2023春季 北京完型阅读精讲精练-2
Cloze 2022年北京市丰台区中考一模英语试题
Taking a Chance
When Joseph handed Ms. Taylor his homework, he couldn’t have imagined how writing a short story would help him get more than a grade.
Joseph, who was ___1___, had few close friends. In his art class, students usually discussed modern painters and skills of mixing paint. He kept quiet. No one except Karen seemed to ___2___ him at all. So Joseph wanted to invite Karen to see the Jackson Pollock painting exhibit at the local museum. Every time he had an opportunity to invite her, he’d start by talking about his own painting. He knew his ___3___ was not as good as Karen’s—she was a natural artist—but he wasn’t sure where else to begin. He never got to the invitation before the bell rang.
But things suddenly changed when Joseph received an A+ on his story about a boy trying to ask a friend to an art opening. He was amazed. He knew that writing was fun and came ___4___ to him, but he didn’t realize he was good at it.
Ms. Taylor’s comments made him think he had a special talent, kind of like Karen’s for painting. Ms. Taylor ___5___ him to enter an upcoming national writing contest (比赛) . At the beginning, Joseph didn’t want to enter the contest. He was worried that he would ___6___ his new pride in himself if he didn’t win. But Ms. Taylor insisted that taking risks was part of knowing who you are and what you can do. Joseph finally ___7___ to submit (提交) his story to the contest. When he won the second place, he was still proud of himself — of his writing and of his ___8___ to enter the contest. He felt so good too that he took the chance of asking Karen to the art show, and she said yes.
1．A．relaxed B．shy C．excited D．hopeful
2．A．notice B．upset C．forget D．disappoint
3．A．chance B．story C．life D．work
4．A．quickly B．easily C．freshly D．hardly
5．A．allowed B．begged C．warned D．encouraged
6．A．return B．get C．lose D．face
7．A．agreed B．believed C．cared D．remembered
8．A．trust B．support C．courage D．character
◆积累好词佳句
1. 请写出相关派生词。
(1) usually (adv.) 经常地 →____________ (adj.) 寻常的, 通常的→____________ (adj.) 特别的, 不寻常的 →____________ (adv.) 特别地, 不寻常地
(2) painter (n.) 画家 →____________ (v.) 用颜料画 →____________ (n.) 刷油漆；绘画, 油画
(3) natural (adj.) 天生的；自然的 →____________ (n.) 自然；自然界→____________ (adv.) 自然地；正常地
(4) artist (n.) 艺术家 →____________ (n.) 美术；艺术
(5) invitation (n.) 邀请；请柬→____________ (v.) 邀请
(6) opening (n.) 开幕式 →____________ (v.) 开, 打开 (adj.) 开放的 →____________ (adj.) 开的 →____________ (n.) 公开；宽阔；率真→____________ (n.) 开瓶器
(7) amazed (adj.) 惊奇的 →____________ (v.) 使惊奇 →____________ (adj.) 令人惊奇的 →____________ (n.) 惊愕；惊诧
(8) writing (n.) 书写；写作；著作→____________ (v.) 书写；写作→____________ (n.) 作家；作者
(9) national (adj.) 国家的；民族的 →____________ (n.) 国家；民族→____________ (n.) 国家；国籍
(10) beginning (n.) 开头；开始→____________ (v.) 开始 →____________ (n.) 初学者
(11) worried (adj.) 担忧的 →____________ (n.& v.) 担心；担忧→____________ (adv.) 担忧地
(12) finally (adv.) 终于；最终→____________ (adj.) 最终的；最后的→____________ (v.) 把 (计划、旅行、项目等) 最后定下来；定案
(13) second (n.& num.) 秒；第二 →____________ (num.) 二 →____________ (adv.) 第二；其次 →____________ (adv.) 两次, 两倍
(14) relaxed (adj.) 放松的 →____________ (v.) 放松, 休息→____________ (adj.) 令人轻松的 →____________ (n.) 放松；缓和
(15) excited (adj.) 激动的；兴奋的→_________ (v.) 使激动 →___________(n.) 兴奋 →__________ (adv.) 激动地；兴奋地→___________ (adj.) 令人激动的；令人兴奋的
(16) hopeful (adj.) 有希望的；有前途的 →__________ (n.& v.) 希望 →____________ (adv.) 有希望地, 有前途地→____________ (adj.) 绝望的；不可救药的→____________ (adv.) 绝望地；无望地
(17) quickly (adv.) 迅速地；立即→____________ (adj.) 快的；快速的→____________ (v.) 加快；变活跃
(18) easily (adv.) 容易地；轻易地→____________ (adj.) 容易的；轻易的→____________ (n.) 容易；轻易；不费劲 →____________ (v.) (使) 宽慰；减轻；缓解→____________ (adj.) 忧虑的；不安的→____________ (adv.) 不自在地；不稳定地；心神不安地
(19) freshly (adv.) 刚刚, 新近 →____________ (adj.) 新鲜的 →____________ (n.) 大学一年级学生→____________ (n.) 新；新鲜；精神饱满→____________ (v.) 显得新鲜；使清新；使新鲜；使精神焕发
