高三二轮复习 短文改错(石室安魂卷11-15)专项训练3
真题多维细目表
命题规律与备考策略：
Ⅰ.命题规律：
文章体裁以记叙文为主；
试题设错比例通常为：加词1个，删词1个，改正8个；
考频由高到低为：v., n./conj., adj., adv., prep., art.;
Ⅱ.备考策略：
掌握命题规律，熟悉短文改错解题步骤、解题原则及解题思路；
解题步骤:
通读全文,掌握大意; 上贯下联,逐句改错; 对照考点,推敲难点; 代人答案,复读全文。
2)解题原则:
①规范性原则:按照规定的符号改错。
②四不改原则:词序不改;大小写不改;标点符号不改;单词拼写不改。
③五改动原则:忠实原文;一对一原则;改动最少原则;实词以改变形式为主;虚词以添加或删除为主。
解题思路: ①词法测试；②句法测试；③篇章测试。
日常学习中要：①多归纳、多总结，且规范答题格式；
②熟记“十字口诀”；动名形副冠代介连+逻辑和数。
3.短文改错(高2023届石室安魂卷11-15)再现：
卷11：
Last weekend, I watched The Planets. It’s astronomical series, which left a deep impression with me. Presented by a famous physicist, it told facts about the eight planets in the solar system. The vivid exposure of the secrets of their origins and history held his interest most. The physicist also discusses how the planets become that they are today. Besides, many scenes on the show are visually amazed, especially those of Earth, the five biggest planet in the solar system. They’re similar to the scenes in one of my favorite sci-fi film, but they’re real. The Planets greatly adds up to my knowledge of the universe. It inspires me to learn more about astronomy and explores space as well.
第一处：在It’s与astronomical之间加an【解析】此处泛指一个天文学系列节目，series“系列节目”为可数名词，且astronomical以元音音素开头，故应加不定冠词an。
第二处：with → on【解析】leave an impression on sb.“给某人留下印象”。
第三处：told → tells【解析】此处是对节目的客观介绍，应用一般现在时，与下文介绍节目时使用的时态保持一致。
第四处：his → my【解析】此处指让作者非常感兴趣，应用my。
第五处：that → what【解析】此处表示讨论行星如何变成了今天的样子。become后是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作表语，应用what。
第六处：amazed → amazing【解析】此处表示视觉上令人惊叹的，故用修饰物的形容词 amazing“令人大为惊奇的”。
第七处：five → fifth【解析】根据下文的“biggest planet”可知，此处应用序数词fifth表示“第五”。
第八处：film → films【解析】根据上文的“one of”可知，此处应用名词复数形式。
第九处：删掉adds后的up【解析】add to“使……增加”，add up to“总共是”。此处表示“增加我对宇宙的认识”，故删除副词up。
第十处：explores → explore【解析】此处and连接的是两个并列的不定式短语，其中explore前的to承前省略了。
卷12：
Of all the sports, I like basketball better. It has been one of my hobby since I was a child. In my opinion, play basketball helps me to build up my strength and enable me to relax. Most importantly, the sport teaches me to cooperate with others more effective. I’ve made some good friends through them. We often hold friendly matches, what bring me much pleasure. My favorite basketball player is Yao Ming, who is well-known in all over the world. I hope to be professional player when I grow up. For this dream, I know I need to work hard from now on,and it will be impossible.
Of all the sports, I like basketball . It has been one of my since I was a child. In my opinion, basketball helps me to build up my strength and me to relax. Most importantly, the sport teaches me to cooperate with others more . I’ve made some good friends through . We often hold friendly matches, bring me much pleasure. My favorite basketball player is Yao Ming, who is well-known in all over the world. I hope to be ∧professional player when I grow up. For this dream, I know I need to work hard from now on, it will be impossible.
