2023届全国中考英语 阅读理解热点话题分类 ：
中外著名人物（解析版）
一、阅读理解
1.（2022·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）
Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, died in Beijing at the age of 100 on June 17th, 2021.
Xu Yuanchong was born in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, in 1921. He began to translate some works during his college years. In 1939, as a freshman, he published an English translation of a poem as his earliest work. Since 1978, Xu has published more than 100 translated novels, anthologies（选集）, and plays.
Xu worked on translating for more than 70 years. He has tried his best to pass on the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry all his life. In his opinion, a translated work should be as beautiful as the original（原著）. Instead of directly translating words from one language to another, he made the translated words clear and enjoyable to readers. In 2014, Xu became the first Asian winner of the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature（北极光杰出文学翻译奖）, which is one of the world’s highest prizes.
Xu pursued（追求） the beauty of language all his life and his works have served as a cultural bridge linking the East with the West. His translations are so beautiful that English and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature（文学）. At the same time, Chinese readers can understand foreign works in the same way they would read novels and poems written in their mother tongue（母语）.
1．Xu’s earliest translation work is a(n) ________.
A．play B．novel C．anthology D．poem
2．Xu thinks a translated work is supposed to be _________ the original.
A．as beautiful as B．as famous as
C．less beautiful than D．more famous than
3．The underlined word “linking” probably means _________.
A．comparing B．connecting C．dividing D．mixing
4．Which is the best title for this passage
A．A China’s Famous Writer B．The Most Beautiful Poem
C．The World’s Highest Prize D．A Great Translator in China
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。短文记叙了中国最著名的翻译大师许渊冲的生平事迹。
1．细节理解题。根据“In 1939, as a freshman, he published an English translation of a poem as his earliest work.”可知在1939年，当他还在读大一的时候，他就出版了一本诗歌的英文译本，作为他最早期的作品。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“In his opinion, a translated work should be as beautiful as the original（原著）.”可知在他看来，一个翻译的作品应该跟原著一样优美。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Xu pursued（追求） the beauty of language all his life and his works have served as a cultural bridge linking the East with the West”可知他的作品就像一座连接东西方文化的桥梁。说明linking意为“连接”，可用connecting来表示。故选B。
4．最佳标题题。根据“Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, died in Beijing at the age of 100 on June 17th, 2021”可知中国最著名的翻译大师许渊冲，在2021年6月17日，在北京辞世，享年100岁。这篇文章主要是围绕这位中国翻译大师的生平事迹来写的。故选D。
2.（2022·湖北荆门·统考中考真题）
Yuan Longping, the “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, passed away in Changsha at the age of 91 on May 22, 2021. Yuan had spent his whole life doing research on rice. Now about one fifth of rice around the world comes from the hybrid rice he developed.
In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest University and began his special connection with rice. In the 1970s, he developed the hybrid rice that recorded a high yearly yield(年产量), 20% higher than traditional rice. That meant it could feed another 70 million people a year.
After helping China feed its population, Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered(遭受) famine all over the world. Since the 1980s, Yuan’s team has offered training courses in many countries. He was given the World Food Prize in 2004.
In 2017, he helped develop indica rice(籼稻) for areas where there is heavy metal pollution. During his lifetime, Yuan was always driven by his dream to better feed China and the world. For his great achievements, Yuan was given the Medal of the Republic, the highest honor in China, in 2019.
On hearing the news of his death, large crowds of people came to the hospital in Changsha to see him off, calling out words such as, “Grandpa Yuan, have a good journey!”
5．How old was Yuan when he went to Southwest University
A．19. B．30. C．49. D．70.
6．The underlined word “famine” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．污染 B．饥荒 C．战火 D．病毒
7．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To explain why people went to see him off. B．To encourage people to learn from the scientist.
C．To show people’s deep sadness for Yuan’s death. D．To call on people to remember the great scientist.
8．The passage may come from ________.
A．a diary B．a news report C．a storybook D．a travel magazine
【答案】5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平。
5．推理判断题。根据“passed away in Changsha at the age of 91 on May 22, 2021”和“In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest University”可知，2021年袁隆平91岁，1949年进入西南大学学习时是19岁。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。分析“After helping China feed its population, Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered(遭受) famine all over the world.”可知，在帮助中国解决人口温饱问题之后，袁隆平梦想拯救世界各地遭受饥荒的人们，所以famine的意思是“饥荒”，故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要表达人们对于袁老逝世的悲痛，故选C。
8．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父袁隆平，所以推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。
3.（2022·山东潍坊·统考中考真题）
Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor.
“But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.
“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.” Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.
From then on, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other students went on holiday.
Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen to the second-highest medical officer in the British Army. Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful caesarean section（剖宫产）in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.
9．Who played the most important role in Margaret’s becoming a doctor
A．General Miranda. B．Her uncle James Barry.
C．A soldier in the British Army. D．A professor from Edinburgh University.
10．What does the underlined word disguise in paragraph 3 mean
A．Change one’s clothes. B．Dress like a doctor.
C．Change one’s appearance. D．Dress like a gentleman.
11．Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in his job
A．Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.
B．Graduating from the most famous medical university.
C．Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.
D．Doing the world’s first recorded caesarean section successfully.
12．What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years
A．James Barry left much money. B．Dr. James Barry was a woman.
C．Margaret died in her twenties. D．General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.
【答案】9．A 10．C 11．C 12．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了Margaret Ann Bulkley为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从医的故事。
9．细节理解题。根据“And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him”及“‘Yes, you can!’ said General Miranda. ‘All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.’ ”可知，是叔叔的朋友General Miranda鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选A。
10．词义猜测题。根据“So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes”可知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个男孩，所以disguise与Change one’s appearance同义，故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据“Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people”可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据“Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选B。
4.（2022·四川绵阳·统考中考真题）
At a snow park in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, Chinese teenage snowboarder Su Yiming won a silver in the men’s snowboarding competition on February 7. It was the first time that a Chinese snowboarder had ever competed in this event at any Olympics. Su was introduced to snowboarding at the age of 4 by his parents, who were both snowboarding fans. Su fell in love with the sport the first time they took him to a ski center. Later he kept on practicing after class. To save up more time for snowboarding, he would get up at 5 am and finish his homework early.
Su just saw snowboarding as a hobby in the beginning. However, on July 31, 2015 when he knew that Winter Olympics 2022 would be held in Beijing, his mind turned to professional（职业的）competition. He dreamed of joining in the Winter Olympics. And he decided to go professional.
In 2018 Su became a member of China’s national snowboarding team. In 2020 and 2021, he took home gold medals（奖牌）of all national competitions. In January 2021, he became the first Chinese man snowboarder to finish the Cab 1800—the most difficult snowboarding skill.
Behind his success is Su’s hard work. He has made full use of every chance to train more. Usually he arrived at the training center earlier than his teammates. In that way, he could practice more. He even broke several snowboards in one week because of heavy training.
After Su won his silver medal, his father Su Qun received an interview. He said that this would not be his son’s last Olympics and Su would do better in the future.
13．How did Su feel the first time he tried snowboarding
A．Disappointed. B．Interested. C．Worried. D．Moved.
