【名师原创】：Unit3 易混易错点辨析
●advise; suggest
【教材原句】
But in the end, you just advised me to think carefully. (教材P27)
【辨析】
两者都有“建议”的意思，但有些意义和用法有一定区别。
advise 意思是“建议，提议，劝告，奉劝，报告”，常构成以下结构：
advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不）做某事
advise + sth./doing sth. 提议某事/建议或提议做某事
advise (sb.) against doing sth. 奉劝/建议（某人）不做某事
advise + that sb. (should) +do sth. 建议某人做某事，should可以省略。
It is advised that…..= It is suggested that…..有人建议/提议…..
suggest意思是“建议，提议；推荐，举荐；暗示，表明”，常构成以下机构：
suggest sb. (sb’s) doing sth. 建议某人做某事 = advise sb. to do sth.
suggest sth./doing sth. 提议某事/建议或提议做某事 = advise + sth./doing sth.
suggest + that sb. (should) +do sth. = advise + that sb. (should) +do sth.
建议某人做某事，should可以省略。
suggest to sb. that…..提议/建议某人某事；向某人建议/提议…..
It is suggested that…. = It is advised that…..有人建议/提议…..
温馨提示：suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面的宾语从句的谓语动词不用虚拟语气(should do sth.)，而要根据情况用不同的时态。
【例句呈现】
You would be well advised to tackle this problem urgently.
你还是抓紧处理这个问题为好。
Your lawyer can advise you whether to take any action.
你的律师可以告诉你是否起诉。
I will contact you later to advise you when to come.
稍后我会与你联系，通知你何时前来。
It is strongly advised that you take out insurance.
奉劝你务必办理保险。
We've been advised not to risk travelling in these conditions.
我们受到忠告，在这种条件下不要冒险出行。
Police are advising people to stay at home.
警方告诫民众要留在家里。
I'd advise you against doing that.
我劝你别做那事。
The smile on his face seemed to suggest that he was happy to have lost his life for his country.
他脸上的笑容似乎暗示出他很高兴为自己的祖国献出了生命。
He suggested to the committee that they should delay making a decision.
他向委员会建议推迟决定时间。
I suggest you take the forms away and read them at your leisure.
我建议你把表格带回去有空慢慢看。
Her evidence suggests a different interpretation of the events.
她的证据显示这些事件可能有另外一种解释。
It has been suggested that bright children should take their exams early.
有人提议天资好的孩子提前考试。
I suggested going in my car.
我提议坐我的车去。
I suggest we go out to eat.
我提议我们出去吃吧。
【考点训练】
根据advise和suggest的用法，用其适当形式填空
1. He ________ me to go to hospital to examine the day before yesterday.
2. He ________ buying a car just now.
3. He ________ that I (should) buy a computer last week.
4. Mother _______ me/my selling the old house.
5. I advised that he _______ (go) to the cinema.
6. His pale face suggests that he _______ (be) ill now.
7. Her pale face suggested that she ____ (be) seriously ill, and her parents suggested that she ______ (go) to see the doctor.
8. Dentists ________ you to have your teeth checked every six months.
9. They advise that a passport ________ (carry) with you at all times.
10. I'd ________ buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.
11. He ________ to reduce his alcohol consumption.
12. I ________ sharing the cost, but he wasn't having any of it.
13. She helpfully ________ that I try the local library yesterday.
14. Can you _______ a good dictionary to me
【参考答案】
1. advised; 2. advised/suggested; 3. advised/suggested; 4. suggested; 5. go/should go; 6. is; 7. was, go/should go; 8. advise; 9. be carried; 10. advise/suggest; 11. was advised; 12. suggested/advised; 13. advised/suggested; 14. suggest
●seat；sit
【教材原句】
Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess. (教材P29)
【辨析】
两者都有“坐”的意思，但用法有区别。
seat除了作名词表示“座位”外，也可以做及物动词，意思是“使…坐下；使（多少）人坐得下”。主语可以是人，也可以是地点。
sit意思是“坐”，一般做不及物动词，sit around的意思是“闲坐着”
【例句呈现】
The old man seated himself reading a newspaper at a desk.
这位老人坐在桌旁看报纸。
Come in and please be seated．
请坐进来坐吧。
Our school auditorium seats one thousand pupils.
