Unit6 Starting out and Understanding ideas能力提升练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
（2020吉林实验中学模拟检测）
More and more birds are flying to settle in Qinghai Lake，one of the highest inland lakes in China，thanks to the protection efforts of the local government. Covering an area of over 4，000 square kilometers，Qinghai Lake is also the country's biggest salt lake.
Located in Qinghai Province of Northwest China，the lake is famous for the two islands at its northwest point--Cormorant Island and Egg Island The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various fish，offering rich food sources to birds. The islands have become a paradise for different kinds of groups of birds and have been called “Bird Islands”.
Each March and April，when ice and snow covering the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（高原）start to melt，over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Islands to lay eggs. During the months，flocks of birds cover the whole sky over the islands and bird eggs can be found everywhere. Visitors can hear the singing of birds from miles away. These have become a world-famous symbol of the lake.
To protect this paradise for calls for ecological protection，China set up the Qinghai Lake National Natural Reserve at the end of 1997.Meanwhile，the State has pointed out that the Bird Islands and Spring Bay of Qinghai Lake were central reserves.
Inspectors and conservators often patrol（巡逻）the lake, enriching local residents’ knowledge of related laws and spreading knowledge about animal protection to visitors. They are making great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birds. At the same time, they have built special fences around the island area to prevent wolves，foxes and other carnivorous animals，as well as illegal hunters from breaking up the birds’ building nests，laying eggs and breeding（繁殖）.As a result，more and more birds are coming to the islands for sheltering and breeding.
1. Why are more and more birds coming to the biggest salt lake in Northwest China
A. Because it is getting warmer and warmer.
B. Because it is being reformed.
C. Because the environment is getting more agreeable to them to live in.
D. Because the people there are becoming richer and richer.
2. What do the birds feed on
A. Floating fish and various grass.
B. Grass growing in the water and different kinds of.
C. Salt water and plenty of grains.
D. Corn from the local farmers.
3. According to the passage, we can infer that _______.
A. over 20 kinds of birds come to the bird island before March.
B. flocks of birds fly up to the whole sky over the islands to lay eggs.
C. visitors can see the birds from miles away.
D. the government has taken many measures to protect.
4. This passage is most probably taken from _______.
A. a newspaper
B. a document
C. a storybook
D. a science book
B
（2019湖北华中师范附中高二下学期期末考试）
Antarctica（南极洲）'s melting ice，which has caused global sea level to rise by at least 13.8 millimeters over the past 40 years，was thought to come from the unstable West Antarctic Ice Sheet（WAIS）.Now，scientists have found that the East Antarctic Ice Sheet （EAIS）-considered largely unaffected by climate change---may also be melting at an unexpectedly rapid speed.
The WAIS, whose base is below sea level, has long been considered the most likely to break down Besides gravity，a deep current of warm water slips beneath the sheet melting it from below until it becomes a floating shelf at risk of breaking away. In contrast, extreme cold and a base mostly above sea level are thought to keep the EAIS relatively safe from warm water.
But as greenhouse gases warm much of the planet, driving stronger polar winds, some scientists think warm water carried by a circular current will start to invade the east Antarctica's once unassailable ice. Cooperation of more than 60 scientists last year published in Nature, estimated that the EAIS actually added about 5 billion tons of ice each year from 1992 to 2017.
Eric Rignot of the University of California, and colleagues combined 40 years of satellite imagery and climate modelling and found that overall Antarctica now sends six times more ice into the sea each year than it did in 1979, with the majority coming from the West Antarctica. But the East Antarctica was responsible for more than 30% of Antarctica's contribution to the 138-millimeter sea level rise over the past 40 years. “The more we look at this system the more we realize this is fragile,” says Rignot. “Once these glaciers become unstable there is no red button to press to stop it”
Rignot hopes that the study brings greater attention to a part of Antarctica that has traditionally been understudied. Helen Fricker，a glaciologist（冰川学家）in California，agrees ,“We need to monitor the entire Antarctica and we just can’t do that without international cooperation.”
5.What is the new finding of scientists？
A. The East Antarctica is losing ice at an increasing rate.
B. The West Antarctica is melting six times faster than in 1979.
C. About 5 billion tons of ice is added to Antarctica each year.
D. The sea level has risen by 13.8 mm over the past 40 years.
6.Which factor leads to the EAIS’s melting fast？
A. a base mostly over sea level.
B. The force of gravity.
C. The invasion of a warm current.
D. Extremely low temperature.
7. Which of the following best explains “unassailable” underlined in Paragraph 3
A. fragile.
B. Unattackable.
C. Mild.
D. Unstable.
8. Which way does Helen Fricker specially advocate
A. Satellite imagery.
B. Global monitoring.
C. Worldwide climate modelling.
D. Worldwide combined efforts.
Ⅱ.语法填空
（2020湖南衡阳第八中学月考）
It's not often sunny in Paris，but people still love to walk along the banks of the Seine. They love the view of the city’s old 1 （building）especially Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris（巴黎圣母院），with its fantastic spire（尖顶）.