14．Why did Su decide to go professional
A．His parents were snowboarding fans.
B．He could finish the most difficult skill.
C．He joined China’s national snowboarding team.
D．Winter Olympics 2022 would be held in Beijing.
15．When did Su become a national team member
A．In 2022. B．In 2020. C．In 2018. D．In 2015.
16．What is the key to Su’s success
A．Taking home gold medals. B．Training hard day and night.
C．Being the first to finish the Cab 1800. D．Getting much help from his teammates.
17．Which part is the text probably taken from in a magazine
A．Sport. B．Travel. C．Health. D．Science.
【答案】13．B 14．D 15．C 16．B 17．A
【导语】本文是一名记叙文。介绍了苏翊鸣滑雪的经历，并且告诉我们付出努力终究会得到回报的。
13．细节理解题。根据“Su fell in love with the sport the first time they took him to a ski center.”可知，当他们第一次带他去滑雪中心时，苏翊鸣就爱上了这项运动。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“However, on July 31, 2015 when he knew that Winter Olympics 2022 would be held in Beijing, his mind turned to professional competition. He dreamed of joining in the Winter Olympics. And he decided to go professional.”可知，当他知道2022年冬奥会将在北京举行时，他的想法转向了职业比赛，他梦想着参加冬奥会，于是他决定走上职业道路。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据“In 2018 Su became a member of China’s national snowboarding team.”可知，2018年，苏翊鸣成为中国国家单板滑雪队的一员。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据“Behind his success is Su’s hard work. He has made full use of every chance to train more.”可知，苏翊鸣成功的背后是他的努力，他充分利用每一个机会进行更多的训练。故选B。
17．推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍体育名人苏翊鸣，所以推测可能在体育版块看到这篇文章，故选A。
5.（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）
Poverty(贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary(普通的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than 1,800 students to universities and colleges.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield(产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capital income(人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties (县) and 128,000 villages which these people live in are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s.
18．What does the underlined word “convinced” mean in Paragraph 2
A．说服 B．允许 C．解释 D．提醒
19．What do you know about Mao Xianglin according to the text
A．He works as a teacher in the village. B．He encouraged the villagers to sell oranges.
C．He did two things to help the villagers. D．He led villagers to build a road with some tools.
20．What’s the right structure(结构) of the text （①=Paragraph 1)
A． B． C． D．
21．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph
A．To praise the spirit of model workers.
B．To show great achievements against poverty.
C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty.
D．To describe the experiences of lighting against poverty.
22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．The teacher helped the poor areas out of poverty by giving materials.
B．The per capital income in the village was more than￥500 in the 1990s.
C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past.
D．Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years.
【答案】18．A 19．C 20．B 21．B 22．D
【导语】本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。
18．词义猜测题。根据“They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls.”及“She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school”可知，这些家庭无法负担女孩们去上学，所以创办了免费的学校之后，张桂梅说服这些女孩的家长送她们返回学校，所以划线单词表示“说服”，故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands…Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges”可知，毛相林为村民们做了两件事，一件是带领村民修路，另一件是鼓励村民们种橘子，故选C。
20．篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段主要是总体指出中国在脱贫攻坚方面取得的成就；第二、三段分别举例张桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次总结脱贫方面取得的成绩，故选B。
21．推理判断题。根据“Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty…China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s”可知，使用列数字的方式是为了说明中国在脱贫道路上取得的成绩，故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17”可知，她从17岁开始就帮助女孩们接受教育，结合常识可知张桂梅64岁，所以说她帮助女孩们接受教育已经40多年了，故选D。
6.（2022·四川广安·统考中考真题）
Nightingale was the world’s first great nurse. She was born in a rich family in 1820, in Florence, Italy. She could have lived an easy, comfortable life. But instead, she chose to work hard and care for the sick. Because she is one of the world’s greatest nurses, every year on her birthday, May 12, people celebrate International Nurses’ Day to remember the love and help that she gave to so many people.
When she was 24, she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse. But they didn’t like the idea. The family had lots of money, so they thought it would be better if she didn’t work. Nurses were not very well respected at that time. But Nightingale went on with her dream. She went to Germany to learn to be a nurse. There were no nursing schools at that time. She had to learn by practising. During a war in 1854, Nightingale and a team of 38 nurses from England went to care for soldiers near Turkey. She made the hospitals much cleaner there. At night, she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp(灯) with her, and soldiers began to call her “The Lady with the Lamp”. In 1860, after the war, Nightingale opened the first nursing school. She also worked to make hospitals better and make rules for nurses. She died in 1910 in London, England at the age of 90. Nightingale’s birthday became International Nurses’ Day in 1974.
23．Nightingale was ________.
A．an American B．a Canadian C．an Italian D．a German
24．When did Nightingale begin to want to be a nurse
A．At the age of 24. B．When she was still a little girl.
C．Since she was born. D．After she went to England.
25．What problems did Nightingale have before 1854
A．Her parents didn’t want her to be a nurse. B．There were no nursing schools at that time.
C．She didn’t have enough money. D．Both A and B．
26．When did Nightingale’s birthday become International Nurse’ Day
A．In 1820. B．In 1854. C．In 1860. D．In 1974.
27．What did the soldiers mean by calling Nightingale “The Lady with the Lamp”
A．She sold lamps. B．She could bring hope to others.
C．She lent lamps to others. D．She loved the lamp.
【答案】23．C 24．A 25．D 26．D 27．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上第一位伟大的护士——南丁格尔。
23．细节理解题。根据“She was born in a rich family in 1820, in Florence, Italy”可知南丁格尔是意大利人。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“When she was 24, she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse”可知当她24岁时，她告诉父母她想成为一名护士。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“But they didn’t like the idea”以及“There were no nursing schools at that time”可知她父母不同意她当护士，而且当时也没有护士学校。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据“Nightingale’s birthday became International Nurses’ Day in 1974.”可知南丁格尔的生日在1974年成为国际护士节。故选D。
27．词句猜测题。根据“At night, she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp(灯) with her, and soldiers began to call her ‘The Lady with the Lamp’ ”可知她照顾战士，战士称呼她为“提灯女神”，表达了她给战士们带来了光和希望。故选B。
7.（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）
The Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period was an age of great culture development in China. Here are some great characters of that time.
Shang Yang reformed many fields. Before the reform, he placed a log（原木）at the gate and promised, “If someone can move the log, he will get a reward.” No one believed him until someone moved the log, Shang Yang really gave him a reward.
Do you know Lu Ban lock It is a removable toy. Lu Ban made it for his son. His son studied all night before opening it. He also invented many tools and weapons（武器）.
Li Bing was an expert in water projects. He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people.
Once, an official fell unconscious（昏迷的）. Everyone thought he was dead except Bian Que. Bian Que felt his weak pulse and said. “He will wake up in three days.” Two days later, the official woke up. Everyone was amazed.
When Bo Ya played, even the horses looked up, listened to his music and stopped eating. Bo Ya’s friend, Zhong Ziqi, understood his music. They liked each other. After Ziqi died, Bo Ya broke his guqin and never played it any more.
