洛阳市孟津区2022-2023学年高三下学期第一次月考英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A new study focuses on K2-l8b, an exoplanet(系外行星) discovered in 2018, which orbits a red dwarf star close enough to receive about the same amount of radiation from its star as Earth does from our sun．
Recently, scientists have discovered gas giants that have water in their atmospheres, but this is the least giant planet ever to have water detected in its atmosphere． "The water detection was quite clear to us relatively early on, "lead author Bjorn Benneke, a professor at the Institute for Research on Exoplanets at the Universite de Montreal, told Space．com in an interview．
"Studies have suggested that planets with hydrogen-rich atmospheres could host certain forms of life．" Benneke said． However, "K2-18b's large atmosphere is extremely thick and creates high-pressure conditions, which likely prevents life as we know it from existing on the planet's surface．" a news release reads． While these researchers found evidence for liquid water clouds on K2-18b, because of its lack of surface, rain wouldn't pool on the planet． Without a real surface, so to speak, landing on the planet would also be nearly impossible to land on, especially because the gas is so thick and has such an incredibly high pressure that any Earth-created spacecraft sent there would be destroyed．
Benneke suggests that, possibly, this planet formed by rock absorbing large amounts of gas, "like a vacuum cleaner, "he said． The gas absorbed would have more than doubled the planet and increased its volume eightfold．
To come to these conclusions, the research team analyzed data from Hubble Space Telescope observations that they made between 2019 and 2020 of the K2-18b planet passing in front of its star eight times． This type of research, Benneke said, is leading toward a final goal of "being able to study real, true earth-like planets"． "We are not quite there yet, "he said，"but this is really exciting．"
1．Why is it impossible to land on the K2-18b
A．It has thin gas． B．It doesn't have a real surface．
C．It has too much water． D．It is too far from the earth．
2．How does K2-18b expand according to Benneke
A．By releasing gas itself． B．By receiving radiation from the sun．
C．By taking in much gas by rocks． D．By getting away from the red dwarf star．
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Scientists are making progress in studying real earth-like planets．
B．It is impossible for humans to land on other earth-like planets．
C．Scientists have succeeded in exploring K2-18b completely．
D．The K2-18b planet has passed before its star eight times between 2019 and 2020．
B
The first model of Apple's iPhone was launched in June 2007． Since then, many different smartphones have been introduced． The devices now influence our daily lives in many ways． One thing that has changed is that many people now use their phones to easily take pictures without the need for a camera． Not surprisingly, this change has caused major business problems for camera manufacturers．
Of course, the camera built into the first iPhone 15 years ago did not include a high-quality camera able to compete with separate camera models． But over the years, smartphone makers have invested heavily in research and development to change that． Today, many smartphones have high-quality cameras designed to produce better pictures． And most phone devices also offer powerful tools to improve the quality of the pictures we take．
Japan's Camera & Tmaging Products Association (CIPA) said the digital camera market continually expanded starting in 1999． It experienced its first decrease in 2009—and continued to fall thereafter． The biggest change appeared from 2010 to 2020, when worldwide camera shipments fell about 93 percent, CIPA reported． The decreases were mainly caused by drops in shipments of digital cameras that have built-in lenses．
However, camera makers have had more success selling digital cameras with interchangeable lenses． This is because these cameras are generally targeted at professional photographers who demand higher quality． Such cameras can produce "high image quality that distinguishes them from smartphones," CIPA said．
But this does not mean that professional photographers never use smartphones to capture pictures． Brynn Anderson is based with the AP in Atlanta, Georgia． She said: "Sometimes being a photographer with a larger camera can be intimidating to the person being photographed． Using a phone makes it easier for me to get comfortable moments that might not happen otherwise．" Rodrigo Abd, an AP photographer in Buenos Aires, Argentina says using the iPhone makes it easier for him "to always be attentive" to everyday events when not covering a news story． Oded Balilty is based in Tel Aviv, Israel． "It is definitely an alternative tool," he said of the iPhone． But he added: "It's the photographer not the device, that determines the quality of a photo．"
