浙江省名校协作体2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读理解
Just as slang words,
table manners, and other common customs vary greatly from nation to nation, so
do rude gestures. The last thing you want to do when traveling to a new country
is to offend (冒犯) the locals. Here are some
hand motions you'll want to be careful about making in certain countries.
Iran
What might seem to
Americans like a universally positive gesture is not, in fact, universal. "Unfortunately,
in Iran and neighboring countries, the thumbs-up is the same as the middle
finger!" explains Dana Hooshmand, an author for Discover Discomfort. In
America, the middle finger is the one showing disrespect; in Iran, it's the
thumb. So, bear it in mind to avoid making this sign to Iranians.
Malaysia
As a little kid, you
may have been blamed that "it's not respectful to point with your index
finger!" especially if you dared pair the gesture with laughter. This is
especially true in Malaysia. As a result, employees at Disney parks are trained
to avoid doing this. Instead, if they must, they use two fingers or, the common
alternative is to point with your thumb (particularly the right thumb).
Thailand
In USA, patting
someone's head can be a sweet gesture, and messing someone's hair is a playful
one. But in Thailand, it can be a serious offense. The head "is considered
the most sacred (神圣的) part of the body,
" she explains. So keep your hands away from others' heads to avoid
disrespecting.
Taiwan,
China
According to the
locals, pointing to the moon will offend the moon goddess. Her punishment for
this is very specific: She'll cut your ear of, or at the very least cut it in
Van Gogh-style. So if you're admiring a beautiful full moon in Taiwan, try your
best to keep your hands by your sides.
1．What is the common reason for minding gestures in different countries
A．Out of admiration. B．Out of curiosity.
C．Out of concern. D．Out of respect.
2．According to the article, which of the following can visitors do
A．Touching others' head in Thailand.
B．Pointing with index finger in Malaysia.
C．Making a thumb-up to others in USA
D．Aiming one's finger directly at the moon in Taiwan.
3．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A travel magazine. B．A novel.
C．A biography. D．A science report.
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读理解
Working at a bank in
New York City in the mid-2010s, Anna Sacks was living the life - just not the
life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt
important and was fulfilling on a deeper level.
Some people seeking
meaning might read a self-help book or perhaps volunteer a few hours a week. Sacks
packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in
Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable (可持续的) living and growing sustainable food. She returned to New York with
a new purpose and a variety of new skills to make her dreams a reality.
"One of the
things that really stuck with me from Adamah, which means 'Earth' in Hebrew,
was how they handled the waste they had, primarily through composting (堆肥)，" she says. "And I just thought,
'Why aren't we doing that here "
The Adamah program
opened Sacks' eyes to the damage that consumer culture is doing on a local,
national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. So in 2016, she
took a master composting course and started working with a food rescue program,
which she named" trash walking. "
During walks around
her neighborhood, Sacks, 31, picked through garbage to look for reusable items.
Soon, her trash walks expanded to include company trash cans along with
residential trash. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide range of really great
stuff - like clothing, decorations, plates and food.
Sacks' main focus is
simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy
and then throw away. "Once you become conscious of the way you consume,
you can see ways you improve," she says.
4．Why did Sacks participate in the program Adamah
A．She was concerned about her job.
B．She intended to do volunteer work.
C．She preferred a more meaningful life.
D．She expected to learn living skills.
5．What impressed Sacks most about the program Adamah
A．The way they dealt with the waste.
B．The sustainable food they produced.
C．The importance they placed on farming.
D．The modern lifestyle they stuck to.
6．Which of the following best describes Sacks
A．A farmer. B．A doer. C．A follower. D．A dreamer.
7．What does Sacks suggest people do
A．Take part in trash walking. B．Reflect on consumption patterns.
C．Stop throwing away things. D．Avoid buying new items.
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读理解
The Moon is attracting
much attention these days as NASA is ready for its Artemis I launch and
preparing for more to follow. The mission objectives are clear: develop a sustainable
presence on its surface and pave the way to go to Mars.
And then what What's
the next great leap in humans' quest for the secrets of the universe
When it comes to the near future scientific exploration, there are a few areas
of the solar system that will be receiving some special attention.
First off there's
Venus, a planet which was a relative paradise (天堂),
with oceans and a pleasant atmosphere. Something went terribly wrong there a
few billion years ago, and NASA has scheduled a series of missions to explore
what exactly is going on there.
At the other end are
the gas giants. Several of the satellites of Jupiter and Saturn are covered in
thick sheets of ice, and underneath that ice sit oceans of liquid water. NASA
has missions planned to investigate those mysterious worlds, hunting for any
signs of possible life hidden deep within.
As for us humans, Mars
is certainly the grand prize in the coming decades. If we have the adequate
drive and funds, we can establish a semi-permanent presence on the red planet,
keeping crews working and studying in person on the Martian surface. The other
planets of our solar system are not so suitable for people to settle on. Mercury
is too close to the Sun for comfort and too far away from the Earth.
Over the coming
decades humans expect to see a rise of "space hotels", set up for
visiting tourists and scientific explorations. Naturally, turning the space
rock into a habitat for humans is not very practical considering our current
level of technological maturity, but in my best estimation, it's the next
easiest thing to accomplish. after the Moon and Mars, of course.
8．What does the underlined word "quest" probably mean in the second paragraph
A．Question. B．Explanation. C．Request. D．Search.
9．Which is the least likely to be explored in the next decades according to the passage
A．Mars. B．Mercury. C．Venus. D．Gas giants.
10．What's the author's attitude towards the "space hotels"
A．Ambiguous. B．Critical. C．Hopeful. D．Indifferent.
11．What's the passage mainly about
A．The launch of Artemis I.
B．The secrets of the solar system.
C．The missions of NASA
D．The areas of the future universe exploration.
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读理解
The typical image of a
knitter(编织者) may be a white-haired
lady but in the 1940s, young male Royal Air Force pilots used needles as they
waited for their next mission. Wartime pilots crashed a lot and knitting helped
rebuild flexibility in wounded limbs (四肢) and meanwhile
settle wounded minds. They were the basis of early occupational therapy.
Today, millions of
people around the world employ the same technique. Occupational therapist Jill
Riley was part of a team from Cardiff University that surveyed more than 3,500
knitters and found that the more frequently people knitted, the calmer and
happier they felt. As one person surveyed put it, "That rhythm of making
stitch (针脚) after stitch is like deep
breathing. It's a flow where you don't have to stress about it and you've got
the rhythm happening. "
"Flow" is a
concept first named by psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. As he wrote in his
book Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience, The best moments in our lives
are not the passive or relaxing times. The best moments usually occur if a
person's body or mind is in a voluntary effort to accomplish something
difficult and worthwhile. " An artist, Shauna Richardson, knows just how
true this is. The artist spent 18 months in a state of flow when she knitted
three seven-metre-long lions for the 2012 Cultural Olympiad. To complete the
task, she says she had to concentrate all her attention and keep a state of
mind driven by rhythm and process.
Csikszentmihalyi also
describes the opposite to flow. He points out that although people are
healthier and live longer, they often end up feeling anxious and bored and cut
off from satisfying work. Because knitting is so accessible - at its heart it's
two sticks and one stitch-it helps people build confidence in their abilities. After
all, if you make a mistake, you can just pull it all out and start again.
12．Why does the author mention "a white-haired lady" in paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic. B．To make a comparison.
C．To prove the writer's opinion. D．To give an example.
13．According to the passage, how does "occupational therapy" help people
A．Filling their free time by doing handwork.
B．Improving their bodies and minds by knitting.
C．Reducing their stress by breathing deeply.
D．Perfecting their skills by completing a task.
14．How do people feel in a state of flow
A．Anxious. B．Relaxed. C．Bored. D．Focused.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Active Hands, Calm Minds
B．Knitting: An Easy Skill to Learn
C．Slower Rhythm, Greater Confidence
D．Flow: The Best Moments to Enjoy
二、任务型阅读（共5个小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Cram (仓促准备) for a Test without Going Crazy
Do you have a test coming up you should have been studying for weeks ago Don't worry. You're not alone, and all hope is not lost. 　16． 　
You must start with the basics. No, we're not talking about the material you're learning; we're talking about the environment you're in. Do it in a space that isn't crowded or messy. 　17． 　 If you're worried about spending more time cleaning than studying, some of other favorite places to cram include coffee shops, bookstores, and parks.
We already stressed the importance of an environment, but we didn't talk about what you are using in that environment. If you have your phone with you, we suggest turning it on silent and putting it away. 　18． 　 Close any outside communication applications and remove distractions from your study site to completely focus on the task at hand.
　19． 　 When studying, you shouldn't push yourself past your limit. Our general rule of thumb is to give yourself a break at least once every hour. Each of your breaks should last for at least 10 minutes at a time to ensure you are refreshed and ready to get back into it.
There are few things in the world as stressful as cramming for a test. Luckily, there are methods and tips to ensure you can still come out on top of your next test or exam. 　20． 　 Grab a pencil and a notebook and start cramming!
A. So, what are you waiting for
B. The same goes for your computer or laptop.
C. You're cramming, so it doesn't have to be neat.
D. Electronic products will help you find a rhythm for cramming.
E. In fact, there are a ton of effective methods to cram for a test the right way.
F. If you study in an unorganized place, you will lose focus and the motivation to succeed.
G. It may come as a shock to you, but you should set up a timer to remind yourself of a break.
三、完形填空（共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Smith Justice and his
son were coming back from the dentist, when they saw a homeless man in the road.
