北京市东城区三年（2020-2022）高三一模分题型分层汇编-01完形填空
一、完形填空(共0分)
（2022·北京东城·统考一模）Every year, around 20,000 American teenagers age out of foster care (寄养) at 18, and have to start their lives by themselves.
Ella first became aware of foster care when her parents were considering adopting a child. Although the ___1___ didn’t work out, Ella often found herself thinking about that child. “I’m really close with my family, and just couldn’t imagine being ___2___ on my own at 18,” she says.
Later, Ella visited Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to ___3___ what aging out looked like. One question was “What’s not being ___4___ for these young people ”. Near the top of the list was furniture. “The idea of moving into an apartment and not having a bed to sleep on pulled at my heartstrings,” says Ella.
Ella contacted her parents’ friends, asking if they had spare furniture to ___5___. And a local furniture store offered free space and delivery truck. Then she formed Chair-ity, a nonprofit providing furniture for young adults who have ___6___ foster care.
Watching those in need receive a bed, a table — whatever — was transformational. Ella remembers Hannah, a former foster care girl who couldn’t afford any furniture. When Hannah ___7___ to Chair-ity, Ella asked what she needed. “Everything,” she replied. When she found her once ___8___ apartment stood a full kitchen set, a bed, and a table, she said, “It really relieved my pressure.”
“To think what hadn’t been thought about in years could bring so much happiness to somebody was ___9___,” Ella says.
Today, Chair-ity has given furniture to nearly 200 young adults. As word has got out, Ella has received donations from more and more people. She’s convinced these contributions give those young people _____10_____ and confidence.
1．A．plan B．job C．way D．task
2．A．occasionally B．completely C．frequently D．slightly
3．A．explain B．understand C．expect D．recall
4．A．met B．built C．meant D．kept
5．A．arrange B．sell C．fix D．donate
6．A．left B．found C．improved D．thanked
7．A．looked up B．reached out C．held on D．gave in
8．A．quiet B．cold C．small D．empty
9．A．promising B．puzzling C．amazing D．pressing
10．A．purpose B．freedom C．hope D．guidance
（2021·北京东城·统考一模）A Labrador has been doing an important job to help people stay safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Eight-year-old Roby runs through the streets of the hilly city of Medellin several times a day with a ___11___ in his jaws, taking vegetables, fruit and packaged foods to customers of the Fresh4U mini-market.
“He helps us to maintain social distancing,” said Roby’ owner, Sherry Botero. “And people ___12___ it when we send the dog.” Roby enjoys eating carrots ___13___ to him by customers, a tip for bringing a basket of food.
Roby wasn’t always a star. He was accepted into the family ___14___ by Ms Botero after repeated requests by her son to ___15___ a dog.
But Ms Botero quickly ___16___ with the dog. And when she opened a mini-market four years ago, he started to accompany her to make deliveries.
Roby can’t read ___17___. But he remembers the names of customers who have previously rewarded him with treats. And with some practice, he has learned to go to their houses on his own.
“He knows the names of five or six of our customers,” Ms Botero said, “So I send the goods with a receipt in the basket, and my customers ___18___ me through a bank transfer(转账；转移).”
Roby might not know that he’s become an ___19___ worker. But he is happy to help his owner and ___20___ his daily pay.
11．A．bag B．chain C．basket D．stick
12．A．respect B．love C．follow D．notice
13．A．gifted B．returned C．lent D．donated
14．A．intentionally B．regretfully C．immediately D．unwillingly
15．A．adopt B．train C．adore D．walk
16．A．got away B．kept in touch C．caught up D．fell in love
17．A．minds B．addresses C．numbers D．receipts
18．A．treat B．help C．pay D．impress
19．A．essential B．honest C．optimistic D．adventurous
20．A．spend B．calculate C．collect D．increase
（2020·北京东城·统考一模）At six feet, seven inches tall and weighing 253 pounds, Father was a quiet giant(巨人) who only roared when he was angry. He would work long days, often ____21____ when I was already in bed. My two younger sisters and I both loved and feared him. Hearing the words, “Just wait until your father comes home,” would guarantee the three of us would start ____22____immediately. I was seven years old the night the “giant” became a person, and my ____23____. All it took was the __24__ of a tiny, dirty kitten.
