得不到干净的空气，也找不到任何动物。最糟糕的结果是我们找不到任何人类。”可知最后一段的主要思想是关于不保护雨林的后果。故选D。
【点睛】做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意和短文内容选出正确的答案。1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，学生准确理解题意后，到文中找出相关的叙述，做出正确的判断；像第1和2小题。2）考查猜词能力。做这种题型时，学生要根据上下文意思准确猜出词义；像第3小题。3）第4小题考查主旨归纳题，要整体理解，然后选出符合题意的选项。例如第三小题，猜测unfortunately的意思，上面两段描述的是热带雨林的功能，比如控制环境，但是在unfortunately之后，话锋一转，描述了现在热带雨林的困境， 由此可见unfortunately是不好的意思，故选不幸地。
32．A 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．D
【分析】本文主要讲述了自古以来到现在人们根据自然现象，动物的反映以及人类对天气的研究来预测天气的方法。
32．细节理解题。根据文中“Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints(关节)pain.”可知人们感觉到关节疼痛，是因为潮湿的天气马上来了，故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据文中This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting.可知这种可预知未来一两天天气的方式叫天气预报，故A正确, B 不正确; 根据文中第一句话“No one can change the weather.”可知人们是无法改变天气的，故C不正确; 天气预报只是预测天气的方式，而不是天气的标志，D不正确; 故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据文中“Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming”以及“If the stars twinkle(闪烁) clearly at night, then fine weather will continue.”可知，如果看到鸟儿高飞或者星星闪烁在夜空，说明第二天还是好天气，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine.”可知如果在雨天看到彩虹的话，天气将会变得很好，故选A。
36．细节理解题。通读文章可知，我们通过我们的眼睛观察鸟儿的飞翔，夜空的星星等预测天气，故A选项正确。根据文中“For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting.”可知几个世纪以来，很多国家都在通过研究天气来预测天气，故B正确，也可以观察一些自然现象比如彩虹，日落等这些自然现象来预测天气，所以C正确，故选D。
【点睛】本文中的几个小题都是细节理解题，对于细节理解题，仍然要在理解文章大意的基础上，找出题干所在的语句，根据上下文语境选出正确的选项。例如第5小题，既要理解文章大意，又要通过几处不同的细节来分别判断A,B,C的正误，最后总结出答案为D。
37．B 38．C 39．C 40．A 41．B
【分析】本文是有关天气的小短文，分别介绍了风、雨、雪等几种天气现象。
37．词义猜测题。根据Passage 1中的“When the sun comes up, it warms the air and the temperature will go up. When nights come, the air gets cooler and the temperature will fall.”可知，天气变暖，气温就会上升，所以go up意思应是“上升”，故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据Passage 2中的“we can't see it, but we can feel it. It can move the air. When it comes, we can see the branches(树枝)of trees are moving.”可知，风来的时候，树枝会舞动，也就是起风了，故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据Passage 3中的“The rain is raining all around. It falls on field and tree. It rains on the umbrellas here, and on the ships at sea.”可知，整个段落都在说下雨的事情，故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据Passage 4中“We often see it in winter. It looks white and many people like it a lot. When it comes, the ground will put on its white clothes. And children are especially happy then, because they can make snowmen.”可知第四段说的是雪，故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据Passage 4中的“And children are especially happy then, because they can make snowmen.”可知，孩子们开心是因为他们可以堆雪人，故选B。
42．A 43．D 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了爱斯基摩人的生活情况。
42．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“There are only two seasons there, winter and summer.”可知，在北极只有两个季节，冬天和夏天，故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“They make their clothes from the skins of animals. From skins(皮毛) they make coats, caps and shoes.和最后一段第二句“The Eskimos have to make their houses from skins, snow or stone.”可知，爱斯基摩人常用皮做衣服或房子，故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Near the North Pole trees can’t grow, for it is too cold there.”可知，在北极附近没有树木，故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“When they got out in storms and can’t get back home, they make houses of snow.”可知，当他们因暴风雨无法回家时，他们用雪做房子，故选B。
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