Smith 21． to give the man some money, but didn't
have any cash. His son suggested giving the man the 30 cents he had. But Smith
was 22． . He didn't want to give this man just
30 cents since the man 23． needed all the help he could get. Moreover,
his own pride and thoughts of the homeless man's unknown 24． to receiving just thirty cents was standing 25． .
Smith told his son
what people saw as a good thing was not good enough to make a 26． in someone's life. But his
son insisted. Smith 27． the window and said to the man, "I'm
sorry, man. I don't have any 28． on me but my son wants to give you everything
he has right now." The homeless man smiled, "God bless you, little
man!" At that moment, the only thing 29． the brightness of the man's
smile was the bigger smile on the little boy's face.
A chain reaction of
kindness 30． behind them that day in Nashville, Tennessee,
as other people rolled down their windows to 31． , too. Smith suddenly 32． that he was the only problem in this situation.
He said, "My little boy 33． me by his actions that it's always about the
heart. It doesn't 34． how much you have or how little. 35． love and sincerity will often
bless others more than we think. "
21．A．managed B．promised C．intended D．agreed
22．A．confused B．doubtful C．tense D．hesitant
23．A．normally B．clearly C．secretly D．formally
24．A．reaction B．devotion C．objection D．solution
25．A．out of sight B．out of control C．in the way D．in the charge
26．A．fortune B．difference C．name D．commitment
27．A．rolled down B．reached for C．looked through D．lifted up
28．A．check B．card C．cash D．food
29．A．matching B．replacing C．reflecting D．showing
30．A．changed B．stopped C．remained D．started
31．A．greet B．smile C．chat D．donate
32．A．remembered B．realized C．accepted D．regretted
33．A．reminded B．comforted C．praised D．warned
34．A．help B．work C．mean D．matter
35．A．Returning B．Accepting C．Spreading D．Seeking
四、语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）语法填空
Is there anything nicer than a cooling ice cream on a hot summer's day This 　36． 　 (freeze) dessert is old, but our tastes and consumer habits are changing. How is the ice cream production process changing, and who is driving it
The recipe is simple, just a 　37． 　 (combine) of milk, sugar and fat. But the process is complex, 　38． 　 demands time and energy to get the materials mixed, heated, and then cooled. Designers are working 　39． 　 (improve) the production process with new equipment. For now, 　40． 　, even with the help of robots, it can take up to two years from testing a new treat to being available to consumers.
So, what new things can we expect It is millennial (千禧年的) consumers who are driving interest 　41． 　 more flavours. They say the tastes for today's ice cream products
　42． 　 (limit) only by our imagination. But according to Elsebeth Baungaard, 　43． 　 expert in economy, the next trend will be 　44． 　 (little) about innovation and more about size. "I'm sorry to say it's 　45． 　 (simple) reducing in size", she says, "but the quality will be higher."
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46．（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
假定你是校英语社社长李华，社团将要排演英语剧 Snow White，需要选拔演员。请你写一则书面通知，内容包括：
1）选拔时间、地点；
2）参选要求；
3）期待参加。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice
47．（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Erika
and the Necklace
Erika and her little sister
Beth sneaked into their mommy's room. "I'm just going to try on some
jewelry," said Erika. She took a necklace and tried to put it on her neck.
"Oh, no,' said Beth. "Mommy doesn't like us playing with her stuff. "
"Okay, you be the lookout," instructed Erika. "Stand by the door
and let me know if Mommy comes up the stairs. "
Before Beth got to the
door, Bouncer, the family's Bernedoodle dog, bounded into the room and almost
knocked Erika down. The necklace went flying. It had barely hit the floor when
Bouncer bit it and raced off.
"Bouncer!
Bouncer!" yelled Erika. "Beth, help me get the necklace back. "
The girls were hot on Bouncer's tail. "Stop!" they yelled. Bouncer
dashed down the stairs and into the living room. He stopped just long enough for
the girls to get close to him. Then of he went. "Stop!" yelled Erika.
"Beth, you go the other way. We'll corner him in the dining room. "
Erika met Beth in the
dining room. Sure enough, Bouncer was there waiting for them. He was down low
on his front legs with his tail in the air, ready to play. "Grab
him!" screamed Erika.
Just as Beth was about
to grab him, Bouncer took off. He whizzed (嗖地移动)
by Beth and Erika. "Stop, you troublemaker!" yelled Erika as she
raced after him. The girls were getting close again, but Bouncer zoomed down
the basement stairs. The girls raced after him. "I don't see him,"
said Beth. Erika scratched her head. "He's got to be down here. He's
hiding. "
Just then Mom called
to the girls. "Erika, what's al the noise What's wrong I heard you from
the yard. " "Uh, oh," whispered Erika. "Uh. . nothing's
wrong," she shouted.
Beth dashed up the
stairs. Erika heard her telling Mom everything. "That blabber mouth (多嘴的人)，"said Erika under her breath.
注意：
1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph
1:
"ERIKA! said Mom.
"Up here right now. "
Paragraph2:
Mom and Beth followed
her into the basement (地下室), Erika
carrying the snacks.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个国家不同的手势礼仪文化。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Just as slang words, table manners, and other common customs vary greatly from nation to nation, so do rude gestures. The last thing you want to do when traveling to a new country is to offend (冒犯) the locals.”正如俚语、餐桌礼仪和其他习俗因国而异一样，粗鲁的手势也因国而异。当你去一个新的国家旅行时，你最不想做的事情就是冒犯当地人。可推知，在不同国家注意手势的共同原因是出于尊重。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据 Iran 部分中的“What might seem to Americans like a universally positive gesture is not, in fact, universal. ‘Unfortunately, in Iran and neighboring countries, the thumbs-up is the same as the middle finger!’ explains Dana Hooshmand, an author for Discover Discomfort. In America, the middle finger is the one showing disrespect; in Iran, it's the thumb.”在美国人看来似乎是普遍的积极姿态，实际上却不是普遍的。“不幸的是，在伊朗和邻国，竖大拇指和竖中指是一样的”发现不适》一书的作者达纳·胡什曼德解释道。在美国，竖中指表示不尊重；在伊朗，是拇指。可知，根据文章内容，游客可以在美国对别人竖起大拇指。故选C。
3．考查推理判断。根据文章大意以及第一段中的“Just as slang words, table manners, and other common customs vary greatly from nation to nation, so do rude gestures. The last thing you want to do when traveling to a new country is to offend (冒犯) the locals.”正如俚语、餐桌礼仪和其他习俗因国而异一样，粗鲁的手势也因国而异。当你去一个新的国家旅行时，你最不想做的事情就是冒犯当地人；和下文详细的介绍了几个国家的手势礼仪文化。可推知，这篇文章可能来自一本旅游杂志。故选A。
【答案】4．C
5．A
6．B
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了银行工作的女孩Anna Sacks为寻求更有意义的生活，参加了一个名为Adamah的项目，因此关注到了消费文化的不良影响，并为此寻找解决措施。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Some people seeking meaning might read a self-help book or perhaps volunteer a few hours a week. Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable (可持续的) living and growing sustainable food. ”一些寻求意义的人可能会读一本自助书，或者每周做几个小时的志愿者。Sacks结束了自己的生活，搬到康涅狄格州三个月，参加Adamah，一个犹太农业项目，专注于可持续生活和种植可持续食物。可知，一些人寻求意义的方式是读一本书或做志愿者，而Sacks则去参加了一个犹太农业项目Adamah，可知参加这个项目也是她寻求更有意义的生活的方式。故选C。
5．考查细节理解。根据第三段“‘One of the things that really stuck with me from Adamah, which means ‘Earth’ in Hebrew, was how they handled the waste they had, primarily through composting (堆肥)，’ she says. “And I just thought, ‘Why aren’t we doing that here ’” 她说：“在希伯来语中，Adamah的意思是“地球”，从中，一件真地让我印象深刻的事情就是他们如何处理废料，主要是通过堆肥，我只是想，‘我们为什么不在这里做？’”可知，令她印象深刻的这个项目处理废料的方式。故选A。
