Unit5 Using language 能力提升练
一、阅读理解
（2021四川成都外国语学校高一上学期期中）
As the climate warms, birds are shrinking（缩小）and their wingspans are growing, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed 70,716 birds from 52 kinds of North American migratory（迁徙的）bird species collected over 40 years. The authors say the study is the largest of its kind and that the findings are important to understanding how animals will adapt to climate change.
"We found almost all of the species were getting smaller," said lead author Brian Weeks, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan. "The species were pretty diverse, but responding in a similar way," he said. "The consistency（一致性）was shocking." He said studies of animal responses to climate change often focus on shifts in the geographical range or timing of life events, like migration and birth. But this study suggests body morphology（形态）is a crucial third aspect.
"That's one major implication," he said. "It's hard to understand how birds will adapt without taking all three of these things into consideration."
The findings showed that from 1978 to 2016, the length of the birds' lower leg bone shortened by 2.4%. Over the same time, the wings lengthened by 1.3%.
The evidence suggests warming temperatures caused the decrease in body size, which in turn caused the increase in wing length.
"Migration is an incredibly taxing thing they do," Mr. Weeks said, explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys. He says the birds most likely to survive migration were the ones with longer wingspans and smaller bodies.
The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink. One theory is that smaller animals are better at cooling off, losing body heat more quickly.
1. What's the best title for the text
A. All of the Birds Are Getting Smaller
B. Animals Are Adapting to Climate Change
C. Climate Change Is Causing Birds to Shrink
D. Scientists Are Finding Causes of Warm Climate
2. What made Brian Weeks feel astonished
A. It took 40 years to collect 70,716 birds from North America.
B. Many birds are shrinking when responding to the climate change.
C. All migratory bird species were collected to do the important research.
D. So many researchers take part in the largest study to work out the findings.
3. What does the underlined word "taxing" in Paragraph 6 most probably mean
A. Tiring.
B. Important.
C. Easy.
D. Pleasant.
4. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The migratory birds aren't big.
B. The temperatures will be higher.
C. The scientists will go on further study.
D. The smaller animals will surely live longer.
B
（2020山东烟台高一上期末）
Snow leopards（雪豹）are so hard to photograph that scientists aren't even sure how many of these endangered animals still live in the wild.
The Snow Leopard Conservancy（SLC）set up 20 cameras in Russia in 2010 to learn more about the big cats. After a full six months, they had exactly zero picture! That's when the organization understood they needed help. And the only people who could help them in finding the leopards were the very people from whom they wanted to protect the animals-local hunters（猎人）.
Hunting snow leopards is against the law in Russia, but in the terrible climate of Siberia, the few people living there had to turn to poaching（盗猎）to feed their families.
In 2013, Russian naturalist Sergei Spitsyn approached Mergen Markov, a local hunter, and told him his project. Markov agreed to set up the camera where he knew he would find leopards, and it worked.
Markov, once a poacher, works full time for the conservationists now and has 10 cameras monitoring leopards. "I visit each camera once a month. I have known this whole region since I was a child," he said proudly.
The World Wildlife Fund（WWF）began working with other local villagers in 2015. The village would be paid 40,000 rubles at the end of the year if the image of a snow leopard is caught. The WWF also rents horses from the villagers so that they do not need to make money by poaching anymore. "Today there are far fewer leopard poachers but leopards still get caught in traps set for other animals, so I have to stay watchful," said Markov.
Changing guns for cameras has s made a big difference in the lives of these former poachers, the village, and the Russian snow leopards. The number of snow leopards has been rising and their population is expected to recover to normal levels within 10 years.
5. Why was no picture of snow leopards taken in six months
A. SLC's 20 cameras failed to work properly
B. The number of snow leopards in the wild was too small.
C. The local poachers destroyed these cameras on purpose.
D. The researchers knew little about the animal's living habits.
6. What did Sergei Spitsyn persuade Markov to do
A. Find the poachers.
B. Repair cameras in the forest.
C. Catch more leopards.
D. Work for the SLC.
7. Why did the WWF begin working with local villagers
A. To get some pictures of snow leopards.
B. To help villagers make a living.
C. To prevent villagers from hunting animals.
D. To rent their horses at a low price.
8. How can we describe the WWF's cooperation with the villagers
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Curiosity kills the cat.
