2025届新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区巴楚县巴楚县第一中学高三下学期二模英语试题
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Cultural Festivals in Singapore in 2024
Chinese New Year
The Lunar New Year is the most important period on the Chinese calendar. To welcome the New Year, Chinese families drive away bad luck by spring-cleaning, and welcome good fortune with red and gold decorations and brand new clothes. Throughout the 14 days of festivities, families visit friends and relatives to eat dinner (steamboat is a popular choice), exchange oranges and give kids red packets (hongbao). Celebrations not to be missed include the Chingay Parade and the International Lion Dance Competition.
Festival date: 10 February, 2024
Hari Raya Puasa
At the end of the fasting month of Ramadan, Muslim families celebrate by wearing eye-catching new baju kurungs (traditional Malay clothing) and visiting their families for a huge home-cooked dinner. Non-observers can visit the night market at Geylang Serai, which runs throughout the fasting month. The countless stands there sell all kinds of sweet and tasty snacks, ethnic clothes, jewellery and more.
Festival date: 10 April, 2024
Hari Raya Haji
This festival of sacrifice (祭祀) is celebrated exactly how it sounds. Following prayers from male volunteers at mosques around Singapore, worshippers (拜神者) sacrifice sheep, cows and goats to symbolize Prophet Ibrahim’s sacrifice. The meat is then carved up and given out to the family and friends of the person who offered the animal, with a third of it traditionally distributed to the needy.
Festival date: 17 June, 2024
National Day
Each August, Singapore celebrates its independence, and the Float at Marina Bay hosts a grand National Day Parade. Expect bursts of fireworks, amazing dance routines, decorated floats and lots of cutting-edge surprises throughout the day and night.
Festival date: 9 August each year
1．During which festival do people wear traditional Malay clothing
A．Chinese New Year. B．Hari Raya Puasa.
C．Hari Raya Haji. D．National Day.
2．What is the main activity during Hari Raya Haji
A．Praying and sacrificing animals. B．Visiting the market.
C．Having a home-cooked feast. D．Watching a parade.
3．What’s the festival date for National Day in Singapore in 2024
A．10 February. B．9 August. C．17 June. D．10 April.
James Hughes has suffered from a serious disease, a condition causing blindness, for as long as he can remember. As an undergraduate at Binghamton University, teaching was not Hughes’ Plan A．“If you’re smart and blind, the thing to do is be a lawyer,” Hughes said. But he realized while in school that he had no passion for law. His real passions were for people and history.
When Hughes first told his college counselor (顾问) his plans to teach, she told him it would be impossible to place him into a public school, though he might have a chance at teaching at a school for the blind. Hughes had spent his pre-college years at such a school in New York City, but he wanted a chance at teaching in a public school.
“It wasn’t so much that I didn’t want to,” said Hughes, “I didn’t want to be put into a specific group and only do that kind of thing. I have a right to fail.”
Hughes said he gained his positive outlook on life and his refusal to be labeled as “unable” from his older brother Joey, who was also completely blind. “His early death was a turning point in my life. After the tears and pain, I was determined to carry on, using the lessons Joey had taught me,” Hughes said.
After graduating from college, Hughes sent out resumes (简历) to hundreds of schools. Only one got back to him. “I came across that resume and it took me by shock — how could a blind teacher possibly function in a classroom ” said Steve Kussin, a former headteacher of Farmingdale High School. “And I’m glad that I took a second look at that resume, because it’s made all the difference in the world to generations of students.”
Hughes’ success at Farmingdale was not easy. It took a lot of hard work and open-minded people for him to get to where he is today.
4．What can we know about Hughes
A．He went in for history.
B．He wanted to be a lawyer after graduation.
C．He wished to teach at a school for the blind.
D．He studied in a public school before going to college.
5．Who inspired Hughes to be optimistic
A．His younger brother. B．Joey.
C．His college counselor. D．Steve Kussin.
6．What does Hughes mean by saying the underlined sentence
A．He is bound to fail.
B．He won’t give up no matter what happens.
C．He will become stronger through constant failure.
D．He is willing to try something and ready to accept failure.
7．What’s the best title for the text
A．The Role of College Counselors
B．The Importance of Open-mindedness
C．A Blind Teacher’s Struggle and Success
D．The Challenges of a Lawyer with Vision Loss
Increasingly hot topics in both science and journalism are diversifying the people in these professions and examining what is meant by “objectivity”. As both become more enriched with varied backgrounds and views, are the old ideas of objectivity outdated I sat down with Amna Nawaz, the new co-anchor of Public Broadcasting Service’s NewsHour who shared how she brings her “whole self” to her work.
“I always like to point out … mostly older white men … were in those roles of determining what was considered to be news,” she told me. But she noted that these biased (偏见的) viewpoints are being challenged as more women, young professionals and people of color join the industry. All journalists, she noted, “let the facts guide our reporting.”