6．考查推理判断。根据第四段“The Adamah program opened Sacks’ eyes to the damage that consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. So in 2016, she took a master composting course and started working with a food rescue program, which she named ‘trash walking.’ ”Adamah项目让Sacks看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上所造成的破坏，以及寻找解决方案的必要性。因此，2016年，她参加了堆肥大师课程，并开始从事一项食物救援计划，她将其命名为“垃圾行走”可知，Sacks是一个行动力很强的人，她从Adamah项目了解到消费文化造成的危害，很快就开始为找到应对措施付出行动，可以称得上实干家。故选B。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Sacks’ main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away.”Sacks的主要关注点是让人们注意他们买了多少不必要的东西，然后扔掉。可知， Sacks想让人们关注自己的不良消费：买不必要的东西然后扔掉它们，这实际上就是希望人们能够反思自己的消费模式。故选B。
【答案】8．D
9．B
10．C
11．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着美国宇航局准备发射阿尔忒弥斯一号，并为接下来的发射做准备，月球备受关注，任务目标是在月球表面建立可持续的存在，并为前往火星铺平道路。对于不久的将来的科学探索领域时，进行了详细介绍。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“When it comes to the near future scientific exploration, there are a few areas of the solar system that will be receiving some special attention.”说到不久的将来的科学探索，太阳系有几个领域受到特别关注。可知，此处是指对宇宙奥秘的探索，所以quest意为“寻求，探求”。故选D。
9．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Mercury is too close to the Sun for comfort and too far away from the Earth.”水星离太阳太近，不会舒适，离地球太远。可知，水星是未来几十年最不可能被探测的。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Naturally, turning the space rock into a habitat for humans is not very practical considering our current level of technological maturity, but in my best estimation, it's the next easiest thing to accomplish, after the Moon and Mars, of course.”当然，考虑到我们目前的技术成熟水平，把太空岩石变成人类的栖息地并不太现实，但据我估计，这是接下来最容易完成的事情，当然，是在月球和火星之后。可知，作者对“太空旅馆”的态度是充满希望的。故选C。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第二段“And then what What's the next great leap in humans’ quest for the secrets of the universe When it comes to the near future scientific exploration, there are a few areas of the solar system that will be receiving some special attention.”然后呢？人类探索宇宙秘密的下一个重大飞跃是什么？当谈到不久的将来的科学探索时，太阳系的一些区域将受到一些特别的关注。以及下文的对未来要探索的星球的描述可知，文章主要讲未来宇宙探索的领域。故选D。
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．D
15．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了编织是职业疗法的基础，能使人们感到平静。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第一段“The typical image of a knitter (编织者) may be a white-haired lady but in the 1940s, young male Royal Air Force pilots used needles as they waited for their next mission. Wartime pilots crashed a lot and knitting helped rebuild flexibility in wounded limbs (四肢) and meanwhile settle wounded minds. They were the basis of early occupational therapy.”编织者的典型形象可能是一位白发苍苍的女士，但在上世纪40年代，英国皇家空军（Royal Air Force）的年轻男性飞行员在等待下一个任务时使用了针。战时飞行员经常坠机，编织有助于重建受伤肢体的灵活性，同时安抚受伤的心灵。它们是早期职业治疗的基础。可推知，作者在第一段提到“白发苍苍的女士”是为了引起下文，即编织有助于重建受伤肢体的灵活性，同时安抚受伤的心灵，故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Occupational therapist Jill Riley was part of a team from Cardiff University that surveyed more than 3,500 knitters and found that the more frequently people knitted, the calmer and happier they felt.”职业治疗师卡迪夫大学的吉尔 莱利参与了一个团队，该团队对3500多名编织者进行了调查，结果发现，人们编织得越频繁，他们就感到越平静和快乐；以及第三段中的“As he wrote in his book Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience, the best moments in our lives are not the passive or relaxing times. The best moments usually occur if a person's body or mind is in a voluntary effort to accomplish something difficult and worthwhile.”正如他在《心流：最佳体验的心理学》一书中所写的那样，我们生命中最美好的时刻并不是消极或放松的时刻。最好的时刻通常发生在一个人的身体或心灵是在自愿努力完成一些困难和有价值的事情。可推知，“职业疗法”通过编织帮助人们改善身心。故选B。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The artist spent 18 months in a state of flow when she knitted three seven-metre-long lions for the 2012 Cultural Olympiad. To complete the task, she says she had to concentrate all her attention and keep a state of mind driven by rhythm and process.”当她为2012年文化奥林匹克运动会编织三只七米长的狮子时，这位艺术家在一种流畅的状态中度过了18个月。她说，为了完成这项任务，她必须集中所有注意力，并保持一种由节奏和过程驱动的心态。可知，人们在流畅的状态中注意力集中。故选D。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Wartime pilots crashed a lot and knitting helped rebuild flexibility in wounded limbs (四肢) and meanwhile settle wounded minds. They were the basis of early occupational therapy.”战时飞行员经常坠机，编织有助于重建受伤肢体的灵活性，同时安抚受伤的心灵。它们是早期职业治疗的基础；以及第二段中的“Occupational therapist Jill Riley was part of a team from Cardiff University that surveyed more than 3,500 knitters and found that the more frequently people knitted, the calmer and happier they felt”职业治疗师卡迪夫大学的吉尔 莱利参与了一个团队，该团队对3500多名编织者进行了调查，结果发现，人们编织得越频繁，他们就感到越平静和快乐。可知，文章主要介绍了编制是职业疗法的基础，能使人们感到平静。可推知，“活跃的双手，冷静的头脑”适合做文章标题。故选A。
【答案】16．E；17．F；18．B；19．G；20．A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何在不疯狂的情况下，仓促准备一次考试。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“You’re not alone, and all hope is not lost.”你并不孤单，所有的希望并没有失去，可知，E. In fact, there are a ton of effective methods to cram for a test the right way.“事实上，有很多有效的方法可以以正确的方式仓促准备考试”符合语境，是对上一句的应对，同时引出下文。故选E。
17．根据空前“Do it in a space that isn’t crowded or messy.”在一个不拥挤或不凌乱的空间里做；以及空后“If you’re worried about spending more time cleaning than studying, some of other favorite places to cram include coffee shops, bookstores, and parks.”如果你担心花在打扫卫生上的时间比学习的时间还多，还有其他一些你喜欢临时抱习的地方，比如咖啡店、书店和公园。可知，此处是在讲不要在拥挤或凌乱的空间里准备考试，所以后文应解释为什么，以及解决方案，F. If you study in an unorganized place, you will lose focus and the motivation to succeed.“如果你在一个没有组织的地方学习，你就会失去注意力和取得成功的动力”是对前文的解释，符合语境，故选F。
18．根据空前“If you have your phone with you, we suggest turning it on silent and putting it away.”如果你带着手机，我们建议你把它调成静音并把它收起来；以及空后“Close any outside communication applications and remove distractions from your study site to completely focus on the task at hand.”关闭所有外部通讯软件，排除学习场所的干扰，完全专注于手头的任务。可知，此处在讲，关闭所有外部通讯软件来准备考试，前文讲了手机，后文说所有外部通讯软件，所以空处应是其他外部通讯设备，B. The same goes for your computer or laptop.“这同样适用于你的电脑或笔记本电脑”符合语境，故选B。
19．根据空后“When studying, you shouldn't push yourself past your limit. Our general rule of thumb is to give yourself a break at least once every hour. Each of your breaks should last for at least 10 minutes at a time to ensure you are refreshed and ready to get back into it.”在学习的时候，你不应该让自己超过自己的极限。我们一般的经验法则是至少每小时让自己休息一次。每次休息至少要持续10分钟，以确保你精神焕发，准备好重新投入工作。可知，本段是在讲述，准备考试时，要注意劳逸结合，G. It may come as a shock to you, but you should set up a timer to remind yourself of a break.“这可能会让你大吃一惊，但你应该设置一个计时器来提醒自己休息”符合语境，故选G。
20．根据空前“There are few things in the world as stressful as cramming for a test. Luckily, there are methods and tips to ensure you can still come out on top of your next test or exam.”世界上几乎没有什么事情能像为考试而抱佛脚一样紧张。幸运的是，有一些方法和技巧可以确保你在下一次考试或考试之前仍然能够脱颖而出；以及空后“Grab a pencil and a notebook and start cramming!”拿起铅笔和笔记本，开始临时抱佛脚吧。可知，空处应该是过渡句，从讲有方法过渡到开始行动，A. So, what are you waiting for “那么，你还在等什么 ”符合语境，起到过渡作用。故选A。
【答案】21．C；22．D；23．B；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．A；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．D；32．B；33．A；34．D；35．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了父亲和儿子看到路边无家可归的人时，父亲身上没有现金，儿子想要将身上仅有的30分美元给他，然而父亲却觉得钱少了，但儿子却坚持这么做。最后，父亲明白了，帮助不在于多少，而在于爱和真诚的传递。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：Smith打算给他一些钱，但是他没有现金。A. managed“设法”；B. promised“承诺”；C. intended“打算”；D. agreed“同意”。根据下文“His son suggested giving the man the 30 cents he had.”可知，此处指Smith打算给无家可归的那个人一些钱，故选C。
22．句意：但是Smith犹豫了。A. confused“困惑的”；B. doubtful“困惑的”；C. tense“紧张的”；D. hesitant“犹豫的”。根据下文“He didn’t want to give this man just 30 cents since the man 3 needed all the help he could get.”可知，此处指Smith犹豫了，因为那个人看起来不仅仅只需要这30分美元，故选D。
23．句意：他不想只给他30分美元，因为很明显，这个男的需要的是他能提供的所有。A. normally“正常地”；B. clearly“明显地，清楚地”；C. secretly“秘密地”；D. formally“正式地”。根据上文“when they saw a homeless man in the road.”可知，此处指很明显，这个物价可归的人需要的是更多的帮助，故选B。
24．句意：而且，他的自尊以及不知道这个男的收到30分美元的反应都阻碍了他只给他30分美元。A. reaction“反应”；B. devotion“贡献”；C. objection“拒绝”；D. solution“解决方法”。根据空后“to receiving just thirty cents”可知，此处指无家可归的人收到30分美元的反应，故选A。
25．句意：而且，他的自尊以及不知道这个男的收到30分美元的反应都阻碍了他只给他30分美元。A. out of sight“看不见”；B. out of control“不受控制”；C. in the way“妨碍，阻碍”；D. in the charge“由……负责”。根据上文“He didn't want to give this man just 30 cents”可知，他本就不想只给他30分美元，可知此处指，而且他的自尊也阻碍了他给他30分美元，故选C。