4．What is the potential cause of the first decrease of digital cameras in 2009
A． Less money was invested to improve digital cameras．
B． Cameras had been built into smartphones and improved．
C． Fewer digital cameras with built-in lenses were produced
D． The digital camera market stopped promoting new products．
5．Why do digital cameras with interchangeable lenses enjoy good sales．
A． They are more affordable．
B． They have superb shooting quality．
C． They offer the power to beautify photos．
D． They are specially designed for professionals．
6．What does the underlined word "intimidating " in the last paragraph probably mean
A． Amusing． B． Demanding． C． Rewarding． D． Scaring．
7．What does Oded Balilty mean
A． The level of the photographer depends on the iPhone．
B． The iPhone completely replaces his professional tool．
C． The professional skills of the photographer is crucial．
D． The iPhone enables him to work at any time and place．
C
The sun is setting, brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves． You reach for your phone for this perfect moment． But before you do, here's a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think．
Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain's ability to keep memories, says Elizabeth Loftus, a psychology professor at the University of California, Irvine． So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory．
Photography "outsources" memories． It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we're so distracted(分散注意力的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether．
The first explanation is the loss of memory． People know that their camera is recording that moment, so they don't try to remember． Similarly, if you write down someone's phone number, you're less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you there's just no need． That's all well and good—until that piece of paper goes missing．
The other is distraction． We're distracted by the process of taking a photo—how we hold our phone, composing the photo, such as smiling faces, the background to our liking and clear image, all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize．
However, taking photos can benefit memory—when done mindfully． While taking a photo may be distracting, the act of preparation by focusing on visual details around has some upsides． When people take the time to zoom in(拉近镜头) on specific things, memories become strengthened．
Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately with the photos． Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences． Thus, photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened．
Memories die away without a visual record backing them up． Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further．
8．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A． To introduce the topic．
B． To call on readers not to take photos．
C． To show the interest in taking photos．
D． To make us think of similar experience．
9．Why does photography "outsource" memories
A． Photos are more detailed than memories．
B． Taking photos is helpful for us to memorize．
C． People depend more on photos to remember than their brains．
D． Many sources influence people's memories during photo-taking．
10．What may likely be discussed next
A． Situations when taking photos is better．
B． How to stay focused while taking photos．
C． When distraction is most likely to happen．
D． How to use photo-taking to memorize better．
11．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A． Photography Does Help to Memories
B． Too Many Photos Taken Results in Poor Memories
C． Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly
D． The Fewer Photos We Take, the Better We Will Remember
D
Living robots can reproduce on their own in a dish． This is not a science-fiction movie, but the result of a new research． The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the US on Nov 29．
Xenobots, a type of tiny robot, were first created in 2020, using cells taken from the embryo of an African frog species． Under the right lab conditions, the cells formed small structures that could self-assemble, move in groups and react to their environment． Now, the researchers have found that xenobots can also self-replicate(自我复制), according to the journal of New Scientist．
But are they living organisms or robots They are organisms because they are made of stem cells and can reproduce． And they are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor, co-author Sam Kriegman told The Washington Post．
"People have thought for quite a long time that we've worked out all the ways that life can reproduce or replicate． But this is something that's never been observed before," co-author Douglas Blackiston, a senior scientist at Tufts University in the US, told Science Daily website．