28．Why did Shang Yang make a promise before the reform A．To give people a reward. B．To sell the log at the market.
C．To fix the gate of the building. D．To make people believe him.
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article
A．Lu Ban was an ancient inventor. B．Zhong Ziqi was good at playing guqin.
C．Li Bing was an expert in building houses. D．Bian Que once made a dead person back to life.
30．What’s the main theme（主题）of the article above
A．Famous people. B．Chinese medicine. C．Traditional music. D．Important inventions.
【答案】28．D 29．A 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了春秋战国时期的几位著名人物。
28．推理判断题。根据“Before the reform, he placed a log（原木）at the gate and promised…Shang Yang really gave him a reward.”可知，商鞅要进行变法改革，势必要先行获取民众的信任，在变法之前他将许下的奖赏兑现，成功取得了民众的信任。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据“Do you know Lu Ban lock …He also invented many tools and weapons（武器）.”可知，鲁班发明了鲁班锁，还发明了许多工具和武器，故可推知他是一位古代的发明家。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据“Here are some great characters of that time.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了商鞅、鲁班、李冰、扁鹊、伯牙和钟子期几位著名的春秋战国时期的人物。故选A。
8.（2022·河南南阳·统考一模）
Once, there was a young man who expected to be successful badly. One day, he visited Socrates, the great and successful Greek philosopher (哲学家), and asked the man about the secret to success. He hoped that this man, who he respected (尊敬) a lot, could show him something useful and helpful. After knowing the young man’s purpose, Socrates decided to do something to calm (使平静) him down first. Looking at the worried young man in silence for a while, Socrates told the young man to meet him near the river outside the city the next morning. Dare not ask Socrates why, the puzzled young man left.
The next day, the young man came early and waited. When the great man arrived, he asked the young man to walk with him toward the river together. They walked side by side in the river. Though the young man was still puzzled (困惑的), he followed. When the water got up to their necks, Socrates took the young man by surprise and ducked him into the water all of a sudden. The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue.
After pulling his head out of the water, the first thing the young man did was to take a deep breath of the air. Waiting for a while, when seeing the young man calm down, Socrates asked slowly, “Now please tell me. What did you want most when you were in the water ” The man replied, “Air.” Hearing the young man’s answer, Socrates said, “Now, you see, that is the secret to success. Only when you want something as badly as you wanted the air just now in the water, will you get it!”
Sometimes we are always so eager (渴望的) to be successful that we can’t make ourselves understand what we really need. So, learn your situation to get to know what you want most and try your best, and then you may get it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
31．What does the underlined word “ducked” mean in Chinese according to the text
A．使游走 B．把……按进水里 C．挣扎 D．包装
32．What did they do in the water
A．Socrates stood in the water with the young man side by side for long.
B．Socrates put the young man’s head into the water for long.
C．Socrates walked with the young man in the water for long.
D．Socrates swam and talked with the young man for long.
33．How did Socrates make the young man get his idea
A．By telling the way to success. B．By giving the young man some useful suggestions.
C．By giving a special lesson to the young man. D．By giving the young man lots of money and things.
34．Which word can best describe Socrates according to the text
A．Wise. B．Strict. C．Humorous. D．Kind.
35．According to the story, how can we achieve success
A．By trying to make as much money as we could.
B．By talking with a great man and getting his secret to success.
C．By letting Socrates put the head into the water.
D．By finding out what we want and do our best.
【答案】31．B 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Socrates通过让年轻人亲自体会的方法来告诉一个人怎样才能成功的故事。
31．词义猜测题。根据“The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue”并结合备选项可猜测Socrates把年轻人的头按进水里，直到他的脸开始发青，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue”可知在水里时，Socrates把年轻人的头按到水里很长时间。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“Now, you see, that is the secret to success. Only when you want something as badly as you wanted the air just now in the water, will you get it”并结合上题可知Socrates通过给年轻人上了特别的一课来解答年轻人的困惑，故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据文章中Socrates帮助年轻人解惑的方法可判断Socrates是一个睿智的人，故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据“So, learn your situation to get to know what you want most and try your best, and then you may get it.”可知要想成功必须了解自己的真正需要并尽最大的努力，故选D。
9.（2022·广西河池·统考中考真题）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。
Su Bingtian ran into the record books at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games on August 1. He became the first Chinese to enter the men’s 100m final (决赛) at the Olympics. And with 9.83 seconds in the 100m semi-final (半决赛), he set a new Asian record.
Although he finished sixth, Su recorded a time of 9.98 seconds in the final, 0.18 seconds behind the winner Lamont Marcell Jacobs of Italy, who clocked 9.80 seconds. “Actually, I am very happy to run under 10 seconds twice in such a short time. Making it into the finals, I have already given all I have,” Su said after the race.
The last Chinese track-and-field athlete (田径运动员) to make history at the Olympics was Liu Xiang. Liu won a gold medal in the men’s 110m hurdles (跨栏赛) in Athens in 2004 and brought China its first Olympic gold medal in a men’s track-and-field event.
“If it wasn’t for Liu Xiang’s achievement, we’d never have thought that an Asian would step on the Olympic track-and-field final and even win the race,” Su said. “I hope my sixth place at the Olympic final will encourage more Chinese athletes to go forward.”
36．Su’s Bingtian became the ________ Chinese to enter the men’s 100m final at the Olympics.
A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
37．Su finished sixth in the final and it’s just ________ seconds behind the winner.
A．0.15 B．0.18 C．9.83 D．9.98
38．Su was very _________ to run under 10 seconds twice in such a short time.
A．tired B．bored C．worried D．glad
39．________ brought China its first Olympic gold medal in a men’s track-and-field event.
A．Lin Dan B．Ma Long C．Liu Xiang D．Su Bingtian
40．People mostly think that ________ seldom steps on the Olympic track-and-field final.
A．an Asian B．a European C．an American D．an African
【答案】36．A 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了田径运动员苏炳添和刘翔的成就。
36．细节理解题。根据“He became the first Chinese to enter the men’s 100 m final（决赛）at the Olympics”可知，苏炳添成为第一个进入奥运会男子100米决赛的中国人。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据“Although he finished sixth, Su recorded a time of 9.98 seconds in the final, 0.18 seconds behind the winner Lamont Marcell Jacobs of Italy, who clocked 9.80 seconds”可知，苏在决赛中获得第六名，只比冠军落后0.18秒。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“I am very happy to run under 10 seconds twice in such a short time”可知，苏很高兴在这么短的时间内两次跑进了10秒以内。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“Liu won a gold medal in the men’s 110 m hurdles（跨栏赛）in Athens in 2004 and brought China its first Olympic gold medal in a men’s track-and-field event”可知，刘翔为中国在男子田径项目上赢得了首枚奥运金牌。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“If it wasn’t for Liu Xiang’s achievement, we’d never have thought that an Asian would step on the Olympic track-and-field final and even win the race”可知，人们大多认为亚洲人很少有人登上奥运会田径决赛的舞台，故选A。
10.（2022·江苏常州·统考中考真题）
The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the most gender-balanced (性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in history, with more than 1,300 female athletes — a record number — competing at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all athletes. Here are some female athletes whose achievements in Beijing amazed the world.