26．句意：Smith告诉儿子，人们认为的好事是不足以改变一个人的生活的。A. fortune“财富，运气”；B. difference“不同，差异”；C. name“名字”；D. commitment“承诺，献身”。根据空前“what people saw as a good thing was not good enough to make a”可知，此处指人们认为的好事不足以改变一个人的生活，make a difference in one's life“改变人的生活”，故选B。
27．句意：Smith摇下窗户，对那个人说：“伙计，不好意思，我身上没有现金，但是我儿子想要给你他现在所有的钱。” A. rolled down“摇下”；B. reached for“伸手去够”；C. looked through“通过……看”；D. lifted up“抬起”。根据下文“as other people rolled down their windows to 11 　, too.”可知，此处指摇下车窗，故选A。
28．句意：Smith摇下窗户，对那个人说：“伙计，不好意思，我身上没有现金，但是我儿子想要给你他现在所有的钱。”A. check“支票”；B. card“卡，卡片”；C. cash“现金”；D. food“食物”。根据上文“Smith 1 to give the man some money, but didn’t have any cash.”可知，此处指Smith身上没有现金，故选C。
29．句意：此时，唯一能匹配这个男的灿烂的笑容就是小男孩脸上更灿烂的笑容。A. matching“匹配，配得上”；B. replacing“替代”；C. reflecting“反映，思考”；D. showing“展示，显示”。根据空后“the brightness of the man's smile”可知，此处指唯一配得上他灿烂的笑容就是小男孩更灿烂的笑容，故选A。
30．句意：在田纳西州，纳什维尔，那一天，他们身后开始了一连串的善举，当其他人摇下车窗，也和他们一样为无家可归的人捐赠钱的时候。A. changed“改变”；B. stopped“停止”；C. remained“仍然存在”；D. started“开始”。根据空后“as other people rolled down their windows to 11 , too.”可知，此处指很多人像他们一样，故指开始了一连串的善举，故选D。
31．句意：在田纳西州，纳什维尔，那一天，他们身后开始了一连串的善举，当其他人摇下车窗，也和他们一样为无家可归的人捐赠钱的时候。A. greet“打招呼”；B. smile“微笑”；C. chat“聊天”；D. donate“捐赠”。根据上文“but my son wants to give you everything he has right now.”可知，Smith的儿子将身上所有的钱都给了那个无家可归的人，故此处指其他人像他们一样，摇下车窗，给路边无家可归的人捐赠一些钱，故选D。
32．句意：Smith突然意识到，在这种情况下，他是唯一的问题。A. remembered“记住”；B. realized“意识到”；C. accepted“接受”；D. regretted“遗憾，后悔”。根据空后“that he was the only problem in this situation.”可知，此处指Smith意识到，这是他自己的问题，故选B。
33．句意：我的儿子通过他的行为提醒了我，这一些跟心灵有关。A. reminded“提醒”；B. comforted“安慰”；C. praised“表扬”；D. warned“警告”。根据空后“me by his actions that it's always about the heart.”可知，此处指儿子通过他的行为提醒Smith，这一些都与心灵有关，故选A。
34．句意：无论你有多还是少，这都没关系。A. help“有帮助”；B. work“起作用，生效”；C. mean“意味着”；D. matter“有关系，要紧”。根据空后“how much you have or how little.”可知，此处指你赠予的是多还是少，这都没关系，故选D。
35．句意：传递爱和真诚比我们想象中更能祝福别人。A. Returning“归还”；B. Accepting“接受”；C. Spreading“传递，传播”；D. Seeking“寻找”。根据上文“A chain reaction of kindness 10 　 behind them that day in Nashville, Tennessee, as other people rolled down their windows to 11 　, too.”可知，此处指传递爱和真诚，故选C。
【答案】36．frozen；37．combination；38．which；39．to improve；40．however；41．in；42．are limited；43．an；44．less；45．simply
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当代社会冰激凌改良相关的情况。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，定语从句，副词，介词，时态语态，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：这种冷冻甜点存在已久，但我们的口味和消费习惯正在改变。动词freeze“与被修饰的名词dessert在逻辑上构成动宾关系，应用过去分词，frozen“被冷冻的”，作定语。故填frozen。
37．句意：食谱很简单，只是牛奶、糖和脂肪的组合。分析句意可知，空格前有不定冠词a修饰，需要使用可数名词单数形式，因此动词combine“结合”应该使用名词形式combination。故填combination。
38．句意：但这个过程很复杂，需要时间和能量来混合、加热和冷却材料。 demands time and energy to get the materials mixed, heated, and then cooled 是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词process“过程”，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
39．句意：设计师们正在努力用新设备改进生产工艺。此处不定式形式，作目的状语。故填to improve。
40．句意：然而，就目前而言，即使在机器人的帮助下，从测试一种新的出色的冰激凌到向消费者提供，可能需要长达两年的时间。分析句意可知，此处填写副词however“然而”符合句意，因为上文指出“Designers are working to improve the production process with new equipment. (设计师们正在努力用新设备改进生产工艺)”，而本句却指出虽然在努力改进生产工艺，仍然需要很长的时间，前后存在转折关系。故填however。
41．句意：正是千禧一代消费者对更多口味产生了兴趣。interest in固定短语，“对……表现出兴趣”，故填in。
42．句意：他们说，今天冰淇淋产品的口味仅受我们的想象力限制。此处是谓语动词，与主语the tastes“口味”构成动宾关系，故需要使用被动语态，主语为复数，且表示现状，应用一般现在时的被动语态，助动词用are。故填are limited。
43．句意：但根据经济专家Elsebeth Baungaard的说法，下一个趋势将不再是创新，而是规模。分析句意可知，因为空格后的名词expert“专家”为可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，空格处应该填写不定冠词an。故填an。
44．句意：但根据经济专家Elsebeth Baungaard的说法，下一个趋势将不再是创新，而是规模。分析句意可知，因为下文size“规模”使用了比较级more“更多的”修饰，形容词little“少的”也需要使用比较级形式less“更少的”，作表语。故填less。
45．句意：她说：“很抱歉，它只是缩小了尺寸，但质量会更高。”分析句意可知，因为修饰动词reducing“减少，缩小”需要使用副词，作状语。故填simply。
46．【答案】Notice
To fuel our enthusiasm for English drama, our society/club is going to put on an English play Snow White and we're recruiting actors and actresses.
The tryout is scheduled for 9 a. m. this Saturday in the school auditorium. First, fluency in English is a must, which will guarantee the audience better appreciation of classical English works. Additionally, passion for performing and team spirit are necessary, for the rehearsal is challenging and demanding. Finally, priority will be given to those with previous performing experiences.
Let's explore the world of art together! Looking forward to your participation.
The English Club/Society
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以校英语社社长李华的身份写一则书面通知 。写作背景： 社团将要排演英语剧 Snow White，需要选拔演员。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）选拔时间、地点；2）参选要求；3）期待参加。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：To fuel our enthusiasm for English drama, our society/club is going to put on an English play Snow White and we're recruiting actors and actresses.运用了不定式作目的状语，并列句；The tryout is scheduled for 9 a. m. this Saturday in the school auditorium.运用了被动语态； First, fluency in English is a must, which will guarantee the audience better appreciation of classical English works. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Additionally, passion for performing and team spirit are necessary, for the rehearsal is challenging and demanding.运用了原因并列句； Finally, priority will be given to those with previous performing experiences.运用了被动语态；Let's explore the world of art together! 运用了祈使句。
47．【答案】 "ERIKA!" said Mom. "Up here right now." Hurrying upstairs, Erika could feel her blood rushing to her face. While she was trying hard to find an excuse, Mom's voice broke in. "Where is he now " asked Mom, with arms crossed. Not daring to look into Mom's eyes, Erika just pointed to the basement as a reply. The three remained silent, wondering how to get the necklace back. Suddenly, an idea flashed across Erika's mind. She went straight to the kitchen counter and took some snacks. "I know what to do. Just come with me," she smiled.
Mom and Beth followed her into the basement, Erika carrying the snacks. "Bouncer," called Erika, "I've got a treat for you." Lickety-split, Bouncer was at Erika's feet, pricking up his ears and wagging his tail. Just at that moment, Erika grabbed his collar and pulled the necklace from his mouth. Handing the necklace to Mom, Erika apologized, "Sorry, Mom. I shouldn't have touched your stuff. I'm the troublemaker." Head drooping, Erika tried to overcome the immense guilt, while Bouncer was nudging her to pet him. "So long as you admit your fault," said Mom, gently patting her girls and the little "troublemaker".
【知识点】文字式记叙文；半开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Erika和Beth偷偷溜进妈妈的房间后，Erika偷偷拿了妈妈的项链戴在脖子上，Beth提醒她，妈妈不喜欢她们摆弄自己的东西，但是Erika没有听Beth的话。之后家里的狗Bouncer跑进房间撞倒Erika，导致项链飞出去，被Bouncer叼到了，随后它叼着项链跑开了。于是姐妹俩开始追Bouncer，要取回项链。期间追赶Bouncer发出的噪音引起了妈妈的注意，在妈妈询问发生了什么事后，Beth将这件事告诉了妈妈。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“‘ERIKA！’妈妈说，‘现在立刻上楼。’”可知，第一段可描写Erika上楼后，妈妈问她狗现在在哪里，Erika告诉妈妈在地下室，并告诉妈妈她想出了一个如何将项链取下来的主意。②由第二段首句内容“妈妈和Beth跟着Erika 进了地下室，Erika 拿着零食。”可知，第二段可描写Erika用零食将狗哄骗过来，从狗的脖子上拿下妈妈的项链，并向妈妈道歉。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：While she was trying hard to find an excuse, Mom's voice broke in. 运用了时间状语从句；"Where is he now " asked Mom, with arms crossed. 运用了倒装句，with的复合结构；The three remained silent, wondering how to get the necklace back. 运用了现在分词作状语，“疑问词+不定式”作宾语； Head drooping, Erika tried to overcome the immense guilt, while Bouncer was nudging her to pet him.运用了独立主格结构，对比并列句。
浙江省名校协作体2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读理解
Just as slang words,
table manners, and other common customs vary greatly from nation to nation, so
do rude gestures. The last thing you want to do when traveling to a new country
is to offend (冒犯) the locals. Here are some
hand motions you'll want to be careful about making in certain countries.
