同步课堂专练（外研版2019选择性必修第三册）
Unit 3 War and peace
Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas
（重点练）
一、阅读理解
The most famous war movies reflect the American public's continuous fascination with World War II and the Vietnam War. Many movies of this kind have been well-received when they were first shown, but few of them have enjoyed lasting fame and popularity. The films on the list of the five most famous war movies still remain fresh and are popular among many people.
The Longest Day An all-star cast recreates D-Day and the Normandy attack, the greatest landing and aerial(空中的) invasion in history. This is probably the most famous war movie because of the large number of big stars who have roles in the film.
Apocalypse Now This is a famous war movie because of its description of the Vietnam War and excellent performance from Marlon Brando, Martin Sheen and Robert Duvall. The film, full of memorable scenes and quotes, is widely viewed as a masterpiece of movie making.
The Dirty Dozen Lee Marvin, playing an officer who thinks and acts independently, is appointed to train twelve prisoners, most of whom have been sentenced to death, to go on a suicide mission to kill several Nazi generals. If any of the men makes it back, they may get a pardon. This is one of the most popular war movies ever made.
Platoon This famous war movie is the fictional account of a platoon(排) in Vietnam that is divided into two competing groups. The plot is partly based on the director Oliver Stone's real life experience.
Midway This is probably the most famous war movie ever made about navy. It's based on the battle between Japanese and American aircraft carrier groups near Hawaii in World War II that resulted in a decisive American victory.
（1）What are the most important themes of the movies mentioned above
A.World War II and the Vietnam War.
B.Competitions in the Vietnam War.
C.Fights between Nazi generals and soldiers.
D.D-Day landing and the Normandy attack.
（2）The text is meant to ________.
A.describe five most famous movie posters
B.choose the best war movie among the five
C.introduce five masterpieces of American films
D.celebrate the success of the five American films
（3）What can we infer from the underlined sentence
A.The prisoners will be punished if they fail.
B.The prisoners might be willing to have a try.
C.The prisoners might be scared and run away.
D.The prisoners have to take Nazi generals back.
二、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Compared to the history of China, the history of the United States is quite short.________ In 1776, 13 colonies（殖民地）located on the eastern coast of North America declared independence and fought a revolution against the British. In 1783 the colonists won the revolution and gained their independence.
After the revolution, the United States bought a large section of country from Napoleon of France. This purchase doubled（加倍）the size of the United States. ________ If he hadn't needed that money, the United States might have stayed a small country. Texas and most of what is now the southwestern part of the United States belonged to Mexico. The people of Texas fought a revolution against Mexico. ________ Later, the United States and Mexico went to war. If Mexico had defeated the United States in that war, California and New Mexico would have been part of Mexico today.
The British and the Americans both claimed the northwestern part of the country. They settled their differences with a compromise. South of the 49th parallel was the United States. North of the 49th parallel was Canada. In 1861 one half of the United States did go to war with the other half. ________ President Lincoln wanted to free slaves. He was supported by the North but opposed by the South. The South wanted to separate from the rest of the country and become independent. ________
Following the Civil War, the United States bought Alaska from Russia. Today it is the largest state in the country and a very important one, too.
A. This was the Civil War.
B. It was controlled by England then.
C. It began little more than 200 years ago.
D. After 4 years of war, the South was defeated.
E. Napoleon needed money for his European wars.
F. They became independent and joined the United States.
G. At that time many people didn't think Alaska was important.
三、 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was the spring of 1943 during World War Ⅱ. Standing among hundreds of new ________(soldier)at Camp Grant, Sam, just 18 years old, waited as a truck slowly drove by. ________ full field pack was randomly thrown to each soldier.
Sam received________ (he). After he opened the pack and looked at the things in it, he was greatly________(astonish). He found his last name, Litrenti, was marked on each thing in his pack. "How strange!" Sam thought. He didn't think the one ________ threw the field pack to him knew who he was.
So why was Sam's last name marked on the things You may not believe it, but it was the field pack that his father ________(use)during World War I.
Sam ________(certain) didn't know that when he received it. It wasn't until after the war ________ he found out why.
After the war, he talked ________that with his father. After ________ (talk)for a while, Sam's father became sure that the pack once belonged to him.
Both the father and the son couldn't believe that! What a coincidence!