(20) encourage (v.) 鼓励 →____________ (n.) 勇敢；勇气 →____________ (adj.) 令人鼓舞的；鼓励的→____________ (adj.) 受到鼓舞的 →____________ (adv.) 鼓励人地 →____________ (n.) 鼓励
2. 请根据括号中所给词组或句型翻译下列句子。
没有人除了我们的父母, 会一直无条件地支持我们。所以我们应该永远爱戴父母。 (No one except sb., unconditional)
人与人之间的交往在现代社会很重要, 所以我们应该学习如何礼貌地邀请他人去聚会。 (communication, invite...to, politely)
Amy 决定多多参加社会志愿活动, 这使得她有机会增加自己的社会经验。 (voluntary activities, have an opportunity to, social experience, 定语从句)
我们不应该总是试图和别人一样好, 因为每个人在这个世界上都是特别的。 (as ...as)
我们必须设法从错误中吸取教训, 否则我们可能会重蹈覆辙。 (try to do sth., learn from, or)
学会善于思考。这就是把我们的生活与我们所学的联系起来的方法。 ( be good at, connect...with ..., what)
无论我遇到什么样的困难, 我的父母总是鼓励我勇敢地面对它们, 给我支持。 (No matter what , encourage sb. to do sth.)
只要努力过了, no matter how the result will be, 每个人都应该为自己感到骄傲。 (As long as+句子, be proud of)
我的家人没有太多的时间聚在一起, 所以我们总是抓住周末团聚的机会。 (take the chance, a family reunion)
Reading 北京市西城区2021-2022学年九年级上学期期末英语试题
Some animals are “shapeshifting”. This means they are feather changing how their bodies work. Scientists have found that birds’ beaks are larger because of the changing climate (气候) . Today, the global climate is rapidly warming.
Scientists found warm-blooded animals can keep their body temperature constant (恒定) . They are adapting to a hotter climate. To adapt means to change. Adaptations help animals stay alive in their environment.
How Animals Cool Off
Animals have to control their body temperature. If they do not, they can overheat. So animals have different methods to help them cool off. Birds, for example, use their beaks, which are not covered by feathers. They help birds reduce body heat. Mammals (哺乳动物) , which breathe air, have backbones, grow hair and produce milk, use similar methods. They use their ears, tails and legs to help them control body temperature.
Scientists have studied this in the past years. They have studied animals in warmer climates. They know that some of these animals have evolved (进化) certain features. These features
allow animals to reduce body heat more easily. They are becoming more obvious as the climate warms. This is particularly true in birds.
2_______
Sara Ryding works at Deakin University in Australia and studies birds. “Shapeshifting does not mean that animals are dealing successfully with climate change and that all is fine, ” Ryding said. “It just means they are evolving to stay alive.” The study found that birds are changing the most. For example, several types of Australian parrots showed changes. Their beak size has increased since 1871. Their beaks are now 4% to 10% larger. And that growth matches the summer temperature each year. Scientists have also reported changes in other animals. Tail lengths have increased in wood mice. Bats in warm climates have increased wing size, too. These changes might seem small, but Ryding says that could change as the planet becomes hotter.
Ryding wants to keep studying “shapeshifting”. She will 3D scan museum bird samples (样品) from the past 100 years. She will see which birds are changing the size of their beaks because of climate change by studying digital copies of bird samples. Ryding thinks the climate change that we have created is putting pressure (压力) on animals, so humans should do more than just recognize the changes that animals have to make. She says that some animals will adapt. However, others will not.
In “shapeshifting”, ______.
A．birds breathe air and change backbones
B．bird samples are made into digital copies
C．birds use their feathers to easily reduce body heat
D．birds’ beaks grow larger because of climate change
Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 5 and 6
A．What Animals Look Like B．All Is Not Well
C．Though Life Is Challenging D．It Is Worth A Try
According to the last paragraph, Ryding probably agrees that ______.