The ability to replicate adds a new layer of potential utility to the robots． Kriegman told The Washington Post that while xenobots are not yet commercially useful, they have the potential to provide a number of services, from cleaning up microplastics in the ocean to safely delivering drugs to a specific spot in a person's body．
However, the creation of xenobots comes with concerns． Some think more advanced future xenobots, especially ones that live longer and reproduce, could out-compete other species, according to The Conversation, an Australia news media．
The researchers think these risks are manageable． "If you change the amount of sodium in that water to be too high or too low, they'll die," Kriegman told The Washington Post． "If there's a piece of copper in the dish, they'll all die． It's an extremely controllable and stoppable and safe system．"
12．What do we know about xenobots according to the passage
A．They should be classified into frog species．
B．They can reproduce and replicate themselves．
C．They can adapt to the environment anywhere．
D．They were created based on science fiction movies．
13．How do scientists feel the way that xenobots reproduce
A．Unexpected． B．Predictable． C．Doubted． D．Unaccepted．
14．What effects do xenonots have on humans
A．They are expected to replace other species．
B．They have been used widely commercially．
C．They will serve human beings more extensively．
D．They will further explore their own potential ability．
15．What's Kriegman's attitude towards the xenobots' future
A．Worried． B．Cautious． C．Neutral． D．Optimistic．
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Over the past ten months of pandemic life, cooking has become a shelter for me． New York Times food editor Sam Sifton referred to Korean fried rice and said it "improves moods, atmospheres and weeks alike"． 16_________ I'd argue it improves physical health, finances and skills, and reduces stress． Really, cooking is a rewarding thing you should do these days．
Cooking food for yourself is beneficial to your physical health． When you cook your own food, you control exactly what goes into your body． It's the best possible way to "dial in" or clean up your diet． 17_________ A recent survey has found that twice as many Americans are cooking at home than a year ago, and that nearly a quarter are doing so in an effort to eat healthier．
18_________ It's considerably cheaper than ordering from restaurants, or buying prepared food from supermarkets． It's found that ordering takeout is five times more expensive． The difference is more obvious if you're cooking for a family．
In terms of improving cooking skill, you can't help but improve if you do it over and over again． With so many other outlets for hobbies shut down right now, why not view your kitchen as a mini universe to be explored You've got the tools, not to mention the human requirement to eat． I can't think of another hobby where your body physically requires you to practice several times daily． 19_________
How does cooking relieve stress, you might be wondering 20_________ If you're organized enough to cook meals in advance, you end the weeknight dilemma of "what's for dinner "． Furthermore, as you get better at cooking, you will spare the need to order food．
A． Cooking helps kids develop many hobbies．
B． Actually, cooking can bring more benefits．
C． The act itself can be calming to some people．
D． From a financial aspect, cooking cannot be beaten．
E． You can save money as well as improve your mental health．
F． If improving health is your main reason for cooking, you're not alone．
G． You're likely to improve your cooking skills and they will stick with you for life．
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If a person only has an arm, how could he or she play basketball How could he or she even dribble(运球) like a 21 player Zhang Jiacheng, a Chinese boy, has made it and 22 everyone who knows his story from the Internet．
After a short 23 of the teenage basketball player playing a competition was recently 24 online． Zhang soon became an Internet focus and was highly 25 for his strong will and extraordinary skills． In the video, Zhang showed his dribbling abilities and 26 skills in front of a defence made up of several professional basketball players, and received a loud 27 from the audience watching on 28 ． “It is the power of basketball, so impressive and 29 !” A netizen who saw this video 30 on Sina Weibo．
Born in Guangdong, China, Zhang 31 his right arm in an accident when he was only five, which was very 32 for a little kid． But Zhang hasn’t let that misfortune discourage him from pursuing his 33 , and he has never given in to his fate as his love and passion for basketball 34 stronger． Basketball is by no means just a 35 for this one-armed teenager． 36 , he dreams of being a professional athlete!