Iran
What might seem to
Americans like a universally positive gesture is not, in fact, universal. "Unfortunately,
in Iran and neighboring countries, the thumbs-up is the same as the middle
finger!" explains Dana Hooshmand, an author for Discover Discomfort. In
America, the middle finger is the one showing disrespect; in Iran, it's the
thumb. So, bear it in mind to avoid making this sign to Iranians.
Malaysia
As a little kid, you
may have been blamed that "it's not respectful to point with your index
finger!" especially if you dared pair the gesture with laughter. This is
especially true in Malaysia. As a result, employees at Disney parks are trained
to avoid doing this. Instead, if they must, they use two fingers or, the common
alternative is to point with your thumb (particularly the right thumb).
Thailand
In USA, patting
someone's head can be a sweet gesture, and messing someone's hair is a playful
one. But in Thailand, it can be a serious offense. The head "is considered
the most sacred (神圣的) part of the body,
" she explains. So keep your hands away from others' heads to avoid
disrespecting.
Taiwan,
China
According to the
locals, pointing to the moon will offend the moon goddess. Her punishment for
this is very specific: She'll cut your ear of, or at the very least cut it in
Van Gogh-style. So if you're admiring a beautiful full moon in Taiwan, try your
best to keep your hands by your sides.
1．What is the common reason for minding gestures in different countries
A．Out of admiration. B．Out of curiosity.
C．Out of concern. D．Out of respect.
2．According to the article, which of the following can visitors do
A．Touching others' head in Thailand.
B．Pointing with index finger in Malaysia.
C．Making a thumb-up to others in USA
D．Aiming one's finger directly at the moon in Taiwan.
3．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A travel magazine. B．A novel.
C．A biography. D．A science report.
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个国家不同的手势礼仪文化。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Just as slang words, table manners, and other common customs vary greatly from nation to nation, so do rude gestures. The last thing you want to do when traveling to a new country is to offend (冒犯) the locals.”正如俚语、餐桌礼仪和其他习俗因国而异一样，粗鲁的手势也因国而异。当你去一个新的国家旅行时，你最不想做的事情就是冒犯当地人。可推知，在不同国家注意手势的共同原因是出于尊重。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据 Iran 部分中的“What might seem to Americans like a universally positive gesture is not, in fact, universal. ‘Unfortunately, in Iran and neighboring countries, the thumbs-up is the same as the middle finger!’ explains Dana Hooshmand, an author for Discover Discomfort. In America, the middle finger is the one showing disrespect; in Iran, it's the thumb.”在美国人看来似乎是普遍的积极姿态，实际上却不是普遍的。“不幸的是，在伊朗和邻国，竖大拇指和竖中指是一样的”发现不适》一书的作者达纳·胡什曼德解释道。在美国，竖中指表示不尊重；在伊朗，是拇指。可知，根据文章内容，游客可以在美国对别人竖起大拇指。故选C。
3．考查推理判断。根据文章大意以及第一段中的“Just as slang words, table manners, and other common customs vary greatly from nation to nation, so do rude gestures. The last thing you want to do when traveling to a new country is to offend (冒犯) the locals.”正如俚语、餐桌礼仪和其他习俗因国而异一样，粗鲁的手势也因国而异。当你去一个新的国家旅行时，你最不想做的事情就是冒犯当地人；和下文详细的介绍了几个国家的手势礼仪文化。可推知，这篇文章可能来自一本旅游杂志。故选A。
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读理解
Working at a bank in
New York City in the mid-2010s, Anna Sacks was living the life - just not the
life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt
important and was fulfilling on a deeper level.
Some people seeking
meaning might read a self-help book or perhaps volunteer a few hours a week. Sacks
packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in
Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable (可持续的) living and growing sustainable food. She returned to New York with
a new purpose and a variety of new skills to make her dreams a reality.
"One of the
things that really stuck with me from Adamah, which means 'Earth' in Hebrew,
was how they handled the waste they had, primarily through composting (堆肥)，" she says. "And I just thought,
'Why aren't we doing that here "
The Adamah program
opened Sacks' eyes to the damage that consumer culture is doing on a local,
national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. So in 2016, she
took a master composting course and started working with a food rescue program,
which she named" trash walking. "
During walks around
her neighborhood, Sacks, 31, picked through garbage to look for reusable items.
Soon, her trash walks expanded to include company trash cans along with
residential trash. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide range of really great
stuff - like clothing, decorations, plates and food.
Sacks' main focus is
simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy
and then throw away. "Once you become conscious of the way you consume,
you can see ways you improve," she says.
4．Why did Sacks participate in the program Adamah
A．She was concerned about her job.
B．She intended to do volunteer work.
C．She preferred a more meaningful life.
D．She expected to learn living skills.
5．What impressed Sacks most about the program Adamah
A．The way they dealt with the waste.
B．The sustainable food they produced.
C．The importance they placed on farming.
D．The modern lifestyle they stuck to.
6．Which of the following best describes Sacks
A．A farmer. B．A doer. C．A follower. D．A dreamer.
7．What does Sacks suggest people do
A．Take part in trash walking. B．Reflect on consumption patterns.
C．Stop throwing away things. D．Avoid buying new items.
【答案】4．C
5．A
6．B
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了银行工作的女孩Anna Sacks为寻求更有意义的生活，参加了一个名为Adamah的项目，因此关注到了消费文化的不良影响，并为此寻找解决措施。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Some people seeking meaning might read a self-help book or perhaps volunteer a few hours a week. Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable (可持续的) living and growing sustainable food. ”一些寻求意义的人可能会读一本自助书，或者每周做几个小时的志愿者。Sacks结束了自己的生活，搬到康涅狄格州三个月，参加Adamah，一个犹太农业项目，专注于可持续生活和种植可持续食物。可知，一些人寻求意义的方式是读一本书或做志愿者，而Sacks则去参加了一个犹太农业项目Adamah，可知参加这个项目也是她寻求更有意义的生活的方式。故选C。
5．考查细节理解。根据第三段“‘One of the things that really stuck with me from Adamah, which means ‘Earth’ in Hebrew, was how they handled the waste they had, primarily through composting (堆肥)，’ she says. “And I just thought, ‘Why aren’t we doing that here ’” 她说：“在希伯来语中，Adamah的意思是“地球”，从中，一件真地让我印象深刻的事情就是他们如何处理废料，主要是通过堆肥，我只是想，‘我们为什么不在这里做？’”可知，令她印象深刻的这个项目处理废料的方式。故选A。
6．考查推理判断。根据第四段“The Adamah program opened Sacks’ eyes to the damage that consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. So in 2016, she took a master composting course and started working with a food rescue program, which she named ‘trash walking.’ ”Adamah项目让Sacks看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上所造成的破坏，以及寻找解决方案的必要性。因此，2016年，她参加了堆肥大师课程，并开始从事一项食物救援计划，她将其命名为“垃圾行走”可知，Sacks是一个行动力很强的人，她从Adamah项目了解到消费文化造成的危害，很快就开始为找到应对措施付出行动，可以称得上实干家。故选B。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Sacks’ main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away.”Sacks的主要关注点是让人们注意他们买了多少不必要的东西，然后扔掉。可知， Sacks想让人们关注自己的不良消费：买不必要的东西然后扔掉它们，这实际上就是希望人们能够反思自己的消费模式。故选B。
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读理解
The Moon is attracting
much attention these days as NASA is ready for its Artemis I launch and
preparing for more to follow. The mission objectives are clear: develop a sustainable
presence on its surface and pave the way to go to Mars.
And then what What's
the next great leap in humans' quest for the secrets of the universe
When it comes to the near future scientific exploration, there are a few areas
of the solar system that will be receiving some special attention.
First off there's
Venus, a planet which was a relative paradise (天堂),
with oceans and a pleasant atmosphere. Something went terribly wrong there a
few billion years ago, and NASA has scheduled a series of missions to explore
what exactly is going on there.
At the other end are
the gas giants. Several of the satellites of Jupiter and Saturn are covered in
thick sheets of ice, and underneath that ice sit oceans of liquid water. NASA
has missions planned to investigate those mysterious worlds, hunting for any
signs of possible life hidden deep within.
As for us humans, Mars
is certainly the grand prize in the coming decades. If we have the adequate
drive and funds, we can establish a semi-permanent presence on the red planet,
keeping crews working and studying in person on the Martian surface. The other
planets of our solar system are not so suitable for people to settle on. Mercury
is too close to the Sun for comfort and too far away from the Earth.
Over the coming
decades humans expect to see a rise of "space hotels", set up for
visiting tourists and scientific explorations. Naturally, turning the space
rock into a habitat for humans is not very practical considering our current
level of technological maturity, but in my best estimation, it's the next
easiest thing to accomplish. after the Moon and Mars, of course.
8．What does the underlined word "quest" probably mean in the second paragraph
A．Question. B．Explanation. C．Request. D．Search.
9．Which is the least likely to be explored in the next decades according to the passage
A．Mars. B．Mercury. C．Venus. D．Gas giants.
10．What's the author's attitude towards the "space hotels"
A．Ambiguous. B．Critical. C．Hopeful. D．Indifferent.
11．What's the passage mainly about
A．The launch of Artemis I.
B．The secrets of the solar system.
C．The missions of NASA
D．The areas of the future universe exploration.