Team China’s teenage hero Gu Ailing, 18, is the youngest athlete to win three medals at a Winter Olympics. The freeski player won two gold medals and a silver in three events.
Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps (四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics. No other woman has ever finished five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
British women’s curling (冰壶) team won the country’s only gold medal by having a 10-3 win against Japan on the last day of the Beijing Winter Olympics. This was also the country’s first curling gold after 2002.
Almida de Val, a 24-year-old Swedish IT engineer, together with her teammate, took the third place in curling mixed doubles. She took a leave from her company to take part in the Olympics.
41．How many athletes took part in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Games A．Around 1,300. B．Around 1,580. C．Around 2,880. D．Around 4,460.
42．Who took a silver medal in the competition
A．Gu Ailing. B．British women’s curling team.
C．Almida de Val. D．Almida de Val’s teammate.
43．What do we know about Alexandra Trusova
A．She is the youngest athlete in the 2022 Olympic Games.
B．She took the first place in the Beijing Winter Olympics.
C．She worked as an IT engineer before becoming a skating player.
D．She is the first female to complete five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
【答案】41．C 42．A 43．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了几位北京冬奥会上的女性运动员。
41．推理判断题。根据“The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the most gender-balanced(性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in history, with more than 1,300 female athletes—a record number—competing at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all athletes.”可知，北京2022年冬奥会共有1300多名女性运动员参赛，这一数字创下纪录，占所有运动员的45%以上。所以大约有2800名运动员参赛，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“The freeski player won two gold medals and a silver in three events.”可知，谷爱凌在三个项目中获得两枚金牌和一枚银牌。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps(四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，17岁的俄罗斯花样滑冰银牌得主亚历山德拉·特鲁索娃在北京冬奥会自由泳比赛中以五次四跳惊艳世界。故选D。
11.（2022·广东·统考中考真题）
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure（探险）in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples（样本）from the places far away to do research. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach——only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists how plants live in extreme（极端的）conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me, what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
44．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．Jerry’s friends. B．Jerry’s achievements. C．High mountains. D．A geography magazine.
45．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Satisfied. B．Lonely. C．Patient. D．Worried.
46．Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures
A．To make friends. B．To help scientists. C．To study plants. D．To train scientists.
47．Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures had changed ________.
A．their hobbies B．their friendship C．their understanding of life D．their living conditions
48．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Dangerous Mountains Climbing. B．Important Scientific Discoveries.
C．Plants Found on High Mountains. D．Adventures Turned into Something Greater.
【答案】44．B 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．D
【导语】本文介绍杰里是世界著名的登山运动员，他想把自己的冒险变成对世界有帮助的事情，他和团队帮助科学家们了解了植物如何在极端条件下生存，在冒险的同时做了更伟大的事。
44．段落大意题。分析第一段内容可知，本段主要介绍杰里的一些成就，故选B。
45．词句猜测题。根据“Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled.”以及“Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”可知，虽然杰里已经获得了巨大的成功，但是他没有感到满足，此处fulfilled的意思是“满足，满意”，故选A。
46．细节理解题。根据“He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists.”可知，他组建了一支顶级探险团队，为科学家们收集样本。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据“Such adventures had made us see life in a different way.”可知，这样的冒险让我们以不同的方式看待生活。故选C。
48．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍杰里是世界著名的登山运动员，他想把自己的冒险变成对世界有帮助的事情，他和团队帮助科学家们了解了植物如何在极端条件下生存，在冒险的同时做了更伟大的事，选项D“冒险变成了更伟大的事情”符合主题，故选D。
12.（2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）
Jiang Mengnan, a girl from Chenzhou, Hunan, received the Touching China Person of the Year Award for 2021.
Jiang Mengnan was born in 1992 in Mangshan, Chenzhou. When she was six months old, she was found unable to speak. Three months later, she was diagnosed（诊断）with heavy loss of hearing in two ears and the doctors said they couldn’t cure her.
Since then, Jiang Mengnan’s world has been silent. Her parents, who are both teachers, didn’t want their lovely daughter to be a deafmute（聋哑人） all her life. In order to make the girl speak, they tried all possible ways. At last, they decided to teach her vocalization（发声）and lipreading（唇语）. In this way, Mengnan learned to understand others and even learned to talk with others, though it was a long and hard process.
With her great efforts, Jiang Mengnan finished her primary and secondary education smoothly. In 2011, she got into Jilin University and in 2018 she became a Doctor of School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University. She is so strong-willed and hard-working that she has changed her life completely.
Jiang Mengnan can’t be a doctor because of her hearing loss, but she wants to help people with illness, so she chose Pharmacy as her major（专业）. Though she is disabled, she has done what common people can’t do. Her story makes us believe the saying, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
49．When was Jiang Mengnan born
A．In 1990. B．In 1991. C．In 1992.
50．What does the underlined word “cure” probably mean in Chinese
A．关心 B．治愈 C．解决
51．What is Jiang Mengnan’s father
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．An engineer.
52．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Jiang Mengnan learnt vocalization and lipreading.
B．Jiang Mengnan was found unable to speak at the age of six.
C．In 2021 Jiang Mengnan got into Jilin University.
53．From the passage we know that Jiang Mengnan is________.
A．humorous, lovely and active
B．outgoing, smart and beautiful
C．helpful, hard-working and strong-willed
【答案】49．C 50．B 51．B 52．A 53．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了失去听力的江梦南的励志故事。
49．细节理解题。根据“Jiang Mengnan was born in 1992 in Mangshan,”可知，江梦南1992年出生于郴州。故选C。
50．词句猜测题。根据“she was diagnosed（诊断）with heavy loss of hearing in two ears and the doctors said they couldn’t cure her.”以及“Since then, Jiang Mengnan’s world has been silent.”可知，江梦南被诊断出两只耳朵严重失聪，最后她的世界变得很安静，所以此处是指无法治愈她，可推断出“cure”意为“治愈”。故选B。
51．细节理解题。根据“Her parents, who are both teachers,”可知，她的父亲是一名老师。故选B。
52．推理判断题。根据“In order to make the girl speak, they tried all possible ways. At last, they decided to teach her vocalization and lipreading. In this way, Mengnan learned to understand others and even learned to talk with others, though it was a long and hard process.”可推知，江梦南通过父母的教学，学习了发声和唇语。故选A。
53．细节理解题。根据“but she wants to help people with illness, so she chose Pharmacy as her major.”以及“She is so strong-willed and hard-working that she has changed her life completely.”可知，江梦南是一个乐于助人、勤奋、意志坚强的人。故选C。
13.（2022·山东聊城·统考中考真题）
Zhu Lihua is a 65-year-old blind massage therapist(推拿师) and a member of the CPC(中国共产党) for 28 years. She has helped over 100 blind people find jobs, donated(捐赠) 5.06 million yuan to hundreds of poor students and treated many patients over the past few years.