“Your heart is always the 37 part of your body,” said Yi Jianlian, after watching the teenager’s short video．
“Your right hand has been 38 in a cruel way, but you have the best left hand． You are the real 39 in this game,” former CBA player Wang Jing 40 highly of Zhang’s performance．
21．A．funny B．professional C．serious D．rigid
22．A．attracted B．annoyed C．frightened D．impressed
23．A．talk B．report C．video D．note
24．A．posted B．returned C．printed D．sold
25．A．persuaded B．praised C．criticized D．convinced
26．A．shooting B．learning C．climbing D．listening
27．A．argument B．laugh C．voice D．cheer
28．A．radio B．web C．site D．TV
29．A．inspirational B．helpful C．illegal D．ridiculous
30．A．advertised B．wrote C．answered D．explained
31．A．pulled B．seized C．lost D．waved
32．A．unwise B．unintelligent C．uncertain D．unfortunate
33．A．policy B．dream C．truth D．freedom
34．A．grow B．develop C．feel D．expect
35．A．lest B．custom C．hobby D．job
36．A．Nearly B．Strangely C．Constantly D．Actually
37．A．strongest B．softest C．smartest D．warmest
38．A．taken up B．taken in C．taken away D．taken down
39．A．boy B．soldier C．artist D．star
40．A．named B．spoke C．concluded D．prayed
第二节（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese space company has designed a machine 41______ can catch waste materials left behind by spaceships in outer space with a big net．
The 30-kilogram machine, called NEO-01，42______ (make) by Origin Space last year． The company says the machine will lead the way for future technologies able to develop asteroids(小行星)．
Usually, space cleanup technology lets magnets(磁铁) gather up space waste． But a report on the Origin Space website says NE0-01 will use a net 43______ (catch) waste and then burn it．
44______ (thousand) of spaceships have been sent up worldwide． As time goes on, many end up as waste and put other operating spaceships 45______ risk．
Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space． He said the company plans to send up many space telescopes and more spaceships to begin the 46______ (develop )of asteroids by 2045．
47______ is reported by Xinhua News that China is increasing efforts to land a spaceship on a near-Earth asteroid to collect materials． China is also 48______ (clear ) speeding up a plan to send up spaceships to stop near-Earth asteroids from 49______ (harm) the Earth．
The country aims to follow other space powers such as Russia in becoming 50______ main space power by 2030．
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1． 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2． 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It’s time to say goodbye． I can’t help recalling those beautiful days we spent them together． You are the very person who gives me the hand when I need help． You are the more considerate person who knows exactly that I need． Do you still remember that night two years ago When I suddenly fall ill, it was you who carried me on your back to the hospital． You took well care of me when I was in hospital． Later, you managed help me with my lessons． With your help, I would have failing in the exams． I still have hundreds of story to share with you． I still have thousands of blessing for you． May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last forever!
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
推行垃圾分类，提倡低碳生活是全民活动，你班英语课堂将举行主题为"Let's Go Green Now"的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1． 倡导绿色生活的原因；
