Unit 5What were you doing when the rainstorm came ？ 语法--when, while引导的时间状语从句 专题练 2024-2025学年下学期初中英语人教版八年级下册
一、语法梳理
1．观察Grammar Focus中后两行的句子，完成下面的内容。
when和while的用法：
(1)如果主句的动作是持续的，而从句的动作是短暂的，此时用 引导时间状语从句，主句用 时态，从句用 时态。
(2)如果主句的动作是短暂性的，从句的动作是持续性的，此时用 引导从句，主句用 时态，从句用 时态。
(3)如果主句和从句的动作在过去的某时刻或某时段同时发生，而且动作都是持续性的，此时用 引导从句，并且主句和从句都用 时态。
看下面的表格，仿照例句，用when和while造句。
Tom Sally
do homework leave
play chess buy some fruit
listen to music arrive at the house
play the guitar come
例句：While Tom was doing his homework, Sally left.
Tom was doing his homework when Sally left.
2．
3．
4．
二、辨析选词填空
when， while
5．Was he waiting for you you got to the bus station
6． I was watching TV last night, my brother was surfing the Internet.
7． I was ten years old, I could play the piano very well.
三、辨析单项选择
8．Maria was playing football with her classmates ________ I met her yesterday.
A．when B．since C．before D．until
9．—How did the accident happen
—The man was reading some messages on his phone ________ walking across the street.
A．unless B．after C．while D．before
10．Her dog was playing with another dog when Linda out of the station.
A．gets B．getting C．was getting D．got
11．While the woman the accident happened.
A．shopped B．is shopping C．was shopping D．shops
12．When the expert gave a talk, the meeting room was very quiet. All of us listened to him _______.
A．in a way B．in surprise C．in silence D．in a mess
13．—I didn’t see your father yesterday when I went to your house.
—Oh, he ________ strawberries on the farm.
A．picks B．picked C．was picking D．has picked
14．Linda was late for school yesterday. She was still sleeping at home _______ the first class began.
A．while B．when C．since
15．The robot _______ my mother sweep the floor when she got home.
A．was helping B．is helping C．will help D．helps
16．My friend ________ his car when I went to see him last Sunday.
A．washed B．was washing C．is washing D．will wash
17．—________did the rainstorm come, Mr. Liu
—While we ________ a chemistry lesson yesterday afternoon.
When; have had B．When; were having C．While; are having D．While; have
四、单词语法填空
18．While we (wait) for the bus, a girl (run) up to us.
19．The teacher (talk) to some parents when I (see) her.
20．While he (read), he heard a girl singing in the next room.
21．We were climbing up the mountain when it began to rain （heavy）.
22．My mother (cook) in the kitchen while my father was watering the flowers.
参考答案
1．(1) when 过去进行时 一般过去时
(2) when/while 一般过去时 过去进行时
(3) while 过去进行时
2．While Tom was playing chess, Sally bought some fruit.
Tom was playing chess, when Sally bought some fruit. 3．While Tom was listening to music, Sally arrived at the house.
Tom was listening to music when Sally arrived at the house. 4．While Tom was playing the guitar, Sally came.
Tom was playing the guitar when Sally came.
