2022-2023学年高三上学期期末联考（线上）
英语
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)略
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ticket Information
Due to extremely high demand, tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic are drawn exclusively on the Vienna Philharmonic website. In this way, people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets.
Application Period: February 1-28, 2023
During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. The first step toward making an application for tickets is to register for the drawing. The registration is separate from your user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing. Users can enter their ticket preferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period.
Price Categories
The number of tickets for the New Year’s Concert is limited to two, and the number of tickets for the Preview Performance and New Year’s Eve Concert can be up to four. The ticket prices range between 35 ? and 1200 ? for the New Year’s Concert, 25 ? and 860 ? for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20 ? and 495 ? for the Preview Performance. If you wish to change your application, you may only do so during the application period. In March, you will know the results of the drawing.
When Should I Apply
Within the one-month application period, the actual time of application is irrelevant. An application made on February 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28. The only way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing! Requests submitted through the postal system, by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered!
1. Who could be most interested in this information
A．A website designer. B．A painting lover.
C．A music fan. D．A tourist guide.
2. What do you have to do to get tickets
A．Apply one month in advance. B．Participate in the drawing.
C．Send e-mails to the webshop. D．Use the same name as the user account.
3. How much must you pay at least for two tickets for the Preview Performance
A．70?. B．25?. C．50?. D．40?.
B
Every language and culture has curse words(脏话). What gives a curse word its power is partly its meaning and partly its sound. “In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive sounds—including P, T and K, ”said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London.
Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what’s called sound symbolism. Sound symbolism is when a word sounds like what it means.
The researchers first asked fluent speakers of Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Korean and Russian to list the most vulgar(粗俗的) words they could think of. Once they’d made a list of each language’s most frequently used curse words, the researchers compared these with neutral words from the same language. In these languages, they didn’t find the plosive sounds that seem common in English curse words. “Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y, ”Dr. Lev-Ari said.
Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn’t speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive. In reality, all the words were invented. For example, the researchers started with the Albanian word “zog, ” for “bird, ”and created the pair of fake words “yog" and “tsog. ”Participants were more likely to guess that words without approximants, such as “tsog, ” were curses.
Finally, the researchers combed through the dictionary for English curse words and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the clean versions included more of the sounds I, L, R, W and Y.
A 20th-century linguistic(语言学的)principle claimed that the sounds of words were arbitrary: Any word could have any meaning. With curse words, though, as in other cases of sound symbolism, “the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning, ”said Lev-Ari. “That’s a new thing, ”said linguist Benjamin Bergen. “Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly. ”He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn’t an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages.；
4. What is the purpose of McKay and Lev-Ari’s research
A．To analyze a phenomenon. B．To confirm an assumption.
C．To explain a definition. D．To challenge a theory.；
5. What were the participants asked to do in the second part of the research
A．To decide which curse words are used more frequently.
B．To make up new curse words from real words.
C．To guess a word’s offensiveness according to its sound.
D．To identify the approximants in curse words.；
6. According to Lev-Ari, which of the four is likely to sound offensive
A．tusck B．sola C．darn D．biach；
7. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The old linguistic principle of sounds and meanings is wrong.
B．In sound symbolism, a word’s sound represents its meaning.
C．The research reveals the similarities between different languages.
D．The result of the research is not fully accepted by scientists.
C
Teenagers around the world are familiar with the great pain of boredom. And every parent is familiar with the sounds of groaning (咕哝的) kids, sulking (生闷气) in their room or pacing aimlessly around the house. But sometimes, it’s this very sense of boredom that can inspire creativity and create fast-growing trends.
This is true for pickleball (匹克球), now a popular sport in the West. According to the Mental Floss website, the sport was invented in the summer of 1965. At that time, Frank Pritchard, 13, had nothing to do in his family’s summer home in Washington, US. After complaining loudly, his father, Joel, suggested he make up a game. When Frank replied “Why don’t you ” his father gladly took up the challenge. Thus, pickleball was born.
Certain parts of tennis, badminton and ping-pong can be seen from pickleball. It’s a bat game played on a badminton-sized court with what looks like a wiffle ball (威浮球) over a low net. Only the serving team can score points, and all serves must be made with an underhand stroke (击球).