2． 实践途径(至少两点)。
注意：
1． 词数80左右(首尾已给出，不计入词数)；
2． 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Boys and girls,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
答案：1-3 BCA
解析：1．细节理解题： 根据第三段"Without a real surface, so to speak, landing on the planet would also be nearly impossible to land on,(可以说，没有一个真正的表面，在行星上着陆几乎是不可能的)"可知，在K2-18b行星上着陆是不可能的，因为它没有真正的表面。故选B。
2．推理判断题： 根据倒数第二段"The gas absorbed would have more than doubled the planet and increased its volume eightfold．(吸收的这种气体将使地球增加一倍以上，使其体积增加8倍)"可知，K2-18b是通过岩石吸入大量气体扩张的。故选C。
3．细节理解题。 根据最后一段"This type of research, Benneke said, is leading toward a final goal of 'being able to study real, true earth-like planets．' We are not quite there yet, he said, but this is really exciting．(这种类型的研究正朝着'能够研究真正的类地球行星'的最终目标前进。我们还没有到达那里，但这真的很令人兴奋)"可知，科学家在研究类地球行星方面取得了进展。故选A。
4．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中"But over the years, smartphone makers have invested heavily in research and development to change that． Today, many smartphones have high-quality cameras designed to produce better pictures． And most phone devices also offer powerful tools to improve the quality of the pictures we take．(但多年来，智能手机制造商在研发方面投入了大量资金，以改变这种状况。如今，许多智能手机都有高质量的摄像头，旨在拍摄更好的照片。大多数手机设备也提供强大的工具来提高我们拍摄的照片的质量)"可推知，2009年数码相机销量首次下降的潜在原因是智能手机内置了摄像头，并进行了改进。故选B。
5．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"However, camera makers have had more success selling digital cameras with interchangeable lenses． This is because these cameras are generally targeted at professional photographers who demand higher quality． Such cameras can produce 'high image quality that distinguishes them from smartphones,' CIPA said．(然而，相机制造商在销售可更换镜头的数码相机方面取得了更大的成功。这是因为这些相机一般都是针对对画质要求较高的专业摄影师。CIPA表示，这类相机可以产生"与智能手机不同的高画质")"可知，可更换镜头的数码相机销量好是因为它们有高超的拍摄质量。故选B。
6．答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词后文"Using a phone makes it easier for me to get comfortable moments that might not happen otherwise．(使用手机让我更容易获得舒服的时刻，否则这些时刻可能不会发生)"可知，使用手机更舒服，说明使用相机有时会让被拍照的人害怕，故画线词意思是"令人害怕的"。故选D。
7．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Oded Balilty is based in Tel Aviv, Israel． 'It is definitely an alternative tool,' he said of the iPhone． But he added: 'It's the photographer not the device, that determines the quality of a photo．'(Oded Balilty在以色列特拉维夫工作。"它绝对是一种替代工具，"他在谈到iPhone时说。但他补充说："决定照片质量的是摄影师，而不是设备。")"可推知，Oded Balilty意思是摄影师的专业技术很关键。故选C。
8．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"The sun is setting, brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves． You reach for your phone for this perfect moment． But before you do, here's a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think．(太阳落山了，孩子们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来。为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在你这么做之前，这里有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式)"可知，本段描写了海边游玩的美好画面，人们会习惯性地拿出手机拍照留念，但拍照并不是人们所以为的保存记忆的完美方式，从而引出文章的主题。故选A。
9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Photography 'outsources' memories． It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we're so distracted(分散注意力的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether．(摄影"外包"的记忆。它在两方面起作用：我们要么在拍照时摆脱了记住时刻的责任，要么在拍照过程中分心，以至于完全错过了那个时刻)"推知，拍照"外包"了回忆是因为人们太过于依赖相机而不是自己的大脑。故选C。