Zhu became blind when she was 18. At first, she was very sad. But in 1983, she heard the story of Zhang Haidi on the radio. Then Zhu became happy again and took part in the massage training for blind people in 1985. After three years of training, she began to work at a local orphanage(孤儿院). Zhu’s magic hands helped many children.
As a person living in Jiaxing city, Zhu has been influenced by the Red Boat spirit since she was a child. She joined the CPC in 1994. Driven by the Red Boat spirit, Zhu started a massage clinic(诊所) in 2008. It only trained blind people.
Where there are difficulties, there are helping hands from Zhu. In 2008, Zhu heard the news of the Wenchuan earthquake on TV and gave 100,000 yuan to the hard-hit area of the earthquake. And by now she has treated over 4,000 servicemen freely.
Three years ago, Zhu Lihua became the “Touching China 2019 Person of the Year”. All people said, “Although bad luck closed her door, Zhu opened a window of hope for others.”
54．What can we know about Zhu Lihua
A．She was blind when she was born.
B．She is an old member of the CPC．
C．She donated over 5 million yuan to poor workers.
D．She treated 100 blind patients over the past few years.
55．Zhu Lihua heard the story of Zhang Haidi ________.
A．on the radio B．on TV
C．in the orphanage D．in the clinic
56．What’s the right order of the following things Zhu did
① Zhu joined the CPC．
② Zhu started a massage clinic.
③ Zhu worked at a local orphanage.
④ Zhu took part in the massage training.
A．①③②④ B．②④③① C．④③①② D．③④①②
57．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A．the city of Jiaxing B．the massage clinic
C．the birth of the Red Boat spirit D．the Red Boat spirit’s influence on Zhu
58．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Zhu gave hope to many people.
B．Zhu treated many servicemen freely.
C．Only blind people were trained in the clinic.
D．No area of Wenchuan got help from Zhu in 2008.
【答案】54．B 55．A 56．C 57．D 58．D
【导语】本文介绍了感动中国的盲人推拿师朱丽华。
54．细节理解题。根据“Zhu Lihua is a 65-year-old blind massage therapist(推拿师) and a member of the CPC(中国共产党) for 28 years.”可知朱丽华是一个老共产党员。故选B。
55．细节理解题。根据“But in 1983, she heard the story of Zhang Haidi on the radio.”可知朱丽华是在广播上听说张海迪的故事的。故选A。
56．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then Zhu became happy again and took part in the massage training for blind people in 1985.”可知朱丽华1985年参加盲人推拿培训；根据第二段“After three years of training, she began to work at a local orphanage(孤儿院).”可知培训后三年，她开始在孤儿院工作；根据“She joined the CPC in 1994.”可知1994年朱丽华加入共产党；根据“Driven by the Red Boat spirit, Zhu started a massage clinic(诊所) in 2008.”可知2008年朱丽华开了诊所。正确顺序是④③①②。故选C。
57．主旨大意题。根据“Driven by the Red Boat spirit, Zhu started a massage clinic(诊所) in 2008.”可知第三段介绍朱丽华受到红船精神的鼓舞。故选D。
58．细节理解题。根据“In 2008, Zhu heard the news of the Wenchuan earthquake on TV and gave 100,000 yuan to the hard-hit area of the earthquake.”可知2008年，朱丽华在电视上听到了汶川地震的消息，并向地震重灾区捐款10万元。因此D选项“2008年，汶川没有一个地区得到朱的帮助。”描述错误。故选D。
14.（2022·山东东营·统考一模）
As a young girl growing up in China, Juliana Chen never imagined the success she would have as a performer. At her age of 10, she was chosen to attend the Hunan Academy for the Performing Arts. The Hunan Academy is one of China’s best schools for dancers, acrobats (杂技演员), and other kinds of performers.
Juliana first was trained in ballet. Then she studied juggling (杂耍) and acrobatics and joined a famous acrobatic troupe (剧团). But she met many difficulties, and injured her leg several times. While she was recovering (恢复) from one of her injuries, Juliana watched a magic show on television. That’s when Juliana knew she would become a magician.
Juliana impressed people with her special skill. Because of her acrobatic training, she was skilled with her body and her hands. It seemed that she could make some cards appear out of thin air. In 1986, Juliana won the All-China Best Magician competition.
After her success in China, Juliana wanted to bring her magic to the world. So in 1988 she moved to Canada. There, she became an even bigger star. Soon, she travelled around the world, learning new tricks and performing. In 1997, she became the first woman and the first magician from China to win 9 world title for a solo (单人的) act at the World Congress of Magicians. In 2021, she became a judge of The Amazing Magicians on Jiangsu TV. Now, Juliana continues teaching, performing, winning awards, and learning new magic tricks.
59．When Juliana Chen was ________, she studied at the Hunan Academy for the Performing Arts.
A．11 B．9 C．8 D．10
60．Juliana decided to become a magician after she ________.
A．found she disliked dancing B．visited an acrobat school
C．watched a magic show on TV. D．recovered from the injury
61．Juliana was good at controlling her body and hands because ________.
A．she was born with the ability of controlling body and hands
B．she had acrobatic training
C．she learned ballet
D．she injured her leg several times
62．Juliana won a prize at the World Congress of Magicians in ________.
A．1986 B．1988 C．1997 D．2021
63．According to the passage, we know ________.
A．Juliana was born in Canada B．Juliana hurt her leg while dancing
C．Juliana Juliana is still performing around the world D．Juliana was only famous in China
【答案】59．D 60．C 61．B 62．C 63．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了世界上第一位女性魔术师冠军Juliana Chen的成名经历及成就。
59．细节理解题。根据“At her age of 10, she was chosen to attend the Hunan Academy for the Performing Arts.”可知Juliana 10岁时就读于湖南演艺学院。故选D。
60．细节理解题。根据“While she was recovering from one of her injuries, Juliana watched a magic show on television. That’s when Juliana knew she would become a magician.”可知Juliana在电视上看了一场魔术表演后决定成为一名魔术师。故选C。
61．细节理解题。根据“Because of her acrobatic training, she was skilled with her body and her hands.”可知Juliana擅长控制自己的身体和手，因为她受过杂技训练。故选B。
62．细节理解题。根据“In 1997, she became the first woman and the first magician from China to win 9 world title for a solo act at the World Congress of Magicians.”可知1997年，Juliana在世界魔术师大会上获奖。故选C。
63．细节理解题。根据“After her success in China, Juliana wanted to bring her magic to the world. ... Now, Juliana continues teaching, performing, winning awards, and learning new magic tricks.”可知Juliana仍然在世界各地演出。故选C。
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2023届全国中考英语 阅读理解热点话题分类 ：
中外著名人物（原卷版）
一、阅读理解
1.（2022·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）
Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, died in Beijing at the age of 100 on June 17th, 2021.
Xu Yuanchong was born in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, in 1921. He began to translate some works during his college years. In 1939, as a freshman, he published an English translation of a poem as his earliest work. Since 1978, Xu has published more than 100 translated novels, anthologies（选集）, and plays.