The scientific enterprise in America also has long been dominated and defined by the white male views, so as the diversity of scientists increases, standards must also be redefined in a more expansive way. Certainly, for both journalists and scientists, a variety of personal and professional experiences strengthen their practices by, for example, bringing more attention or understanding to certain topics and increasing the objectivity of the entire enterprise by ensuring that evidence is considered from a wide range of different viewpoints.
Scientists, like journalists, bring their whole selves to their research, which, on the one hand, makes individual scientists sensitive to motivated reasoning and biases. But on the other hand, scientific consensus (一致) ultimately gets closer to the truth, and the more diverse the collection of scientists, the faster they will get to an agreement because the process will wash out common sets of biases much more efficiently.
We both agreed that the practices of journalism and science require focus on how to best convey changes in information to the public. Nawaz knows that journalists cannot control how the public reacts to a story, but only how well they can report a story as it develops. That’s true for science too. The only thing we can do in the face of that is to concentrate on what we do best.
8．What does Nawaz think of the effect of journalist diversity on journalism
A．It shows personal experiences destroy reporting.
B．It allows journalists to hide their bias among others.
C．It confirms fairness can maintain objectivity in journalism.
D．It challenges the tradition by introducing broader viewpoints.
9．How does diversity help to improve the objectivity of the scientific field
A．By integrating biases into research.
B．By focusing on evidence instead of ideas.
C．By reaching quicker agreements from wider views.
D．By valuing group efforts rather than individual work.
10．What does the author suggest on dealing with public doubts in the two professions
A．Getting devoted to work. B．Changing personal biases.
C．Bettering practical experience. D．Correcting public misunderstanding.
11．What is the text mainly about
A．The true diversity in journalism and science.
B．Various challenges in journalism and science.
C．Balanced roles in modern reporting and research.
D．Impact of diversity on objectivity in journalism and science.
Have you watched the cyclists competing in the 2024 Paris Olympic Games Why did they cycle by grouping together in formations That’s because formations shelter them from unfavorable headwinds.
In a study, scientists propose a new “turbulence sheltering hypothesis (湍流庇护假说)” to describe fish movement. It suggests that, similar to cyclists, fish might also save a significant amount of energy when swimming in schools through turbulent waters, as opposed to moving individually.
“For many years now, there have not been any substantially new ideas on why fish in particular might school and move as a collective group. The turbulence sheltering hypothesis provides a new idea for why fishes might gain an energetic advantage by moving as a school,” says study lead author Yangfan Zhang, a zoologist at Harvard University.
To corroborate this, the scientists built what The New York Times’ Katrina Miller calls a “water treadmill” for giant danio fish: a tank with a propeller (螺旋桨) to control the water flow, high-speed cameras to observe their movements and a respirometer (呼吸计) to measure their oxygen consumption — in other words, how much energy they were using. The scientists concluded that when the fish swam in groups of eight in turbulent waters, the fish used up to 79 percent less energy than when swimming individually in the same condition. On the other hand, single fish used up to 22 percent more energy in turbulent waters by forcefully beating their tails to maintain the same speed as in calm waters.
Zhang tells Popular Science that fish moving in schools gain “dramatic benefits” in turbulent conditions, which ultimately suggests some fish evolved to live in groups to promote more efficient swimming.
However, as with any hypothesis, there are still challenges to overcome. For example, the experiment was conducted on one particular species of fish, so it is unclear whether the hypothesis will apply to other species. Obviously, more studies are needed.
12．Why does the author mention the cyclists
A．To reach a conclusion. B．To introduce a topic.
C．To propose a definition. D．To present an argument.
13．What does the underlined word “corroborate” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Confirm. B．Apply. C．Clarify. D．Predict.
14．What is the author’s attitude to the research
A．Doubtful. B．Disapproving. C．Appreciative. D．Objective.
15．Which is the best title for the text
A．The Result of Fish Swimming in Schools
B．A New Idea of Energy Saving for Fish Schools
C．The Inspiration from Fish Swimming Together
D．A Phenomenon of Fish Schools in Turbulent Waters
Managing remote workers is more challenging than managing in-house workers. Some common challenges include the loss of direct administration of employees, breakdowns in communication, and the tiredness associated with frequent video-conferences. 16 Here are some tips on how to improve your remote team management skills.
17 If you work in separate time zones, remote employees may think they’re bothering you if they contact you outside of scheduled meeting times. Create an open-door policy so remote employees feel comfortable reaching you at any time. While you may not be able to respond right away, it’s important to ensure that your employees understand that you’re there for them.
You have many choices regarding communication channels your team will use, such as email, video conferencing, messaging apps and workflow apps. All these tools can quickly fill your employees’ work hours with inefficient communication. You may select just a few tools with a more significant impact to communicate with your staff. 18 Regularly check in with employees. A daily meeting can help you review progress on goals and performance indicators, and watch for signs of job burnout. 19 In a more personal setting, you and your team members may feel more open to discussing career growth and private problems.