我们学校的礼堂可容纳一千个学生。
His students are seated at their desks doing their homework now.
现在，学生们坐在桌旁写作业。
She was seated at the head of the table.
她坐在桌子的上座。
The aircraft seats 200 passengers.
这架飞机能坐200名乘客。
He is sitting on the grass of our garden.
他坐正花园的草地上。
I could sit and watch the river all day long.
我可以整天坐在这里看那条河。
I don't get much exercise sitting in the office all day.
我整天坐在办公室很少运动。
He sat taking notes of everything that was said.
他坐在那儿记下了所说的每一件事。
Six people, and more at a pinch, could be seated comfortably at the table.
这张桌子可以很舒服地坐6个人，而且必要时多坐几个也不会挤。
He was comfortably seated in a soft reclining chair.
他舒舒服服地坐在柔软的躺椅上。
They were seated at a table outside a pub in a pleasant piazza close by St Paul's
在圣保罗教堂旁一个怡人的广场上，他们坐在一家酒馆外的桌边。
【考点过关】
根据seat和sit的用法填空
1. Our _______ (supply) were running out.
2. Teachers provide a model ______ children to imitate.
3. The charity aims ________ (provide) assistance to people in need.
4. The cars will _______ (supply) to people all over the country.
5. Cows supply us _______ milk.
6. In Britain milk is supplied ______ each house in bottles.
7. We _______ (offer, provide) customers a free home delivery service.
8. The statistics offer further support _______ our theory.
9. We _______ (offer , supply, provide) a personal service to all our customers.
10. His company offers a flexible packaging service _______ the food industry.
【参考答案】
1. to sit; 2. seat; 3. sitting; 4. seats; 5. seated; 6. to sit; 7. seated; 8. seated; 9. sitting; 10. was seated; 11. was seated; 12. seated; 13. Seated
●even though (= even if); as though (= as if)
【教材原句】
Strangely, his beard is still red even though his hair is turning grey! (教材P30)
【辨析】
两者都可以引导状语从句，但意思完全不同。
even though (= even if) 意思是“即使，尽管，纵然”，引导让步状语从句。
as though (= as if) 意思是“仿佛，好像”，引导方式状语从句；在look, seem, feel, sound等系动词后引导表语从句。
温馨提示：as if/though引导的从句有时用虚拟语气
①如果句子所述内容是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时, as if/though从句谓语动词用陈述语气。
②如果从句所述内容是不真实的或不可能发生或存在的情况时,as if/though从句谓语动词用虚拟语气, 即根据不同情况谓语动词用一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反）、过去完成时（与过去事实相反）和would/could/might + 动词原形（与将来事实相反）。
【例句呈现】
Children universally prefer to live in peace and security, even if/though that means living with only one parent
孩子们普遍愿意过平静安宁的生活，即便这意味着只能与单亲生活在一起。
Even if/though you are on a fairly strict diet you can still go out for a good meal.
即使是在严格地节食，也可以出去吃顿好的。
Even if/though you have had a regular physical check-up recently, you should still seek a medical opinion.
即使近期做过一次常规体检，也应当征求医生的意见。
Nevertheless, it's good to know you've had good notices, even if/though you don't read them.
不过，即便你不看，知道有一些对你的好评也挺好。
Even if/Though I'm overstating the case for nutrition, at least it will result in the woman being in charge of her own symptoms
即便我夸大了营养的重要性，但至少它会让这个女人知道关注自己的症状。
Actually, there's no guarantee of success even if/though you can get the money.
实际上，即使你能得到那笔资金，也不一定会成功。
It felt as if/though we had reversed our roles of parent and child.
感觉就像我们父母和孩子交换了角色。
He looked as if/though nothing could faze him.
他显得镇静自若，遇事不惊。
It was uncanny really, almost as if/though she knew what I was thinking.
真是不可思议，她好像知道我在想什么似的。
He behaved as if/though nothing had happened.
他表现得若无其事。
There was a huge bang as if/though someone had exploded a rocket outside.
突然一声巨响，仿佛有人在外面引爆了火箭似的。
Why must you do everything as if/though you have to win
你为什么做每件事情都跟你非要赢似的？
It sounds as if/though it is raining.
听起来像在下雨。
He talks as if/though he is drunk.
从他说话的样子来看他是醉了。
You look as if/though you didn’t care.