【答案】8．D
9．B
10．C
11．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着美国宇航局准备发射阿尔忒弥斯一号，并为接下来的发射做准备，月球备受关注，任务目标是在月球表面建立可持续的存在，并为前往火星铺平道路。对于不久的将来的科学探索领域时，进行了详细介绍。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“When it comes to the near future scientific exploration, there are a few areas of the solar system that will be receiving some special attention.”说到不久的将来的科学探索，太阳系有几个领域受到特别关注。可知，此处是指对宇宙奥秘的探索，所以quest意为“寻求，探求”。故选D。
9．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Mercury is too close to the Sun for comfort and too far away from the Earth.”水星离太阳太近，不会舒适，离地球太远。可知，水星是未来几十年最不可能被探测的。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Naturally, turning the space rock into a habitat for humans is not very practical considering our current level of technological maturity, but in my best estimation, it's the next easiest thing to accomplish, after the Moon and Mars, of course.”当然，考虑到我们目前的技术成熟水平，把太空岩石变成人类的栖息地并不太现实，但据我估计，这是接下来最容易完成的事情，当然，是在月球和火星之后。可知，作者对“太空旅馆”的态度是充满希望的。故选C。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第二段“And then what What's the next great leap in humans’ quest for the secrets of the universe When it comes to the near future scientific exploration, there are a few areas of the solar system that will be receiving some special attention.”然后呢？人类探索宇宙秘密的下一个重大飞跃是什么？当谈到不久的将来的科学探索时，太阳系的一些区域将受到一些特别的关注。以及下文的对未来要探索的星球的描述可知，文章主要讲未来宇宙探索的领域。故选D。
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读理解
The typical image of a
knitter(编织者) may be a white-haired
lady but in the 1940s, young male Royal Air Force pilots used needles as they
waited for their next mission. Wartime pilots crashed a lot and knitting helped
rebuild flexibility in wounded limbs (四肢) and meanwhile
settle wounded minds. They were the basis of early occupational therapy.
Today, millions of
people around the world employ the same technique. Occupational therapist Jill
Riley was part of a team from Cardiff University that surveyed more than 3,500
knitters and found that the more frequently people knitted, the calmer and
happier they felt. As one person surveyed put it, "That rhythm of making
stitch (针脚) after stitch is like deep
breathing. It's a flow where you don't have to stress about it and you've got
the rhythm happening. "
"Flow" is a
concept first named by psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. As he wrote in his
book Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience, The best moments in our lives
are not the passive or relaxing times. The best moments usually occur if a
person's body or mind is in a voluntary effort to accomplish something
difficult and worthwhile. " An artist, Shauna Richardson, knows just how
true this is. The artist spent 18 months in a state of flow when she knitted
three seven-metre-long lions for the 2012 Cultural Olympiad. To complete the
task, she says she had to concentrate all her attention and keep a state of
mind driven by rhythm and process.
Csikszentmihalyi also
describes the opposite to flow. He points out that although people are
healthier and live longer, they often end up feeling anxious and bored and cut
off from satisfying work. Because knitting is so accessible - at its heart it's
two sticks and one stitch-it helps people build confidence in their abilities. After
all, if you make a mistake, you can just pull it all out and start again.
12．Why does the author mention "a white-haired lady" in paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic. B．To make a comparison.
C．To prove the writer's opinion. D．To give an example.
13．According to the passage, how does "occupational therapy" help people
A．Filling their free time by doing handwork.
B．Improving their bodies and minds by knitting.
C．Reducing their stress by breathing deeply.
D．Perfecting their skills by completing a task.
14．How do people feel in a state of flow
A．Anxious. B．Relaxed. C．Bored. D．Focused.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Active Hands, Calm Minds
B．Knitting: An Easy Skill to Learn
C．Slower Rhythm, Greater Confidence
D．Flow: The Best Moments to Enjoy
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．D
15．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了编织是职业疗法的基础，能使人们感到平静。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第一段“The typical image of a knitter (编织者) may be a white-haired lady but in the 1940s, young male Royal Air Force pilots used needles as they waited for their next mission. Wartime pilots crashed a lot and knitting helped rebuild flexibility in wounded limbs (四肢) and meanwhile settle wounded minds. They were the basis of early occupational therapy.”编织者的典型形象可能是一位白发苍苍的女士，但在上世纪40年代，英国皇家空军（Royal Air Force）的年轻男性飞行员在等待下一个任务时使用了针。战时飞行员经常坠机，编织有助于重建受伤肢体的灵活性，同时安抚受伤的心灵。它们是早期职业治疗的基础。可推知，作者在第一段提到“白发苍苍的女士”是为了引起下文，即编织有助于重建受伤肢体的灵活性，同时安抚受伤的心灵，故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Occupational therapist Jill Riley was part of a team from Cardiff University that surveyed more than 3,500 knitters and found that the more frequently people knitted, the calmer and happier they felt.”职业治疗师卡迪夫大学的吉尔 莱利参与了一个团队，该团队对3500多名编织者进行了调查，结果发现，人们编织得越频繁，他们就感到越平静和快乐；以及第三段中的“As he wrote in his book Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience, the best moments in our lives are not the passive or relaxing times. The best moments usually occur if a person's body or mind is in a voluntary effort to accomplish something difficult and worthwhile.”正如他在《心流：最佳体验的心理学》一书中所写的那样，我们生命中最美好的时刻并不是消极或放松的时刻。最好的时刻通常发生在一个人的身体或心灵是在自愿努力完成一些困难和有价值的事情。可推知，“职业疗法”通过编织帮助人们改善身心。故选B。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The artist spent 18 months in a state of flow when she knitted three seven-metre-long lions for the 2012 Cultural Olympiad. To complete the task, she says she had to concentrate all her attention and keep a state of mind driven by rhythm and process.”当她为2012年文化奥林匹克运动会编织三只七米长的狮子时，这位艺术家在一种流畅的状态中度过了18个月。她说，为了完成这项任务，她必须集中所有注意力，并保持一种由节奏和过程驱动的心态。可知，人们在流畅的状态中注意力集中。故选D。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Wartime pilots crashed a lot and knitting helped rebuild flexibility in wounded limbs (四肢) and meanwhile settle wounded minds. They were the basis of early occupational therapy.”战时飞行员经常坠机，编织有助于重建受伤肢体的灵活性，同时安抚受伤的心灵。它们是早期职业治疗的基础；以及第二段中的“Occupational therapist Jill Riley was part of a team from Cardiff University that surveyed more than 3,500 knitters and found that the more frequently people knitted, the calmer and happier they felt”职业治疗师卡迪夫大学的吉尔 莱利参与了一个团队，该团队对3500多名编织者进行了调查，结果发现，人们编织得越频繁，他们就感到越平静和快乐。可知，文章主要介绍了编制是职业疗法的基础，能使人们感到平静。可推知，“活跃的双手，冷静的头脑”适合做文章标题。故选A。
二、任务型阅读（共5个小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Cram (仓促准备) for a Test without Going Crazy
Do you have a test coming up you should have been studying for weeks ago Don't worry. You're not alone, and all hope is not lost. 　16． 　
You must start with the basics. No, we're not talking about the material you're learning; we're talking about the environment you're in. Do it in a space that isn't crowded or messy. 　17． 　 If you're worried about spending more time cleaning than studying, some of other favorite places to cram include coffee shops, bookstores, and parks.
We already stressed the importance of an environment, but we didn't talk about what you are using in that environment. If you have your phone with you, we suggest turning it on silent and putting it away. 　18． 　 Close any outside communication applications and remove distractions from your study site to completely focus on the task at hand.
　19． 　 When studying, you shouldn't push yourself past your limit. Our general rule of thumb is to give yourself a break at least once every hour. Each of your breaks should last for at least 10 minutes at a time to ensure you are refreshed and ready to get back into it.
There are few things in the world as stressful as cramming for a test. Luckily, there are methods and tips to ensure you can still come out on top of your next test or exam. 　20． 　 Grab a pencil and a notebook and start cramming!