The lines between work hours and personal time are often blurred (模糊的). It’s essential to encourage your team to maintain a healthy work-life balance. Clarify that you anticipate them to recharge and pursue their own hobbies and relationships outside of work. 20 They will perform at their best while still maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
A．Establish an open-door policy for your remote team.
B．Doing so will help your team save more time and energy.
C．Emphasize the benefits of the open-door policy to employees.
D．Your remote team will appreciate your understanding and trust.
E．That means it takes an additional skill set to lead a remote team.
F．Hence, you should choose a safe environment to make use of the tools.
G．One-on-one meetings are also a good way for you to connect with your team.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
Vermont State University has just awarded Max an honorary doctorate for being a beloved member of its community. Max is not a person; it’s a cat. And it was for his 21 , not for his ability to catch mice. He’s been 22 with the students and staff for years.
Max lives in a house on the same street as the main entrance of the 23 . His human mother Ashley Dow says that he enjoys going to the campus and 24 with the students. Students get 25 when they see him. They pick him up and take 26 with him.
Max was 27 by his human mom five years ago. Since then he has enjoyed his 28 to the campus and the students have enjoyed looking after him and giving him rides in their backpacks. He is an unofficial 29 support cat for many.
While humans love Max, he has been 30 attacked by other cats in this area. Therefore, Dow put up 31 asking the students to help. The signs said: “If you see Max out and about after five, could you 32 him home ” and students have brought him home or texted his 33 to Dow.
He has become such an 34 part of the campus community that giving him an honorary doctorate is a way to 35 this special relationship.
21．A．forgiveness B．friendliness C．eagerness D．skillfulness
22．A．socializing B．competing C．reasoning D．quarreling
23．A．shelter B．institute C．community D．campus
24．A．keeping up B．sweeping away C．hanging out D．getting ahead
25．A．ashamed B．excited C．inspired D．frightened
26．A．pictures B．action C．care D．notes
27．A．bothered B．affected C．adopted D．gathered
28．A．attempts B．attention C．response D．visits
29．A．physical B．professional C．emotional D．visual
30．A．constantly B．eventually C．extremely D．extensively
31．A．signals B．posters C．signs D．marks
32．A．drag B．permit C．follow D．bring
33．A．preference B．location C．behavior D．appointment
34．A．inseparable B．unimaginable C．unfamiliar D．inaccessible
35．A．respect B．raise C．handle D．recognize
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru, a China-made documentary about a shipwreck (船舶失事) that killed more than 800 British soldiers during World War II, would be released in 36 (cinema) around China on September 6. The film 37 (direct) by Fang Li won high praise after its premiere (首映) at the Shanghai International Film Festival in June.
The Lisbon Maru was a cargo ship transformed 38 an armed soldier carrier by the Japanese Army during World War II. In October 1942 it carried more than 1,800 British prisoners of war from Hong Kong to Japan when it 39 (hit) by a torpedo (鱼雷) from the US military. It sank off the Zhoushan Islands in East China’s Zhejiang Province. More than 800 British soldiers were killed in 40 incident and more than 300 were rescued by Chinese fishermen nearby.
Fang’s documentary — based on the book of the same title by British 41 (history) Tony Benham — recounts the historical event, the heroic rescue campaign, what happened to the survivors, as well as the stories behind those who were lost in the disaster of war. Fang spent eight long years making the documentary, travelling across continents 42 (interview) the survivors, rescuers and the family members of the victims.
Fang is a sea physicist, who 43 (successful) located the Lisbon Maru on the sea floor in 2016. He was so 44 (strike) by what happened to the soldiers and their family as well as the heroic action of the Chinese fishermen 45 he decided to tell their stories in a documentary movie.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，得知你校英语俱乐部将要举办英语歌曲比赛，你很想参加。请写一封电子邮件询问有关事宜。内容包括：
1.比赛时间和地点；
2.比赛要求和报名方式。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Anthony finished carrying his boxes into a new apartment. Looking around the area, he was finally happy.
The past year had been tough after getting fired from his job right before Christmas. He found a job months later. Unfortunately, that was when his landlord (房东) decided to sell his apartment. So he had to find a new home fast. Luckily, this place became available.
He stepped on something on the floor when he was cleaning up. It was a picture frame (相框). After turning it around, Anthony found that the picture showed an old woman sitting on a rocking chair. But the surprising part is that he recognized her.
That was a year ago when he still had his old job as a bus driver. He was finishing his bus route as an older lady got on the bus. That particular December night in Minneapolis, Minnesota, was cold. Snow was pouring, and Anthony wanted to get home quickly. Additionally, he had recently heard some news about budget cuts, and apparently, some people were about to get fired.
