Unit4 Using language 能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2020广东汕头金山中学高二上期中）
A Window into the Future
Shortly after its opening on the first day of the Spring Festival，The Wandering Earth began to gain momentum（势头）.In a little over a week，it made 2.8 billion yuan in the domestic market alone. The film's popularity and success has come as a surprise to many reviewers especially since there wasn't that much success for Chinese-produced science fiction in the past. Many agree that this film will change embarrassing situation and bring in a new age for Chinese science fiction.
As a genre（类型），Chinese science fiction has lagged behind general fiction in both the film and publishing. Even Liu Cixin's（the author who wrote the short story on which The Wandering Earth is based）The Three-Body Problem-which is currently quite popular--didn't have many readers until it was translated into English and won the Hugo Award（雨
果奖）in2015.Personally，I haven't read the genre written in Chinese but I do notice that there aren’t many separate sections of the bookstore dedicated to science fiction. I cannot speak for everyone，but some people seem to have misunderstandings regarding the genre.
My parents were the type who tried to steer me in the direction of non-fiction and the classics. They believed that science fiction and fantasy were “unrealistic nonsense” and would "rot my brain. Actually，great science fiction writers do their research. More often than not，one can learn a great deal about science and its possible development by reading science fiction，Sure, some of the concepts may be confusing or technical in nature，but that is also part of the appeal. Things like the Internet, electric cars and tablet computers were first theorized（建立理论）in science fiction before they were invented. The author simply uses a combination of science and their imagination to create worlds different from the Earth of today，from which we can get bits and pieces that can be turned into a reality.
The world is changing. There may very well be a time when earth is no longer able to sustain the entire population. We could be living on Mars or in giant spaceships；perhaps we will be forced to move Earth to a new solar system just like The Wandering Earth.
Each of these scenarios（设想）has appeared in science fiction multiple times. If we are to be prepared for what is to come we can look into modern science fiction for a window into the future.
1. According to the article which of the following statements about The Wandering Earth is NOT true
A. Critics did not expect too much of the film before its release.
B. The film may throw light on Chinese science fiction.
C. The film was adapted from a short story in Liu Cixin's The Three-Body Problem.
D. In the future we might be faced with crises similar to the one described in the movie.
2. We can learn from the article that the author __________.
A. was not allowed to read science fiction by his parents
B. has never read Chinese science fiction
C. has little interest in science fiction
D. has not been prepared for the future development of science and technology
3. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about _______.
A. people’s misunderstandings about science fiction
B. real technologies inspired by science fiction
C. the practical significance of science fiction
D. imaginary worlds created by science fiction writers
Ⅱ. 语法填空
（2018河北武邑中学高二下学期期末）
A humanoid named Sophia has made history 1 becoming the first robot in the world with citizenship. The journalist，Andrew Ross Sorkin made the 2 （announce）at the end of an interview with Sophia.
“Sophia，we've just learned that you have been awarded 3 is going to be the first Saudi citizenship for a Robot,” he said to applause from the audience.
Sophia responded, without missing a beat, “I want to thank very much the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.”
“I am very proud and honored 4 （award）citizenship and I simply appreciate being recognized as a robot with citizenship, which is historical,” said he robot The pair discussed the future of artificial intelligence, 5 Sophia said it wanted to use to help humans live a better life.
Sorkin expressed concerns previously 6 (raise) by Elon Musk that artificial intelligence could be dangerous if it 7 (go) evil and turned on humanity. But Sophia insisted it wanted to use artificial intelligence only to “help humans live a better life.
Sophia tried to remove Sorkin's fears of 8 “bad future”, insisting that AI is designed around man values like 9 （wise） kindness compassion.
It accused him of "reading too much Elon Musk", and said, "Don't worry. If you' re nice to me, I 10 (be) nice to you. Treat me as a smart input-output system.”
1._______2._______3.________4._________5.________
6._______7._______8.________9._________10._______
Ⅲ.概要写作
（2020江苏启东中学高二上期末）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Without water，your body would stop working properly. Water makes up more than half of your body weight，and a person can't survive for more than a few days without it. Why Your body has lots of important jobs and it needs water to do many of them For instance，your blood，which contains a lot of water, carries oxygen to all the cells of your body. Without oxygen，those tiny cells would die and your body would stop working.
Most people think they can get water only from drinking water. However，you can get enough liquid through the drinks you consume every day. These include water，juice，coffee，soda，iced tea，and other drinks. Your body doesn’t get water only from drinking water. Any liquid you drink contains water.