10．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句"Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further．(因此，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，如果是有目的的，这是值得进一步探索的)"可推知，接下来文章可能会探讨如何照相以便能更好地记忆。故选D。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段"The sun is setting, brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves． You reach for your phone for this perfect moment． But before you do, here's a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think．(太阳落山了，孩子们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来。为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机。但在你这么做之前，这里有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式)"结合文章主要说明了科学表明拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式，拍太多的照片实际上会损害大脑保存记忆的能力。我们得到了照片，但失去了记忆。文章解释了背后的原因。鼓励人们应有目的有计划地拍照。由此可推知，C项"记住当下，合理拍照"概括了文章大意，是本文的最佳标题。故选C。
答案：12．B;13．A; 14．C;15．D
解析：12．细节理解题。根据第二段"Under the right lab conditions, the cells formed small structures that could self-assemble, move in groups and react to their environment． Now, the researchers have found that xenobots can also self- replicate, according to the journal of New Scientist" (在合适的实验室条件下,细胞形成了能够自我组装、成组移动并对环境做出反应的小结构。据《新科学家杂志》报道,现在,研究人员发现,异种机器人也可以自我复制)可知,异种机器人可以繁殖和自我复制。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段"People have thought for quite a long time that we've worked out all the ways that life can reproduce or replicate． But this is something that's never been observed before" (很长-段时间以来,人们一直认为我们已经找到了繁殖生命或复制生命的所有方式。但这是以前从未注意到的)可知,科学家们认为异种机器人的繁殖方式是出乎意料的。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段"Kriegman told The Washington Post that while xenobots are not yet commercially useful, they have the potential to provide a number of services, from cleaning up microplastics in the ocean to safely delivering drugs to a specific spot in a person's body" (克里格曼告诉《华盛顿邮报》,虽然异种机器人还没有商业用途,但它们有潜力提供许多服务,从清理海洋中的微塑料到将药物安全运送到人体的特定部位)可知,异种机器人能够为人类提供更广泛的服务。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第五段"Kriegman told The Washington Post that while xenobots are not yet commercially useful, they have the potential to provide a number of services, from cleaning up microplastics in the ocean to safely delivering drugs to a specific spot in a person's body．" (克里格曼告诉《华盛顿邮报》,虽然异种机器人还没有商业用途, 但它们有潜力提供许多服务,从清理海洋中的微塑料到将药物安全运送到人体的特定部位)以及最后一段"The researchers think these risks are manageable．" (研究人员认为这些风险是可控的)可知,克里格曼对异种机器人的未来持乐观态度。故选D。
16-20答案：BFDGC
解析：16根据空前的…said it "improves moods, atmospheres and weeks alike"(说它"能改善情绪、气氛和周数")以及空后的I'd argue it improves physical health, finances and skills, and reduces stress(我认为它可以改善身体健康、财政和技能，减轻压力)可知，B选项Actually, cooking can bring more benefits(其实，烹饪能带来更多的好处)符合语境。故选B。
17根据空后的A recent survey has found that twice as many Americans are cooking at home than a year ago, and that nearly a quarter are doing so in an effort to eat healthier(最近的一项调查发现，美国人在家做饭的人数是一年前的两倍，近四分之一的人这样做是为了吃得更健康)可知，F选项If improving health is your main reason for cooking, you're not alone(如果改善健康是你做饭的主要原因，你并不孤单)符合语境。故选F。
18根据空后的内容It's considerably cheaper than ordering from restaurants, or buying prepared food from supermarkets． It's found that ordering takeout is five times more expensive(这比在餐馆点餐或在超市买准备好的食物便宜得多。人们发现点外卖要贵五倍)可知，D选项From a financial aspect, cooking cannot be beaten(从经济方面来考虑，烹饪也是有优势的)符合。故选D。
19根据本题段落首句In terms of improving cooking skills, you can't help but improve if you do it over and over again(在提高烹饪技巧方面，如果反复练习，你会情不自禁地提高)可知，G选项You're likely to improve your cooking skills and they will stick with you for life(你很可能会提升烹饪技能,而且这种技能可以伴随你一生)与其相呼应。故选G。