A. So, what are you waiting for
B. The same goes for your computer or laptop.
C. You're cramming, so it doesn't have to be neat.
D. Electronic products will help you find a rhythm for cramming.
E. In fact, there are a ton of effective methods to cram for a test the right way.
F. If you study in an unorganized place, you will lose focus and the motivation to succeed.
G. It may come as a shock to you, but you should set up a timer to remind yourself of a break.
【答案】16．E；17．F；18．B；19．G；20．A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何在不疯狂的情况下，仓促准备一次考试。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“You’re not alone, and all hope is not lost.”你并不孤单，所有的希望并没有失去，可知，E. In fact, there are a ton of effective methods to cram for a test the right way.“事实上，有很多有效的方法可以以正确的方式仓促准备考试”符合语境，是对上一句的应对，同时引出下文。故选E。
17．根据空前“Do it in a space that isn’t crowded or messy.”在一个不拥挤或不凌乱的空间里做；以及空后“If you’re worried about spending more time cleaning than studying, some of other favorite places to cram include coffee shops, bookstores, and parks.”如果你担心花在打扫卫生上的时间比学习的时间还多，还有其他一些你喜欢临时抱习的地方，比如咖啡店、书店和公园。可知，此处是在讲不要在拥挤或凌乱的空间里准备考试，所以后文应解释为什么，以及解决方案，F. If you study in an unorganized place, you will lose focus and the motivation to succeed.“如果你在一个没有组织的地方学习，你就会失去注意力和取得成功的动力”是对前文的解释，符合语境，故选F。
18．根据空前“If you have your phone with you, we suggest turning it on silent and putting it away.”如果你带着手机，我们建议你把它调成静音并把它收起来；以及空后“Close any outside communication applications and remove distractions from your study site to completely focus on the task at hand.”关闭所有外部通讯软件，排除学习场所的干扰，完全专注于手头的任务。可知，此处在讲，关闭所有外部通讯软件来准备考试，前文讲了手机，后文说所有外部通讯软件，所以空处应是其他外部通讯设备，B. The same goes for your computer or laptop.“这同样适用于你的电脑或笔记本电脑”符合语境，故选B。
19．根据空后“When studying, you shouldn't push yourself past your limit. Our general rule of thumb is to give yourself a break at least once every hour. Each of your breaks should last for at least 10 minutes at a time to ensure you are refreshed and ready to get back into it.”在学习的时候，你不应该让自己超过自己的极限。我们一般的经验法则是至少每小时让自己休息一次。每次休息至少要持续10分钟，以确保你精神焕发，准备好重新投入工作。可知，本段是在讲述，准备考试时，要注意劳逸结合，G. It may come as a shock to you, but you should set up a timer to remind yourself of a break.“这可能会让你大吃一惊，但你应该设置一个计时器来提醒自己休息”符合语境，故选G。
20．根据空前“There are few things in the world as stressful as cramming for a test. Luckily, there are methods and tips to ensure you can still come out on top of your next test or exam.”世界上几乎没有什么事情能像为考试而抱佛脚一样紧张。幸运的是，有一些方法和技巧可以确保你在下一次考试或考试之前仍然能够脱颖而出；以及空后“Grab a pencil and a notebook and start cramming!”拿起铅笔和笔记本，开始临时抱佛脚吧。可知，空处应该是过渡句，从讲有方法过渡到开始行动，A. So, what are you waiting for “那么，你还在等什么 ”符合语境，起到过渡作用。故选A。
三、完形填空（共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Smith Justice and his
son were coming back from the dentist, when they saw a homeless man in the road.
Smith 21． to give the man some money, but didn't
have any cash. His son suggested giving the man the 30 cents he had. But Smith
was 22． . He didn't want to give this man just
30 cents since the man 23． needed all the help he could get. Moreover,
his own pride and thoughts of the homeless man's unknown 24． to receiving just thirty cents was standing 25． .
Smith told his son
what people saw as a good thing was not good enough to make a 26． in someone's life. But his
son insisted. Smith 27． the window and said to the man, "I'm
sorry, man. I don't have any 28． on me but my son wants to give you everything
he has right now." The homeless man smiled, "God bless you, little
man!" At that moment, the only thing 29． the brightness of the man's
smile was the bigger smile on the little boy's face.
A chain reaction of
kindness 30． behind them that day in Nashville, Tennessee,
as other people rolled down their windows to 31． , too. Smith suddenly 32． that he was the only problem in this situation.
He said, "My little boy 33． me by his actions that it's always about the
heart. It doesn't 34． how much you have or how little. 35． love and sincerity will often
bless others more than we think. "
21．A．managed B．promised C．intended D．agreed
22．A．confused B．doubtful C．tense D．hesitant
23．A．normally B．clearly C．secretly D．formally
24．A．reaction B．devotion C．objection D．solution
25．A．out of sight B．out of control C．in the way D．in the charge
26．A．fortune B．difference C．name D．commitment
27．A．rolled down B．reached for C．looked through D．lifted up
28．A．check B．card C．cash D．food
29．A．matching B．replacing C．reflecting D．showing
30．A．changed B．stopped C．remained D．started
31．A．greet B．smile C．chat D．donate
32．A．remembered B．realized C．accepted D．regretted
33．A．reminded B．comforted C．praised D．warned
34．A．help B．work C．mean D．matter
35．A．Returning B．Accepting C．Spreading D．Seeking
【答案】21．C；22．D；23．B；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．A；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．D；32．B；33．A；34．D；35．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了父亲和儿子看到路边无家可归的人时，父亲身上没有现金，儿子想要将身上仅有的30分美元给他，然而父亲却觉得钱少了，但儿子却坚持这么做。最后，父亲明白了，帮助不在于多少，而在于爱和真诚的传递。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：Smith打算给他一些钱，但是他没有现金。A. managed“设法”；B. promised“承诺”；C. intended“打算”；D. agreed“同意”。根据下文“His son suggested giving the man the 30 cents he had.”可知，此处指Smith打算给无家可归的那个人一些钱，故选C。
22．句意：但是Smith犹豫了。A. confused“困惑的”；B. doubtful“困惑的”；C. tense“紧张的”；D. hesitant“犹豫的”。根据下文“He didn’t want to give this man just 30 cents since the man 3 needed all the help he could get.”可知，此处指Smith犹豫了，因为那个人看起来不仅仅只需要这30分美元，故选D。
23．句意：他不想只给他30分美元，因为很明显，这个男的需要的是他能提供的所有。A. normally“正常地”；B. clearly“明显地，清楚地”；C. secretly“秘密地”；D. formally“正式地”。根据上文“when they saw a homeless man in the road.”可知，此处指很明显，这个物价可归的人需要的是更多的帮助，故选B。
24．句意：而且，他的自尊以及不知道这个男的收到30分美元的反应都阻碍了他只给他30分美元。A. reaction“反应”；B. devotion“贡献”；C. objection“拒绝”；D. solution“解决方法”。根据空后“to receiving just thirty cents”可知，此处指无家可归的人收到30分美元的反应，故选A。
25．句意：而且，他的自尊以及不知道这个男的收到30分美元的反应都阻碍了他只给他30分美元。A. out of sight“看不见”；B. out of control“不受控制”；C. in the way“妨碍，阻碍”；D. in the charge“由……负责”。根据上文“He didn't want to give this man just 30 cents”可知，他本就不想只给他30分美元，可知此处指，而且他的自尊也阻碍了他给他30分美元，故选C。
26．句意：Smith告诉儿子，人们认为的好事是不足以改变一个人的生活的。A. fortune“财富，运气”；B. difference“不同，差异”；C. name“名字”；D. commitment“承诺，献身”。根据空前“what people saw as a good thing was not good enough to make a”可知，此处指人们认为的好事不足以改变一个人的生活，make a difference in one's life“改变人的生活”，故选B。
27．句意：Smith摇下窗户，对那个人说：“伙计，不好意思，我身上没有现金，但是我儿子想要给你他现在所有的钱。” A. rolled down“摇下”；B. reached for“伸手去够”；C. looked through“通过……看”；D. lifted up“抬起”。根据下文“as other people rolled down their windows to 11 　, too.”可知，此处指摇下车窗，故选A。
28．句意：Smith摇下窗户，对那个人说：“伙计，不好意思，我身上没有现金，但是我儿子想要给你他现在所有的钱。”A. check“支票”；B. card“卡，卡片”；C. cash“现金”；D. food“食物”。根据上文“Smith 1 to give the man some money, but didn’t have any cash.”可知，此处指Smith身上没有现金，故选C。
29．句意：此时，唯一能匹配这个男的灿烂的笑容就是小男孩脸上更灿烂的笑容。A. matching“匹配，配得上”；B. replacing“替代”；C. reflecting“反映，思考”；D. showing“展示，显示”。根据空后“the brightness of the man's smile”可知，此处指唯一配得上他灿烂的笑容就是小男孩更灿烂的笑容，故选A。
30．句意：在田纳西州，纳什维尔，那一天，他们身后开始了一连串的善举，当其他人摇下车窗，也和他们一样为无家可归的人捐赠钱的时候。A. changed“改变”；B. stopped“停止”；C. remained“仍然存在”；D. started“开始”。根据空后“as other people rolled down their windows to 11 , too.”可知，此处指很多人像他们一样，故指开始了一连串的善举，故选D。
31．句意：在田纳西州，纳什维尔，那一天，他们身后开始了一连串的善举，当其他人摇下车窗，也和他们一样为无家可归的人捐赠钱的时候。A. greet“打招呼”；B. smile“微笑”；C. chat“聊天”；D. donate“捐赠”。根据上文“but my son wants to give you everything he has right now.”可知，Smith的儿子将身上所有的钱都给了那个无家可归的人，故此处指其他人像他们一样，摇下车窗，给路边无家可归的人捐赠一些钱，故选D。
32．句意：Smith突然意识到，在这种情况下，他是唯一的问题。A. remembered“记住”；B. realized“意识到”；C. accepted“接受”；D. regretted“遗憾，后悔”。根据空后“that he was the only problem in this situation.”可知，此处指Smith意识到，这是他自己的问题，故选B。
33．句意：我的儿子通过他的行为提醒了我，这一些跟心灵有关。A. reminded“提醒”；B. comforted“安慰”；C. praised“表扬”；D. warned“警告”。根据空后“me by his actions that it's always about the heart.”可知，此处指儿子通过他的行为提醒Smith，这一些都与心灵有关，故选A。
34．句意：无论你有多还是少，这都没关系。A. help“有帮助”；B. work“起作用，生效”；C. mean“意味着”；D. matter“有关系，要紧”。根据空后“how much you have or how little.”可知，此处指你赠予的是多还是少，这都没关系，故选D。
35．句意：传递爱和真诚比我们想象中更能祝福别人。A. Returning“归还”；B. Accepting“接受”；C. Spreading“传递，传播”；D. Seeking“寻找”。根据上文“A chain reaction of kindness 10 　 behind them that day in Nashville, Tennessee, as other people rolled down their windows to 11 　, too.”可知，此处指传递爱和真诚，故选C。
四、语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高二下·浙江开学考）语法填空
Is there anything nicer than a cooling ice cream on a hot summer's day This 　36． 　 (freeze) dessert is old, but our tastes and consumer habits are changing. How is the ice cream production process changing, and who is driving it
The recipe is simple, just a 　37． 　 (combine) of milk, sugar and fat. But the process is complex, 　38． 　 demands time and energy to get the materials mixed, heated, and then cooled. Designers are working 　39． 　 (improve) the production process with new equipment. For now, 　40． 　, even with the help of robots, it can take up to two years from testing a new treat to being available to consumers.