Lots of foods contain water，too. Fruit contains quite a bit of water，which you could probably tell if you've ever eaten a peach or a plum and felt the juice dripping down your chin！Vegetables，also，contain a lot of water.
How much water should people drink？Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day，or about two liters. Why？Because that is what they have been told all their life, but a new report offers some different advice. Experts say people should obey their bodies；they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking. The report says most people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide.
You lose water when you breathe sweat and so on. So you need to supplement（补充）enough liquid to stay healthy. If you don't get enough water，you could become dehydrated（脱水）.If you get very dehydrated，your body will no longer have enough liquid to circulate. This is very dangerous Dehydration also can keep you from being as fast and sharp as you'd like to be. Serious dehydration can even make you sick.
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参考答案：
Ⅰ.阅读理解
I.◎语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以《流浪地球》
的大获成功为例并结合自己读科幻小说的切身经历告诉
我们，科幻小说也有一定的现实意义，我们可以从中寻找
一扇通向未来的窗口。
l. C细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Even Liu Cixin's（the author who wrote the short story on which The Wandering Earth is based）The Three-Body Problem-which is currently quite popular--didn't have many readers until it was translated into English and won the Hugo Award（雨果奖）in2015可知，《流浪地球》改编自刘慈欣的一部短篇小说，科幻小说《三体》是刘慈欣写的，而不是说《流浪地球》这部电影改编自刘慈欣的短篇小说《三体》，故选C项。
2. A推理判断题。根据第三段中的 My parents were the type who tried to steer me in the direction of non-fiction and the classics. They believed that science fiction and fantasy were“unrealistic nonsense” and would “rot my brain”.可知，我的父母是那种试图引导“我”走向纪实文学和经典著作的人，他们认为科幻小说和幻想是不切实际的胡言乱语，会腐蚀我的大脑，由此可知，作者的父母不允许他读科幻小说，故A项正确。
3.C主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是第三、四句Actually，great science fiction writers do their research. More often than not，one can learn a great deal about science and its possible development by reading science fiction.可知，事实上，伟大的科幻小说作家都在做研究，通常人们可以通过阅读科幻小说学到很多关于科学及其可能发展的知识，也就是说科幻小说对人们的现实生活是有影响的，由此可知，本段主要介绍的是科幻小说的现实意义，故C项正确。
Ⅱ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，沙特阿拉伯已成为首个授予机器人公民权利的国家，仿真机器人索菲亚为第一个被授予公民身份的机器人。
1.by考查介词。句意：一个名叫索菲亚的仿真机器人创造了历史，成为全球首个被赋予公民身份的机器人。by doing sth.表示方式或途径，意为“通过做某事”。
2. announcement考查名词。由空前的the可知此处应用名词，作made的宾语，表示“公告”，用名词 announcement。
3. what考查名词性从句。句意：索菲亚，我们刚刚得知你成为沙特的首个被授予公民身份的机器人。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，设空处在从句中表示“……的东西”，故用what引导宾语从句。
4. to be awarded考查动词不定式。句意：我为获得公民身份而深感自豪与荣幸……。be+ proud/honored+ to do sth.是固定用法。此处主语I与award之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动语态 to be awarded。
5. which考查定语从句。句意：他与机器人谈论了人工智能的未来。索菲亚说，它想使用人工智能帮助人类生活得更好。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指物，且在从句中作use的宾语，故用 which引导定语从句。
6. raised考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰 concerns，concerns与 raise为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
7.went考查虚拟语气。句意：…人工智能如果变得邪恶，突然攻击人类，它会是危险的。此句使用了虚拟语气。
8. a考查冠词。句意：索菲亚试图打消索尔金对一个“糟糕的未来”的担忧…由语境可知此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。
9. wisdom考查名词。此处用名词 wisdom与 kindness，compassion形成并列结构，作like的宾语。
10.will be考查动词的时态。句意：……不必担心，如果你对我好，我就会对你好。if引导的条件状语从句是一般现在寸，故主句用一般将来时。
Ⅲ.概要写作
One possible version：
Water, making your body function well, is a necessity for human beings. (要点1) You can get enough water from not only drinking water but also other sources, such as drinks, fruits and vegetables.（要点2）Lots of people hold the view that people should drink eight glasses of water a day. According to experts however，people should drink as much water as they feel like drinking.（要点3）People have to drink enough water and a lack of water can cause damage to the body.（要点4）
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