Unit5 Starting out and Understanding ideas 基础过关练
一、单词拼写
1. China's Beidou-3 Navigation Satellite System can help you find your accurate________（位置）.
2. On December 28, 2020, a deal was reached for 119 drugs, with their prices dropping by an average of 50. 64________（百分比）.
3. The young man is trying to________（寻找）an opportunity to show his ability to the manager.
4. Hangzhou is increasingly becoming a hot place for Chinese graduates returning from overseas, with an average________（每年的）salary of 282,800 yuan.
5. The blue________（鲸）is believed to be the largest living thing on the planet.
6. We must m the length and width of the room to get the exact size of it.
7. He was strongly against my plan at first, but e he accepted it gladly.
8. A c is an organization which aims to help people in need.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
millions of; in trouble; cut down; make sure; feed on
1. He will be ________if he doesn't obey the traffic rules.
2. It is known that t the cows and sheep mainly ________grass.
3. You must ________you have locked the door before you leave.
4. People used to ________the trees and grow crops on the land.
5. The Great Wall is so well-known a tourist attraction that ________people visit it every year.
三、用所给提示词的适当形式填空
1. From the ________expression on his face, we knew that he was ________to take up the job, which needed great patience and ________. （determine）
2. It is an ________discovery so we are ________at it; to our greater ________, it is a disabled man who made the discovery. （amaze）
3. The couple ________the accident, but they were the only two They felt lucky for their________. （survive）
4. People ________forests and rivers for their own benefit. Their ________activities are likely to cause the ________of the earth. （destroy）
5. The expert said it is a safe and ________medicine and has very few side ________on your body. （effect）
四、单句语法填空
1. In order to see the sunrise, they determined________（set）off early the next morning.
2. The________（solve）is not perfect but no one c can come up with a better one at the moment.
3. Human activity has a big effect ________the environment.
4. The number of wild animals in the world________（crash）by about 60 per cent in the past 40 years.
5. The more careful you are when you cross the road, the________（safe）you will be.
五、课文语法填空
Every autumn, millions of the North American monarch butterflies manage 1 （travel）around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to places 2 they will spend the winter.
A team of scientists 3 （lead）by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has discovered that the monarch is able to tell the time of the day and then uses 4 （it）eyes to measure the position of the sun. These two 5 （piece）of information allow the butterfly to determine which way it needs to go.
The monarch's population 6 （crash）by as much as ninety per cent in the last few years. 7 （sad）, human activity is the main reason why 8 number of the North American monarch butterflies is falling.
The research on the monarch's behaviour has however led 9 a greater awareness of this creature. The more we know about this lovely creature. the 10 （great）the chance it will survive.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10. _________
参考答案：
一、单词拼写
1.position 2.percent 3.seek 4.annual 5.whale 6.measure 7.eventually 8.charity
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
1.in trouble 2.feed on 3.make sure 4.cut down 5.millions of
三、用所给提示词的适当形式填空
1.determined; determined; determination
2.amazing; amazed; amazement
3.survived; survivors; survival
4.destroy; destructive; destruction
5.effective; effects
四、单句语法填空
1.to set考查不定式。句意：为了看日出，他们决定第二天早上早点出发。determine to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。
2.solution考查名词。句意：这个解决办法并不完美，但目前没有人能提出一个更好的解决办法了。本空在句中作主语，故应用名词形式。
3.on考查介词。句意：人类活动对自然环境有很大的影响。have an effect on意为“对……有影响”，故本空应用介词on。
4.has crashed考查时态。句意：在过去的40年里，世界上野生动物的数量锐减了大约60%。根据时间状语in the past 40 years可知，本空应用现在完成时。
5.safer考查比较级。句意：过马路时你越小心，就越安全。本句为“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”句型，故本空应用形容词safe的比较级形式。
五、课文语法填空
1.to travel考查不定式。句意：每年秋天，数百万北美洲黑脉金斑蝶设法向南飞行约4,000公里，找到通往它们过冬的地方的路。manage to do sth.意为“成功做成某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。
2.where考查定语从句。句意同上。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词places，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。
3.led考查过去分词。句意：一支由伊莱·史利泽曼教授领导的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队发现，黑脉金斑蝶可以判断一天中的时间，另外还能用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。本空修饰名词短语A team of scientists，且和被修饰短语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故本空应用过去分词作定语。
4.its考查代词。句意同上。本空修饰名词eyes，故应用形容词性物主代词its。
5.pieces考查名词复数。句意：这两条信息可以让黑脉金斑蝶决定它需要往哪个方向走。piece为可数名词，根据空前These two可知，本空应用复数形式。
6.has crashed考查时态。句意：黑脉金斑蝶的数量在过去的几年内骤减了百分之九十之多。根据时间状语in the last few years可知，本空应用现在完成时。
7.Sadly考查副词。句意：遗憾的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。本空修饰整个句子作状语，故应用副词形式。
8.the考查冠词。句意同上。the number of意为“……的数量”，故本空应用定冠词the。
9.to考查介词。句意：不过，对黑脉金斑蝶行为的研究也带来对这种生物更多的认识。lead to意为“导致，带来”，故本空应用介词to。
10.greater考查比较级。句意：我们对这一可爱的生物了解得越多，它得以存活的机会就越大。本句为“he+比较级…，the+比较级…”句型，故本空应用形容词great的比较级形式。
2 / 2Unit5 Starting out and Understanding ideas 能力提升练
一、阅读理解
A
（2021辽宁六校高一上学期期中联考）
Kids Nature and Survival Camp
Set free your kids' imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.