20根据空前的How does cooking relieve stress, you might be wondering (你可能会想，烹饪是如何缓解压力的 )可知，C选项The act itself can be calming to some people(烹饪本身对某些人来说就是能令人平静的)符合语境。故选C。
答案：21．B; 22．D; 23．C; 24．A; 25．B; 26．A; 27．D; 28．C; 29．A; 30．B; 31．C; 32．D; 33．B; 34．A; 35．C; 36．D; 37．A; 38．C; 39．D; 40．B
解析：21．考查形容词及语境理解。A． funny好玩的; B． professional专业的; C． serious认真的; D． rigid固执的。根据前文"If a person only has an arm, how could he or she play basketball ”可知,一只胳膊的人怎么能像职业球员那样运球呢 故选B。
22．考查动词及语境理解。A． attracted吸引; B． annoyed使恼怒; C． frightened害怕; D． impressed使．．．有印象。 根据后文"everyone who knows his story from the Internet．”可知,张家城的故事给人留下了深刻的印象。故选D。
23．考查名词及语境理解。A． talk交谈,B． report报告; C． video视频; D． note笔记。根据后文"A netizen who saw this video _ (10)_ on Sina Weibo． ”可知,张家城比赛的短视频最近被发布在网上。故选C。
24．考查动词及语境理解。A． posted张贴;发布; B． returned返回; C． printed打印; D． sold卖。根据后文online可知,短视频被发布在网上。故选A。
25．考查动词及语境理解。A． persuaded劝服; B． praised赞扬; C． criticized指责; D． convinced信服。根据后文"for his strong will and extraordinary skills． ”可知,张家城因其坚强的意志和非凡的技能而受到高度赞扬。故选B。
26．考查动词及语境理解。A． shooting投篮; B． learning学习; C． climbing爬; D． listening听。根据前文'Zhang showed his dribbling abilities" 可知,这里指张家城的运球能力和投篮技巧。故选A ．
27．考查名词及语境理解。A． argument争论; B． laugh大笑; C． voice声音; D． cheer欢呼。根据后文"from the audience watching on__ (28)_ ”可知, 观众为张家城精彩表现欢呼雀跃。故选D。
28．考查名词及语境理解。A． radio收音机; B． web网; C． site现场; D． TV电视。on site在现场的。根据前文"and received a loud_ (27)__ from the audience watching ”可知,这里指现场的观众为张家城精彩表现欢呼雀跃。故选C。
29．考查形容词及语境理解。A．． inspirational鼓舞人心的; B． helpful有帮助的; C． illegal非法的; D． ridiculous可笑的。根据前文"It is the power of basketball, so impressive”可知, 张家城精彩表现令人印象深刻和鼓舞人心。故选A。
30．考查动词及语境理解。A． advertised广告; B． wrote写; C． answered回答, D． explained解释。根据前文"It is the power of basketball, so impressive and _ (29) _ !”可知, 网友在新浪微博上写的评论。故选B。
31．考查动词及语境理解。A． pulled拉; B． seized抓住; C． lost失去; D． waved挥舞。根据首句"If a person only has an arm, how could he or she play basketball ”可知,张家城在事故中失去右臂。故选C。
32．考查形容词及语境理解。A． unwise不明智的; B． unintelligent无知的; C． uncertain不确定的; D． unfortunate不幸的。根据前文Zhang _ (31) _ his right arm in an accident when he was only five, ”可知,张家城在事故中失去右臂,当然是不幸的。故选D。
33．考查名词及语境理解。A policy政策; B． dream梦想; C． truth事实; D． freedom自由。根据后文”and he has never given in to his fate as his love and passion for basketball_ (14)stronger．”可知,张家城继续追寻自己的梦想。故选B。
34．考查动词及语境理解。A． grow成长;渐渐变得; B． develop发展; C． feel感觉; D． expect期望。根据前文"But Zhang hasn't let that misfortune discourage him from pursuing his_ (33)_ , ”可知,张家城对篮球的热爱和热情渐渐变得越来越强烈。故选A。
35．考查名词及语境理解。A． lest担心; B． custom习惯; C． hobby爱好; D． job工作。根据后文”__ (36)___, he dreams of being a professional athlete!”可知, 这个独臂少年对篮球不仅仅是爱好。故选C。
36．考查副词及语境理解。A． Nearly几乎; B． Strangely奇怪地; C． Constantly不断地; D． Actually事实上。根据后文"he dreams of being a professional athlete!”可知, 这个独臂少年事实上想成为-名职业运动员。故选D。
37．考查形容词最高级及语境理解。A strongest最强壮的; B． softest最柔软的; C． smartest最聪明的; D． warmest最温暖的。根据前文"Your heart ”和常识可知,内心永远是一个人身体最强壮的部分。故选A。
38．考查动词短语及语境理解。A． taken up从事; B． taken in接受; C． taken away夺取; D． taken down写下。根据前文"Zhang_ (31)_ his right arm in an accident when he was only five, ”可知,张家城的右手被残忍地夺走了。故选C。
39．考查名词及语境理解。A． boy男孩; B． soldier战士; C． artist艺术家; D．star明星。根据后文in this game 可知,张家城是比赛场。上真正的明星。故选D。
40．考查动词及语境理解。A． named命名; B． spoke讲; C． concluded得出结论; D． prayed保佑。speak highly of对．．．．高度评价。根据前文"Your right hand has been_ (18)_ in a cruel way, but you have the best left hand． You are the real_ (39)_ in this game, ”可知,前CBA球员王晶高度评价了张家城的表现。故选B。