The popularity of pickleball has grown steadily over the last decade. According to Mental Floss, the number of pickleball courts has grown by an estimated 385 percent worldwide since 2010. One reason for its popularity is that it’s “a sport for everyone”. Anyone can play pickleball because it’s relatively easy to pick up. There are simple rules, and all people need is a couple of bats and a ball, which is affordable and accessible to all, Plus, pickleball is a sport centered around fun and friendship. The game lasts as short as 15 minutes, which means less running and stress for players.
Pritchard said that the game’s rapid rise in popularity was amazing, especially considering that a bad-tempered kid “inspired a sports craze by making a stink (吵闹) about being bored one afternoon 56 years ago”.；
8. What do we know about pickleball, according to the passage
A．It was invented accidentally by a young boy.
B．It is a game suitable for family gatherings.
C．It combines elements from several ball games.
D．The game’s judges come from a serving team.；
9. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．Why pickleball has become so well received.
B．What equipment pickleball players need.
C．How significant pickleball is to the world.
D．What rules must be obeyed in pickleball.；
10. What did Pritchard think of the popularity of pickleball
A．Unexpected. B．Reasonable. C．Natural. D．Awkward.；
11. Why does the author write the passage
A．To advise us to join in sports games.
B．To teach us how to play pickleball.
C．To tell us the birth of a sports game.
D．To motivate us to follow new trends.
D
Like a phoenix (凤凰), some stars may burst to life covered in “ash,” rising from the remains of stars that had previously passed on.
Two fireballs covered in carbon and oxygen, ashy byproducts of helium fusion (氦聚变), belong to a new class of stars, researchers report in the March Monthly Notices. Though these burning objects are not the first stars found covered in carbon and oxygen, they are the first discovered to have helium-burning cores.
“That merger (并合) tells you the star must have evolved differently,” says study author Nicole Reindl.
The stars may have formed from the merger of two white dwarfs (白矮星), the remaining hearts of stars that exhausted their fuel, Reindl further explains. One of the two was rich in helium, while the other contained lots of carbon and oxygen. These two white dwarfs had already been orbiting one another, but gradually drew together. Eventually the helium-rich white dwarf “ate” its partner, leaving carbon and oxygen all over its surface, just as a messy child might get food all over their face.
Such a merger would have produced a star covered in carbon and oxygen to burn nuclear fusion in its core again, says Tiara Battich, a German astrophysicist.
To test this idea, Battich copied the evolution, death and eventual merger of two stars on his computer and simulated (模拟) the process. He found that putting together a carbon-and-oxygen-rich white dwarf and a more massive helium one could explain the compositions of the two stars observed by Reindl and her colleagues.
“But this should happen very rarely,” Battich says. In most cases the opposite should occur, because carbon-oxygen white dwarfs are usually the more massive ones. For the rarer case to occur, two stars slightly more massive than the sun must have formed at just the right distance and the right time.
The origins story Battich proposes demands a very specific and unusual set of circumstances, says Simon Blouin, a Canadian astrophysicist. “But in the end, it makes sense.”
12. What’s the newest discovery of the merger of two stars
A．It produces a mass of helium ash.
B．It possesses a helium-burning core.
C．It is covered in carbon and oxygen.
D．It makes an oxygen atmosphere for life.
13. How did Battich prove his assumption of the merger
A．By co-working with Rcindl’s team.
B．By making astronomic observations.
C．By building models on his computer.
D．By testing the two stars’ compositions.
14. The underlined phrase “the opposite” means .
A．the carbon-oxygen white dwarf “ate” the helium one
B．the helium white dwarf “ate” the carbon-oxygen one
C．helium white dwarfs are usually the more massive ones
D．carbon-oxygen white dwarfs are usually the more massive ones
15. What’s the main idea of the text
A．The formation of stars makes sense.
B．The burning of stars brings them to life.
C．Stars inspire scientists to reflect on the universe.
D．Star mergers can unfold in more than one way.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Signs of Eating Disorder
About 30 million Americans live with an eating disorder. 16 Yet many others are often hidden in plain sight. It’s important to know the symptoms in those who might be at risk for an eating disorder.
They’re constantly talking about dieting.
The discussion around changing eating habits is incredibly common. Look at any lifestyle magazine or website and you’ll likely find dieting tips and advice. 17 If someone you love is constantly talking about food or their dieting habits, it might be a sign of concern.