The Activity overview
*4-Day Camp in the Santa Cruz Mountains Basic Survival Skills: shelter, water, fire, food
*Set your own custom（定制的）camp date Details
*The camp will run for 5 hours each day: 9 am-2 pm.
*This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Your kids will do everything they learn-no indoor classrooms or long lectures.
Dates offered
-We offer a public camp date each summer for ages 8-12. For 2021, that date is August 5-8 (9 am-2 pm each day).
-We also arrange custom/private camp dates for both kids and teens all year round.
Extra information
**4-Day Camp: $395
**The shuttle ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz costs $160（$40 per day）
**At this time we do not have shuttle service from the Silicon Valley side of the hill, but we do work to help organize carpools（拼车）from the Los Gatos/Saratoga/Campbell area each year for interested parents.
1. What will kids learn if they join the camp
A. How to do long lectures.
B. How to survive in the wild.
C. How to organize a camp.
D. How to improve their imagination.
2. What's special about the class of camp
A. It is free for all children.
B. Children could learn it online.
C. It is based on practicing in person to learn.
D. Kids could book a public camp date each spring.
3. Which of the following provides shuttle service
A. Los Gatos.
B. Santa Cruz.
C. Saratoga.
D. Campbell.
B
（2021重庆第十八中学高一上学期月考）
The UN Environment Programme says that rising temperatures could mean the end of some migratory animals.
Migratory animals move through several environments as they travel from cold places to warmer areas. Birds may fly from one part of the world to another, perhaps stopping at feeding grounds on the way. Whales and turtles travel through huge areas of the ocean. A report says that changes in anyone of the places where these animals stay can cause serious problems. "Obviously these animals have developed their traveling ways over thousands of years. But climate change is almost certain to be extreme over the next 25 to 50 years. And it is impossible for these animals to change their habits fast enough, " said the report writer Dr. Robert Hepworth.
Turtles are e hit hardest by rising temperatures. Scientists s have found that at higher temperatures, turtles have far more female eggs than male ones. In parts of Malaysia, turtles are only giving birth to female babies. And some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer.
With birds, the main problem is the harm to important areas at the end of their travels or at resting places along the way. About one-fifth of migratory birds are now in danger because of these changes, including the rising sea level, land loss and more strong storms.
Some other animals are now in great danger. For example, the North Atlantic right whale is losing their food because of the changing ocean flow; The white-nosed dolphin is out-competed（淘汰）by other kinds in warmer waters.
The report is not all bad news. Even with the temperature changing, protecting the environment can still help migratory animals return. "We need governments to start taking action all over the world. The clock is ticking. We should make full use of every minute," said Dr. Hepworth. And now some projects are already working! Whales are changing their feeding habits, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat.