Xu worked on translating for more than 70 years. He has tried his best to pass on the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry all his life. In his opinion, a translated work should be as beautiful as the original（原著）. Instead of directly translating words from one language to another, he made the translated words clear and enjoyable to readers. In 2014, Xu became the first Asian winner of the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature（北极光杰出文学翻译奖）, which is one of the world’s highest prizes.
Xu pursued（追求） the beauty of language all his life and his works have served as a cultural bridge linking the East with the West. His translations are so beautiful that English and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature（文学）. At the same time, Chinese readers can understand foreign works in the same way they would read novels and poems written in their mother tongue（母语）.
1．Xu’s earliest translation work is a(n) ________.
A．play B．novel C．anthology D．poem
2．Xu thinks a translated work is supposed to be _________ the original.
A．as beautiful as B．as famous as
C．less beautiful than D．more famous than
3．The underlined word “linking” probably means _________.
A．comparing B．connecting C．dividing D．mixing
4．Which is the best title for this passage
A．A China’s Famous Writer B．The Most Beautiful Poem
C．The World’s Highest Prize D．A Great Translator in China
2.（2022·湖北荆门·统考中考真题）
Yuan Longping, the “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, passed away in Changsha at the age of 91 on May 22, 2021. Yuan had spent his whole life doing research on rice. Now about one fifth of rice around the world comes from the hybrid rice he developed.
In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest University and began his special connection with rice. In the 1970s, he developed the hybrid rice that recorded a high yearly yield(年产量), 20% higher than traditional rice. That meant it could feed another 70 million people a year.
After helping China feed its population, Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered(遭受) famine all over the world. Since the 1980s, Yuan’s team has offered training courses in many countries. He was given the World Food Prize in 2004.
In 2017, he helped develop indica rice(籼稻) for areas where there is heavy metal pollution. During his lifetime, Yuan was always driven by his dream to better feed China and the world. For his great achievements, Yuan was given the Medal of the Republic, the highest honor in China, in 2019.
On hearing the news of his death, large crowds of people came to the hospital in Changsha to see him off, calling out words such as, “Grandpa Yuan, have a good journey!”
5．How old was Yuan when he went to Southwest University
A．19. B．30. C．49. D．70.
6．The underlined word “famine” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．污染 B．饥荒 C．战火 D．病毒
7．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To explain why people went to see him off. B．To encourage people to learn from the scientist.
C．To show people’s deep sadness for Yuan’s death. D．To call on people to remember the great scientist.
8．The passage may come from ________.
A．a diary B．a news report C．a storybook D．a travel magazine
3.（2022·山东潍坊·统考中考真题）
Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor.
“But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.
“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.” Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.
From then on, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other students went on holiday.
Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen to the second-highest medical officer in the British Army. Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful caesarean section（剖宫产）in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.
9．Who played the most important role in Margaret’s becoming a doctor
A．General Miranda. B．Her uncle James Barry.
C．A soldier in the British Army. D．A professor from Edinburgh University.
10．What does the underlined word disguise in paragraph 3 mean
A．Change one’s clothes. B．Dress like a doctor.
C．Change one’s appearance. D．Dress like a gentleman.
11．Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in his job
A．Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.
B．Graduating from the most famous medical university.
C．Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.
D．Doing the world’s first recorded caesarean section successfully.
12．What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years
A．James Barry left much money. B．Dr. James Barry was a woman.
C．Margaret died in her twenties. D．General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.
4.（2022·四川绵阳·统考中考真题）
At a snow park in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, Chinese teenage snowboarder Su Yiming won a silver in the men’s snowboarding competition on February 7. It was the first time that a Chinese snowboarder had ever competed in this event at any Olympics. Su was introduced to snowboarding at the age of 4 by his parents, who were both snowboarding fans. Su fell in love with the sport the first time they took him to a ski center. Later he kept on practicing after class. To save up more time for snowboarding, he would get up at 5 am and finish his homework early.
Su just saw snowboarding as a hobby in the beginning. However, on July 31, 2015 when he knew that Winter Olympics 2022 would be held in Beijing, his mind turned to professional（职业的）competition. He dreamed of joining in the Winter Olympics. And he decided to go professional.
In 2018 Su became a member of China’s national snowboarding team. In 2020 and 2021, he took home gold medals（奖牌）of all national competitions. In January 2021, he became the first Chinese man snowboarder to finish the Cab 1800—the most difficult snowboarding skill.
Behind his success is Su’s hard work. He has made full use of every chance to train more. Usually he arrived at the training center earlier than his teammates. In that way, he could practice more. He even broke several snowboards in one week because of heavy training.
After Su won his silver medal, his father Su Qun received an interview. He said that this would not be his son’s last Olympics and Su would do better in the future.
13．How did Su feel the first time he tried snowboarding
A．Disappointed. B．Interested. C．Worried. D．Moved.
14．Why did Su decide to go professional
A．His parents were snowboarding fans.
B．He could finish the most difficult skill.
C．He joined China’s national snowboarding team.
D．Winter Olympics 2022 would be held in Beijing.
15．When did Su become a national team member
A．In 2022. B．In 2020. C．In 2018. D．In 2015.
16．What is the key to Su’s success
A．Taking home gold medals. B．Training hard day and night.
C．Being the first to finish the Cab 1800. D．Getting much help from his teammates.
17．Which part is the text probably taken from in a magazine
A．Sport. B．Travel. C．Health. D．Science.
5.（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）
Poverty(贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary(普通的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than 1,800 students to universities and colleges.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield(产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capital income(人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties (县) and 128,000 villages which these people live in are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s.
18．What does the underlined word “convinced” mean in Paragraph 2
A．说服 B．允许 C．解释 D．提醒
19．What do you know about Mao Xianglin according to the text
A．He works as a teacher in the village. B．He encouraged the villagers to sell oranges.
C．He did two things to help the villagers. D．He led villagers to build a road with some tools.
20．What’s the right structure(结构) of the text （①=Paragraph 1)
A． B． C． D．
21．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph
A．To praise the spirit of model workers.
B．To show great achievements against poverty.
C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty.
D．To describe the experiences of lighting against poverty.
22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．The teacher helped the poor areas out of poverty by giving materials.
B．The per capital income in the village was more than￥500 in the 1990s.
C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past.
D．Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years.
6.（2022·四川广安·统考中考真题）
Nightingale was the world’s first great nurse. She was born in a rich family in 1820, in Florence, Italy. She could have lived an easy, comfortable life. But instead, she chose to work hard and care for the sick. Because she is one of the world’s greatest nurses, every year on her birthday, May 12, people celebrate International Nurses’ Day to remember the love and help that she gave to so many people.
When she was 24, she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse. But they didn’t like the idea. The family had lots of money, so they thought it would be better if she didn’t work. Nurses were not very well respected at that time. But Nightingale went on with her dream. She went to Germany to learn to be a nurse. There were no nursing schools at that time. She had to learn by practising. During a war in 1854, Nightingale and a team of 38 nurses from England went to care for soldiers near Turkey. She made the hospitals much cleaner there. At night, she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp(灯) with her, and soldiers began to call her “The Lady with the Lamp”. In 1860, after the war, Nightingale opened the first nursing school. She also worked to make hospitals better and make rules for nurses. She died in 1910 in London, England at the age of 90. Nightingale’s birthday became International Nurses’ Day in 1974.