I ____25____ to the sounds of my father coming home from work. I slipped out of bed and moved quietly towards the living room in hopes of spending a few precious minutes ____26____ with my parents without my annoying sisters around.
I heard mum say, “We cannot ____27____ it.” What was the “it” The giant saw me and ____28____ I should sit down near him. I was at a loss, although ____29____ might be a better word, for I had never seen or heard of a giant crying before. Unshed(满眶) tears ____30____up in his eyes. His cheeks were ____31____ from the ones he had cried earlier.
The giant reached into a cardboard box and brought out a dirty young cat and ____32____ it on my lap. I was soon ____33____, as the giant shared a story with mum. As he spoke, with shaking shoulders caused by ____34____and at times sorrow, he transformed from a giant to a man who became my hero.
He ____35____ that he was on his way home when he heard two men laughing and talking. As he rounded the corner, he heard the most terrible scream of pain. He couldn’t ____36____ what he saw. The men had thrown a kitten into a furnace(火炉). He yelled and ran up to them but it was too __37__. He couldn’t save the kitten. The men had run away and he was about to run after them when he saw another kitten at his feet.
“We have to ____38____ it; we have to keep it!” said the giant.
“It needs a ____39____,” said mum.
“I can help, Mommy!”
Reminded of my presence, mum and my hero sent me off to bed. As I fell asleep, I heard mum running some water.
We named the kitten Cinder and it joined our family. I never saw “the giant” again; I only saw my hero and a man whose heart was ____40____ than he was.
21．A．greeting B．chatting C．returning D．wandering
22．A．waiting B．escaping C．preparing D．behaving
23．A．model B．hero C．tutor D．friend
24．A．visit B．story C．arrival D．life
25．A．awoke B．listened C．rushed D．dreamed
26．A．straight B．alone C．indoors D．gradually
27．A．keep B．leave C．train D．clean
28．A．appealed B．urged C．indicated D．proposed
29．A．regretful B．hopeless C．unwilling D．terrified
30．A．built B．rolled C．blocked D．welled
31．A．wet B．red C．bright D．fresh
32．A．spread B．placed C．led D．dropped
33．A．discovered B．forgotten C．convinced D．relieved
34．A．fear B．surprise C．anxiety D．anger
35．A．argued B．emphasized C．explained D．summarized
36．A．believe B．prove C．guess D．judge
37．A．bad B．late C．fast D．far
38．A．help B．cure C．feed D．buy
39．A．meal B．rest C．bath D．lift
40．A．lighter B．purer C．warmer D．larger
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参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍Ella意识到今后将要依靠自己，独立生活后，建立了一个非营利组织，以此帮助那些脱离寄养的年轻人，为他们提供家具，给他们的生活带来希望和信心。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然计划没有成功，但Ella经常发现自己在想那个孩子。A. plan计划；B. job工作；C. way方式；D. task任务。根据“Ella first became aware of foster care when her parents were considering adopting a child.”可知，Ella的父母考虑收养一个孩子。故推知想要收养一个孩子是Ella父母的计划，故选A。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我和我的家人真的很亲近，无法想象在18岁时要完全靠自己，”她说。A. occasionally偶尔地；B. completely完全地；C. frequently频繁地；D. slightly稍微地。