A．animals are suffering from human behavior
B．technology won’t end animal “shapeshifting”
C．humans haven’t realized animal “shapeshifting” yet
D．it is natural for animals to experience climate change
◆积累好词佳句
1. 请根据句意选出黑体词汇的最佳释义。
(1) work A. (v.) 起作用, 有效 B. (v.) 争取；力争；努力取得 C. (v.) 运转；运行
______ ① Because of her personal experience in her childhood, she decided to work to get equal rights for the black.
______ ② The new computer is really expensive, but it works at a much faster speed than my old one.
______ ③ The medicine that I have taken for two days doesn't work for my cold, so I decide to see a doctor again.
2. 请写出相关派生词。
(1) scientist (n.) 科学家→____________ (n.) 科学；自然科学→____________ (adj.) 科学 (上) 的
(2) adaptation (n.) 适应→____________ (v.) 适应 (新情况) →____________ (adj.) 有适应能力的→____________ (n.) 适应性
(3) alive (adj.) 活着的, 在世的 →____________ (v.) 住, 居住；生活→____________ (n.) 生计→____________ (adj.) 精力充沛的
(4) successfully (adv.) 成功地→____________ (n.) 成功, 胜利→____________ (adj.) 获得成功的, 有成就 的 →____________ (v.) 成功, 达到目标
(5) growth (n.) 发育→____________ (v.) 生长；种植→____________ (adj.) 成熟的 →____________ (adj.) 增加的
(6) length (n.) 长；长度→____________ (adj.) 长的；长久的
(7) create (v.) 创造→____________ (n.) 作品→____________ (adj.) 有创造力的→____________ (adv.) 有 创作力地→____________ (n.) 创造者→____________ (n.) 创造性→____________ (n.) 创造力
3. 请根据括号中所给词组或句型翻译下列句子。
给他一些时间让他冷静一下吧, 他现在正在气头上。 (cool off, in a bad temper)
在过去的几年里, 中国在太空领域取得了巨大的成就, 所有中国人都为此感到自豪。 (in the past years, make great achievements in... be proud of )
许多青少年认为, 随着年龄和才智的增长, 他们应该被允许自己做决定。 (wiser, allow sb. to do sth., 被动语态)
解决问题的方法总是不止一种, 所以尽量找到最适合你的方法。 (more than one way to do sth., suit sb. best, 定语从句)
◆英译汉
Mammals, which breathe air, have backbones, grow hair and produce milk, use similar methods.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Ryding thinks the climate change that we have created is putting pressure on animals, so humans should do more than just recognize the changes that animals have to make.
_____________________________________________________________________________
1. (2021阅读理解C) Younger children can enjoy reading stories about vegetables with parents who offer useful message.
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. (2021阅读理解C) Besides, a small planter box in a sunny part at home can encourage children to understand more about where their food comes from
_____________________________________________________________________________2023春季 北京完型阅读精讲精练-2答案
Cloze 2022年北京市丰台区中考一模英语试题
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．C
1．句意：约瑟夫很害羞，几乎没有亲密的朋友。relaxed放松的；shy害羞的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的。根据“had few close friends”可知，约瑟夫几乎没什么亲密好友，由此推知，约瑟夫的性格比较害羞。故选B。
2．句意：除了凯伦，似乎没有人注意到他。notice注意；upset使心烦意乱；forget忘记；disappoint失望。根据“No one except Karen seemed to…him at all.”可知，班上只有凯伦注意到了约瑟夫。故选A。
3．句意：他知道他的作品不如凯伦的好——她是天生的艺术家。chance机会；story故事；life生活；work作品。根据“she was a natural artist”可知，因为凯伦是天生的艺术家，所以约瑟夫认为他的作品没有凯伦的好。故选D。
4．句意：他知道写作很有趣，对他来说很容易，但他没有意识到自己擅长写作。quickly迅速地；easily容易地；freshly精神饱满地；hardly几乎不。根据“He knew that writing was fun”和“but he didn’t realize he was good at it”可知，写作对于约瑟夫而言很容易。故选B。
5．句意：泰勒女士鼓励他参加即将举行的全国写作比赛。allowed允许；begged祈求；warned警告；encouraged鼓励。根据“Ms. Taylor… him to enter an upcoming national writing contest”可知，泰勒女士给约瑟夫的写作评价很高，并鼓励他参加比赛。故选D。
6．句意：他担心，如果输掉比赛，就会失去新的自豪感。return返回；get得到；lose失去；face面对。根据上文“Ms. Taylor’s comments made him think he had a special talent”可知，泰勒女士的话让他觉得自己有一种特殊的才能，让约瑟夫有了自豪感；再根据“He was worried…if he didn’t win”可知，如果比赛失败，约瑟夫认为自己将会失去这种自豪感。故选C。