18
Changes in mood or behaviors surrounding food or exercise can be signs of concern. This could mean a switch in activity level like overexercising, too often counting calories, frequently visiting the bathroom after eating, fasting or eating too much. 19
They’re constantly turning down food-centric social gatherings.
Avoiding social interactions such as birthday parties or going out to dinner with friends is a significant danger signal. People living with the condition have an intense focus on food or body image. They will keep away from situations likely ones that once brought them joy—where that determination might be tested.
The best way to support someone who may be experiencing an eating disorder is by talking with them, but when and how you do it matters. 20 Approach them with love and compassion, let them know that you care about them and that you notice that there is something they may be struggling with.
A．This also might come with a noticeable weight loss or gain.
B．However, being trapped in that discussion is a different story.
C．Their fitness or eating habits are constantly out of the ordinary.
D．Mood changes associated with eating may also be a danger signal.
E．It should be away from the normal routine and outside of a meal time.
F．Some symptoms of an eating disorder may be more visible to the eyes.
G．Eating disorders are a group of conditions marked by an unhealthy relationship with food.
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Around 13000 years ago North America had a wider variety of mammals（哺乳动物）than modem Africa. There were multiple horse species，camels and some now-extinct animals. And such 21 creatures were not just found in North America. On every continent mammals on average were a lot larger from around 2.5 million until about 11700 years ago.
Scientists have long debated what caused all these large creatures to go extinct while many of the smaller ones 22 .A team of researchers led by biologist Felisa Smith analyzed evidence from millions of years’ worth of mammalian extinctions and found that on each continent large mammals started to 23 Ground the same time humans first showed up.
If the extinction trend continues, many more large mammals will soon disappear as well, as the primary threats from humans have 24 from overhunting to indirect processes such as habitat loss. In their new study Smith and her team analyzed a database of all land mammals that lived from 65 million years ago until today. “We found 25 no effect of climate on mammalian extinction over 65 million years,” she says. But starting around 125000 years ago and continuing until today, large mammals have been more likely to go extinct than smaller ones, the researchers found. The average 26 of surviving mammals has decreased as a result. And those large-mammal extinctions are tightly coupled with the 27 of humans. For most of mammalian 28 history, an animal’s size was not predictive of its extinction risk. That 29 only appeared once humans began to live alongside large mammals.
This finding does not mean climate-related changes could not have 30 some wildlife populations, enabling humans to more easily bring about their eventual downfall. 31 , it suggests the greater likelihood of large mammals going extinct is tied to human activities. The animals that evolved without the risk of hunting from humans were suddenly faced with a new 32 . They simply could not 33 fast enough to survive the invasion of humans.
Smith says the lesson to be learned from the new findings is that our ancestors prepared us to be extremely skillful killers. “What’s 34 now,” she says, “is that some of us are comfortable enough, have a high enough standard of living, that we can start thinking about our use of the Earth,” Rather than simply behaving as 35 , many of us are now in a position to become environmental protectors.
21. A．smart B．massive C．marine D．ancient
22. A．survived B．shrank C．escaped D．returned
23. A．hide away B．make off C．break up D．die out
24. A．faded B．restored C．improved D．expanded
25. A．absolutely B．predictably C．exclusively D．potentially
26. A．weight B．speed C．size D．appetite
27. A．production B．appearance C．exploration D．cruelty
28. A．recorded B．contemporary C．evolutionary D．ancient
29. A．link B．contact C．adaptation D．distinction
30. A．enlarged B．stressed C．impressed D．dominated
31. A．Moreover B．Otherwise C．Meanwhile D．Rather
32. A．species B．hope C．rule D．threat
33. A．grow B．digest C．withdraw D．adapt
34. A．instructive B．fashionable C．different D．marvelous
35. A．sponsors B．creators C．consumers D．designers
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Early detection of visual impairment is crucial 36 frequently missed in young children, who are capable of only limited cooperation with standard vision tests.
Recently, Chinese scientists 37 (develop) a smartphone-based deep learning system for early detection of visual impairments in young children. 38 was reported in the international science journal Nature Medicine last week, the research was conducted by a team 39 (lead) by Lin Haotian, 40 professor at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of the Sun Yat-sen University.
