Unit1 Developing ideas and Presenting ideas能力提升练
一、阅读理解
（2019山东淄博部分学校高二下学期末）
Think back to when you were in a classroom and the teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following answers is closer to the way you reacted A: Oh no, this is too hard for me. I'm not even going to seriously try. B: Ah, this is quite difficult, but I like to push myself. Even if I don’t get the right answer, maybe I’ll learn something in the attempt.
The psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of children problems that were slightly too hard. One group reacted positively said they loved to challenge and understood that their abilities could be developed. She said they had a ‘growth mindset’. But another group felt that their intelligence was being judged and they had failed They had a' fixed mindset' and were unable to imagine improving.
Professor Dweck comes to a conclusion that, for ears, children have been praised for their intelligence They want to please by getting high grades, without interest in learning. The solution is to praise the process that children are engaged in: making an effort, using learning methods and improving. This way they will become better and achieve more.
Psychologists have been testing these theories Students were taught that if they left their comfort zone and learned something new and difficult, they would be more intelligent These students made faster progress than a control group. In another study unsuccessful school children were exposed to the growth mindset technique for a year. The results were astonishing. They came tops in a regional test beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of being stupid, but they came to see it as the key to learning.
So, back to our original question, if you answered B, well done-you already have a growth mindset. If A, don't worry; everyone is capable of becoming better with a little effort and self-awareness.
1. The author mentions the two answers at the
beginning to _______ .
A. give an example
B. teach how to react
C. draw a conclusion
D. introduce the topic
2. Which aspect should be praised according to Professor Dweck
A. Talent.
B. High grades.
C. Hard-working.
D. Achievements.
3. What makes the students with the fixed mindset fail
A. Lacking imagination.
B. Negative attitudes.
C. Poor judgment.
D. Low intelligence.
4. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. Making an effort.
B. The regional test.
C. The background.
D. The comfort zone.
二、七选五
（2020河北保定重点中学高二上月考）
Homework is made up of out-of-class activities and at-home activities teachers assign to students It can include practice assignments that emphasize newly acquired skills. (1) [__] Projects that have to be worked on in agreement with schoolwork also form a part of homework.
(2) [__] For example, to complete their homework in time. children start dividing their time into studying and playing, thus learning to complete their scheduled tasks within the time they have. They learn to do things on their own. They manage their time and complete their work independently.
Homework can also help build up children’s confidence. (3) [__] And those positive remarks can help develop students' confidence and encourage them to keep up with their good work.
In addition, homework gives students a chance to learn from their mistakes and overcome their weaknesses. It provides them with a platform to express what they know or have newly found, and exhibit their talents. (4) [__] These help them improve their academic results.
However to be as beneficial to students as possible, homework should be assigned properly. The amount and difficulty level of homework assignments should match the ages and abilities of students. (5) [__] Homework proves to be beneficial only if it does not put students under stress or pressure.
A. Otherwise. it will become punishment.
B. Homework can benefit students in many ways.
C. Teachers give comments on the work that students do.
D. It also gives students the practice of whatever they learn in school.
E. Completing homework requires planning, organizing and acting upon it.
F. Students can gain a sense of accomplishment after completing homework.
G. It can be preparation assignments to make students ready for class activities.
三、读后续写
（2019“温州十五校联合体”期末联考）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Desiree，a 4-year-old girl，was sobbing quietly over her father. Ken who had died nine months earlier. She was hugging a photograph of her father with her fingers running around his face. "Daddy she said softly，why won't you come back？
Instead of gradually adjusting to her father's death，Desiree refused to accept it. Daddy will be home soon "shed tell her mother." He's at work When she played with her toy telephone，she pretended she was chatting with her father. "I miss you，Daddy，she'd say，When will you come back？"Desiree's situation made her mother worried .
Days later，it was Kens birthday. How will I send him a card？Desiree asked her mother. How about if we tie a letter to a balloon, said her mother，and send it up to the heavens？Desiree eyes immediately lit up.
Her mother took her to a store and Desiree picked out a balloon with HAPPY BIRTHDAY above a drawing of The Little mermaid（《小美人鱼》）Desiree and her father had often watched it. The child’s eyes shone as they were on the way to Kens grave. Then Desiree dictated a letter to her dad "Tell him，Happy birthday，I love you and miss you she rattled off（脱口而出）.“I hope you get this and can write to me on my birthday in January.’”
Her mother wrote the message and their address on a small piece of paper，which was then wrapped in plastic and tied to the end of the string on the balloon Finally，Desiree released the balloon. For almost an hour，they watched the shining spot of silver grow smaller and smaller till it disappeared. "Now Dads going to write back to me，Desiree declared confidently.
Every day since they’d released the balloon Desiree had asked her mother. “Do you think Daddy has my balloon yet ” Several weeks passed, and she stopped asking.
Paragraph 1:
One day, 3, 000 miles away, Wade was on a duck hunt when suddenly something in the bush caught his eye.