He was thinking about the negative issues when the woman’s bus card kept getting rejected. “Sir, I’m sorry. I left my wallet at home. May I pay you back soon I’ll leave you my phone number. Please, it’s so cold,” the woman begged. “I’m sorry, lady. My bosses strictly prohibit that. Please exit,” Anthony said finally. The woman tried to explain her case again, but Anthony lost his temper, “GET OUT RIGHT NOW!” She almost cried but turned around and exited the bus.
The following morning, Anthony woke up full of guilt. The morning news said there was a massive snowstorm that night, and he wondered if the woman got home safely. Then, he received a phone call from his company, telling him he was fired.
Staring at the old woman’s photograph, Anthony found the guilt came back to him in full force. Believing the woman was the previous renter of his apartment, he decided to call his new landlord Jack and ask about her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jack said the lady was Helen Miller and gave Anthony her phone number.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I appreciate your apology. But why do you call a year later ” Helen asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2024年新加坡的几个文化节日。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据Hari Raya Puasa部分“At the end of the fasting month of Ramadan, Muslim families celebrate by wearing eye-catching new baju kurungs (traditional Malay clothing) and visiting their families for a huge home-cooked dinner.(在斋月结束时，穆斯林家庭穿着引人注目的新baju kurungs（传统的马来服装）来庆祝，并拜访他们的家人，吃一顿丰盛的家常菜。)”可知，在Hari Raya Puasa人们会穿传统的马来服装。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Hari Raya Haji部分“Following prayers from male volunteers at mosques around Singapore, worshippers (拜神者) sacrifice sheep, cows and goats to symbolize Prophet Ibrahim’s sacrifice.(在新加坡各地的清真寺，男性志愿者做完祷告后，信徒们会宰杀绵羊、牛和山羊，以象征先知易卜拉欣的祭祀。)”可知，Hari Raya Haji的主要活动是祈祷和用动物祭祀。故选A。
3．细节理解题。由National Day部分的“Festival date: 9 August each year(节日日期：每年8月9日)”可知，2024年新加坡的国庆日是8月9日。故选B。
【答案】4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了盲人James Hughes不顾他人质疑，坚持追求在公立学校教书的梦想，经历艰辛后最终取得成功的故事。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“His real passions were for people and history.(他真正热爱的是人类和历史)”可知，Hughes喜欢历史。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Hughes said he gained his positive outlook on life and his refusal to be labeled as ‘unable’ from his older brother Joey, who was also completely blind.(Hughes说他积极的生活态度和拒绝被贴上“无能”标签的想法都来自他同样全盲的哥哥Joey)”可知，是Joey激励Hughes变得乐观。故选B项。
6．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Hughes had spent his pre college years at such a school in New York City, but he wanted a chance at teaching in a public school.(Hughes大学前在纽约市的一所盲人学校上学，但他想获得在公立学校教书的机会)”和“‘It wasn’t so much that I didn’t want to,’ said Hughes, ‘I didn’t want to be put into a specific group and only do that kind of thing. I have a right to fail.’(Hughes说：“并不是我不愿意，而是我不想被归入一个特定的群体，只做那种事情。我有失败的权利。”)”可知，Hughes想尝试在公立学校教书，也做好了失败的准备。所以他说“I have a right to fail.”的意思是他愿意尝试一些事情并准备好接受失败。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“As an undergraduate at Binghamton University, teaching was not Hughes’ Plan A. But he realized while in school that he had no passion for law. His real passions were for people and history.(在宾厄姆顿大学读本科时，教书并不是Hughes的首选。但他在上学时意识到自己对法律没有热情。他真正热爱的是人类和历史)”、第二段中“When Hughes first told his college counselor (顾问) his plans to teach, she told him it would be impossible to place him into a public school, though he might have a chance at teaching at a school for the blind.(当Hughes第一次告诉大学顾问他的教书计划时，顾问告诉他不可能进入公立学校任教，不过他可能有机会在盲人学校教书)”、第五段中“After graduating from college, Hughes sent out resumes (简历) to hundreds of schools. Only one got back to him. ‘I came across that resume and it took me by shock — how could a blind teacher possibly function in a classroom ’ said Steve Kussin, a former headteacher of Farmingdale High School.(大学毕业后，休斯向数百所学校投去了简历。只有一个人给他回了信。“当我看到这份简历时，我震惊了——一个盲人老师怎么可能在课堂上发挥作用？”法明代尔高中前校长史蒂夫·库辛说)”和最后一段“Hughes’ success at Farmingdale was not easy. It took a lot of hard work and open minded people for him to get to where he is today.(Hughes在法明戴尔取得成功并不容易。他付出了很多努力，也多亏了思想开放的人，才取得了今天的成就)”可知，文章主要讲述了盲人Hughes不顾反对和质疑，努力争取在公立学校教书的机会，历经艰难最终取得成功。所以C项“A Blind Teacher’s Struggle and Success(一位盲人教师的奋斗与成功)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．A 11．D