根据“Ella first became aware of foster care when her parents were considering adopting a child.”及“I’m really close with my family”可知，Ella和家人很亲近，直到父母说收养一个孩子时，她才意识到要离开父母，一个人生活。故推知Ella此前完全没有想过在18岁时，要完全靠自己，故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，Ella访问了儿童服务中心，并列出了一系列问题，试图了解长大了是什么样子。A. explain解释；B. understand了解；C. expect期待；D. recall回想，回忆起。根据““I’m really close with my family, and just couldn’t imagine being 　　2　　 on my own at 18,” she says.”及“One question was “What’s not being 　　4　　 for these young people ”.”可知，Ella没有独自生活过，所以通过提问题，来了解长大后的样子，故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个问题是“年轻人没有遇见过什么事情？”A. met遇见；B. built建造；C. meant意味着；D. kept继续。根据上文““I’m really close with my family, and just couldn’t imagine being 　　2　　 on my own at 18,” she says.”可知，Ella从未想象离开父母，自己独自生活。故推知Ella不知道独自生活后会遇到什么事，所以她想知道，年轻人没有遇见过什么事情？故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ella联系了她父母的朋友，问他们是否有闲置的家具可以捐赠。A. arrange安排；B. sell卖；C. fix安装；D. donate捐赠。根据下文“As word has got out, Ella has received donations from more and more people.”可知，这些床等家具都是别人捐的，故选D。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她成立了Chair-ity，这是一个非营利组织，为离开寄养的年轻人提供家具。A. left离开；B. found发现；C. improved改善；D. thanked感谢。根据“Later, Ella visited Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to 　　3　　 what aging out looked like.”可知，Ella想要了解离开寄养的年轻人是什么样子，并要帮助他们。故此处Ella想为离开寄养的年轻人提供家具，故选A。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当汉娜联系Chair-ity时，Ella问她需要什么。“一切，”她回答。A. looked up找；B. reached out联系；C. held on抓紧；D. gave in屈服。根据“Ella remembers Hannah, a former foster care girl who couldn’t afford any furniture.”可知，汉娜买不起任何家具，希望得到帮助，所以联系能捐赠她家具的Chair-ity，故选B。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她发现她曾经空荡荡的公寓里有一套齐全的厨房设备，一张床和一张桌子时，她说：“这真的减轻了我的压力。”A. quiet安静的；B. cold冷的；C. small小的；D. empty空的。根据上文“When Hannah 　　7　　 to Chair-ity, Ella asked what she needed. “Everything,” she replied.”可知，汉娜需要所有的东西，故推知她的新房子是空的，什么都没有，故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“想到多年来从未想过的事情可以给某人带来如此多的幸福，真是太令人惊喜了，”Ella说。A. promising有希望的，有前途的；B. puzzling使人困惑的；C. amazing令人惊奇的，令人惊喜的；D. pressing紧迫的。根据上文“When she found her once 　　8　　 apartment stood a full kitchen set, a bed, and a table, she said, “It really relieved my pressure.””可知，Chair-ity将家具摆满空荡荡的汉娜家，减轻了汉娜的压力，为她的生活带来了希望和幸福。故推知为他人捐赠家具会带给人幸福和惊喜，故选C。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她相信这些捐献物给这些年轻人带来了希望和信心。A. purpose意图；B. freedom自由；C. hope希望；D. guidance指导。根据“When she found her once 　　8　　 apartment stood a full kitchen set, a bed, and a table, she said, “It really relieved my pressure.””可知，Chair-ity将家具摆满空荡荡的汉娜家，减轻了汉娜的压力，为她的生活带来了希望。故捐赠物给年轻人带来了生活的希望和信心。故选C。