Paragraph 2:
Desiree's fifth birthday came and later in the afternoon, a package arrived.
参考答案：
一、语篇解读：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成长型思维模式与固定型思维模式在同学们学习过程中的表现、背后的心理因素以及培养学生养成成长型思维模式的方法。心理学家通过实验的方法也确定通过成长型思维模式训练，学生进步会很快、很明显。
1.D 推理判断题。由文章结构可知，文章开始涉及两种回答方式是让读者能够直观地感受到什么是成长型思维模式以及什么是固定型思维模式。也就是说为了介绍本文话题。故选D。
2.C 细节理解题。由第三段中的 The solution is to praise the process that children are engaged in：making an effort，using learning methods and improving可知，解决孩子们害怕失败的问题的方法是表扬他们参与的过程，例如很努力，使用了学到的方法和有进步等。也就是说应该表扬孩子的努力。故选C。
3.B 推理判断题。由第四段中的最后两句话可知，有固定型思维的人认为他们的智力正在被考验，并且他们已经失败了，他们有固定型思维并且无法想象进步并且由第四段中的研究可知，学业不好的学生经过一年成长型思维的培训后，结果是惊人的，也就是说不是学生的能力不行，而是他们的消极的思维方式使得他们学习成绩不好。故选B。
4.A 推理判断题。画线词“it”所在句子中的“but”前后是两个并列的分句，前一分句意思为：这些小孩之前认为努力是傻的标志，后一分句中 they came to see说明的是现在的情况，即：现在他们把努力看作是学习的关键。所以i指代的是making an effort（努力）。故选A。
二、语篇解读：这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了家庭作业给学生带来的益处：锻炼学生的时间管理能力，老师的积极评价帮助学生树立自信等等。同时也指出家庭作业应当适当布置，否则就会变成一种惩罚。
1.G根据上文 Homework is made up of out-of-class activities and at-home activities teachers assign to students. It can include practice assignments that emphasize newly acquired skills可知，家庭作业由课外活动和教师分配给学生的家庭活动组成，它可以包括巩固新获得的技能的实践作业；根据下文 Projects that have to be worked on in agreement with schoolwork also form a part of homework可知，家庭作业也包括与学校作业相关的活动。由此可推断此处也应介绍家庭作业的类型。上文中的 assignments可对应到G项中的 assignments，G项（它可以是准备作业，使学生
为课堂活动做好准备。）符合文意，故选G。
2.B本句位于段首，有总领全段的作用。后文介绍了家庭作业给学生带来的好处，如锻炼学生管理时间的能力和独立完成任务的能力，因此B项（家庭作业可以在多方面使学生受益。）符合文意。故选B。
3.C根据后文 And those positive remarks can help develop students' confidence and encourage them to keep up with their good work可知那些积极的评价有助于培养学生的自信心，并鼓励他们继续他们良好的表现。那些积极的评价就是指老师给学生的评价，对应C选项（老师对学生做的作业给出评价。）。下文中 remarks对应到C选项中的 comments，指老师对学生做的作业给出的评价，上下文连贯通顺，故选C。
4.D根据本段第一句可知此段讲的是家庭作业使学生从错误中吸取教训并克服缺点。根据前文 It provides them with a platform to express what they know or have newly found，and exhibit their talents.可知家庭作业给他们提供了一个平台，表达他们知道或新发现的东西，展示他们的才华。D项与上文都是让学生在犯错中学习的方式。D项中的 It also gives与上文中的 It provides相呼应，且D项（它也让学生练习他们在学校学到的东西。）与上一句共同构成下文 These所指的内
容。因此D项符合文意，故选D。
5.A根据上文 The amount and difficulty level of homework assignments should match the ages and abilities of students.可知，家庭作业的数量和困难度应该与学生的年龄和能力相匹配故可推测下文是指如果不匹配，家庭作业就会成为惩罚。故选A。
三、One possible version
Paragraph 1:
One day, 3, 000 miles away, Wade was on a duck hunt when suddenly something in the bush caught his eye. Curiously, he approached the bush and found a silver balloon, with a piece of paper at the end of the string, wrapped in plastic. Taking it home Wade read the touching lines to his wife donna. she was deeply moved. With tears in her eyes, Donna decided to help Desiree The couple went to buy a birthday card and a book of the little Mermaid, and then she began to write a letter to Desiree.
Paragraph 2:
Desiree's fifth birthday came and later in the afternoon, a package arrived. Looking at the unfamiliar return address Desiree's mother was confused. Suddenly an idea struck her: the balloon! She opened the parcel and found a card with "For a Dear Daughter. Her heart raced. She rushed to Desiree's room and showed her the letter. It's from Daddy! Desiree jumped with joy, asking her mother to read it for her. "Happy birthday, my little angel...’” Her mother began. a big tear began to trickle down Desiree's cheek.
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