C. Kill two birds with one stone.
D. Old habits die hard.
二、语法填空
（2021独家原创试题）
An important decision 1 make by t the NPC Standing Committee（全国人大常委会）on February, 2020. The decision made 2 clear that all animals, including those on the protection list of the existing Wild Animal Protection Law or other laws and all terrestrial（陆生的）wildlife, are banned from consumption. The decision announced that anyone 3 illegally hunts, trades, transports or eats wild animals on the protection list of existing laws will be 4 （severe）punished. The decision also said any store 5 （break）the law will be closed and face heavy 6 （punish）. "Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus. the 7 （risk）of eating wild animals have aroused wide public concern, " an official said. "At the critical moment in epidemic prevention and control, it's highly necessary for the NPC Standing Committee 8 （pass）such a special decision. "
However, aquatic（水生的）wild animals like fish are not on the prohibition mon poultry（家禽）and livestock（家畜）like pigs, cattle and sheep are also not on the list. Animals that 9 （raise）for a long time, such as pigeons and rabbits are not on the list, either. "The decision may cause economic losses to some farmers who raise animals. Local governments should support and help them to adjust and transform production, and offer them compensation depending 10 the practical situation, " the official said.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀在增长，原因未知。
1.C文章标题题。根据第一段中As the climate warms，birds are shrinking（缩小）and their wingspans are growing，according to a new study.（一项新的研究显示，随着气候变暖，鸟类在缩小，翼幅也在增长。）和最后一段中The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.（科学家们还不完全清楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。）可知，本文主要介绍了随着气候变暖，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀在增长，原因未知。因此本文最好的题目是C项“气候变化正导致鸟类缩小”。本题易误选A项“所有的鸟都在变得更小”，注意本选项未表明造成鸟变小的原因，故排除A项。
2.B细节理解题。根据第二段中“We found almost all of the species were getting smaller，said lead author Brian Weeks，an assistant professor at the University of Michigan.（作为主要作者的密歇根大学助理教授Brian Weeks说：“我们发现几乎所有的物种都在变小。”）和“The species were pretty diverse，but responding in a similar way，”he said.“The consistency（一致性）was shocking.”（他说：“这些物种非常多样化，但它们的反应是相似的。这种一致性令人震惊。”）可知，Brian Weeks认为许多鸟类在应对气候变化时都在缩小是令人震惊的，故选B项。
3.A词义猜测题。根据画线词后文中explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys可知，画线词所在部分语境为：迁徙是它们做的一件非常疲劳的事情，故画线词taxing意为“疲劳的”。tiring使人疲劳的；important重要的；easy轻松的；pleasant令人愉快的。故选A项。
4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.（科学家们还不完全确定为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。）可知，科学家还不知道气温升高导致鸟类缩小的原因。由此可推断出，科学家们将继续深入研究，故选C项。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了雪豹保护协会安装摄像头去拍摄雪豹的照片，了解有多少雪豹生存在野外，但没有拍到照片，于是他们找猎人帮助，猎人因此不再捕杀雪豹，雪豹的数量一直在增加。
5.B推理判断题。根据第一段中的...scientists aren't even sure how many of these endangered animals still live in the wild. 可知，科学家们甚至不确定这些濒危动物有多少仍在野外生存。由此可推断出，6个月内没有拍到雪豹照片是因为数量太少了，故选B项。A项“SLC的20台照相机不能正常工作”、C项“当地的偷猎者故意毁坏了这些照相机”和D项“研究人员对这种动物的生活习惯知之甚少”在文中均未提及。