23．Nightingale was ________.
A．an American B．a Canadian C．an Italian D．a German
24．When did Nightingale begin to want to be a nurse
A．At the age of 24. B．When she was still a little girl.
C．Since she was born. D．After she went to England.
25．What problems did Nightingale have before 1854
A．Her parents didn’t want her to be a nurse. B．There were no nursing schools at that time.
C．She didn’t have enough money. D．Both A and B．
26．When did Nightingale’s birthday become International Nurse’ Day
A．In 1820. B．In 1854. C．In 1860. D．In 1974.
27．What did the soldiers mean by calling Nightingale “The Lady with the Lamp”
A．She sold lamps. B．She could bring hope to others.
C．She lent lamps to others. D．She loved the lamp.
7.（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）
The Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period was an age of great culture development in China. Here are some great characters of that time.
Shang Yang reformed many fields. Before the reform, he placed a log（原木）at the gate and promised, “If someone can move the log, he will get a reward.” No one believed him until someone moved the log, Shang Yang really gave him a reward.
Do you know Lu Ban lock It is a removable toy. Lu Ban made it for his son. His son studied all night before opening it. He also invented many tools and weapons（武器）.
Li Bing was an expert in water projects. He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people.
Once, an official fell unconscious（昏迷的）. Everyone thought he was dead except Bian Que. Bian Que felt his weak pulse and said. “He will wake up in three days.” Two days later, the official woke up. Everyone was amazed.
When Bo Ya played, even the horses looked up, listened to his music and stopped eating. Bo Ya’s friend, Zhong Ziqi, understood his music. They liked each other. After Ziqi died, Bo Ya broke his guqin and never played it any more.
28．Why did Shang Yang make a promise before the reform A．To give people a reward. B．To sell the log at the market.
C．To fix the gate of the building. D．To make people believe him.
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article
A．Lu Ban was an ancient inventor. B．Zhong Ziqi was good at playing guqin.
C．Li Bing was an expert in building houses. D．Bian Que once made a dead person back to life.
30．What’s the main theme（主题）of the article above
A．Famous people. B．Chinese medicine. C．Traditional music. D．Important inventions.
8.（2022·河南南阳·统考一模）
Once, there was a young man who expected to be successful badly. One day, he visited Socrates, the great and successful Greek philosopher (哲学家), and asked the man about the secret to success. He hoped that this man, who he respected (尊敬) a lot, could show him something useful and helpful. After knowing the young man’s purpose, Socrates decided to do something to calm (使平静) him down first. Looking at the worried young man in silence for a while, Socrates told the young man to meet him near the river outside the city the next morning. Dare not ask Socrates why, the puzzled young man left.
The next day, the young man came early and waited. When the great man arrived, he asked the young man to walk with him toward the river together. They walked side by side in the river. Though the young man was still puzzled (困惑的), he followed. When the water got up to their necks, Socrates took the young man by surprise and ducked him into the water all of a sudden. The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue.
After pulling his head out of the water, the first thing the young man did was to take a deep breath of the air. Waiting for a while, when seeing the young man calm down, Socrates asked slowly, “Now please tell me. What did you want most when you were in the water ” The man replied, “Air.” Hearing the young man’s answer, Socrates said, “Now, you see, that is the secret to success. Only when you want something as badly as you wanted the air just now in the water, will you get it!”
Sometimes we are always so eager (渴望的) to be successful that we can’t make ourselves understand what we really need. So, learn your situation to get to know what you want most and try your best, and then you may get it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
31．What does the underlined word “ducked” mean in Chinese according to the text
A．使游走 B．把……按进水里 C．挣扎 D．包装
32．What did they do in the water
A．Socrates stood in the water with the young man side by side for long.
B．Socrates put the young man’s head into the water for long.
C．Socrates walked with the young man in the water for long.
D．Socrates swam and talked with the young man for long.
33．How did Socrates make the young man get his idea
A．By telling the way to success. B．By giving the young man some useful suggestions.
C．By giving a special lesson to the young man. D．By giving the young man lots of money and things.
34．Which word can best describe Socrates according to the text
A．Wise. B．Strict. C．Humorous. D．Kind.
35．According to the story, how can we achieve success
A．By trying to make as much money as we could.
B．By talking with a great man and getting his secret to success.
C．By letting Socrates put the head into the water.
D．By finding out what we want and do our best.
9.（2022·广西河池·统考中考真题）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。
Su Bingtian ran into the record books at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games on August 1. He became the first Chinese to enter the men’s 100m final (决赛) at the Olympics. And with 9.83 seconds in the 100m semi-final (半决赛), he set a new Asian record.
Although he finished sixth, Su recorded a time of 9.98 seconds in the final, 0.18 seconds behind the winner Lamont Marcell Jacobs of Italy, who clocked 9.80 seconds. “Actually, I am very happy to run under 10 seconds twice in such a short time. Making it into the finals, I have already given all I have,” Su said after the race.
The last Chinese track-and-field athlete (田径运动员) to make history at the Olympics was Liu Xiang. Liu won a gold medal in the men’s 110m hurdles (跨栏赛) in Athens in 2004 and brought China its first Olympic gold medal in a men’s track-and-field event.
“If it wasn’t for Liu Xiang’s achievement, we’d never have thought that an Asian would step on the Olympic track-and-field final and even win the race,” Su said. “I hope my sixth place at the Olympic final will encourage more Chinese athletes to go forward.”
36．Su’s Bingtian became the ________ Chinese to enter the men’s 100m final at the Olympics.
A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
37．Su finished sixth in the final and it’s just ________ seconds behind the winner.
A．0.15 B．0.18 C．9.83 D．9.98
38．Su was very _________ to run under 10 seconds twice in such a short time.
A．tired B．bored C．worried D．glad
39．________ brought China its first Olympic gold medal in a men’s track-and-field event.
A．Lin Dan B．Ma Long C．Liu Xiang D．Su Bingtian
40．People mostly think that ________ seldom steps on the Olympic track-and-field final.
A．an Asian B．a European C．an American D．an African
10.（2022·江苏常州·统考中考真题）
The Beijing 2022 Olympics was the most gender-balanced (性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in history, with more than 1,300 female athletes — a record number — competing at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all athletes. Here are some female athletes whose achievements in Beijing amazed the world.
Team China’s teenage hero Gu Ailing, 18, is the youngest athlete to win three medals at a Winter Olympics. The freeski player won two gold medals and a silver in three events.
Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps (四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics. No other woman has ever finished five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
British women’s curling (冰壶) team won the country’s only gold medal by having a 10-3 win against Japan on the last day of the Beijing Winter Olympics. This was also the country’s first curling gold after 2002.
Almida de Val, a 24-year-old Swedish IT engineer, together with her teammate, took the third place in curling mixed doubles. She took a leave from her company to take part in the Olympics.
41．How many athletes took part in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Games A．Around 1,300. B．Around 1,580. C．Around 2,880. D．Around 4,460.