你看上去好像并不在乎。
He talked as if/though he knew what had happened.
他说话的样子,好像他知道发生了什么事情。
He opened his mouth as if/though he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
It looks as if/though it might snow.
看来好像要下雪了。
【考点过关】
用even though/if, as though/if填空
1. Old enemies can become new friends ______ all their national interests are not in complete accord.
2. The child talked to us ______ he were a grown-up.
3. I only take on work that excites me, ______ it means turning down lots of money
4. He talked about the Great Wall ______ he had been there before.
5. ______ you have dark skin, you still need protection from the sun.
6. The girl listened _______ she had been turned to stone.
7. _______ you did see someone, you can't be sure it was him.
8. He looked ______ he was ill.
9. _______ the weather's awful there's lots to do.
10. It seems ______ it is going to rain.
11. ______ I had the talent to play tennis I couldn't stand the pressure
12. The house looked ______ it was about to fall down.
13. She travels around the world ______ money is no object.
【参考答案】
1. even if/though; 2. as if/though; 3. even if/though; 4. as if/though; 5. Even if/Though; 6. as if/though; 7. Even if/Though; 8. as if/though; 9. Even if/Though; 10. as if/though; 11. Even if/Though; 12. as if/though; 13. as if/though
●celebrate；congratulate
【教材原句】
The day celebrates the importance of families. (教材P31)
【辨析】
两者都有“庆祝”的意思，但含义各有侧重，用法有区别。
celebrate意思是“庆祝;庆贺;主持宗教仪式(尤指圣餐); 赞美; 颂扬; 歌颂”。常用来庆祝节日，生日（诞辰），典礼, 周年，重大节点，纪念日，胜利等，其名词为celebration.
congratulate意思是“向(某人)道贺; 祝贺; (为成就或成功) 感到高兴，感到自豪，赞扬，表扬”，常用来祝贺成就，成绩，成功，进步或成长等，名词为congratulation，常构成以下词组：congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth. 在某方面祝贺某人；congratulate oneself on sth./doing sth. 为某人自己在某方面感到自豪；congratulations on sth./doing sth. 祝贺某事。
【例句呈现】
The college celebrated its silver jubilee last year.
这所学院去年举行了建院25周年庆祝活动。
They celebrated their silver wedding in May.
他们于五月份庆祝了银婚纪念日。
We went out to a restaurant to celebrate.
我们到一家饭店里庆祝了一番。
The club will celebrate its centenary next year.
俱乐部明年要庆祝成立一百周年。
How did you celebrate the millennium
你们是如何欢庆千禧年的？
The group celebrated the regime's rise to power in 1979.
这个集团庆祝该政府于1979年上台执政。
He celebrated the arrival of the New Year with a party for his friends.
他为朋友们举行了一个聚会，庆祝新年的到来。
I congratulated them all on their results.
我为他们取得的成就向他们所有人表示祝贺。
The authors are to be congratulated on producing such a clear and authoritative work.
向创作出这样一部具有权威性又清晰易懂的作品的作者们祝贺。
You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.
你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。
I really must congratulate the organizers for a well run and enjoyable event
活动安排得有条不紊，充满乐趣，我必须要称赞一下组织者。
We specifically wanted to congratulate certain players.
我们特别想表扬几名选手。
She could not but congratulate him.
她只能祝贺他。
He was generous enough to congratulate his successor on his decision.
他十分大度地祝贺他的继任者做出了决定。
【考点过关】
根据celebrate和congratulate的适当形式填空
1. She ________ him on the birth of his son
2. My parents ________ 30 years of marriage now.
3. Over these years, journalists ________ themselves on the role the press has played in the investigations.
4. She always ________ her birthday in style.
5. Just now, we ________ him upon his attainment to so great an age.
6. The couple _________ their golden wedding in January.
7. We ______ him on his being admitted to the Party yesterday.
8. Scottish champs should _______ victory!
9. I _______ him on having passed the examination last week.
10. He returned home each year _______ Christmas and New Year with his family.
11. Let me _______ you on your winning first place in the 100 meter dash.
12. The service was a ________ of his life.
13. “We _______ you beforehand on your success.”
14. The Vietnamese government has fixed on May 19th _____ his anniversary.
15. We _______ them on what they had achieved.
16. Her triumph was a cause for ________.
17. “_________!” he said, slapping me on the back.