11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．A 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在新冠疫情期间，拉布拉多犬Roby帮助人们送蔬菜、水果和包装食品的故事。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：8岁的Roby每天叼着篮子在多山城市Medellin的街道上跑好几次，把蔬菜、水果和包装食品送到Fresh4U迷你市场的顾客那里。A. bag包；B. chain链子；C. basket篮子；D. stick棍子。根据下一段“a tip for bringing a basket of food.”和倒数第二行““So I send the goods with a receipt in the basket,”可知，此处指叼着篮子把蔬菜，水果等送到顾客那。故选C。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们派Roby过去时，人们很喜欢它。A. respect尊重；B. love爱，喜欢；C. follow跟随；D. notice注意。根据下文“ 　　　3　　　 to him by customers, a tip for bringing a basket of food.”可知，人们喜欢Roby。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Roby喜欢吃顾客送给他的胡萝卜，这是他带了一篮子食物的小费。A. gifted.用礼物送；B. returned返回；C. lent借出；D. donated捐赠。根据后文“a tip for bringing a basket of food.”可知，人们送给Roby胡萝卜作为送食物的小费。故选A。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Botero的儿子多次请求收养一只狗，但Botero不情愿地接受了这只狗。A. intentionally故意地；B. regretfully后悔地；C. immediately立刻地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据后文“after repeated requests by her son”可知，Botero不太愿意让儿子养狗，所以此处需用副词unwillingly不情愿地。故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. adopt领养；B. train训练；C. adore崇拜，爱慕；D. walk行走。根据前文“He was accepted into the family 　　4　 by Ms Botero ”可知，Botero不太愿意让儿子养狗。故选A。
16．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但是Botero女士很快就爱上了这只狗。A. got away离开；B. kept in touch保持联系；C. caught up赶上；D. fell in love爱上。根据后文“And when she opened a mini-market four years ago, he started to accompany her to make deliveries.”和空前转折连词but可知，Botero女士喜欢上了小狗Roby。故选D。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Roby看不懂地址。A. minds思想；B. addresses地址；C. numbers号码；D. receipts收据。根据前文“he started to accompany her to make deliveries.”和常识可知，因为是狗去送货，不认识字，所以看不懂地址。故选B。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我把货物连同收据放在篮子里寄出去，我的客户通过银行汇款给我。A. treat对待，款待；B. help帮助；C. pay付款；D. impress给……留下印象。根据空后“ me through a bank transfer(转账；转移).”可知，此处指转账付款。故选C。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Roby可能不知道他已经成为一个必不可少的“工人”。A. essential必不可少的，重要的；B. honest诚实的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. adventurous冒险的。因为Roby帮Ms Botero送货，所以他已经成了一个必不可少的“工人”。故选A。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他很乐意帮助他的主人和领取他的日常工资。A. spend花费；B. calculate计算；C. collect领取，收集；D. increase增加。根据前文描述可知，人们会给Roby一些食物作为小费，所以此处指他会领取他的日常报酬。故选C。
21．C 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者的父亲是个身形巨大的人，作者和姐妹们都有点畏惧他，直到作者七岁那年因为父亲救助了一只小猫，从而让作者改变了对父亲的看法。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每天工作很长时间，经常在我已经上床睡觉的时候回来。A. greeting打招呼；B. chatting聊天；C. returning返回；D. wandering漫游。结合后文when I was already in bed可知，父亲每天工作到很晚，等到作者已经睡觉了才回家。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到“只要等到你父亲回家”这句话，就能保证我们三个马上开始行为规矩起来。A. waiting等待；B. escaping逃跑；C. preparing准备；D. behaving行动，规矩地行事。根据上文My two younger sisters and I both loved and feared him.可知作者和姐妹们都害怕父亲，所以听到“只要等到你父亲回家”这句话，就能保证他们三个马上开始行为规矩起来。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我七岁的那天晚上，“巨人”变成了一个普通人，成了我的英雄。A. model模型；B. hero英雄；C. tutor导师；D. friend朋友。根据最后一段中I only saw my hero可知因为后来发生的事情，作者将父亲当做自己的英雄。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所需的不过是一只脏兮兮的小猫咪的到来。A. visit访问；B. story故事；C. arrival到达；D. life生活。根据后文可知父亲在回家路上捡回了一只小猫，正是这只猫的到来，让作者对父亲的看法发生了改变。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲下班回家的声音把我吵醒了。A. awoke唤醒；B. listened听；C. rushed急忙；D. dreamed梦想。