第一处：better → best【解析】Of all the sports说明此处比较范围为三者或以上，故用最高级best。
第二处：hobby → hobbies【解析】根据上文的one of可知，此处表示爱好之一，应用复数。
第三处：play → playing【解析】此处为动名词短语作主语。
第四处：enable → enables【解析】此处与helps并列作谓语，应用第三人称单数形式。
第五处：effective → effectively【解析】此处修饰动词cooperate，应用副词 effectively“有效地”。
第六处：them → it【解析】此处指代上文的the sport，应用it。
第七处：what → which／that【解析】此处为限制性定语从句，应用关系代词which／that。
第八处：删掉in【解析】all over the world作状语，相当于in every part of the world，前面不需要再加介词in。
第九处：在be与professional之间加a【解析】此处表示“我”想成为一名专业运动员，player为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故应加冠词a。
第十处：and → or【解析】此处表示“我”知道从现在起“我”就要为这个梦想努力，否则它不可能实现，故把and改为or。or“不然，否则”。
卷13：
Knowing that you took part in the Mandarin Speech Contest and getting the first prize, I’m writing to congratulate to you! I always remember what you’ve devoted to learn Mandarin. Never did you give up, what happened. And that pays out. Your efforts, especially your determination, is really admirable. I have learned from you that we should make constantly efforts to achieve a goal even if many difficulties are in store for you. I feel so proud of you and it is great honor to have a friend like you. Congratulations again and best wish to you!
第一处：getting → got【解析】此处与took并列，应用got。
第二处：删掉congratulate后的to【解析】congratulate“祝贺”是及物动词，可直接跟宾语，故介词to多余。
第三处：learn → learning【解析】devote sth. to…“把……用于……”结构中的to是介词，故应用-ing形式。
第四处：what → whatever【解析】此处表示“无论发生什么”，应用whatever引导让步状语从句。
第五处：out → off【解析】此处表示那奏效了，应用pay off。pay out表示“支付，偿付”。
第六处：is → are【解析】主语是Your efforts 而不是determination，故应用are。
第七处：constantly → constant【解析】此处作定语，修饰名词，应用形容词constant。
第八处：you → us【解析】此处指有许多困难在等着我们，应用us。
第九处：在is与great之间加a【解析】it is an honor to do sth.“做某事很荣幸”，是习惯表达。
第十处：wish → wishes【解析】表示“祝愿，祝福”时，通常用复数形式wishes。
卷14：
An English contest on a theme of “I’m Proud of My Motherland” would be held in our school. It’s a good chance to not only express your love for China but also improve our speaking English. First of all, there is no doubts that this contest will be meaningful. What’s more, we also invited a famous professor, whom will teach us how to make a municate with him face to face will benefit us greatly. All the students are welcomed to take part in it. Please don’t hesitate to join in us!
第一处：a → the【解析】此处特指“我为祖国骄傲”这一主题，故用定冠词the。
第二处：would → will【解析】根据下文可知，英语演讲比赛尚未举行，应用一般将来时。
第三处：your → our【解析】根据上下文的our可知，此处表示“我们的”。
第四处：speaking → spoken【解析】spoken English“英语口语”。故将speaking改为spoken。
第五处：doubts → doubt【解析】there’s no doubt that…“毫无疑问……”，故用单数名词。
第六处：在we与also之间加have【解析】此处表示“我们已经邀请了一位著名的教授”，故用现在完成时。
第七处：whom → who【解析】此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who。
第八处：Communicate → Communicating【解析】此处非谓语动词短语作主语，故用动词的ing形式。
第九处：welcomed → welcome【解析】welcome作动词时，不能构成welcome sb. to do sth.，故此处用形容词 welcome即可。
第十处：删掉join与us之间的in【解析】join sb.“加入某人”，join in后跟活动。
卷15：
When discussing cities worth visited in China, many people recommend Beijing. And I suggest Zhengding. I thought it is a good place for an unforgettable trip. Sitting in Hebei Province, it is our hometown. First of all, Zhengding is a city with a long history, in that you can tour many places of interests such as Longxing Temple. In addition, people here are friendly and politely, who always lend a willing hand with others. Last but not least, if you come here, you can have a chance to try on delicious local food. In a word, it’s one of most attractive cities in China.
第一处：visited → visiting【解析】worth doing“（某事）值得做”。
第二处：And → But【解析】前后句之间是明显的转折关系，故用But。
第三处：thought → think【解析】此处描述现在的客观情况，用一般现在时即可。
第四处：our → my【解析】此处应表示“我的家乡”，而不是“我们的家乡”。
第五处：that → which【解析】history后是定语从句，先行词是Zhengding，故用“介词＋which”引导从句。
第六处：interests → interest【解析】此处 interest表示“吸引力，趣味”，是不可数名词。
第七处：politely → polite【解析】此处与friendly并列作表语，应用形容词。
第八处：with → to【解析】lend a hand to sb.“帮助某人”。
第九处：删掉try与delicious之间的on【解析】try sth.“尝试……”，try on sth.“试穿（衣物）”。
第十处：在of与most之间加the【解析】此处形容词最高级前要用定冠词the。

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