7．句意：约瑟夫最终同意把他的故事提交给竞赛。agreed同意；believed相信；cared关心；remembered记得。根据“But Ms. Taylor insisted that taking risks was part of knowing who you are and what you can do.”可知，泰特女士告诉约瑟夫冒险是了解自己和自己能做什么的一部分，从而使得约瑟夫同意参加竞赛。故选A。
8．句意：当他获得第二名时，他仍然为自己的写作和参加比赛的勇气感到自豪。trust信任；support支持；courage勇气；character性格。根据“he was still proud of himself — of his writing and of his … to enter the contest.”可知，约瑟夫应该是为自己的写作，以及参加比赛的勇气而自豪。故选C。
◆ 积累好词佳句
(1) usually；usual；unusual；unusually
painter；paint；painting
natural；nature；naturally
artist；art
(5)invitation；invite
(6)opening；open；opened；openness；opener
(7)amazed；amaze；amazing；amazement
(8)writing；write；writer
(9)national；nation；nationality
(10)beginning；begin；beginner
(11)worried；worry；worriedly
(12)finally；final；finalize
(13)second；two；secondly；twice
(14)relaxed；relax；relaxing；relaxation
(15)excited；excite；excitement；excitedly；exciting
(16)hopeful；hope；hopefully；hopeless；hopelessly
(17)quickly；quick；quicken
(18)easily；easy；ease；uneasy；uneasily
(19)freshly；fresh；fresher；freshness；freshen
(20)encourage；courage；encouraging；encouraged；encouragingly；encouragement
(1) No one except our parents will always provide us with unconditional support. So we should love our parents forever.
(2)The communication between people is very important in modern society，so we should learn how to invite others to go to a party politely.
(3)Amy decides to take part in more social voluntary activities，which can let her have an opportunity to improve her social experience.
(4)We shouldn't always try to be as good as others be- cause everyone is special in the world.
(5)We must try to learn from our mistakes，or we might do them again.
(6)Learn to be good at thinking. That's how we connect our life with what we have learned.
(7)No matter what kinds of difficulties I meet，my parents always encourage me to face them bravely and give me support.
(8)As long as we try our best，no matter how the result will be，everyone should always be proud of ourselves.
(9)My family doesn't have much time to get together,so we always take the chance of weekends to get a family reunion.
Reading
北京市西城区2021-2022学年九年级上学期期末英语试题
9．D 10．B 11．A
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Some animals are “shapeshifting”. This……is largely because of the changing climate”可知，在“变形”中，由于气候变化，鸟类的喙变大了，故选D。
10．最佳标题题。通读第五段和第六段可知，第五、六段主要讲的是变形并不一定是好的，选项B“并非一切良好”最符合第五、六段标题，故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Ryding thinks……do more than just recognize the changes that animals have to make”可推知，Ryding认为动物正遭受人类行为的折磨，故选A。
◆ 积累好词佳句
B C A
(1) scientist; science; scientific
(2)adaptation; adapt; adaptable; adaptability
(3)alive; live; living; lively
(4)successfully; success; successful; succeed
(5)growth; grow; grown; growing
(6)length; long
(7)create; creation; creative; creatively; creator; creativeness; creativity
(1) Give him some time to cool off. He is in a bad temper now.
(2)In the past years, China has made great achievements in the space field and all Chinese are proud of it.
(3) Many teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they should be allowed to make their own decisions.
(4) There is always more than one way to solve a problem, so try to find the one that suits you best.
英译汉
Mammals use similar methods；呼吸空气，有脊椎，长毛发，产奶的哺乳动物，使用类似的方法。
Ryding thinks the climate change is putting pressure on animals，so humans should do more；Ryding 认为我们造成的气候变化正给动物带来压力，因此人类应该做些什么,而不是仅仅认识到动物不得不做出的改变。
年幼的孩子可以和父母一起阅读有关蔬菜的故事，父母会提供有用的信息。
此外，在家里阳光充足的地方放一个小花盆可以鼓励孩子们更多地了解他们的食物来自哪里。

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