The system is designed to induce a steady gaze in children by using cartoon-like video imagery. Cameras capture features of the subjects for 41 (far) analysis, using deep-learning models. For capable of identifying 16 ophthalmic 42 (disorder), such as congenital cataracts, congenital posits and congenital glaucoma, the system delivers an average screening 43 (accurate) of more than 85 percent, said the report.
In the study, more than 25 million frames of videos from 3,652 children were collected 44 (base) on deep-learning software used in the Tianhe-2 super-computing center in Guangzhou, Guangdong province. 45 (consequent), the system has the potential to be used by healthcare professionals, parents and caregivers for identifying young children with visual impairments.
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校上周末举行了一次以“健康第一”为主题的登山比赛，校英文报现正以此为主题举行征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 活动当天的天气情况；
2. 比赛的过程与结果；
3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 短文长度100词左右；
2. 标题和开头句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
A Hill-climbing Competition
In order to enhance the students’ awareness of body building, a hill-climbing competition, with the theme of “Health Is First”, was held last Sunday by our school.
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My husband Fred and I moved to a new place. We bought a small house in a reasonably good neighborhood close to Fred’s office. It was a one-and-a-half-floor brick house built for soldiers returning from World War II. That house impressed nobody except me. We had to decorate it first because it was so old. Fred and I started to paint the walls and the doors. I also worked outside the house, helping Fred break the ugly fence between us and the neighbors and grow some flowers.
After I finished painting walls in the bedroom upstairs, I brought up some water and old towels to wash the window. I washed the inside, then opened the window and stepped out on the kitchen roof to wash the outside. The window was the kind that you couldn’t open from the outside.
I was so devoted to my housework that I didn’t realize the window gradually closed. After finishing cleaning, I stood back to admire the clean glass. And then, I tried to open the window, but I failed. Standing on my kitchen roof, I looked around the neighborhood. That was a lovely afternoon. Where were the neighbor kids riding their bikes They often rode back from the park. No young voices shouted to one another. The neighbor on the left was at work. Carroll and Julie, an elderly couple, lived in the house at the corner and were our nextdoor neighbors. They were likely to be at home, but our kitchen was on the wrong side of our house for me to call them.
I sat down and thought about my situation. Even if someone came along, he couldn’t walk in the house and open the window. The doors were locked. That was my husband’s doing. “When you’re working on an indoor project, anyone could just open the door and come in. So, just keep the doors closed,” he would say. I just needed a rope to get down. I sat there, thinking how stupid I was and wishing a rope would magically appear.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, I heard a little boy laughing.
The boy looked at me for a while and left to ask for help.
参考答案
听力（略）
阅读 CBD BCAD CAAC BCAD
七选五FBCAE
完形填空BADDA CBCAB DDDCC
语法填空
but
have developed
As
led
a
further
disorders
accuracy
based
Consequently
(Ⅰ)
A Hill-climbing Competition
In order to enhance the students’ awareness of body building, a hill-climbing competition, with the theme of “Health Is First”, was held last Sunday by our school.
It was a sunny day. All students with joy gathered on the school gate first. Then, after the headmaster delivered a speech about safety and rules, we set off excitedly at 7: 30. All the way, we enjoyed the beautiful scenery of nature and shared interesting stories besides trying our best to move up-ward. It was at about 10: 00 that we all reached the top of the hill. The top three students come from class one, four, and nine.
Although not receiving an award, I wasn’t disappointed at all, for I had received better health and friendship.
(Ⅱ)
Suddenly, I heard a little boy laughing. I stood up and looked down the street. Sure enough, there was a little boy. He was riding his bike. I told him that was washing the window and it shut. He looked up, saw me, and laughed. After all, it’s not an everyday case that you see an old lady on a roof. I told him to ask my next-door neighbors to come and help me. “Of course,” he simply answered.
The boy looked at me for while and left to ask for help. Soon Carroll and Julie came, bringing a long rope with them. And then I climbed down. I sincerely thanked them for their kind help. The doors were locked and the keys were in the house, so my lovely neighbors invited me to their house to celebrate my rescue with coffee, cookies, and laughter. A few hours later, my husband came back. I said thanks to them again and went home. From then on, I definitely believe that a far-off relative is not as helpful as a near neighbor.
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