6.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的Markov agreed to set up the camera where he knew he would find leopards，and it worked.及第五段中的Markov，once a poacher，works full time for the conservationists now可知，Sergei Spitsyn找到猎人Mergen Markov是为了让他帮忙拍摄雪豹照片，Mergen Markov现在全职为自然环境保护主义者工作。因此，Sergei Spitsyn劝说Markov为雪豹保护协会工作，故选D项。
7.A细节理解题。根据第六段中的The World Wildlife Fund（WWF）began working with other local villagers in 2015. The village would be paid 40,000 rubles at the end of the year if the image of a snow leopard is caught.可知，2015年，世界自然基金会开始与当地其他村民合作。如果获取到雪豹的图像，该村将在年底得到4万卢布的报酬。可知世界自然基金会同当地村民合作就是为了获取雪豹的图像，故选A项。
8.C推理判断题。根据第六段中的The village would be paid 40,000 rubles at the end of the year...by poaching anymore.可知，如果获取到雪豹的图像，该村将在年底得到4万卢布的报酬。世界自然基金会还从村民那里租马匹，这样他们就不需要再通过偷猎赚钱了。因此世界自然基金会和当地村民的合作既可以帮助基金会获取雪豹的图像，又可以帮助当地村民赚钱。Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧；Curiosity kills the cat.好奇心害死猫；Kill two birds with one stone.一石二鸟；Old habits die hard.旧习难改。因此他们的合作同C项描述更贴切。
二、语法填空
语篇解读：全国人大常委会2020年2月24日表决通过了关于全面禁止非法野生动物交易的决定。同时，当地政府应适当采取措施补偿受影响的农户的利益。
1.was made考查时态及语态。句意：全国人大常委会于2020年2月作出一项重要决定。根据时间状语on February，2020可知，本空应用一般过去时；且句子主语decision和动词make之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般过去时的被动语态。
2.it考查it作形式宾语。句意：该决定明确指出，禁止食用所有动物，包括现行《野生动物保护法》或其他法律保护名单上的动物和所有陆生野生动物。本句中that引导宾语从句，故用it作形式宾语。
3.who考查定语从句。句意：该决定宣布，任何非法猎捕、买卖、运输、食用列入现行法律保护名录的野生动物的人都将被严厉处罚。本空引导定语从句，修饰代词anyone，本空在从句中作主语且指人，故应用关系代词who。
4.severely考查副词。句意参考上题。本空应用副词作状语修饰动词，故填severely，意为“严厉地”。
5.breaking考查现在分词。句意：该决定还指出，任何违反法律的商店都将被关闭，并面临重罚。本空修饰名词store，被修饰词store和动词break之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故本空应用现在分词作定语。
6.punishment考查名词。句意参考上题。根据空前形容词heavy可知，本空应用名词punishment。总结：常见的“动词+-ment变名词”：develop→development；move→movement；improve-improvement；achieve-achievement；arrange arrangement；manage-management；assign-assignment；agree→agreement；enjoy→enjoyment；judge→judgement；appoint→appointment；equip→equipment等。
7.risks考查名词复数。句意：一位官员说：“自从新型冠状病毒暴发以来，食用野生动物的风险已经引起了公众的广泛关注。”根据直接引语中的谓语动词have aroused可知，本空应用复数形式。
8.to pass考查不定式。句意：在预防和控制流行病的关键时刻，全国人大常委会通过这样一项特别的决定是非常必要的。本句中t作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。
9.have been raised考查时态及语态。句意：……经过长期饲养的动物，如鸽子和兔子，也没有在名单中。根据时间状语for a long time可知，本空应用现在完成时；且从句主语that指的是名词Animals，和动词raise之间为被动关系，故本空应用现在完成时的被动语态
10.on考查介词。句意：……根据实际情况给他们提供补偿。depend on取决于；依赖。
2 / 2Unit5 Using language 基础过关练
一、单词拼写
1.The education________（当局）in Liaoning province has banned teachers from asking parents to grade students' homework.
2.This hotel provides comfortable, secure and clean________（住处）for the travelers.
3.People now turn to social media as their________（来源）of information.
4.Let's think of a situation where this________（习语）can be used.
5.Zhang Guimei, who________（创建）Huaping High School for Girls in 2008, is awarded the title "Role Model of the Times" for her contribution to the education for girls from poor families.
二、单句语法填空
1.This is the room ________the famous writer Lao She once lived.