42．Who took a silver medal in the competition
A．Gu Ailing. B．British women’s curling team.
C．Almida de Val. D．Almida de Val’s teammate.
43．What do we know about Alexandra Trusova
A．She is the youngest athlete in the 2022 Olympic Games.
B．She took the first place in the Beijing Winter Olympics.
C．She worked as an IT engineer before becoming a skating player.
D．She is the first female to complete five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
11.（2022·广东·统考中考真题）
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure（探险）in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples（样本）from the places far away to do research. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach——only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists how plants live in extreme（极端的）conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me, what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
44．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．Jerry’s friends. B．Jerry’s achievements. C．High mountains. D．A geography magazine.
45．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Satisfied. B．Lonely. C．Patient. D．Worried.
46．Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures
A．To make friends. B．To help scientists. C．To study plants. D．To train scientists.
47．Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures had changed ________.
A．their hobbies B．their friendship C．their understanding of life D．their living conditions
48．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Dangerous Mountains Climbing. B．Important Scientific Discoveries.
C．Plants Found on High Mountains. D．Adventures Turned into Something Greater.
12.（2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）
Jiang Mengnan, a girl from Chenzhou, Hunan, received the Touching China Person of the Year Award for 2021.
Jiang Mengnan was born in 1992 in Mangshan, Chenzhou. When she was six months old, she was found unable to speak. Three months later, she was diagnosed（诊断）with heavy loss of hearing in two ears and the doctors said they couldn’t cure her.
Since then, Jiang Mengnan’s world has been silent. Her parents, who are both teachers, didn’t want their lovely daughter to be a deafmute（聋哑人） all her life. In order to make the girl speak, they tried all possible ways. At last, they decided to teach her vocalization（发声）and lipreading（唇语）. In this way, Mengnan learned to understand others and even learned to talk with others, though it was a long and hard process.
With her great efforts, Jiang Mengnan finished her primary and secondary education smoothly. In 2011, she got into Jilin University and in 2018 she became a Doctor of School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University. She is so strong-willed and hard-working that she has changed her life completely.
Jiang Mengnan can’t be a doctor because of her hearing loss, but she wants to help people with illness, so she chose Pharmacy as her major（专业）. Though she is disabled, she has done what common people can’t do. Her story makes us believe the saying, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
49．When was Jiang Mengnan born
A．In 1990. B．In 1991. C．In 1992.
50．What does the underlined word “cure” probably mean in Chinese
A．关心 B．治愈 C．解决
51．What is Jiang Mengnan’s father
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．An engineer.
52．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Jiang Mengnan learnt vocalization and lipreading.
B．Jiang Mengnan was found unable to speak at the age of six.
C．In 2021 Jiang Mengnan got into Jilin University.
53．From the passage we know that Jiang Mengnan is________.
A．humorous, lovely and active
B．outgoing, smart and beautiful
C．helpful, hard-working and strong-willed
13.（2022·山东聊城·统考中考真题）
Zhu Lihua is a 65-year-old blind massage therapist(推拿师) and a member of the CPC(中国共产党) for 28 years. She has helped over 100 blind people find jobs, donated(捐赠) 5.06 million yuan to hundreds of poor students and treated many patients over the past few years.
Zhu became blind when she was 18. At first, she was very sad. But in 1983, she heard the story of Zhang Haidi on the radio. Then Zhu became happy again and took part in the massage training for blind people in 1985. After three years of training, she began to work at a local orphanage(孤儿院). Zhu’s magic hands helped many children.
As a person living in Jiaxing city, Zhu has been influenced by the Red Boat spirit since she was a child. She joined the CPC in 1994. Driven by the Red Boat spirit, Zhu started a massage clinic(诊所) in 2008. It only trained blind people.
Where there are difficulties, there are helping hands from Zhu. In 2008, Zhu heard the news of the Wenchuan earthquake on TV and gave 100,000 yuan to the hard-hit area of the earthquake. And by now she has treated over 4,000 servicemen freely.
Three years ago, Zhu Lihua became the “Touching China 2019 Person of the Year”. All people said, “Although bad luck closed her door, Zhu opened a window of hope for others.”
54．What can we know about Zhu Lihua
A．She was blind when she was born.
B．She is an old member of the CPC．
C．She donated over 5 million yuan to poor workers.
D．She treated 100 blind patients over the past few years.
55．Zhu Lihua heard the story of Zhang Haidi ________.
A．on the radio B．on TV
C．in the orphanage D．in the clinic
56．What’s the right order of the following things Zhu did
① Zhu joined the CPC．
② Zhu started a massage clinic.
③ Zhu worked at a local orphanage.
④ Zhu took part in the massage training.
A．①③②④ B．②④③① C．④③①② D．③④①②
57．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A．the city of Jiaxing B．the massage clinic
C．the birth of the Red Boat spirit D．the Red Boat spirit’s influence on Zhu
58．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Zhu gave hope to many people.
B．Zhu treated many servicemen freely.
C．Only blind people were trained in the clinic.
D．No area of Wenchuan got help from Zhu in 2008.
14.（2022·山东东营·统考一模）
As a young girl growing up in China, Juliana Chen never imagined the success she would have as a performer. At her age of 10, she was chosen to attend the Hunan Academy for the Performing Arts. The Hunan Academy is one of China’s best schools for dancers, acrobats (杂技演员), and other kinds of performers.
Juliana first was trained in ballet. Then she studied juggling (杂耍) and acrobatics and joined a famous acrobatic troupe (剧团). But she met many difficulties, and injured her leg several times. While she was recovering (恢复) from one of her injuries, Juliana watched a magic show on television. That’s when Juliana knew she would become a magician.
Juliana impressed people with her special skill. Because of her acrobatic training, she was skilled with her body and her hands. It seemed that she could make some cards appear out of thin air. In 1986, Juliana won the All-China Best Magician competition.
After her success in China, Juliana wanted to bring her magic to the world. So in 1988 she moved to Canada. There, she became an even bigger star. Soon, she travelled around the world, learning new tricks and performing. In 1997, she became the first woman and the first magician from China to win 9 world title for a solo (单人的) act at the World Congress of Magicians. In 2021, she became a judge of The Amazing Magicians on Jiangsu TV. Now, Juliana continues teaching, performing, winning awards, and learning new magic tricks.
59．When Juliana Chen was ________, she studied at the Hunan Academy for the Performing Arts.
A．11 B．9 C．8 D．10
60．Juliana decided to become a magician after she ________.
A．found she disliked dancing B．visited an acrobat school
C．watched a magic show on TV. D．recovered from the injury
61．Juliana was good at controlling her body and hands because ________.
A．she was born with the ability of controlling body and hands
B．she had acrobatic training
C．she learned ballet
D．she injured her leg several times
62．Juliana won a prize at the World Congress of Magicians in ________.
A．1986 B．1988 C．1997 D．2021
63．According to the passage, we know ________.
A．Juliana was born in Canada B．Juliana hurt her leg while dancing
C．Juliana Juliana is still performing around the world D．Juliana was only famous in China
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