同步课堂专练 (外研版2019选择性必修第三册)
Unit 3 War and peace
Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas
(基础练)
I. 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.The poor little girl could __________________keep herself warm by lighting some matches with her feet
. (bare)
2.He looked at the incident _________________, and his _________________was to recover as soon as possible.(object)
3. _________________crimes will only lead to more _________________.(violent)
4. When the town was finally_________________，all the natives got together, celebrating its _________________.(liberate)
5. Much to our _________________，the girl died a _________________death for saving the birds.(horror)
6.The man is the _________________ here, and he has the right to _________________all of soldiers.(command)
7.In order for them to be _________________，the local people carved the heroes' names on the _________________.(memorize)
8. After an emergency _________________，all the people on board _________________safely.(land)
II. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下面的句子
be made up of. get across，go down，in large numbers, make it to, meet up with，see... as，set a date for
1.The supermarket has chain stores _________________ around the world.
2.The committee has _________________another round of discussion for the final decision.
3.They all set sail and _________________the harbor, with enough food.
4.So when do I _________________the husband and give him the book
5.Income for the employees _________________by 20 percent because of the pandemic last year.
6.I’m trying to find a way to _________________my message to them using as few words as possible.
7. The medical team of the hospital sent there _________________ five doctors and eight nurses.
8. Always _________________the name card of Jiangxi, Nanchang attracts visitors around China.
III. 单句语法填空
1.Finding her parents lying__________________（die）) in the earthquake, the little girl was shocked with tears.
2. You are the next one__________________(receive）the physical examination.
3.The superstar wore sunglasses when shopping without__________________(notice).
4.I am not a boy, yet I'm not a man, I'm in _________________.
5.They went on working against time to save the sick _________________ the shortage of food.
6. He expected that the experiment would be _________________success.
7. _________________the end of last month, most of the shops had started business.
8.All the witnesses have been called in, and there are six _________________number.
9. With the noise __________________（die) down，the village turned quiet soon.
10.The environment is getting better with the __________________(combine) efforts of the citizens.
IV 阅读理解
War can be deadly for wildlife, too. A new study reports that war is the biggest threat to Africa's elephants, rhinoceroses, and other animals. Researchers examined how years of conflict in Africa have affected populations of large animals. More than 70 percent of Africa's protected wildlife areas have been within a war zone at some point in the last 70 years. The more frequent the fighting, the greater the drop in animal populations, said Josh Daskin, an ecologist at Yale University. He was the lead author of the study, which was published Wednesday in the journal Nature.
It takes very little conflict, as much as one conflict in about 20 years, for the average wildlife population to be declining, Daskin said. "Areas with frequent fighting — but not necessarily the bloodiest fighting—lose 35 percent of their large animal populations during each year of war," he said.
Some animals get killed by weapons of war. Yet, many also die because of changes in social and economic conditions in an area as a result of war, said Rob Pringle. He is an ecologist at Princeton University and the study's co-author. "People in and around war zones are poor and hungrier. So they may begin to illegally hunt animals for valuable tusks or hunt protected animals to eat," Pringle said. "And during wartime, animal conservation programs do not have as much money or power to protect wildlife."
The new study examined the entire African continent over 65 years. The researchers looked at 10 different factors that could change population numbers. They included war, drought, animal size, protected areas and human population density. The number of wars had the biggest effect on wildlife population. The intensity of the wars — measured in the number of human deaths — had the least effect on animals.
（1）Which is the most dangerous to Africa's animals
A.Hunting.
B.Wars.
C.Drought.
D.Economy.
（2）What can we know about the animals in Africa
A.More than 70 percent of animals live in a war zone.
B.Little conflict has no effect to animals' population.
C.The more frequent the fighting is, the fewer animals are.
D.35 percent of animals in the world died each year because of war.
（3）Which one is NOT the reason why animals die in the war
A.Being killed by the weapons.
B.Being killed by poor and hungry people.
C.The loss of their habitat.
D.Lack of money or power to protect them.
（4）Which one has the least influence on wildlife population
A.The intensity of the wars.
B.Protected areas.
C.The number of wars.
参考答案
I.1.barely,bare 2.objectively,objective 3. Violent,violence
4. liberated, liberation 5.horror,horrible
6.commander,command 7.memorized，memorial8.landing,landed
II .1. in large numbers 2.set a date for 3.made it to
4.meet up with 5.went down 6.get across
7. is made up of 8.seen as
III .1.dead 2.to receive 3. being noticed 4. between5.despite 6.a 7.By 8.in 9.dying bined
D.Animal size.
IV
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了战争对于野生动物的致命影响。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第一、第二句War can be deadly for wildlife, too. A new study reports that war is the biggest threat to Africa's elephants, rhinoceroses, and other animals.可知，战争对于非洲的野生动物来说是致命的。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段The more frequent the fighting, the greater the drop in animal populations...可知，战斗越频繁，动物数量的减少就越大。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Some animals get killed by weapons of war.可知，一些动物是被战争的武器杀死。故排除A。根据第三段第四句"People in and around war zones are poor and hungrier. So they may begin to illegally hunt animals for valuable tusks or hunt protected animals to eat," Pringle said.可知，动物的死于战争的另一原因是贫困而又饥饿的人们杀死动物作为食物。故排除B。根据第四段The researchers looked at 10 different factors that could change population numbers. They included war, drought, animal size, protected areas and human population density.可知，引发动物死亡另一原因是动物栖息地的丧失。故排除C。故选D项。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段The intensity of the wars — measured in the number of human deaths — had the least effect on animals.可知，战争的密度对于野生动植物的数量有着最小的影响。故选A项。
【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及细节理解题。要注意仔细阅读从文中寻找答案。
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