答案解析
一【答案】 （1）A
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了没醉最杰出的五部反映二战和越战的经典战争片。
（1）考查细节理解。 根据第一段中的“The most famous war movies reflect the American public's continuous fascination with World War II and the Vietnam War．”可知最著名的电影反映的是美国对第二次世界大战和越南战争的迷恋．故所提电影的主题基本都是和二战以及越南战争．故选A。
（2）考查写作意图。 浏览全文可知，本文主要是对美国非常出色的五部电影做了简介．故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据 The Dirty Dozen 部分中的“If any of the men makes it back, they may get a pardon.” 如果他们能够完成任务归来，那么就能赦免他们的罪．因此可推断出罪犯都有可能想尝试一下．故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
二【答案】 C；E；F；A；D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的独立战争、殖民历史和南北战争等内容。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“ Compared to the history of China, the history of the United States is quite short.”与中国的历史相比，美国的历史是相当短暂的。；再根据空后“In 1776, 13 colonies（殖民地）located on the eastern coast of North America declared independence and fought a revolution against the British.”在1776年，位于北美东海岸的13个殖民地宣布独立，并与英国进行了一场革命。C.It began little more than 200 years ago.“它开始于200多年前”，承上启下，故选C。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“ After the revolution, the United States bought a large section of country from Napoleon of France. This purchase doubled（加倍）the size of the United States.”美国向法国购买了大片土地；以及空后“ If he hadn't needed that money, the United States might have stayed a small country. ”如果他不需要这笔钱，美国可能仍然是一个小国家。E.Napoleon needed money for his European wars.“拿破仑在欧洲战争中需要钱”。承上启下，故选E。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Texas and most of what is now the southwestern part of the United States belonged to Mexico. The people of Texas fought a revolution against Mexico. ”德克萨斯州和现在大部分的美国西南部原属于墨西哥。德克萨斯人民与墨西哥进行了一场革命。F.They became independent and joined the United States.“他们独立并加入了美国”。是上文的延续，讲述德克萨斯归属美国的历史。故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“In 1861 one half of the United States did go to war with the other half.”1861年，美国的一半与另一半开战。A. This was the Civil War.“这就是美国内战。”承接上文，都是讲美国内战。故选A。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“The South wanted to separate from the rest of the country and become independent. ”南方想要脱离这个国家的其他地区，独立出来。D.After 4 years of war, the South was defeated.“经过4年的战争，南方被打败了。”说明这场战争的结果。故选D。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三【答案】 soldiers；A；his；astonished；who/that；used；certainly；that；about；talking
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，第二次世界大战期间，18岁的山姆意外巧合拿到了自己父亲的野战包。
（1）考查名词。句意：18岁的山姆站在格兰特军营数百名新兵中间，等着一辆卡车缓缓驶过。soldier为可数名词，由hundreds of意为"成百上千的"修饰, 因此要用soldier的复数形式。故填soldiers。
（2）考查冠词。句意：一个完整的野战包被随机扔给每个士兵。pack为可数名词，此处用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填A。
（3）考查代词。句意：萨姆收到了他的。名词性物主代词his相当于his pack。故填his。
（4）考查形容词。句意：当他打开包装，看到里面的东西，他非常惊讶。根据前面的was可知,此处要用形容词作表语,astonished表示"感到吃惊的"，修饰人。故填astonished。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：他不认为向他扔野战背包的 那个人知道他是谁。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句修饰先行词one，且先行词在从句中作主语，先行词是the one,指代人，故用关系代词who/that，填who/that。
（6）考查时态。句意：你可能不相信，这是他父亲在第一次世界大战期间使用的野战背包。根据前后语境可知,此处表示过去的 事情,故用一般过去时，填used。
（7）考查副词。句意：萨姆收到信的时候肯定不知道。修饰动词know需用副词形式。故填certainly。
（8）考查强调句。句意：直到战后他才发现原因。此处为强调句型"It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分"。故填that。
（9）考查介词。句意：战后，他和他的父亲谈论了这件事。talk about sth. 固定短语，"谈论某事"。故填about。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：聊了一会儿，萨姆的父亲确信那包东西曾经属于他。after是介词，后面需接动名词形式。故填talking。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，冠词，代词，形容词，定语从句，时态，副词，强调句，介词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
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