5．when 6．While 7．When
5．句意：你到汽车站时他在等你吗 因为时间状语从句中的动词got是短暂性动词，所以应用when引导，故填when。
6．句意：昨晚我看电视的时候，我哥哥正在上网。结合句意主从句两个动作同时发生，多用while引导，句首首字母要大写，故填While。
7．句意：我十岁的时候，钢琴弹得很好。When既指时间点，也可指一段时间；while只能指一段时间。句中从句“I was ten years old”是表示时间点，所以应用when引导，句首首字母要大写，故填When。
8．A
句意：昨天我遇见玛丽亚时，她正和她的同学踢足球。
考查从属连词辨析。when当……时；since自从；before在……之前；until直到。根据“Maria was playing football with her classmates”和“I met her yesterday.”可知，此处表达昨天我遇见玛丽亚时，她正和她的同学踢足球，所以用when“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故选A。
9．C
句意：——事故是怎么发生的？——这个人在过马路的时候正在看手机上的信息。
考查从属连词辨析。unless除非；after在……之后；while当……时；before在……之后。根据“The man was reading some messages on his phone...walking across the street.”可知，这个人在过马路的时候正在看手机上的信息，用while引导时间状语从句，故选C。
10．D
句意：琳达出站时她的狗在与另一只狗玩。
考查时态。when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选D。
11．C
句意：那位妇女购物时，发生了意外。
考查过去进行时。根据“while当……时候”引导的从句用进行时，当某动作正在进行的过程中，另一个动作发生了。根据“the accident happened”可知该用过去进行时。故选C。
12．C
句意：当专家作报告时，会议室里非常安静。我们大家都默默地听他讲。
考查介词短语。in a way在某种程度上；in surprise惊讶地；in silence安静地；沉默地；in a mess一团糟。根据“the meeting room was very quiet.”可知，是指默默地听专家讲话，与前文“会议室很安静” 相呼应。故选C。
13．C
句意：——昨天我去你家的时候，我没有见到你爸爸。——哦，他正在农场摘草莓。
考查时态。根据“when I went to your house”以及“...strawberries on the farm.”可知，此处描述的是过去某一时段正在进行的动作，应用到过去进行时，过去进行时的构成为：was/were+动词-ing形式，故选C。
14．B
句意：琳达昨天上学迟到了。第一节课开始时，她还在家里睡觉。
考查连词辨析。while当……时候；when当……时候；since自从。根据“She was still sleeping at home ... the first class began.”可知此处表示某事发生时另一件事情正在进行，从句是短暂性动作，用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
15．A
句意：当我妈妈到家时，机器人正在帮助我妈妈扫地。
考查过去进行时。was helping正在帮助，过去进行时；is helping正在帮助，现在进行时；will help 将要帮助，一般将来时；helps帮助，一般现在时。根据后面从句“when she got home”可知是过去正在帮助。故选A。
16．B
句意：我上个周日去看我的朋友时他正在洗他的车。
考查过去进行时。根据“when I went to see him last Sunday”可知从句是when引导的时间状语从句，时态为一般过去时，故主句时态应是过去进行时，强调过去的时间点动作正在发生。故选B。
17．B
句意：——刘老师，暴风雨什么时候来的？——昨天下午我们正在上化学课的时候。
考查when和while的区别以及动词的时态。When什么时候；have had现在完成时；were having过去进行时；While在……期间；are having现在进行时；have一般现在时。根据句意可知，问句提问的是暴风雨到来的时间，并且问句的动词come是短暂性动词，而while引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词，所以第一空用特殊疑问词when，排除选项C和D。根据答句的句意和yesterday afternoon可知，第二空应该用与过去相关的时态，故选B。
18． were waiting ran
句意：我们在等公交车的时候，一个女孩跑向了我们。由语境可知：一个女孩跑向我们的时候，我们正在干什么；所以while后的从句要用进行时态，故填were waiting；ran。
19． was talking saw
句意：当我看见老师时，她正在和一些父母交谈。此处叙述发生过的事，因此用过去时，结合句式Sb was doing sth when sb did sth“当某人做某事，另一个人正在做某事”，第一空是主句用过去进行时，主语the teacher是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，第二空when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，故填was talking ； saw。
20．was reading
句意：当他读书时，他听到隔壁房间有一个女孩在唱歌。while意为“当……的时候，与……同时”，引导时间状语从句。结合句意分析 “While he…(read), he heard a girl singing in the next room.”可知，他读书和听女孩唱歌同时发生。根据“he heard a girl singing in the next room.”可知，时态是一般过去时，事情发生在过去。而过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。所以断定此处用过去进行时。过去进行时结构为：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词。句子主语是he，第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，read的现在分词为reading。故填was reading。
21．heavily
句意：我们正在爬山，突然下起了大雨。空格处修饰动词“rain”，应用副词形式，heavy“重的，（在数量、程度等方面）超出一般的，比一般严重的”，形容词，其副词形式是heavily。故填heavily。
22．was cooking
句意：妈妈在厨房做饭，爸爸在浇花。根据“while my father was watering the flowers”可知，此句是说妈妈在厨房做饭，应用过去进行时，其构成为“was/were doing”，主语“My mother”为第三人称单数，用was构成时态。故填was cooking。
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