【参考答案】
1. congratulated; 2. are celebrating; 3. have been congratulating; 4. celebrates; 5. congratulated; 6. celebrated; 7. congratulated; 8. celebrate; 9. congratulated; 10. to celebrate; 11. congratulate; 12. celebration; 13. congratulate; 14. to celebrate; 15. congratulated; 16. celebration; 17. Congratulations
●contain; include
【教材原句】
The middle part contains the “meat” of the story, with the ending being a summary, a powerful quote or even a surprise for the reader. (教材P32)
【辨析】
两者都有“包含”的意思，但有一定区别。
contain 表示“包含，含有，装有，容纳”，强调“内含（….成分），装有（….东西）”。
include 表示“包括，包含，包括….在内”，强调被包括者是整体的一部分。include后面接名词，代词或动名词；被包括部分放在include 后面时，include 用-ing形式，放在前面时，include 用-ed形式
【例句呈现】
Your duties will include setting up a new computer system.
你的职责将包括建立一个新的计算机系统.
I've got three days' holiday including New Year's Day.
包括元旦在内我有三天假。
The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
这部电影荣获九项奥斯卡金像奖，包括最佳影片奖。
Hotel accommodation is included in the price of your holiday.
你度假的价款包括旅馆住宿在内。
Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.
暴乱中有六人死亡，包括一名警察。
We all went, me included.
我们都去了，连我在内。
The committee includes representatives from industry.
这个委员会包括产业界的代表。
Local activities include walking, boating and golf.
当地的活动包括散步、划船以及打高尔夫球。
The box contains old photographs and souvenirs.
那盒子里放有旧照片和纪念品。
It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.
它含有一种可以防止蚊虫叮咬的强效药物。
The bottle contains two glasses of beer.
这瓶子可装两杯啤酒。
The pill contains vitamins.
这药丸中含有多种维生素。
【考点过关】
根据include, contain 的用法用其适当形式填空
1. It was found that her blood _______ poison.
2. The city has dozens of factories, _______ a power plant and a steelworks.
3. This drink doesn't ________ any alcohol.
4. Six students were playing table tennis, two girls ________.
5. Their diet ________ a lot of fat at present.
6. I ________ apples on the list of things to buy today.
7. How much water does this bottle ________
8. We all know that this book _________ ten short stories.
9. Sea water _________ plenty of salt.
10. My uncle has a lot of duties, _________ taking care of these children.
【参考答案】
1. contained; 2. including; 3. contain; 4. included; 5. contains; 6. include; 7. contain; 8. includes; 9. contains; 10. including
●highly; high(副词)
【教材原句】
Watched by millions, the ending to the race has divided opinions: should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions (教材P28)
【辨析】
high做副词时，表示“在高处，高高地”，通常指具体的高，往往可以测量出来实际的高度。有时也可指地位高。
highly 强调程度，往往具有引申义，指抽象的高，意思是“高度地，极其，非常”。
温馨提示：英语中类似的词还有：deep（深深地，表具体深度）/deeply（深深地， 表抽象程度）; close（近，具体距离）/closely（密切地，表程度）; wide（实际宽地）/widely（广泛地） 等。
【例句呈现】
She is highly intelligent but her work lacks organization.
她聪慧绝顶，工作却缺乏条理。
The university is highly rated for its research.
这所大学因其研究工作而受到高度评价。
The production process is now highly mechanized.
现在的生产过程高度机械化。
Aspirin is a simple but highly effective treatment.
阿司匹林药片治疗方法简便，效果却非常显著。
My teacher spoke highly of what I did.
老师对我的行为做出了高度评价。
He climbed high on a large rock yesterday.
他爬上了很高的一块岩石。
An eagle circled high overhead.
一只鹰在头顶上空盘旋。
I can't jump any higher.
我没法跳得更高了。
She never got very high in the company.
她在公司里从未坐到很高的位置。
His desk was piled high with papers.