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了新闻和科学领域人员多样性对客观性的影响，指出这种多样性挑战传统并能提升各自领域的客观性。
【解析】8．推理判断题。根据第二段中““I always like to point out … mostly older white men … were in those roles of determining what was considered to be news,” she told me. But she noted that these biased (偏见的) viewpoints are being challenged as more women, young professionals and people of color join the industry.(“我总是喜欢指出……大多是年长的白人男性……在决定什么被认为是新闻方面扮演着角色，”她告诉我。但她指出，随着更多女性、年轻专业人士和有色人种加入这个行业，这些有偏见的观点正受到挑战)”可推知，Nawaz认为随着更多女性、年轻专业人士和有色人种加入新闻行业，出现更多不同的观点，这让一些带有偏见的传统观点面临挑战，即新闻行业人员的多样性通过引入更广泛的观点挑战了传统。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段中“But on the other hand, scientific consensus (一致) ultimately gets closer to the truth, and the more diverse the collection of scientists, the faster they will get to an agreement because the process will wash out common sets of biases much more efficiently.(但另一方面，科学共识最终会更接近真相，科学家群体越多样化，他们达成共识的速度就越快，因为这个过程将更有效地消除常见的偏见)”可知，多样性通过从更广泛的观点更快地达成共识来提高科学领域的客观性。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Nawaz knows that journalists cannot control how the public reacts to a story, but only how well they can report a story as it develops. That’s true for science too. The only thing we can do in the face of that is to concentrate on what we do best.(Nawaz知道，记者无法控制公众对一件事的反应，只能控制他们在事件发展过程中报道得如何。科学也是如此。面对这种情况，我们唯一能做的就是专注于我们最擅长的事情)”可知，作者建议在这两个行业中应对公众疑虑的方法是专注于自己的工作。故选A项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Increasingly hot topics in both science and journalism are diversifying the people in these professions and examining what is meant by “objectivity”.(科学和新闻领域日益热门的话题正在使这些行业的人员多样化，并探讨‘客观性’的含义)”以及后文分别论述了新闻和科学领域人员多样性对客观性的影响，如 “But she noted that these biased (偏见的) viewpoints are being challenged as more women, young professionals and people of color join the industry.(但她指出，随着更多女性、年轻专业人士和有色人种加入这个行业，这些有偏见的观点正受到挑战)”和“But on the other hand, scientific consensus (一致) ultimately gets closer to the truth, and the more diverse the collection of scientists, the faster they will get to an agreement because the process will wash out common sets of biases much more efficiently.(但另一方面，科学共识最终会更接近真相，科学家群体越多样化，他们达成共识的速度就越快，因为这个过程将更有效地消除常见的偏见)” 可知，文章主要讲述了多样性对新闻和科学领域客观性的影响。故选D项。
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．D 15．B
【分析】本文是说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，群游的鱼类在湍流的水域中比单独游泳的鱼类节省高达79%的能量。
【解析】12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you watched the cyclists competing in the 2024 Paris Olympic Games Why did they cycle by grouping together in formations That’s because formations shelter them from unfavorable headwinds.(你看过2024年巴黎奥运会上自行车运动员的比赛吗？为什么它们会成群结队地形成队形？这是因为阵型可以保护它们免受不利逆风的影响。)”和第二段段首“In a study, scientists propose a new “turbulence sheltering hypothesis (湍流庇护假说)” to describe fish movement.(在一项研究中，科学家提出了一种新的‘湍流庇护假说’来描述鱼类的运动。)”可推知，作者提到自行车运动员是为了引出主题。故选B。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“the scientists built what The New York Times’ Katrina Miller calls a “water treadmill” for giant danio fish: a tank with a propeller (螺旋桨) to control the water flow, high-speed cameras to observe their movements and a respirometer (呼吸计) to measure their oxygen consumption — in other words, how much energy they were using. (科学家们为巨鱼建造了被《纽约时报》的卡特里娜·米勒称为‘水跑步机’的装置：一个装有螺旋桨的水箱用来控制水流，高速摄像机用来观察它们的运动，一个呼吸计用来测量它们的耗氧量——换句话说，就是它们消耗了多少能量。)”以及“The scientists concluded that when the fish swam in groups of eight in turbulent waters, the fish used up to 79 percent less energy than when swimming individually in the same condition.