中考英语总复习--定语从句
概念
复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。从句放在所修饰的词(即先行词)之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
先行词
被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，位于从句之前。
引导词
关系代词that，which，who(宾格为whom，所有格为whose)
关系副词where，when，why等。（本单元我们主要学习关系代词引导的定语从句。）
具体运用
①that既可指人可指物，在句中作主语，不能省，作宾语，可以省略。
eg：He is a man that/who often helps others. (作主语)
②which指物，在句中作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
eg：She likes to live in a room which/that is big and bright. (作主语)
eg：The story (which/that) she told them was very interesting. (作宾语)
③who指人，在句中作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
eg：Here is the man who/that is the most handsome star in the film.(作主语)
④whom指人，在句中只能作宾语，可以省略。
eg：He isn't the man (whom/who/that) I talked to just now. (作宾语)
⑤whose既可指人也可指物，在句中作定语。表示所属关系。
eg：Is there anyone in our class whose father is a doctor？
eg: This is the classroom whose windows are blue.
【特殊情况】
1.先行词指物时，只能用that，不能用which：
①先行词是all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时。
eg: Tom told his mother all that had happened.
②先行词前面有the only, the very, the last 等修饰时。
eg: This is the only book that I can find.
③先行词前面有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
eg: This is the best book that I have ever read.
④当先行词中既有人又有物时。
eg: I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.
2.先行词指物时，只能用which的情况：
①关系代词放在介词之后。
eg: This is the factory in which we once worked.
②that, those作主语时。
eg: Those which are on the desk are English books.
【巩固练习】
一、把下列简单句改为含定语从句的复合句。
1．I'll never forget the farm.I visited it in 2003.
I'll never forget the farm _______________________in 2003.
2．The building is a middle school.It stands near the post office.
The building ________________________near the post office ___a middle school.
3．The man teaches us English.He comes from Hainan.
The man ________________________comes from Hainan.
4．The book is interesting.You lent it to me yesterday.
The book ___________________to me yesterday is interesting.
5．My grandfather doesn't like these songs.These songs are too long.
My grandfather doesn't like these songs ________________too long.
二、单选。
( )1.The place ______ interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A.which B.where C.what D.in which
( )2.Do you know the man _____
A.whom I spoke B. to whom spoke
C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
( )3.This is the hotel ______ last month.
Which they stayed B. at that they stayed
Where they stayed at D. where they stayed
( )4. That is the day ______ I’ll never forget.
which B.on which C. in which D.when
( )5. The factory ______ we’ll visit next week isn’t far from here.
A.where B.to which C.which D.in which
( )6.Is there anyone in your class _____ family is in the country
A.who B.who’s C.which D.whose
( )7. I will never forget the day _____ I spent with your family.
that B.who C.whose D.whom
( )8.1．—Why don't you like fishing？
—Fishing is a hobby ____ needs much patience，but I'm not patient at all.
A．who　　 　 B．that　　 　 C．it　　　 　 D．what
( )9．The woman ____ is the most important in my life is my mother.(2015，杭州)
A．why B．who C．whom D．what
( )10.She is the girl ____ invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A．who B．that C．which D．Whose
( )11. Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need.
A. what B. who C. whom D. which
( )12. This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.
A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
( )13. Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
( )14. The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting.
A. / B. why C. when D. what
( )15. I have found some pictures of the most interesting places _____ you can visit during the winter holidays.
A. where B. which C. what D. that
( )16.Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience ________ people cannot get at home.
A. that B. who C. whom D.whose
( )17.The wolves hid themselves in the places ________ couldn’t be found.
A.that B.where C. in which D. in that
( )18. I’ll tell you __________he told me last week.
A. all which B. that C.all that D. which
( )19. That tree__________branches (枝干) are almost bare is very old.
A. whose B. of which C. inwhich D. on which
( )20. We’re talking about the pianist _______ was in the concert we attended last night.
A. which B. whom C. who D.that
( )21. The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A. who is singing B. issinging C. sang D. was singing
( )22. Those _______ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.
A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn
( )23. Anyone ________ thisopinion may speak out.
A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who are against
( )24. Can you lend me thenovel ______ the other day
A. that you talked B. youtalked about it
C. which you talked with D. you talked about
( )25. Is there anything_______ to you
A. that is belonged B.that belongs
C. that belong D. whichbelongs
( )26. -- “How do you likethe book ”
-- “It’s quite differentfrom _______ I read last month.”
A. That B. which C. theone D. the one what
( )27. Mr. Zhang gave thetextbook to all the pupils except ___ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones C.some D. the others
( )28. Antarctic _______ weknow very little is covered with thick ice all the year round
A. which B. where C. that D. about which
( )29. May the fourth is theday ______ we Chinese people will never forget.
A. which B. when C. onwhich D. about which
( )30. Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience ________ people cannot get at home.
A. that B. who C. whom D.which

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