2 that view has been changed forever. On April 16，a fire 3 （destroy）the spire of the 850-year-old church and two-thirds of the roof. Parisians were so shocked that they couldn’t help openly 4 (weep) .Many citizens gathered around the giant church，praying for the hundreds of firefighters 5 fought the flames. For many in France，it's not only a house of worship，but also a symbol of French culture，architecture and history.
It is no wonder that people felt sad. The cathedral， 6 （construct）in 1163，is home to many 7 （religion）paintings and sculptures. It is probably best known for being related 8 the story of the hunchback（驼背人）of Notre Dame. But its French Gothic Architecture remains the 9 （big ）attraction for visitors from around the world. 10 （fortunate），its world-famous glass windows survived the fire. And the French president has promised to rebuild the invaluable heritage.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文讲述了越来越多的鸟来到青海湖，当地政府的保护措施使这个地方成为鸟类的天堂。政府向人们普及鸟类保护法，号召人们保护鸟类。
1.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“More and more birds are flying to settle in Qinghai Lake，one of the highest inland lakes in China，thanks to the protection efforts of the local government.”以及下文可知，越来越多的鸟飞到青海湖栖息方面是由于当地政府对环境保护所做出的努力，另一方面是因为那里有充足的食物来源，也就是说那里的环境越来越适合鸟类生存。
2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various fish，offering rich food sources to birds."可知，两个岛上有丰富的水草与各种鱼类为鸟类提供了丰富的食物。
3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四、五段及第一段中的“thanks to the protection efforts of the local government”可知，政府已经采取了很多措施保护这片区域。
4.A【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是由于当地政府对环境的保护，越来越多的鸟来到青海湖。这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸上，是一篇新闻报道。
B
【语篇解读】本文介绍了科学家发现南极东部的冰层正在以出人意料的速度融化，其中一个因素就是海洋暖流的入侵，科学家主张通过国际合作来监测南极洲。
5.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now，scientists have found that the East Antarctic Ice Sheet （EAIS）--considered largely unaffected by climate change--may also be melting at an unexpectedly rapid speed."可知，科学家们发现南极东部的冰层正在以出人意料的速度快速融化，故A项正确。
6.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“some scientists think warm water carried by a circular current will start to invade the East Antarctica's once unassailable ice”可知，一些科学家认为环流携带的温暖的海水入侵南极东部的冰层导致其加速融化，故C项正确。
7.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Cooperation of more than 60 scientists last year，published in Nature，estimated that the EAIS actually added about 5 billion tons of ice each year from 1992to2017.”可知，1992年到2017年，南极东部的冰层每年增加50亿吨冰，按照常理推断体积如此庞大的冰层是坚不可摧的，由此可知画线词词义为“坚不可摧的”，故B项。
正确。
8.D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We need to monitor the entire Antarctica and we just can't do that without international cooperation.”可知，Helen Fricker认为我们需要监测南极洲没有国际合作我们无法做到这一点，由此可知，Helen Fricker主张通过国际合作来监测南极洲，故D项正确。
Ⅱ.语法填空
【语篇解读】文章主要讲了法国巴黎圣母院被一场大火烧毁，民众痛心疾首，法国总统承诺重建这一宝贵的遗产。
1. buildings【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：他们喜欢这座城市古老建筑的风景，尤其喜欢巴黎圣母院，以及它奇异的尖顶。“城市古老建筑”是复数意义，故用名词复数 buildings。
2. However【解析】考查副词。句意：然而，那种风景已经永远被改变了。此处表示转折关系，且位于句首，用逗号与主句隔开，所以填 However。
3. destroyed【解析】考查时态。句意：4月16日，一场火烧毁了这座有着850年历史的教堂的尖顶和三分之二的屋顶。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填 destroyed。
4. weeping【解析】考查固定用法。句意：巴黎人非常震惊，忍不住当众哭泣。couldn't help doing sth.忍不住做某事，所以填weeping。
5. who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多市民聚集在这座巨大的教堂周围，为数百名与火焰斗争的消防员祈祷。 5 fought the flames是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 firefighters，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以填who或 that。
6. constructed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座教堂建于1163年，是许多宗教绘画和雕塑的所在地。“教堂”和“建造”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，所以填 constructed。
7. religious【解析】考查形容词。修饰名词 paintings，用形容词，所以填 religious。
8. to【解析】考查固定短语。be related to与……有关，是固定短语。
9. biggest【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：但是，它的法国哥特式建筑仍然是最吸引来自世界各地游客的地方。由句意可知用最高级形式，所以填 biggest。
10. Fortunately【解析】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，它举世闻名的玻璃窗幸免于火灾。设空处位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填 Fortunately。

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