(科学家们得出的结论是，当鱼在湍流中八只一组游泳时，它们消耗的能量比在相同条件下单独游泳时少79%。)”可知，科学家通过实验设备测量鱼的能量消耗，且结论显示鱼群节省能量，由此可知，科学家做了一个实验来验证上文提到的‘湍流庇护假说’，划线词corroborate意为“证实”，和Confirm意思相近。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段“In a study, scientists propose a new “turbulence sheltering hypothesis (湍流庇护假说)” to describe fish movement. It suggests that, similar to cyclists, fish might also save a significant amount of energy when swimming in schools through turbulent waters, as opposed to moving individually.(在一项研究中，科学家提出了一种新的‘湍流庇护假说’来描述鱼类的运动。研究表明，与骑自行车的人一样，鱼在湍流中成群游动时也可以节省大量的能量，而不是单独移动。)”和最后一段“However, as with any hypothesis, there are still challenges to overcome.(然而，与任何假设一样，仍有挑战需要克服。)”可知，作者在本文中介绍了科学家的假说以及实验结果，在最后一段还指出了实验的不足，这说明作者对该研究持客观的态度。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“In a study, scientists propose a new “turbulence sheltering hypothesis (湍流庇护假说)” to describe fish movement. It suggests that, similar to cyclists, fish might also save a significant amount of energy when swimming in schools through turbulent waters, as opposed to moving individually.(在一项研究中，科学家提出了一种新的“湍流庇护假说”来描述鱼类的运动。研究表明，与骑自行车的人一样，鱼在湍流中成群游动时也可以节省大量的能量，而不是单独移动。)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家提出关于鱼类群游的新的假说：鱼群可以通过群游的方式节省能量，科学家通过实验验证了这一假说。因此最好的题目是B选项“A New Idea of Energy Saving for Fish Schools(鱼群节能新思路)”。故选B。
【答案】16．E 17．A 18．B 19．G 20．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何提高远程团队管理技能给出了一些建议。
【解析】16．上文“Managing remote workers is more challenging than managing in-house workers. Some common challenges include the loss of direct administration of employees, breakdowns in communication, and the tiredness associated with frequent video-conferences. (管理远程员工比管理内部员工更具挑战性。一些常见的挑战包括失去对员工的直接管理、沟通障碍以及频繁的视频会议带来的疲劳。)”提到管理远程员工存在诸多挑战，下文“Here are some tips on how to improve your remote team management skills .(以下是一些关于如何提高远程团队管理技能的建议。)”引出了一些管理远程团队的建议，由此可知，空白处需要填一个承上启下的句子，既要提到上文的管理远程团队存在的挑战，又要引出下文关于提高远程团队管理技能的建议。选项E“这意味着领导一个远程团队需要额外的技能。”符合语境。故选E。
17．下文“Create an open-door policy so remote employees feel comfortable reaching you at any time. (制定开放政策，让远程员工随时都能轻松地联系到你。)”提到了“开放政策”，由此可知，本段主要讲的是为远程团队制定开放政策，所以空白处作为本段的第一句，应该总括本段大意。选项A“为你的远程团队建立开放政策。”能够概括本段大意，符合语境。故选A。
18．上文“You may select just a few tools with a more significant impact to communicate with your staff. (你可以选择一些影响较大的工具来与员工沟通。)”提到了选择一些工具来与员工沟通。选项B“这样做将帮助你的团队节省更多的时间和精力。”中的“Doing so”指代的就是上文提到的“选择一些影响较大的工具来与员工沟通”，且说明了这样做的好处，符合语境。故选B。
19．上文“Regularly check in with employees. A daily meeting can help you review progress on goals and performance indicators, and watch for signs of job burnout. (定期与员工沟通。每日会议可以帮助你回顾目标和绩效指标的进展，并留意职业倦怠的迹象。)”提到了每日会议的好处。选项G“一对一会议也是你与团队联系的一个好方法。”与上文提到的会议的好处相呼应，进一步说明了会议是与团队联系的好方法，符合语境。故选G。
20．上文“Clarify that you anticipate them to recharge and pursue their own hobbies and relationships outside of work. (明确表示你希望他们在工作之余能够充实自己，追求自己的爱好和人际关系。)”表明了管理者对员工个人生活的理解和支持。选项D“你的远程团队会感激你的理解和信任。”中的“你的理解和信任”指代的就是上文提到的管理者对员工个人生活的理解和支持，且说明了员工对此的反应，符合语境。故选D。
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了佛蒙特州立大学授予一只名为Max的猫荣誉博士学位，介绍了Max与师生友好相处、常去校园，还曾遭其他猫攻击等情况。
【解析】21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：授予它荣誉博士学位是因为它的友好，而不是它抓老鼠的能力。A. forgiveness原谅；B. friendliness友好；C. eagerness渴望；D. skillfulness 熟练。根据后文“His human mother Ashley Dow says that he enjoys going to the campus and 4 with the students. Students get 5 when they see him. They pick him up and take 6 with him.”和“Since then he has enjoyed his 8 to the campus and the students have enjoyed looking after him and giving him rides in their backpacks.”可知，Max 多年来一直和学生及教职工相处融洽，说明它性格友好，所以是因为友好获得荣誉博士学位。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来它一直在和学生及教职工交往。A. socializing交往；B. competing竞争；C. reasoning推理；D. quarreling争吵。从后文“he enjoys going to the campus and 4 with the students. Students get 5 when they see him. They pick him up and take 6 with him.”可知，Max喜欢去校园和学生们待在一起，这表明它在和学生及教职工进行交往。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Max住在与校园主入口同一条街的一所房子里。