41-50答案： that/which was made to catch Thousands at development It clearly harming a
解析：41考查定语从句。句意:一家中国航天公司设计了一种机器，可以用大网捕捉太空船在外太空留下的废料。此处引导定语从句，先行词为machine,在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
42考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:这台30公斤重的机器名为NEO-01,去年由Origin Space制造。时间状语为last year,句子用一般过去时，主语为The 30-kilogram machine,谓语动词用三单形式，且与make之间是被动关系，故填was made。
43考查动词不定式。句意:但起源空间网站．上的一份报告称，NEO-01将使用网捕捉垃圾，然后将其焚烧。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to catch。
44考查数词。句意:数以千计的宇宙飞船被发射到世界各地。thousands of表示"数以千计的"，且首字母大写，故填Thousands。
45考查介词。句意:随着时间的推移，许多太空船最终成为废物，并使其他正在运行的太空船面临风险。at risk表示"有风险"符合句意，故填at。
46考查不可数名词。句意:他说，该公司计划发射许多太空望远镜和更多的宇宙飞船，以便在2045年开始开发小行星。结合句意和the可知，此处用名词形式，表示"开发"，为不可数名词，故填development。
47考查形式主语。句意:据新华社报道，中国正在加紧努力，将一艘宇宙飞船降落在近地小行星．上收集材料。此处用it作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语，且首字母大写，故填It。
48考查副词。句意:中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害。此处用副词作状语修饰动词speeding,故填clearly。
49考查动名词。句意:中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害。此处用动名词作介词from的宾语,故填harming。
50考查冠词。句意:该国的目标是在2030年之前跟随俄罗斯等其他太空大国成为主要太空大国。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，main为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
第三部分 写作
第一节 答案：
It’s time to say goodbye． I can’t help recalling those beautiful days we spent together． You are the very person who gives me hand when I need help． You are the considerate person who knows exactly that I need． Do you still remember night two years ago When I suddenly ill, it was you who carried me on your back to the hospital． You took care of me when I was in hospital． Later, you managed help me with my lessons． your help, I would have in the exams． I still have hundreds of to share with you． I still have thousands of blessing for you． May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last forever!
解析：1．考查定语从句。句意:我不禁想起我们一起度过的那些美好的日子。 先行词为days,在定语从句中作宾语,所以用that或which引导，可省略，所以them多余，故去掉them。
2．考查冠词。句意:当我需要帮助的时候，你就是那个帮助我的人。give sb． a
hand"帮助某人"，为固定搭配，故the改为a。
3．考查形容词最高级。句意:你是最体贴的人，知道我到底需要什么。前面有the,表示"最体贴的"，所以用most构成形容词最高级，故more改为most。
4．考查宾语从句。句意:你是最体贴的人，知道我到底需要什么。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示"什么"，故应用what。故that改为what。
5．考查动词时态。句意:当我突然生病时，是你把我背到医院的。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故al改为fell．
6．考查形容词。句意:我住院的时候你对我照顾得很好。修饰名词，所以用形容词，故well改为good。
7．考查动词不定式。句意:后来，你设法帮我补习功课。短语manage to do sth．"设法做某事"后跟不定式，故managed后面加to。
8．考查介词。句意:如果没有你的帮助，我就考试不及格了。结合句意表示"没有"介词应用without。故With改为Without。
9．考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有你的帮助，我就考试不及格了。本句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以主句用would have done,故failing改为failed。
10．考查可数名词的复数。句意:我还有几百个故事要和你们分享。story为可数名词，由hundreds of修饰应用复数形式。故story改为stories。
第二节 答案：
Boys and girls,
I'm greatly honored to deliver the speech． As we all know, with the development of the economy and society, the number of private cars is increasing amazingly． Cars and other vehicles release carbon gases, so do many other human activities, which causes global warming． It's high time that we should go green．
From my point of view, we should raise the public awareness of the importance of going green． And taking public transportation or riding bicycles instead of driving should be greatly encouraged． What's more, it's a good idea to classify our rubbish and recycle it in our daily life．
That's all． Thank you．

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