2.China is the only country in the world ________wild pandas can be found.
3.The reason ________he was late was that his car broke down on the way.
4.He wanted to know the reason ________I told the manager for my mistake.
5.I still remember the happy days ________I lived in the countryside.
6.The school ________I referred to just now was three kilometres away from my home.
7.We visited the car factory ________my uncle once worked three years ago.
8.This is the primary school ________my brother and I stayed for six years.
9.We are now in a good position ________all is in our hands.
10.No matter how talkative you are, there are times ________it's better to remain silent.
三、合并句子（使用关系副词）
1.I'll never forget the days. We prepared for the exam together in those days.
→___________________________________________________________________
2.Give me one good reason. I should help you for the reason.
→___________________________________________________________________
3.She is going to live in China. She has some close friends in China.
→___________________________________________________________________
4.Gone are the days. Farmers lived in the poor houses in those days.
→___________________________________________________________________
5.The house has been rebuilt. I lived in the house ten years ago.
→___________________________________________________________________
6.We can always find some reasons. We give up trying for these reasons.
→___________________________________________________________________
7.Yesterday I paid a visit to the house. My parents once lived in the house.
→___________________________________________________________________
8.Can you tell me the reason You sold your new car for the reason.
→___________________________________________________________________
9.I will never forget the years. We worked on the farm together in those years.
→___________________________________________________________________
10.Many countries are now setting up national parks. Animals and plants can be protected in the national parks.
→___________________________________________________________________
四、完成句子
1.这是我出生的那家医院。
This is the hospital________ ________ ________ ________.
2.他告诉我的理由是合理的。
The reason ________ ________ ________ ________ is reasonable.
3.我永远不会忘记我们搬进新居的那一天。
I will never forget the day ________ ________ ________ ________ our new house.
4.见到那个花园使我回想起我们住在巴黎时的日子。
The sight of the garden brought me back to the days ________ ________ ________ in Paris.
5.我是来向你解释我缺席你生日派对的原因的。
I have come to explain the reason ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ your birthday party to you.
参考答案：
一、单词拼写
1.authority 2.accommodation 3.source 4.idiom 5.founded
二、单句语法填空
1.where考查定语从句。句意：这是著名作家老舍曾经住过的房间。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词room，本空在从句中作地，点状语，故应用关系副词where。
2.where考查定语从句。句意：中国是世界上唯一一个可以发现野生大熊猫的国家。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词country，本空在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。
3.why考查定语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是他的车在路上抛锚了。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词reason，本空在从句中作原因状语，故应用关系副词why。
4.that/which考查定语从句。句意：他想知道我为我的错误向经理说的原因。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词reason，本空在从句中作told的宾语，故应用关系代词that或which。
5.when考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得我在乡下生活时的那些快乐日子。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词days，本空在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when。
6.that/which考查定语从句。句意：我刚才提到的那个学校离我家三公里远。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词school，本空在从句中作referred to的宾语，故应用关系代词that或which。
7.where考查定语从句。句意：我们参观了我叔叔三年前曾工作过的那个汽车厂。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词car factory，本空在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。
8.where考查定语从句。句意：这是我和弟弟待了六年的小学。本空引导定语从句，修饰primary school，本空在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。
9.where考查定语从句。句意：我们现在处于一个有利的形势，一切尽在我们掌握之中。本空引导定语从句，修饰表抽象地点的名词position，本空在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。
10.when考查定语从句。句意：不管你是多么健谈的人，有时候还是保持沉默比较好。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词times，本空在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when。
三、合并句子（使用关系副词）
1.I'll never forget the days when we prepared for the exam together.
2. Give me one good reason why I should help you.
3. She is going to live in China where she has some close friends.
4. Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.
5. The house where I lived ten years ago has been rebuilt.
6. We can always find some reasons why we give up trying.
7. Yesterday I paid a visit to the house where my parents once lived.
8. Can you tell me the reason why you sold your new car
9.I will never forget the years when we worked on the farm together.
10. Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.
四、完成句子
1. where I was born
2. that/which he told me
3. when we moved into
4. when we lived
5. why I was absent from
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