A. shelter避难所；B. institute机构；C. community社区；D. campus校园。结合后文前文“lives in a house on the same street as the main entrance of...”和“His human mother Ashley Dow says that he enjoys going to the campus”可知，Max喜欢去校园，说明它很可能住在靠近校园主入口的地方。故选D项。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它的人类妈妈Ashley Dow说它喜欢去校园和学生们一起闲逛。A. keeping up跟上；B. sweeping away扫除；C. hanging out闲逛；D. getting ahead领先。根据前文“He’s been 2 with the students and staff for years”和后文“Students get 5 when they see him. They pick him up”可知，Max和学生关系融洽，常去校园自然是和学生一起闲逛。故选C项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们看到它很激动。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. excited激动的；C. inspired有灵感的；D. frightened害怕的。由后文“They pick him up and take 6 with him”可知，学生们看到Max时会抱起，说明很喜欢它，看到它这很高兴，处于一种很激动的状态。故选B项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们把它抱起来并和它合影。A. pictures照片；B. action行动；C. care照顾；D. notes笔记。从前文学生看到Max很激动的描述和一般人遇到可爱的猫会有的行为可推知，这里是说学生和Max合影，即“take pictures”。故选A项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Max五年前被它的人类妈妈收养。A. bothered打扰；B. affected影响；C. adopted收养；D. gathered聚集。后文“Since then he has enjoyed his visits to the campus”表明从某个时间点开始Max能去校园，合理推测是被收养后才开启了这种去校园的生活。故选C项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，它就喜欢去校园，学生们也喜欢照顾它，把它放在背包里带着它。A. attempts尝试；B. attention注意；C. response回应；D. visits访问，游览。根据前文“He enjoys going to the campus”和后文“to the campus”可知，Max喜欢去校园，所以这里说它喜欢对校园的访问。故选D项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对很多人来说，它是一只非官方的情感支持猫。A. physical身体的；B. professional专业的；C. emotional情感的；D. visual视觉的。前文提到学生们看到Max很激动，喜欢和它互动，说明Max能给学生带来情感上的愉悦和支持。故选C项。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然人类喜欢Max，但它一直受到这个地区其他猫的攻击。A. constantly不断地，经常地；B. eventuall最终；C. extremely极其；D. extensively广泛地。从后文“Dow put up 11 asking the students to help”可知，因为Max经常受到攻击，所以主人Dow才张贴标牌请求学生帮忙。故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，Dow张贴了标牌，请求学生们帮忙。A. signals信号；B. posters海报；C. signs标牌，告示；D. marks标记。后文“The signs said”直接表明这里张贴的是有文字内容的标牌。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：标牌上写着：“如果你在五点后看到Max在外面，你能把它带回家吗？”A. drag拖，拉；B. permit允许；C. follow跟随；D. bring带来，带回。后文“students have brought him home”明确提到学生把Max带回家，所以标牌内容就是让学生把Max带回家。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们把它带回家或者把它的位置发短信告诉Dow。A. preference偏好；B. location位置；C. behavior行为；D. appointment约会。结合前文“asking the students to help”和“see Max out and about after five”可推知，主人担心Max在五点后在外面会有危险，学生帮忙的方式除了带它回家，就是把它的位置告知主人。故选B项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它已经成为校园社区不可分割的一部分，授予它荣誉博士学位是认可这种特殊关系的一种方式。A. inseparable不可分割的；B. unimaginable难以想象的；C. unfamiliar不熟悉的；D. inaccessible难以到达的。从前文描述Max多年来和师生的密切互动，如社交、被学生照顾等，说明它和校园社区联系紧密，是不可分割的。故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它已经成为校园社区不可分割的一部分，授予它荣誉博士学位是认可这种特殊关系的一种方式。A. respect尊重；B. raise提高；C. handle处理；D. recognize认可，承认。因为Max和校园社区有特殊的紧密关系，所以授予荣誉博士学位就是对这种关系的一种认可。故选D项。
【答案】
36．cinemas 37．directed 38．into 39．was hit 40．the 41．historian 42．to interview 43．successfully 44．struck 45．that
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一部关于二战期间里斯本丸号沉没事件的纪录片，以及该纪录片的制作背景、内容和导演的创作动机。
【解析】36．考查名词的复数。句意：中国制作的纪录片《里斯本丸沉没》将于9月6日在中国各大影院上映，该片讲述了二战期间一艘导致800多名英国士兵丧生的沉船事件。cinema是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填cinemas。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：这部由方励导演的电影在6月的上海国际电影节首映后获得了很高的评价。句中谓语是won，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填directed。
38．考查介词。句意：里斯本丸号是一艘货船，在第二次世界大战期间被日本军队改造成武装士兵运输船。transform into是固定短语，意为“转变成”，因此空格处用介词into，故填into。
39．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：1942年10月，当它被美军的鱼雷击中时，载有1800多名英国战俘从香港飞往日本。它的被击中，且由carried可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语it是单数，因此空格处是was hit。故填was hit。
40．考查定冠词。句意：800多名英国士兵在事件中丧生，300多人被附近的中国渔民救出。空格处用定冠词the特指这个事件，故填the。
41．考查名词。句意：方的纪录片根据英国历史学家Tony benham的同名书籍改编，讲述了历史事件、英勇的救援行动、幸存者的遭遇，以及那些在战争灾难中丧生的人背后的故事。Tony Benham是历史学家，空格处意为“历史学家”，是historian，他是一个人，因此空格处用单数，故填historian。