根据后文I slipped out of bed可知作者被父亲回家的声音吵醒了。故选A。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从床上悄悄爬起来，朝客厅走去，希望能和父母单独相处几分钟，远离那些烦人的姐妹。A. straight直地；B. alone独自地；C. indoors 在室内；D. gradually逐渐地。根据后文without my annoying sisters around.可知作者想要和父母单独相处几分钟。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我听到妈妈说:“我们不能养它。”A. keep饲养，保持；B. leave离开；C. train训练；D. clean清理。根据第四段中The giant reached into a cardboard box and brought out a dirty young cat可知父亲带回了一只小猫，所以这次指的是母亲说不能饲养这只猫。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨人看见了我，示意我坐在他旁边。A. appealed呼吁；B. urged催促；C. indicated示意，表明；D. proposed提议。根据后文I should sit down near him.可知父亲示意作者坐到自己身边。故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我茫然不知所措，也许用“恐惧”这个词更恰当些，因为我以前从未见过或听说过巨人哭泣。A. regretful后悔的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. unwilling不情愿的；D. terrified恐惧的，害怕的。根据后文for I had never seen or heard of a giant crying before.可知作者听到了父亲因为猫的事情哭泣，而作者此前从未听到过父亲哭泣，因而现在感到害怕恐惧。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：满眶的泪水在他眼里涌现。A. built修建；B. rolled滚动；C. blocked阻塞；D. welled涌出。根据后文up in his eyes可知指的是父亲眼里涌出了泪水。well up“涌出”。故选D。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的两颊因先前的哭泣而湿润。A. wet潮湿的；B. red红色的；C. bright明亮的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据后文from the ones he had cried earlier可知作者先前听到了父亲哭泣，所以此刻他的两颊因先前的哭泣而湿润了。故选A。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨人把手伸进一个纸板箱，拿出一只脏兮兮的小猫，放在我的腿上。A. spread传播；B. placed放置；C. led导致；D. dropped落下。结合后文it on my lap可知父亲将小猫放置在了作者的腿上。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快就被遗忘了，因为巨人跟妈妈讲了一个故事。A. discovered发现；B. forgotten忘记；C. convinced说服；D. relieved减轻。根据后文as the giant shared a story with mum.可知父亲和妈妈讲故事去了，把作者忘记了。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他说话的时候，他的肩膀因愤怒和悲伤而颤抖，他从一个巨人变成了我的英雄。A. fear害怕；B. surprise惊讶；C. anxiety焦虑；D. anger愤怒。结合后文可知猫是被两个男人扔了火炉里，父亲没能救出猫，所以对这两个的行为是感到愤怒的。因此他的肩膀因愤怒和悲伤而颤抖。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，他在回家的路上听到两个男人有说有笑的。A. argued争论；B. emphasized强调；C. explained解释；D. summarized总结。承接上一段中the giant shared a story with mum，可知他在解释事情的经过。故选C。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他无法相信他所看到的。A. believe相信；B. prove证明；C. guess猜测；D. judge判断。父亲对两个男人把猫扔进火炉的做法感到震惊，无法相信自己所看到的。故选A。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他大叫着跑向他们，但是已经太迟了。A. bad坏的；B. late迟的，晚的；C. fast快速的；D. far远的。根据后文He couldn’t save the kitten.可知父亲想要救猫，但是已经太迟了。故选B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们必须帮助它；我们必须养它!”巨人说。A. help帮助；B. cure治愈；C. feed喂养；D. buy购买。父亲将小猫带回来就是为了帮助它。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“它需要洗澡，”妈妈说。A. meal一餐；B. rest休息；C. bath沐浴；D. lift举起。根据后文I heard mum running some water.可知妈妈提议说小猫需要洗澡。故选C。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我再也没有看到过“巨人”，我只看到了我的英雄和一个心胸比他自己更大的人。A. lighter更轻的；B. purer更纯的；C. warmer更温暖的；D. larger更大的。结合第一段中At six feet, seven inches tall and weighing 253 pounds, Father was a quiet giant who only roared when he was angry.可知父亲是个身形很巨大的人，但是他救助了一只小猫，说明他的心胸比他外在的身形更为巨大。故选D。
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