Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading for Writing
一、填空
1.It is no use making________ (argue) with him about the question for he won’t change his mind. （所给词的适当形式填空）
2.Faced with this phenomenon, we must take some measures to deal with it; otherwise, it will result___________ great losses in the future. (用适当的词填空)
3.He made a strong________(argue) against accepting the offer. （所给词的适当形式填空）
4.There is a ________ (regularly) bus service to the airport. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5.Whether you are ___________ or against my plan, you must let me know.
6.What are you going to provide them ____________, financial assistance or mental support
7.Didn't you notice that all his attention was ____________ the research into the cure for cancer
8.___________(see) you live a better life made me relieved.
9.As you know, China’s 5G technology has been _____________(wide) accepted in most of the countries in the world.
10.You shouldn't have wasted so much money ____________(repair) the old machines.
11.I wonder what they are arguing __________ with each other.
12.Do you think that their fight ___________ the floods is effective
13.Although he has sought to find a solution ___________ their argument, he is facing pressure.
14.Geoff didn't study law. ______________ he decided to become an actor.
15.His ____________ remarks showed his ____________ in space exploration. (shallow, close)
二、阅读理解
A newly discovered planet looks just right for life as we know it, according to an international group of astronomers. Orbiting a star about 500 light-years away, the planet called Kepler-186f is about the same size as Earth. It orbits its star at the right distance for liquid water on the surface. That is a necessary condition for life as we know it.
But it is not exactly like Earth, NASA planetary scientist Elisa Quintana said. "It's more of an Earth's cousin. It's not an Earth's twin. It shares the same characteristics as Earth, but their parent stars are very different," said Quintana.
Kepler-186f orbits a star that is smaller and cooler than our sun. But, writing in the journal Science, the astronomers say the planet appears to be a closer relative than most of the hundreds of others discovered so far. Some are massive gas-covered giants with thick, crushing atmospheres. Others orbit too close to their stars and are too hot for life.
Two planets discovered last year are in the right orbit and might be good candidates for life, Quintana says, but they are a bit bigger than Earth. "For the first time, we can actually say we now have a planet that is both Earth-sized and orbits in its star's habitable zone," she said.
It may be the first time, but it probably is not the last, says Massachusetts Institute of Technology astrophysicist Sara Seager. "We've been waiting decades to understand how common habitable planets might be, and it's looking like they're really common. And this gives us excitement and motivation to take the next step," said Seager.
The next step would be to look for signs of life in the atmospheres of these distant worlds. That would take a more sophisticated (高端的；复杂的) space telescope. But budget cuts threaten that mission, says University of California at Los Angeles astrophysicist Ben Zuckerman, "In principle, we could do this in the next few decades. But in practice, because there's no money, it's not gonna happen. It's not gonna happen in my lifetime, for example."
Leaving earthbound concerns behind, NASA's Elisa Quintana believes that when the next-generation space telescope is launched, it will find that we are not alone in the universe.
16.What does the underlined word "That" (Paragraph 1) refer to________
A. The right distance. B. Liquid water.
C. The right size. D. A star.
17.According to Elisa Quintana, Kepler-186f ________
A. is more of an Earth's cousin than an Earth's twin
B. has a lot in common with Earth, including their parent stars
C. is a lot bigger than Earth
D. is smaller and cooler than our sun
18.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A. Where there is water, there is life
B. A planet exactly like Earth found
C. Life discovered on Kepler-186f
D. New Earth-size planet found
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the. shape of an ellipse(椭圆).
Now Halley set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley. The different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction(预言) of what the comet would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it for he has died some years before. Ever since then that comet has been called Halley's cornet, in his honour.
19.Halley made his discovery _________.
A.by doing experiments B.by means of his own careful observation
C.by using the work of other scientists D.by chance
20.Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year ________.
A.1704 B.1705 C.1706 D.1707
21.This passage in general is about __________.
A.Halley and other scientists B.the orbit of a comet
C.Newton and Halley D.Halley and his discovery
22.Which of the following is TRUE
A.Newton was a famous mathematician.
B.Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C.Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
D.The orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.
答案以及解析
1.答案：argument
解析：考查名词。句意：和他争论这个问题是没有用的，因为他不会改变主意。作宾语应用名词argument，短语 make argument with表示“争论”。故填argument。
2.答案：in
解析：考查介词，句意：面对这一现象，我们必须采取一些措施来应对；否则，未来将造成巨大损失，result in（造成）符合句意，故填in.
3.答案：argument
解析：句意为：他强烈反对，拒不接受此提案：冠词a及形容词 strong 之后应接argue的名词形式。故填argument。
4.答案：regular
解析：考查形容词。句意：有定期的公共汽车开往机场，空格处用形容词regular作定语，修饰名词“bus service”，regular意为"定期的"，故填regular。
5.答案：for
6.答案：with
7.答案：on
8.答案：Seeing
9.答案：widely
10.答案：repairing
11.答案：about/over
12.答案：against
13.答案：to
14.答案：Instead
15.答案：closing,shallowness
16.答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段最后两句“It orbits its star at the right distance for liquid water on the surface. That is a necessary condition for life as we know it.（它围绕恒星运行的轨道距离正好适合地表的液态水。那正是我们所知道的生命的必要条件)”可知，That指代前一句中的“liquid water”。故选B。
17.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It's more of an Earth's cousin. It's not an Earth's twin.(它更像是地球的表亲，它不是地球的孪生兄弟）”可知，与其说Kepler-l86f是地球的孪生兄弟，不如说是地球的表亲。故选A。
18.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“Orbiting a star about 500 light-years away, the planet called Kepler-186f is about the same size as Earth.（这颗名为开普勒-186f的行星围绕着500光年外的一颗恒星运行，其大小与地球大致相同”及后文内容可知，文章主要讲述的就是这颗与地球相似的行星。因此“New Earth-size planet found(新发现的类地行星）”适合作为本文标题。故选D。
19.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文中第三段的信息“He made a surprising discovery”可知哈雷的这个发现纯属偶然,故选D项。
20.答案：B
解析：数字计算题。末段中的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years lo gobefore Halley’s prediction could be tested.”告诉我们,他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年,而这个预言还要过53年才能验证,由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年,故B项正确。
21.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。综观全文不难看出,文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的发现,故选D项。
22.答案：A
解析：综合判断题。从文章首句可以看出C项错误;从第二题的分析中可知B项也错误;牛顿告诉哈雷替星的轨道是椭圆形的,可排除D。正确答案为A项。
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