4. Why does this rising temperature mean the end of some migratory animals
A. They stop moving through several environments.
B. They can't adapt to the changes during their travelling.
C. Their t travelling habits will be changed fast enough.
D. They keep flying from one part of the world to another.
5. What is the result of the warming according to the passage
A. The North Atlantic right whale may find new food.
B. Some turtles may develop cancer with the warm waters.
C. 1/5 of migratory birds change their feeding habits.
D. The white-nosed dolphin may have only female babies.
6. What does the underlined sentence "The clock is ticking. " mean
A. It takes time to achieve the project.
B. It may be too late to save the world.
C. It's time to solve the problems at once.
D. It's important to stop animals from returning.
7. What's the main topic of the passage
A. Ways to prevent the world from getting warmer.
B. Steps in saving the animals in danger.
C. Animals' competition with others for food.
D. Effect of rising temperatures on migratory animals.
二、七选五
（2020河南洛阳第一中学高一上学期月考）
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You？
We all grew up hearing people tell us to "go out and get some fresh air". 1 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
2 If the air you're breathing is clean-which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）. 3 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood（情绪）. Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 4 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
5 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial vitamin D. To make sure you get enough vitamin D-but still protect your skin-put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项儿童以及青少年学习野外生存技能的营地活动项目。
1.B细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在这个营地活动中，让孩子们学习关于自然环境和生存的重要技能，释放他们的想象力和冒险精神。因此，通过参加这个营地活动，孩子们可以学到野外生存的技能，故选B项。
2.C细节理解题，根据Details部分中This class is 100%hands-on and very active...or long lectures.（这个班级是100%的实践并非常活跃。你的孩子所学的一切，他们都会去做——没有室内教室，也没有冗长的讲座。）可知，在该课程中学生通过亲自实践来学东西，故选C项。
3.B细节理解题。根据Extra information部分中The shuttle ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz costs $160（$40 per day）可知，提供班车服务的地方为Santa Cruz，故选B项。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化对迁徙动物的影响。
4.B推理判断题。根据第二段中Obviously these animals have developed...to change their habits fast enough（显然，这些动物在几千年的时间里形成了它们的迁移方式。但在接下来的25到50年里，气候变化几乎肯定是极大的。这些动物不可能足够快地改变它们的习惯）可推断，气温升高意味着一些迁徙动物的灭绝是因为它们不能适应迁徙途中的变化，故选B项。
5.B细节理解题。根据第三段中And some turtles s are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer.（随着海水变暖，一些海龟更有可能患上癌症。）可知，变暖的结果导致一些海龟在温暖的海水中可能会患上癌症，故选B项。根据第五段中the North Atlantic right whale is losing their food because of the changing ocean flow可知，北大西洋露脊鲸正因为不断变化的洋流而失去食物，故A项“北大西洋露脊鲸可能会找到新的食物。”错误：根据第四段中About one-fifth of migratory birds are now in danger because of these changes（于这些变化，大约五分之一的候鸟现在处于危险之中）可知，C项“五分之一的候鸟改变了它们的食性。”与原文不符；根据第三段中In parts of Malaysia，turtles are only giving birth to female babies.（在马来西亚部分地区，海龟只生雌海龟宝宝。）可知，D项“白鼻海豚可能只有雌性宝宝。”中The white-nosed dolphin错误，偷换概念。
6.C句意猜测题。根据画线句前面内容We need governments to start taking action all over the world.（我们需要政府开始在全世界采取行动。）和后面内容We should make full use of every minute（我们应充分利用每一分钟）可知，需要立即采取行动，时间很紧急。故画线句The clock is ticking.的意思是“是马上解决问题的时候了。”故选C。
7.D主旨大意题。根据第一段The UN Environment Programme...some migratory animals.（联合国环境规划署表示，气温升高可能意味着一些迁徙动物的灭绝。）及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍气温上升对迁徙动物的影响，故选D项。
二、七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气对人体的各种好处。
1.E根据下句中的the answer is a big YES可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。E项（但是新鲜空气真的像你母亲总说的那样对你有好处吗？）承上启下，故选E。
2.A根据下句If the air you're breathing is clean...the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen.可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的、充满活力的氧气。再根据下文中more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain（更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑）可知是对前文的递进，故该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故应选A项（新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。）。
3.G根据下句中的these places可知，该空应该提到表示地，点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，these places就是指Healing Gardens。
4.C前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：看看绿色的、正在成长的植物可以减轻压力、降低血压、使人情绪良好：空后提到“它给我们一种伟大的平和感”。本空起承上启下的作用，说明处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的也要指代这种情况。故选C项（身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。）。
5.D根据下文中提到的the sun's rays...give us beneficial vitamin D可知，该段介绍阳光的好处。故本空应提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D项（获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。）。
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