So, what new things can we expect It is millennial (千禧年的) consumers who are driving interest 　41． 　 more flavours. They say the tastes for today's ice cream products
　42． 　 (limit) only by our imagination. But according to Elsebeth Baungaard, 　43． 　 expert in economy, the next trend will be 　44． 　 (little) about innovation and more about size. "I'm sorry to say it's 　45． 　 (simple) reducing in size", she says, "but the quality will be higher."
【答案】36．frozen；37．combination；38．which；39．to improve；40．however；41．in；42．are limited；43．an；44．less；45．simply
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当代社会冰激凌改良相关的情况。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，定语从句，副词，介词，时态语态，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：这种冷冻甜点存在已久，但我们的口味和消费习惯正在改变。动词freeze“与被修饰的名词dessert在逻辑上构成动宾关系，应用过去分词，frozen“被冷冻的”，作定语。故填frozen。
37．句意：食谱很简单，只是牛奶、糖和脂肪的组合。分析句意可知，空格前有不定冠词a修饰，需要使用可数名词单数形式，因此动词combine“结合”应该使用名词形式combination。故填combination。
38．句意：但这个过程很复杂，需要时间和能量来混合、加热和冷却材料。 demands time and energy to get the materials mixed, heated, and then cooled 是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词process“过程”，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
39．句意：设计师们正在努力用新设备改进生产工艺。此处不定式形式，作目的状语。故填to improve。
40．句意：然而，就目前而言，即使在机器人的帮助下，从测试一种新的出色的冰激凌到向消费者提供，可能需要长达两年的时间。分析句意可知，此处填写副词however“然而”符合句意，因为上文指出“Designers are working to improve the production process with new equipment. (设计师们正在努力用新设备改进生产工艺)”，而本句却指出虽然在努力改进生产工艺，仍然需要很长的时间，前后存在转折关系。故填however。
41．句意：正是千禧一代消费者对更多口味产生了兴趣。interest in固定短语，“对……表现出兴趣”，故填in。
42．句意：他们说，今天冰淇淋产品的口味仅受我们的想象力限制。此处是谓语动词，与主语the tastes“口味”构成动宾关系，故需要使用被动语态，主语为复数，且表示现状，应用一般现在时的被动语态，助动词用are。故填are limited。
43．句意：但根据经济专家Elsebeth Baungaard的说法，下一个趋势将不再是创新，而是规模。分析句意可知，因为空格后的名词expert“专家”为可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，空格处应该填写不定冠词an。故填an。
44．句意：但根据经济专家Elsebeth Baungaard的说法，下一个趋势将不再是创新，而是规模。分析句意可知，因为下文size“规模”使用了比较级more“更多的”修饰，形容词little“少的”也需要使用比较级形式less“更少的”，作表语。故填less。
45．句意：她说：“很抱歉，它只是缩小了尺寸，但质量会更高。”分析句意可知，因为修饰动词reducing“减少，缩小”需要使用副词，作状语。故填simply。
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46．（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
假定你是校英语社社长李华，社团将要排演英语剧 Snow White，需要选拔演员。请你写一则书面通知，内容包括：
1）选拔时间、地点；
2）参选要求；
3）期待参加。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice
【答案】Notice
To fuel our enthusiasm for English drama, our society/club is going to put on an English play Snow White and we're recruiting actors and actresses.
The tryout is scheduled for 9 a. m. this Saturday in the school auditorium. First, fluency in English is a must, which will guarantee the audience better appreciation of classical English works. Additionally, passion for performing and team spirit are necessary, for the rehearsal is challenging and demanding. Finally, priority will be given to those with previous performing experiences.
Let's explore the world of art together! Looking forward to your participation.
The English Club/Society
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以校英语社社长李华的身份写一则书面通知 。写作背景： 社团将要排演英语剧 Snow White，需要选拔演员。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）选拔时间、地点；2）参选要求；3）期待参加。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：To fuel our enthusiasm for English drama, our society/club is going to put on an English play Snow White and we're recruiting actors and actresses.运用了不定式作目的状语，并列句；The tryout is scheduled for 9 a. m. this Saturday in the school auditorium.运用了被动语态； First, fluency in English is a must, which will guarantee the audience better appreciation of classical English works. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Additionally, passion for performing and team spirit are necessary, for the rehearsal is challenging and demanding.运用了原因并列句； Finally, priority will be given to those with previous performing experiences.运用了被动语态；Let's explore the world of art together! 运用了祈使句。
47．（2023高二下·浙江开学考）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Erika
and the Necklace
Erika and her little sister
Beth sneaked into their mommy's room. "I'm just going to try on some
jewelry," said Erika. She took a necklace and tried to put it on her neck.
"Oh, no,' said Beth. "Mommy doesn't like us playing with her stuff. "
"Okay, you be the lookout," instructed Erika. "Stand by the door
and let me know if Mommy comes up the stairs. "
Before Beth got to the
door, Bouncer, the family's Bernedoodle dog, bounded into the room and almost
knocked Erika down. The necklace went flying. It had barely hit the floor when
Bouncer bit it and raced off.
"Bouncer!
Bouncer!" yelled Erika. "Beth, help me get the necklace back. "
The girls were hot on Bouncer's tail. "Stop!" they yelled. Bouncer
dashed down the stairs and into the living room. He stopped just long enough for
the girls to get close to him. Then of he went. "Stop!" yelled Erika.
"Beth, you go the other way. We'll corner him in the dining room. "
Erika met Beth in the
dining room. Sure enough, Bouncer was there waiting for them. He was down low
on his front legs with his tail in the air, ready to play. "Grab
him!" screamed Erika.
Just as Beth was about
to grab him, Bouncer took off. He whizzed (嗖地移动)
by Beth and Erika. "Stop, you troublemaker!" yelled Erika as she
raced after him. The girls were getting close again, but Bouncer zoomed down
the basement stairs. The girls raced after him. "I don't see him,"
said Beth. Erika scratched her head. "He's got to be down here. He's
hiding. "
Just then Mom called
to the girls. "Erika, what's al the noise What's wrong I heard you from
the yard. " "Uh, oh," whispered Erika. "Uh. . nothing's
wrong," she shouted.
Beth dashed up the
stairs. Erika heard her telling Mom everything. "That blabber mouth (多嘴的人)，"said Erika under her breath.
注意：
1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph
1:
"ERIKA! said Mom.
"Up here right now. "
Paragraph2:
Mom and Beth followed
her into the basement (地下室), Erika
carrying the snacks.
【答案】 "ERIKA!" said Mom. "Up here right now." Hurrying upstairs, Erika could feel her blood rushing to her face. While she was trying hard to find an excuse, Mom's voice broke in. "Where is he now " asked Mom, with arms crossed. Not daring to look into Mom's eyes, Erika just pointed to the basement as a reply. The three remained silent, wondering how to get the necklace back. Suddenly, an idea flashed across Erika's mind. She went straight to the kitchen counter and took some snacks. "I know what to do. Just come with me," she smiled.
Mom and Beth followed her into the basement, Erika carrying the snacks. "Bouncer," called Erika, "I've got a treat for you." Lickety-split, Bouncer was at Erika's feet, pricking up his ears and wagging his tail. Just at that moment, Erika grabbed his collar and pulled the necklace from his mouth. Handing the necklace to Mom, Erika apologized, "Sorry, Mom. I shouldn't have touched your stuff. I'm the troublemaker." Head drooping, Erika tried to overcome the immense guilt, while Bouncer was nudging her to pet him. "So long as you admit your fault," said Mom, gently patting her girls and the little "troublemaker".
【知识点】文字式记叙文；半开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Erika和Beth偷偷溜进妈妈的房间后，Erika偷偷拿了妈妈的项链戴在脖子上，Beth提醒她，妈妈不喜欢她们摆弄自己的东西，但是Erika没有听Beth的话。之后家里的狗Bouncer跑进房间撞倒Erika，导致项链飞出去，被Bouncer叼到了，随后它叼着项链跑开了。于是姐妹俩开始追Bouncer，要取回项链。期间追赶Bouncer发出的噪音引起了妈妈的注意，在妈妈询问发生了什么事后，Beth将这件事告诉了妈妈。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“‘ERIKA！’妈妈说，‘现在立刻上楼。’”可知，第一段可描写Erika上楼后，妈妈问她狗现在在哪里，Erika告诉妈妈在地下室，并告诉妈妈她想出了一个如何将项链取下来的主意。②由第二段首句内容“妈妈和Beth跟着Erika 进了地下室，Erika 拿着零食。”可知，第二段可描写Erika用零食将狗哄骗过来，从狗的脖子上拿下妈妈的项链，并向妈妈道歉。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：While she was trying hard to find an excuse, Mom's voice broke in. 运用了时间状语从句；"Where is he now " asked Mom, with arms crossed. 运用了倒装句，with的复合结构；The three remained silent, wondering how to get the necklace back. 运用了现在分词作状语，“疑问词+不定式”作宾语； Head drooping, Erika tried to overcome the immense guilt, while Bouncer was nudging her to pet him.运用了独立主格结构，对比并列句。

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