42．考查不定式。句意：为了拍摄这部纪录片，方花了八年时间，走遍各大洲，采访了幸存者、救援人员和遇难者家属。根据语境可知，句子表示“为了拍摄这部纪录片，方花了八年时间，走遍各大洲，采访了幸存者、救援人员和遇难者家属”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to interview。
43．考查副词。句意：方是一名海洋物理学家，他于2016年成功地在海底找到了“里斯本丸”号。空格处用副词修饰动词located，successful的副词是successfully，意为“成功地”。故填successfully。
44．考查形容词。句意：他被发生在士兵和他们的家人身上的事情以及中国渔民的英雄行为所震惊，他决定把他们的故事拍成纪录片。be struck by是固定短语，意为“被……打动”，因此空格处是struck，故填struck。
45．考查结果状语从句。句意：他被发生在士兵和他们的家人身上的事情以及中国渔民的英雄行为所震惊，他决定把他们的故事拍成纪录片。so...that...引导的是结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，因此空格处用that。故填that。
46．【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
Learning the School English Club will organize an English Song Contest, I would like to take part. So I am writing to ask for information about the contest.
To begin with, I would like to know how I can sign up for the contest. Besides, I wonder when and where the contest will be held. In addition, can you tell me what I should pay attention to if I apply to take part in the contest
I would appreciate it if you could send me detailed information. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封电子邮件询问学校英语俱乐部将要举办的英语歌曲比赛的有关事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
另外：besides→moreover
举办：hold→host
首先：to begin with→to start with
另外：in addition→what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So I am writing to ask for information about the contest.
拓展句：So I am writing to ask for information about the contest that will be held.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To begin with, I would like to know how I can sign up for the contest. (运用了how引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] In addition, can you tell me what I should pay attention to if I apply to take part in the contest (运用了what引导的宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)
47．【答案】One possible version:
Jack said the lady was Helen Miller and gave Anthony her phone number. It took him a while to get up all his courage to dial the digits. “This is Helen Miller. Can I help you ” a woman replied. “My name is Anthony. I was the bus driver who kicked you out in the cold,” Anthony explained anxiously. “Oh, is it really you ” Helen responded, surprised but calm. “Yes. I’m so sorry. I’ve regretted it ever since,” Anthony admitted, his voice shaking.
“I appreciate your apology. But why do you call a year later ” Helen asked. “I found your picture frame today in your old apartment, and I got your phone number from Jack,” Anthony explained. Helen shared her story of that night, her walking home in the snow, and her illness that followed. Hearing Helen’s story, Anthony regretted his actions that day even more. He promised her never to do that to anyone again and would like to help her when necessary. Helen suggested, “The senior center needs help this weekend. Would you like to volunteer ”Anthony agreed without hesitation. He often visited Helen. Their interactions led to a monthly volunteering commitment and a growing friendship.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述的是Anthony因拒绝一位忘记带钱包而公交卡无法使用的老太太上车，事后深感愧疚，并在被公司解雇后，在新搬进的公寓里发现一张疑似前租户（即那位老太太）的照片，从而引发的一系列思考和行动。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Jack说那位女士是海伦·米勒，并把她的电话号码给了安东尼。”可知，第一段可描写Anthony向Helen道歉的情节。
②由第二段首句内容“‘我感谢你的道歉。可你为什么一年后才打来呢？’海伦问道。”可知，第二段可描写Anthony和Helen之间的对话、Anthony的后悔以及两人因此建立的友谊和志愿服务承诺。
2. 续写线索：拨电话——回答——解释——分享故事——Anthony后悔——Helen建议Anthony来做义工——Anthony同意——建立友谊
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①回答：reply/respond
②解释：explain/account for
③建议：suggest/recommend
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/astonished
②抱歉：sorry/apologetic
【点睛】【高分句型1】 “My name is Anthony. I was the bus driver who kicked you out in the cold,” Anthony explained anxiously. (由who引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】He promised her never to do that to anyone again and would like to help her when necessary. (由when引导的时间状语中的省略)

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