他的桌子上摞着高高的一堆文件。
【考点过关】
用highly, high, wide, widely, close, closely, deep, deeply填空
1. He tested _______ in English, but low in Physics.
2. Her work is very _______ regarded.
3. We lived _______ off the hog for two whole weeks while we were on holiday.
4. The situation is ________ dangerous.
5. The bird sang _______ and clearly in the tree.
6. Her novels are very ________ regarded.
7. Do you see that butterfly flying _______ above the street
8. The distinguished guests were _______ praised.
9. He flung the door _______ open.
10. We were _______ different on many questions.
11. She stood _______ against the wall.
12. The police were watching him ______.
13. They had to dig _______ to reach water.
14. You have offended him _______.
15. They were _______ deeply moved by what he said.
【参考答案】
1. high; 2. highly; 3. high; 4. highly; 5. high; 6. highly; 7. high; 8. highly; 9. wide; 10. widely; 11. close; 12. closely; 13. deep; 14. deeply; 15. deeply; 11. as; 12. because
●be about to do…when… = be on the point of doing…when…；be doing…when…；had just done…when…
【教材原句】
I was about to throw everything away when my mother came in. (教材P35)
【辨析】
三者都有“当….时突然….”的意思，但是有一定区别。
be about to do…when…= be on the point of doing…when…意思是“就要做某事突然发生了另一件事”。
be doing…when…意思是“正在做某事突然发生了另外一件事”。
had just done…when…意思是“刚做完一件事突然发生了另一件事”。
【例句呈现】
He was just about to dive when he saw the shark.
他刚要跳水，突然看见了鲨鱼。
He had just had his meal when a familiar voice came to his ears.
他刚吃完饭，突然听到一个熟悉的声音。
Jim was on the point of telling a funny story when he broke off to answer the telephone.
吉姆正要讲一个可笑的故事，突然停下来接了个电话。
He was on the point of giving up when his mother encouraged him.
他正要放弃时，母亲鼓励了他。
I was about to steal a few pieces of silver when I saw a man from the other side of the street come running into the shop.
我正要偷几块银子，突然看见一个男人从大街的另一边往店里跑来。
We had marched only a little way when we came upon a group of fifty horsemen.
我们刚走没多远就遇上了一个五十人的马队。
We were doing our homework when the light went out.
我们正在做家庭作业，灯突然熄了。
We were rolling along merrily when suddenly we had a burst tyre.
我们正乘车快乐地行进着，突然间轮胎爆了。
They were watching the World Cup when suddenly the lights went out.
他们正看着世界杯比赛,突然灯灭了。
We were drinking beer and trading stories when suddenly my wife came back.
我们正在喝啤酒，互相侃着奇闻轶事，这时候我妻子突然回来了。
The headmaster was about to leave the office when suddenly a boy rushed in.
校长正要离开办公室,这时一个男孩冲了进来。
He was about to give up the question, when suddenly he found the answer.
当他正准备放弃这个问题时,突然找到了解决的答案。
He was talking away about his plans when suddenly the lights went off.
他还在喋喋不休地讲着他的计划，这时灯突然灭了。
One night I was having a good sleep, when suddenly I heard my dog yapping.
一天夜里我正在熟睡，突然听到狗狂吠起来。
We were having a picnic, when suddenly there came a downpour.
当我们正在举行野餐的时候, 忽然大雨倾盆。
We had just reached home when the petrol gave out.
我们刚到家汽油就没了。
【考点过关】
根据be doing…when…；be about to do…when…= be on the point of doing…when…；had just done…when…用法填空。
1. He had just sat down to think about what to do next ______ suddenly the cat began to speak!
2. They were on the point ______ driving down a country road when suddenly the bus ran off the road and crashed into an old farmer's barn.
3. He had just left when I arrived.
4. The remaining men were about _______ (leave) when suddenly a young man rushed into the house, almost too excited to speak.
5. I was lying awake on my bed ______ suddenly Sarah came inside and started screaming.
6. We were about to talk _______ he suddenly took his jacket and run away.
7. He was enjoying a bag of peanuts ______ he suddenly became short of breath.
8. The whole family was about ______ (have) a happy reunion on the eve of the Spring Festival when the power suddenly went off.
9. We had just fallen asleep ______ the telephone rang.
10. We were about _______ (get) on the train when the explosion occurred.
11. He was ______ the point of describing a rather terrifying experience when there was a loud crash from the bedroom above.
12. She had just finished dressing ______ her guests came in.
【参考答案】
1. when; 2. of; 3. to leave; 4. when; 5. when; 6. when; 7. when; 8. to have; 9. when; 10. to get; 11. on; 12. when
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